the positive and negative effects of globalization essay

Globalization: Positive and Negative Effects Essay

Globalization signifies increasing economic and cultural integrations between different states. It is one of the primary features of modern world economy and society, built on countries’ interdependency and unity of values of diverse nations. Globalization can be illustrated, for instance, by dollarization and global demand for McDonald’s products. Therefore, in my opinion, to date, globalization can be characterized by the interchange of products, knowledge, and technical achievements between various states, striving for standardization of economy and law, and the development of foreign commerce.

Positive and Negative Effects

Although the term “globalization” appeared several decades ago, there is still no ambiguous attitude to this phenomenon. On the one hand, globalization contributes to strengthening the world economy, appropriate resources allocation, the interaction between different countries, and the development of lagging countries due to access to up-to-date technology. On the other hand, there is a risk that it causes unemployment, overpopulation, climate injustice. In addition, its potential negative aspects include the states’ fear of losing sovereignty and traditions due to orientation toward the global interests and culture. Thus, globalization has merits and demerits that provide it with admirers and opponents.

Counteraction to Its Negative Aspects

Globalization can be more effective and bring more positive results if people counteract its negative aspects.

Overpopulation: First of all, I can recommend preparing for population growth: people can develop social protection institutions and labor marketing. Secondly, it is possible to improve the educational system and update the unemployment insurance: it will contribute to decreasing the level of unemployment.

Global Issues: It would be helpful to support small and medium businesses and lagging countries because orienting toward the world economy causes a risk to develop only large organizations and prospering states. In addition, each country should maintain the patriotic spirit of its population and does not allow global tendencies to replace their traditions.

Climate Injustice: It is necessary to focus more on climate change and the environmental state. For instance, people can develop the technology and investment in this sphere to improve the technological capacity and make them more ecologically friendly.

Therefore, globalization is a significant phenomenon of the modern world that needs to be thoroughly explored to enjoy its positive aspects and counteract its adverse effects.

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Globalization’ Positive and Negative Effects

Positive effects, negative effects.

A lot of attention is paid today to the process of globalization, but the general public often lacks understanding of this concept and its influence on the world. In general, globalization is expected to modernize communities and provide them with international recognition. Globalization is often characterized by the usage of improved technology, increased movement of people and money, diffusion of knowledge, and development of non-governmental and multinational organizations (Collins, 2015). Thus, it is critical to know when dealing with interaction and integration, among various countries, both the positive and negative effects globalization may have on their economy, politics, and culture.

Globalization begins in developed countries and tries to expand out to further destinations, giving these countries the opportunity to interact and improve economic conditions, as well as increase the population’s standard of living. In this way, it provides more scope for others to benefit from having more opportunities. Developing countries also gain the chance to move forward and enjoy economic success and an enhanced quality of life. Competition between, and within, countries is critical for business. Globalization strengthens this, ensuring reasonable prices and lower rates for the production of goods (Hite & Seitz, 2016).

It can also be seen as a tool to assist those in need. There are many people all over the world who are in a vulnerable economic position, lacking access to clean water, decent healthcare services, and without protection of their human rights. Due to the increased use of media, and interactions, under globalization, these issues gain greater attention from governments, non-governmental organizations, and the general public (Steger, 2013).

As a result, people become more aware of things happening in the world and cooperate in order to assist these populations and make their lives better. Globalization brings different nations closer to one another. It allows them to share their cultures and traditions through music, art, movies, etc. In this way, human beings become more open to one another; they seem to be ready to accept changes, and consider opposite points of view. It is also beneficial that countries have an opportunity to use innovative technologies developed by one another so that they do not need to face the strain of their creation over and over. Many nations deal with the same crucial issues, and find difficulty in trying to overcome them. Globalization enables them to cooperate and achieve common goals faster.

One of the most critical negative effects of globalization deals with the gap between social layers (“Globalization,” 2015). Receiving an opportunity to extend their businesses and cooperate with foreign partners, people with high incomes obtain an opportunity to increase it even more. Unfortunately, such improvement is not observed among the low-income population, as they tend to become poorer (Goodman, 2016). Globalization promotes outsourcing and encourages people to go to foreign countries.

Thus, some countries may lack jobs or resources. In addition to that, a close interaction between different nations makes people forget some of their traditions and values, which can have a detrimental effect on maintaining cultural heritage. Finally, some natural products may be dangerous to non-native ecosystems, which could affect the safety of both people and the environment (Ritzer, 2011).

As has been shown, globalization can have various effects on countries, people, and their environment. It is not possible to determine whether the pros or cons dominate in this framework. While the tendency to engage in the process can be observed worldwide, regardless of all precautions, each country should consider the risks of taking part in globalization individually. However, it is without doubt that globalization ultimately encourages countries to be more willing to cooperate with each other and, thus, helps in realizing both personal and mutual goals in a much quicker and more efficient way.

Collins, M. (2015). The pros and cons of globalization . Web.

Globalization: An overview of globalization and its positive and negative aspects . (2015). Web.

Goodman, P. (2016). The pros and cons of globalization . Web.

Hite, K., & Seitz, J. (2016). Global issues: An introduction . Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.

Ritzer, G. (2011). Globalization: The essentials. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.

