thesis framing analysis

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Analyzing Frame Analysis A Critical Review of Framing Studies in Social Movement Research

2016, Analyzing Frame Analysis

This critical review of three decades of studies of frames and framing in Social Movement research first offers a brief history of the notion of ‘frame’ in various disciplines, and then discusses empirical studies of frame alignment, frame disputes, frame resonance and master frames, among other notions. It is found that the very notion of discursive of cognitive frames remains very vague in these studies, and what are actually studied are for instance, beliefs, attitudes, goals, ideologies or values, especially how they are expressed in discourse. Also a study of the relations between frames and culture, identity and discourse shows that the notions of frames and framing are theoretically and methodologically inadequate and of very little, if any, use in empirical studies. It is recommended the cultural paradigm of SM research should rather engage in more explicit and systematic studies of more specific aspects of discourse and cognition, and drop the notion of frame altogether. Keywords: frame, framing, social movements, discourse, discourse analysis, cognition, social movements.

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Social Movement, Frames and Cognition, 2016

As part of a series of general critical reviews of framing research in social movement studies, this article examines the cognitive aspects of social movements. After a brief summary of some aspects of cognitive theory, introducing such notions as mental models, socially shared knowledge, attitudes and ideologies, the cognitive aspects of some SM framing studies are critically reviewed. First of all, it is established that although a cognitive perspective is chosen when frames are defined, as in Goffman (1974), as “interpretive frameworks” no further definition or elaboration is provided about the cognitive nature, structures and functions of such frames. It is further shown that wherever frames are being used to describe or explain forms of cognition, actually other notions are being used, such as goals, values, and ideologies, and thus are being glossed over. More specifically the article focuses on the few SM studies dealing with ideologies and conclude that also these studies are only marginally influenced by ideology studies in other disciplines. This is even more so the case for the study of the structures and functions of knowledge for social movements, an approach virtually ignored in SM framing studies – and only marginally dealt with in a sociology of knowledge of social movements. In sum, the study of the cognitive aspects of social movements is still in its infancy, and framing studies hardly contribute to such an approach. Keywords: social movements, frames, framing, cognition, mental models, interpretation, attitudes, ideologies, values, goals.

Social Movements, Frames and Discourse, 2016

This articles critically reviews discourse analytical approaches to frames in Social Movement research. After a summary of work on frames and related notions in other disciplines, it focuses on discursive frame analysis in sociology, originally inspired by the work of Erving Goffman. The contributions of these discursive approaches to frames are appreciated, but unfortunately only make very limited use of theories and methods of contemporary discourse studies. Keywords: frames, social movements, discourse, discourse studies

Framing and Social Movements, 2020

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This article reviews the development of the framing perspective on social movements since its emergence over three decades ago. The review led to three conclusions. During this period, the impact of the perspective has increased, its conceptual development has continued, and the types of the studies have shown major changes and continuities. For example, the initial predominance of descriptive and static studies has changed with the development of a significant number of explanatory studies on both framing and frame transformations, as well as on the consequences of their characteristics for the social movement. However, studies on frame structure or the emotions they evoke are still rare.

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