Steger, M. (2013). Globalization: A very short introduction . Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

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StudyCorgi. (2020, October 5). Globalization’ Positive and Negative Effects. https://studycorgi.com/globalization-positive-and-negative-effects/

"Globalization’ Positive and Negative Effects." StudyCorgi , 5 Oct. 2020, studycorgi.com/globalization-positive-and-negative-effects/.

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1. StudyCorgi . "Globalization’ Positive and Negative Effects." October 5, 2020. https://studycorgi.com/globalization-positive-and-negative-effects/.

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StudyCorgi . "Globalization’ Positive and Negative Effects." October 5, 2020. https://studycorgi.com/globalization-positive-and-negative-effects/.

StudyCorgi . 2020. "Globalization’ Positive and Negative Effects." October 5, 2020. https://studycorgi.com/globalization-positive-and-negative-effects/.

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Essay Example: Positive And Negative Effects Of Globalization

Globalization is when the world and different countries are becoming interconnected by trade and culture exchange. In addition, more goods are manufactured abroad due to cheaper materials and wages, improved communications and transportation and less strict environmental laws. This comes with positive and negative impacts to the government, environment, and people. I mostly agree with the statement. ‘Globalization is positive for all.’ To what extent do you agree with this statement?’

On one hand you may agree with the statement ‘Globalization is positive to all.’ To what extent do you agree with this statement?’, as globalization has resulted in increased international trade, companies operating in more than one country, greater dependence on the global economy, freer movement of capital goods and services and recognition of companies such as McDonald’s and Starbucks in LEDCs. These results have led to positive impacts, where Inward Investment by TNC’s helps countries build income, connections and provide new jobs and skills for local people. In addition to bringing income and wealth to foreign and Low-income countries when they buy resources from the local business and shops, it can boost the local economy. The extra money can be used by the government to spend and improve on education, healthcare, and local infrastructure. Globalization can also bring in different cultures, ideas, and lifestyles, allowing people to experience foods and other products not previously in their countries, creating more cultural diversity in a country and could attract more people and business into a country.

On the other hand, Globalization may also not be positive to all. For example, TNCs that operate in foreign countries have their headquarters out of the foreign countries, take most of the profit from the manufacturers in the foreign countries and not the workers and managers who work and manufacture their goods, allowing richest countries and companies to dominate the world trade, even at the expense of low-income countries and developing countries. In addition, companies would rather manufacture in countries without strictly enforced international and environmental laws and with cheap resources and wages, meaning that TNCs may operate in developing countries and LICs in a way that may not be allowed in a MEDC/HIC. This could mean they may pollute the environment, run risks, or ignore international safety regulations or enforce poor working conditions and low wages on local workers. We have seen this happen in China, for example the Highly profitable Sports Company Nike, have been infamously known to have sweatshop locations in China, with poor wage and conditions.

In my opinion, I believe that Globalization can bring many local and financial opportunities to developing countries and local workers, providing locals jobs and a stable income, allowing governments to venture into improving infrastructure and education, as well as people spending and boosting the local economy, due to the increased disposable income. All of these impacts are positive, yet at the cost of the environment, fair wages, fair working conditions and equal distribution of profit amongst companies and workers .

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An economist explains the pros and cons of globalization

Piling up: Global trade has increased, but has it been a positive or negative force? Image:  REUTERS/Tyrone Siu

.chakra .wef-1c7l3mo{-webkit-transition:all 0.15s ease-out;transition:all 0.15s ease-out;cursor:pointer;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;outline:none;color:inherit;}.chakra .wef-1c7l3mo:hover,.chakra .wef-1c7l3mo[data-hover]{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.chakra .wef-1c7l3mo:focus,.chakra .wef-1c7l3mo[data-focus]{box-shadow:0 0 0 3px rgba(168,203,251,0.5);} Gita Gopinath

Ceri parker.

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Stay up to date:, global governance.

Every industrial revolution has driven a wave of globalization. The first wave was driven by innovations such as the steam engine and the industrial weaving machine; the second by the assembly line, the car and the plane; and the third by the digital revolution.

As we enter the fourth wave of globalization, driven by the digital revolution, there is renewed debate over whether it is a beneficial force: powering economic growth, and allowing the spread of ideas to improve people’s lives; or whether it erodes communities, and widens the gap between the elites and the rest of the world.

Globalization results in increased trade and lower prices. It heightens competition within domestic product, capital, and labour markets, as well as among countries adopting different trade and investment strategies.

But how do these impacts net out? What are the positive and negative effects of globalization? The below is an edited transcript of a conversation with Gita Gopinath, Chief Economist of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

Overall, what are the advantages of globalization?

The advantages of globalization are actually much like the advantages of technological improvement. They have very similar effects: they raise output in countries, raise productivity, create more jobs, raise wages, and lower prices of products in the world economy.

What might be the advantages of globalization that someone would feel in their day-to-day life?

I think something that's not sufficiently appreciated about, for instance, international trade is that it reduces the prices of goods that they consume. So if you look at day-to-day things that you purchase, in terms of washing machines, or cars, or even clothing, because of international trade we've had a decline in prices of these goods, so they have become far more affordable for a lot of people in the world.

How have the benefits played out in advanced economies versus poorer ones over the last three decades?

Both advanced economies and developing economies have benefited overall in terms of having higher productivity, more job creation, and higher wages. As we've always known, and this is true again with technology, there are always some winners and losers. So there are communities and there are workers who lose out when there is more trade integration. That is what we're seeing right now in terms of discontent with international trade.

Who have been the biggest losers?

The biggest losers from international trade are always those whose skills have a cheaper competitor in a different market. So, in the case of the US, it's been those who work in the manufacturing sector because jobs in the manufacturing sector have been outsourced to countries where labour is far cheaper.

On the other hand, in developing countries, more capital-intensive goods get imported more cheaply from the outside. So if you're a manufacturer of a capital-intensive good in a developing country you tend to lose because of that competition.

This is how it is with international trade: production goes to wherever it is most efficient to produce. So, when people in any country are exposed to this kind of competition, some win and some lose.

Is it possible as an economist to come up with a verdict? Has this wave of globalized trade been a net positive or a net negative?

If you say, I'm going to look at it from a measure of overall effect on a country's income, on its purchasing power, on the prices that its people pay, overall I think the evidence that we have all points to it being a net positive.

Now, if you frame the question as, has international trade been good for the manufacturing worker in the US? Then the answer to that would be “not fully”; it's been very costly in terms of jobs and wages for them.

How optimistic are you that this next wave of globalization offers a better future?

I would make a couple of points. First, the previous waves of globalization have been quite successful in lifting a large number of people out of poverty and so we should appreciate that.

The second thing is that any form of globalization will generate winners and losers. So even if you have the perfect, most optimal international trade agreements, there will always be those who lose out because of competition, in the exact same way that people lose out whenever there's a new technology being developed.

And so if we want to make sure that the next wave of globalization is even more successful, it has to be complemented with good, sound domestic policies that help those who are getting left out.

How optimistic are you that the trade war between the US and China will be swiftly resolved?

It's absolutely essential that it be resolved, and it gets resolved in a way that's long lasting. The world economy has lived with the uncertainty about trade tensions for a while now and if there is any solution and there is a sense that the solution is only transitory and something can again get triggered in the future, I think that's very costly.

I'd say I'm mildly optimistic because I think leaders in the world are recognizing that these trade tensions are having a negative effect on their economies and so it would make sense to sit down and resolve it.

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Positive and negative effects of Globalization

Globalization is typically referred to as the act of a company or group making a sustained impact on other countries in order to operate there in one capacity or another. American companies have made history with their ability to operate in numerous countries and make an impact on each. So powerful is their influence that branded American confectionery wrappers may be found on the top of Everest and in the Mponeng &TauTona gold mines. My argumentative essay exposes some of the positive and negative sides of globalization. (Goldenberg, 2011)

Positive – Globalization Creates Jobs

There is no arguing that the biggest impact that globalization has ever had is that it creates jobs. Even inhospitable and poor areas may be rejuvenated because a company needs something that the location has, even if that “Thing” is cold air to cool internet servers. Globalization enables jobs in areas where no other company could sustain itself without the money and power that a global company has.

Negative – Globalization Makes Human Exploitation Much Easier

An international company can invest in a local area and exploit their seafront for renewable tidal energy, or they use it as a quick and easy place to dump toxic waste. Companies can hire local people for a decent wage and train them to be highly productive and long-term workers, or they can pay very low wages and exploit the fact that the local government doesn’t enforce human rights laws.

Summary – There may not be a solution to the good-bad workforce problem. The fact that globalization creates jobs is great, but the fact that some companies exploit other people seems unfixable. After all, most people are aware of which major brands have sweatshops, and yet such brands are still worn by people with pride. Humans do not care on mass about human exploitation, therefore it will continue indefinitely. (Green America, 2018)

Positive – Companies Often Invest In Developing Countries

Even something as simple as building offices in a location means work for local builders, it means extra money paid to local councils, extra taxes being paid, and a general increase in the value of the land surrounding it. Plus, companies have been known to create reservoirs, build transport links, and in the case of Israel, companies entered and helped turn dessert into workable soil.

Negative – Some Developments Harm The Surrounding Areas

There are many cases where unethical behavior has destroyed an area. Africa is a common example of such behavior, but sometimes it is more insidious. For example, the bleach from clothing factories has been known to leech into the subsoil, infect local water sources, which affects the water’s heavy metal concentrations that not only kills off all the fish, but also makes the dead fish poisonous to anything that eats it.

Summary – Ethics and good morality seems to be needed when companies globalize, but even if one cannot win on the moral side, then a long-term approach may suffice. For example, the way that Somalia was devastated by globalizing businesses is the reason it is now one of the most toxic places to live on earth. If company decision makers had thought of the long term, they may have forsaken a quick profit for a sustainable business operation that would have meant they could have stayed in the country. (Bousquet, et al, 1999)

Positive – Transport, Communication, and Housing Often Improves

Many times a company has to invest in better transport, communications and housing in the area because it needs goods coming in and out, and it needs access to workers. A company is able to attract a better class of worker if they invest in local transport, housing and communication.

Negative – Corruption Becomes More Profitable

Bigger bait attracts bigger fish. If international companies are pouring money into an area, then small-time criminal organizations are replaced by larger unions who dominate and draw money towards themselves and way from the people.

Summary – If working laws are enforced, then unions have a harder time corrupting the local decision makers. That way, people may enjoy better transport, housing and communication without the fear of their workers union putting them out of work because the union officials want to loot a company. (Barker, 1999)

Conclusion – The Problem Is… People

It seems very “hip” and politically correct to say that globalization is bad and that the companies involved are bad, but as you can see from my argumentative essay, the responsibility always lies at the feet of people and not of companies. For example, people know that caged hens live in misery and that free range hens do not, and yet people buy caged-hen eggs all the time because they are slightly cheaper. The same is true of dolphin-safe tuna, unrecyclable plastic, sweatshop clothes, and so forth. One could look to the government to fix the problems defined in this essay, but if the market (the public) demands something, then companies will oblige no matter what the cost in human, animal, or environmental misery. The positive sides of globalization are good, but the sad part is that the negative sides will never get better unless being ethical becomes more profitable.

Bibliography

Barker, J. E. (1999, August). How Trade Unions Are Ruining British Industry. In Current History and Forum (Vol. 14, No. 5, P. 795). Ch Publishing Corporation, Etc

Bousquet, F., Barreteau, O., Le Page, C., Mullon, C., & Weber, J. (1999). An environmental modelling approach: the use of multi-agent simulations. Advances in environmental and ecological modelling, 113, 122.

Goldenberg, S. (2011, October 24). The mission to clean up Mount Everest. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/oct/24/mission-clean-mount-everest

Green America, (2018) What You Can Do About Sweatshops . Retrieved from https://www.greenamerica.org/green-purchasing-choose-fair-labor/tell-samsung/what-you-can-do-about-sweatshops

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Positive and negative effects of globalization

• June 10, 2017

In order to understand the positive and negative effects of globalization, we first need to under what globalization actually is. In simple words, globalization is a modernized development of the business world. The process that allows the flow of the business through the nations comes under the era of globalization. Taking a business to expand world-wide and generating revenues from international exposure is what mainly constitutes the globalization here.

To understand globalization, take an example of a shirt you own in your wardrobe. Often, we come across the tag that says ‘Made in China’ or ‘Made in Indonesia’. This means that maybe the silk was prepared in china, assembled in China or Thailand and shipped across the oceans before it reaches your local store. What is actually happening here is globalization. The flow of trade or business among different nations.

Globalization has been around for more than a decade now and is seen to be continuing for further long time. Not only the revenue generation, but globalization has become quite necessary to business world. Positive effects are many. But negative cling along too.

There have been many conflicts between people supporting the positivity of globalization, as well as the negativity of it. When looked closely, both of them seem to make sense. Following are explained some of the positive and negative effects of globalization.

Positive Effects of Globalization:

• For the developing countries, globalization induces knowledge into the western society about the issues taking place here. This accounts for a better opportunity to improve the economy of such developing countries by improving their standard of living.
• Globalization directly benefits the end customers because the competition witnesses and increase in business. This leads companies to lower their prices which proves to be beneficial for the common man.
• Due to globalization, the media coverage in developing countries increases, resulting in drawing attention of the world to the human rights violations. Human rights can then be improved and protected because of this.
• The competition at the global levels directly gives space for the creativity factor to increase and promotes innovation as a whole. The prices for the various services and commodities can also be kept under check in this way.
• Developing countries are able to reap the benefits of current technology without undergoing many of the growing pains associated with development of these technologies.
• Increased cooperation and improved interactions helps the governments to be able to work together towards common goals.
• With the help of globalization, a greater access to foreign culture in the form of movies, music, food, clothing etc. can be pursued. This only increases the number of choices and of course, the awareness of what is going on around the world.

Negative Effects of Globalization:

• On the negative side, the benefits of globalization are not able to reach everyone equally. The poor tends to getting poorer while the rich tends to get richer.
• The concept of Outsourcing which is associated with the globalization is responsible for providing jobs to the population of one country. However, on the dark side, it takes away those jobs from another country. This leaves many people out without even giving them a chance.
• Due to increased interaction through globalization among the different countries, the ideas and innovations of one tends to influence the other. This results in everything getting mixed up, making the individual countries lose their own specific culture and tradition.
• Globalization inevitably triggers the chance of a disease spreading worldwide. This could include any invasive species that may end up resulting dreadful for the non-native ecosystems.
• Talking about the international regulation, there is little, or none. This can have a very negative effect on the safety of people and the environment of a nation if taken in the wrong hands.
• Large fast food firms such as Dominos and Mcdonalds seem to be spreading their franchisee in all parts of the world. This is as a result of the globalization which creates all kinds of negative effects on people’s health. Nations not familiar with such junk type gets easy access to it and end up deteriorating their well-being.

When seen in different contexts, the globalization can prove itself to be a boost for a developing country economy or it can prove to be harmful in certain cases. However, if some specific and strict international regulations can be set up and followed, then the negative effects of this can be taken down to a level where they can be controlled.

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Globalization: Positive and Negative Effects

There are several changes in the society from time immemorial. As a result, many nations have improved their economic and social administrations to greater heights. This advancement changes a country’s technology, military, and economy. In definition, globalization is a broader term that covers not only the economical sector but also the social administration of nations. Globalization is the combination and exchange of cultural and economical ideologies. This exchange brings various features like harmony between nations, developing the economy, and creating a new world that connects. This connection is a result of global network systems that ease communication, transport of labor and goods, and enhance the growth of trade. Therefore, globalization does not only have positive effects on economy, social and cultural fabrics but also there are negative effects which need to be discussed.

Globalization is made up of several important elements. These elements are broken into three areas, namely, economic, culture and individual. Strictness in the management of how capital flows, has been in the recent past led to supremacy of international traders. This flow is well managed by commerce related financial markets and broad-based corporations around the globe. They have an upper hand from various intercontinental organizations like the international Monetary Fund and the World Bank (Dollahite, 2005). Hence, there is monopoly, control of gross domestic product, and capital sharing through Commerce. Culturally, it has been critically referred to as a tool that assimilates the national expressive ideas adopted by firms like McDonalds. Individually, globalization endorses customer values that have taste and preference.

From the above brief definition of globalization there is a two sided feature of it. That is, it has the importance of being positive and negative on politics, economy, culture, and social aspects. Here are some of the negative implications of globalization. The United States has a large control of food processing and dispatch systems due to its efficient economic status. France has a low profile on this junk food culture, because of her first class healthy living. However, it has become a victim of junk food from the United States. This adoption of unhealthy lifestyle has made nutritionists to note a drastic change in the health of people. This is a negative impact on the culture and health of citizens as a result of globalization (Dollahite, 2005).

Secondly, globalization brings economic development in a country. Like in the Agrarian revolution, present technological milestone has kept a country like China in the public interest of advanced machinery (Knickerbocker, 2004). However, these technologies have not guaranteed the foremost reason of globalization which is unification of the continent. Hence, it does not bring the idea of a ‘global village’. Social, political, and economical status of countries differ in high percentages. That is, the developed, developing, and underdeveloped countries have different standards. There is brain-drain and outsourcing of young laborers from other countries by countries like United States and Britain. There is rivalry of industries and unfavorable competition because of political power sought by the countries. This competition shows dissimilarity instead of unification.

Contrary, there are positive effects of globalization as discussed below. First, due to economic improvement there is a fast mode of knowledge transfer. In recent studies, knowledge in economy, health and technology have spread through many countries and eased the exchange of factual information. Globalization presents useful innovation tools in fields like communication and transport to quickly relay information. The political and social integration of countries in a common language has improved the relay of useful information. Stock exchange knowledge has improved the economic perspectives of investors. Also, aid food and Western antibiotics knowledge has been exchanged in the global village thus saving and improving life. There is a global constitution that seems to govern global citizens. Through the advanced technology of the internet, bodies like the United Nations keep an eye on crimes committed. Unification and integration of countries gives the idea of peaceful and harmonious lives of individuals. This gives them ample time to carry on with their everyday jobs. This is a chance given to the United Nations by globalization to prevent wars and potential atrocities to humans (Lehmer, 2002).

Lastly, globalization has improved the economic status of nations. For example, in the industrial sector, there is free movement of goods and essential material that help the developing countries to make significant profit (Lehmer, 2002). These financial markets give room to traders to save and discover investment opportunities. The raw materials and finished products are exchanged through a global market which improves the gross domestic product and individual income ration. Various companies have merged and boosted each other. Some have been privatized. Important gadgets like mobile phones have eased communication and provided job opportunities thus improving economic status. Hence, this reduces rivalry that may result in political uproar. In addition, all this superb industrial activities zero down to improved infrastructure, better health care, and improved economic standards due to a high income (Knickerbocker, 2004).

In conclusion, this paper gives a systematic approach on globalization. That is, globalization as an approach to unify the world or a genie to be set out of the bottle. The effectiveness of globalization has been discussed and the negative implications highlighted. Therefore, one is able to find that globalization does not only have positive effects on economy, social and cultural fabrics but also there are negative effects which need to be discussed.

Dollahite, N. E. & Haun, J. (2005 ). Source work: Academic Writing from Sources. New York: Houghton Mifflin Co.

Knickerbocker, B. (2004). If poor get richer, does world see progress? The Christian Science Monitor , 17(1), 8.

Lehmer, A. & Phelan-Caceres, J. (2002). Bucking the corporate future. Earth Island Journal, 16 (4), 11.

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IELTS Essay, topic: the positive and the negative sides of globalization

• IELTS Essays - Band 8

Even though globalization affects the world’s economies in a positive way, its negative side should not be forgotten. Discuss.

In the present age, globalization is playing an increasingly important role in our lives. But in the meantime whether it is a blessing or a curse has sparked a heated debate. Some people argue that globalization has a fundamentally beneficial influence on our lives, while many others contend that it has a detrimental effect as well.

Admittedly, the profit driven side of globalization has severely affected young people. Today, in the metropolises in different countries, it is very common to see teenagers wearing NIKE T-shirts and Adidas footwear, playing Hip-Hop music on Apple iPods and eating at KFC. The culture that took a thousand years to form just seems similar in these cities; it seems as though you can only distinguish them by their language. Meanwhile, in some developing countries, sweat workshops are always a concerning issue. For instance, reports show that some teenagers employed by NIKE’s contractors work in smelly factories over 14 hours a day, but are only paid fifty cents per hour.

To sum up, I would concede that globalization does come with some adverse effects. Despite that fact, benefits created by it far outweigh the disadvantages. Overall, I am convinced that we should further promote globalization and meanwhile the local government should take measures to combat culture assimilation and sweat workshops.

This essay is extremely long (338 words instead of the advised 250-265). It has a sound structure, your position is clearly expressed, the information is well-organized, and structure-wise the sentences are fine. The vocabulary is impressive and there were only a few grammatical errors (see comments underlined in blue). Overall, this seems to be a band 7.5 + essay.

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2 thoughts on “IELTS Essay, topic: the positive and the negative sides of globalization”

Pingback:  IELTS Essay Samples of Band 8 | IELTS-Blog

Dear Sir/Madam, You are doing a fantastic job for the students who want to learn the ropes of IELTS examination and methodologies to approach the exam very efficiently. Could you please rate my essay if you have free time? The world is experiencing a dramatic increase in population causing problems not only for poor, undeveloped countries, but also for industrialism and developing nations. Describe some of the problems that overpopulation cause and suggest at least one possible solution.

Almost all countries in the universe face a remarkable population growth in the recent times especially in the past 10 years. As a consequence, all nations regardless of their wealth and development are in risk to experience manifold concerns created by over populace. Some of the significant and thorny issues include provision of basic amenities with other facilities to citizens would become abstruse for a country because of tremendous raise in population. Few recommended practices to efficiently address this critical problem are also highlighted in this order. .

To initialize, overpopulation is one of the major ills that needs to be tackled by a country with utmost sincerity as it causes various problems harshly deteriorating its growth and advancement. For instance, in India, a developing country, the population enhanced from 90 millions in the financial year 2010 to 110 millions in the year 2011 due to which Indian government had to ensure that every citizen receives amenities such as food, shelter, sufficient medical facilities, transport and schooling. In order to achieve this, India has spent nearly 95% of its revenues to the above services alone and therefore it was unable to fund its own industries or new companies thereby yielding a very low growth of 8% against the estimated rate of growth 14% for that year. Even a well developed country like USA could not achieve its planned annual development with laden of more people born minute after minute. In case of poor countries, the conditions will be the worst as they are running out of money for their basic amenities, they will suffer a lot.

Moreover, a country has to provide pollution free environment and job opportunities to the people to maintain the human development index. Particularly, in developing countries like South Africa, the competition for acquiring employment will be rough and tough and eventually unemployment will increase which in turn harm the growth dragging it from worse to worst level. In addition, the wastes and garbage produced by people are to be properly handled by the government in order to avoid environmental pollution which again needs more funds and it will be impossible for non-developed countries to allocate finance to this task. Hence, it is clear that government has to strive hard to buckle down to offer good environment with employment chances to its entire people.

As far as the solutions are concerned, some of the best strategies to deal with this issue are to encourage the people who undertake family planning operations after their second child besides diminishing the social and governmental benefits to the people having many children. For example, people who take family planning should be applauded with many benefits such as some cash prizes, waiver in transportation through government buses and free education to their children. Though this tactic costs an arm and a leg to the government initially, it would an effective way for a long-run. Secondly, with the advent of new scheme, people who will give more births to children will not be entitled to enjoy governmental benefits like free medical facilities to their older family members, educational scholarship for first graduate of their family or the assistance should be reduced to some extent. Furthermore, it is also expected to receive excellent cooperation from its citizens to produce fruitful outcomes of this plan, because a good government is unable to succeed without responsible people paddling their own canoes. Thus, all these approaches are recommended to prevent the disaster rather than combat the adverse effects once they rose as prevention is always better than cure.

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Positive Effects Of Globalization Essay Sample

It’s not uncommon to hear people say that globalization is a negative thing. Globalization has been proven to have both positive and negative effects on the world. globalization has had a positive effect on the U.S. because it strengthens ties with other nations for trade opportunities and creates jobs by importing products made in other countries into our country. In this essay, we’ll explore some of these effects and show you how they can potentially benefit you in your life.

• Essay Example on Positive Effects Of Globalization
• Introduction of Positive Effects Of Globalization Essay
• Few of the essential features of globalization
• Some of the positive effects of globalization on business
• Positive effects of globalization on workers

Essay Example on Positive Effects Of Globalization

Introduction of Positive Effects Of Globalization Essay The process of integrating national economies on an international level is referred to as globalization. Globalization is a process where different cultures meet, their thoughts come together, and the people agree to receive others views, and the world becomes small, and its outcome is seen in all prospects of life. It is quite evident that the principal constituents accountable for the present-day state of globalization are the tremendous developments and innovations in telecommunications and transportation. Main Body of Positive Effects Of Globalization Essay Few of the essential features of globalization In the way of the globalization of business, there are numerous hindrances. Protection of the domestic markets is the most powerful among them. But with the advancements in communication and transportation systems, the event of globalization is impossible to stop. Globalization of business directs to economic globalization. With the globalization of business and exchange of goods and services, technology and investments it becomes sure to come about for various nations’ administrations to pull through and maintain in the long run. For the production and sale of goods and sourcing human resources, these organizations serve the whole world as a business space. This has driven to the Economic advancement of many third-world countries that have begun up their economies.  The advancement of marketplaces also enhanced the purchasing capability of the nations and various activities such as tourism driving to the leading to the advancement of tourists. Get Non-Plagiarized Custom Essay on Positive Effects Of Globalization in USA Order Now Some of the positive effects of globalization on business Globalization has brought adverse as well as positive effects in the developed countries. The positive effects of globalization include a number of factors which are education, technology, trade, competition, capital flows and investments, culture and organization structure, and employment. It would be somewhat difficult to discuss the scope of the positives that globalization has had on the world at large. However, still, there are remarkable positive effects of globalization and the positive influences they have had on so several demographic sections of society. Trade opportunities- for importing and exporting products and services, the globalization of business processes and acceptable behaviour opens up new possibilities. The step-by-step merge of business etiquette helps to facilitate business communication as well. Issues, such as speaking distance, handshaking, body language, and taboo topics of voice communication are beginning to lose their power as probable deal breakers as business people around the world study and know each other’s cultural standards. Natural advantages-  Gaining admittance to markets around the world allows each country to invest its unique natural advantages fully. A built-in power is an edge that will enable countries in particular geographic regions to produce specific products or commodities at a lower cost or higher quality than others. Without international trade, natural benefits do not add much to the economy. Economic development- By allowing admittance to new markets around the world globalization furnishes new opportunities to underdeveloped nations. During the twentieth century and into the twenty-first China and India have driven the wave of globalization. Procurement and outsourcing- The opening up of global markets and improvements in inter-cultural communication creates a wealth of possibilities to source high-quality, low-cost materials and work. Outsourcing is when less expensive; the foreign worker is used for activities traditionally performed at home. Buy Customized Essay on Positive Effects Of Globalization At Cheapest Price Order Now Positive effects of globalization on workers Enhanced their standard of living-  The globalization of markets has committed to the development of international businesses. The need for goods exercised by people has step by step increased, and companies have expanded their production to other states. Professional ambitiousness-  With the process of globalization, the employees in developing countries are becoming more cognizant of the benefit of acquiring an education. Many of the workers are registering in universities while continuing with their professional development. People are becoming more knowledgeable and also engaging themselves in educational activities such as seminars, workshops and training sessions to be more employable. Social knowingness-  Workers also gain consciousness of their rights and obligations through the process of globalization of communication. Because of their origin immigrants in the developed nations have often been ill-treated and discriminated against by their employers.

Conclusion With the increasing process of globalization on business, it is necessary for people to have knowledge about how they will be affected by this trend in business. It is also essential to understand the positive and negative effects of globalization on business so that people can work towards making our world a better place. The advantages of globalization are plenty but its major drawback is that it puts more pressure on the environment as the production processes are being shifted across nations, where large quantities of energy resources are used. This has left behind an adverse impact on the environment which cannot be reversed easily. Globalization is like a double-edged sword that needs to be carefully handled in today’s fast-changing economy. Hire USA Experts for Positive Effects Of Globalization Essay Order Now

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The essay has gone through the positive impacts of globalization on businesses and workers.

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Essay Sample: What are the Positive and Negative Effects of Globalization?

21 January, 2020

11 minutes read

Author:  Kate Smith

When we talk about globalization, many people don’t seem to realize is that it’s not actually a man-made phenomenon but rather we evolved into these conditions. We live in a globally interconnected world that is mutually complementing. Because countries have always been interdependent, we cannot reverse the process of globalization. To have a thorough understanding of its effects, one must take a closer look at the different areas of society that are affected by this process.

What is globalization?

It is a process of interaction and integration where people, businesses, and governments of different countries come into increasing contact with one another. It is the growing interdependence of the world’s societies. This process is driven technology, international trade, and investment, and it has its impact on the environment, culture, economic development, political systems, and the general well-being of humans.

When did globalization start?

Globalization has affected people and communities across the globe and it has become a controversial issue that is widely debated in the public sphere. Depending on the interpretation of this phenomena, some historians argue that at least some form of globalization has been in existence since the trading between Sumer and the Indus Valley Civilization during the Bronze Age in the 3rd millennium BC. If we adopt a stricter definition of the concept, globalization started in the 15th century when Portugal and Castile sent the first exploratory voyages to the Cape of Good Hope and the Americas.

The history of globalization can thus be divided into three periods:

• 1.0 which spanned from 1492 to 1800 and involved the globalization of countries
• 2.0 from 1800 to 2000 which involved the globalization of companies
• 3.0 which started from 2000 until the present day and involves the globalization of individuals

Today, it has become a buzzword with mostly positive connotations such as the increase in the exchange of knowledge, trade, and capital around the globe that are driven by technological innovations such as shipping containers and more recently the internet. Globalization is considered to enrich the world both culturally and scientifically as well as benefit most people economically. The United Nations has gone as far as to predict that this process may have the power to eliminate poverty in the 21st century.

Related Post: Essay sample:  Taoism vs Buddhism 

Negative effects of globalization

But not everyone agrees with the positive impact of globalization. It has received harsh criticism, in particular from those who oppose the free market economy. The likes of Joseph Stiglitz and Ha-Joong Chan have claimed that globalization doesn’t reduce poverty but in fact preserves it. Even the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has stated that the introduction of new technology and investment of foreign capital in the developing countries may have increased the level of inequality. According to IMF, only a relatively small number of countries are enjoying the benefits of globalization. And the negative effects have been observed in developed countries as well. This mainly concerns companies that have moved their production to cheaper countries, a phenomenon that has resulted in a negative impact on employment in developed countries. The question that arises is whether the benefits outweigh these disadvantages.

What are the drivers of globalization?

In general, three factors have been identified as the main drivers of this process:

Technology has a special role in the globalization process. Many believe that technology is the number one driver behind it, making easier for people, goods, and ideas to move across borders. The development of transportation technology, for example, has made it possible to move vast amounts of products and people in a short period of time. Automation enabled an increase in the production and flow of goods and services, while telecommunications allowed people to exchange information in a matter of seconds. The effect of trade is mainly based on its ability to strengthen interdependence between different countries. In today’s world, it has become almost impossible to be completely self-sufficient. The global marketplace was built by eliminating trade barriers and reducing restrictions on foreign investment. But it was the international investment that drove globalization by increasing economic integration. Many countries have experienced the benefits of international investments, namely foreign direct investments, commercial loans, and foreign portfolio investments. These have created new companies, jobs, and sources of income.

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Positive effects of globalization

If we look at the positive effects of globalization, there are four main benefits that it has brought us, and many people tend to take them for granted.

Main benefits of globalization:

• Increased competition
• Higher-quality products and services
• Efficient markets
• Stabilized security

The current level of competition in the market is one obvious result of globalization. Competition on a global scale leads to products and services of higher quality. When customers have more options to choose from, their demands also tend to grow, and companies have to react to these new expectations. Domestic companies who wish to survive in the market have to increase their standards to satisfy their customers and be on par with foreign competitors. In addition to increased competition, globalization has generated more efficient markets and stabilized security. Every market should strive to be efficient. In general, the market is efficient when there is an equilibrium between what buyers are willing to pay and what sellers are willing to sell for their goods and services. If companies can improve the way they produce a good or service by outsourcing their processes or by buying from a supplier that offers a discount, they can then lower their prices which increases demand and affordability. And even if some companies choose not to lower prices, they can reallocate these additional profits to increasing their employee’s wages or investing in expansion. Because in our globalized world countries depend on each other, they are unlikely to attack one another. In this way, the economic interdependence of globalization has resulted in stabilized security. In the same process, human rights have been improved. There is now wider media coverage and attention from all over the world when violations of these rights emerge.

Effects on developing countries

While economists don’t agree on the impact of globalization on inequality, it’s impossible to find examples of developing countries that were able to grow over a long period of time without opening up to trade. Globalization itself cannot be held responsible for the poverty in the developing world. It has more to do with poor governance and economic policies and ineffective reforms. There is also no evidence that trade can increase poverty or reduce growth. In contrast, when countries open up to trade, their growth tends to accelerate and their standards of living tend to increase. The benefits of the growth in developed countries also trickle down to the poor countries. However, it’s not always so simple to pinpoint how exactly the developing countries have benefited. This is because globalization has such a large-scale impact on different levels, changing, for example, technology and the macroeconomic conditions. There is also no data available about the general well-being of people in these countries.

Effects on developed countries

When it comes to the social effects of globalization, one must look at the environmental damage, insecurity of the job market, and fluctuating prices. Globalization leads to increased production which means increased utilization of natural resources. More trade also means increased transport and using more fossil fuels. All of this creates pollution and accelerates climate change which has become a serious threat to humanity. The increased competition in the markets has resulted in a fluctuation in prices. Developed countries have been forced to reduce their prices in order to remain competitive against countries such as China which can produce the same goods for a fraction of the cost. Globalization has also changed the job market, and now jobs in the global economy are more insecure and temporary. This has mostly affected developed countries where companies can outsource some of their processes, especially manufacturing but increasingly also functions such as customer support. As a result, many people in the western part of the world are losing their jobs. Globalization has pervaded cultures, too. Some claim that it has caused a loss of cultural boundaries. The increased interaction of western cultures with local cultures in developing countries has led to the melting of previously existing cultural barriers. The negative outcome is that the individuality of these local cultures starts to fade.

Based on this analysis of both positive and negative effects, it has become evident that globalization is a complex process that has large-scale impacts on both developing and developed countries. The positive side of it has to do with the efficiencies and opportunities that open markets create. Companies can sell their products in distant markets with the same ease as in their home countries. It also allows money to flow easily across borders and increases aggregate demand, thus resulting in substantial income growth. On the other hand, all of this creates new risks and uncertainties as markets become more integrated and competition is more intense. Prices and profits also experience more fluctuations and companies find themselves under constant pressure from new competitors and with no or little pricing power. While some of these effects pose serious challenges, globalization is not a phenomenon that can be reversed. We live in an interconnected world where countries depend on each other.

• Bhasin, H. (2017): “What is globalization? What are the positives and negatives of Globalization?” Marketing 91. https://www.marketing91.com/what-is-globalization/
• eNotes: (2018) “What are the drivers of globalization?” https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-four-drivers-globalisation-362631
• Kuepper, J. (2018): “The Impact of Globalization on Economic Growth.” The Balance. https://www.thebalance.com/globalization-and-its-impact-on-economic-growth-1978843
• London, C. R. (2013): “When did globalization start?” The Economist. https://www.economist.com/free-exchange/2013/09/23/when-did-globalisation-start
• Mourdoukotas, P. (2011): “The Good, The Bad, And The Ugly Side Of Globalization.”
• Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/panosmourdoukoutas/2011/09/10/the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly-side-of-globalization/#594d8386483f
• Pavcnik, N. (2009): “How has globalization benefited the poor?” Yale Insights. https://insights.som.yale.edu/insights/how-has-globalization-benefited-the-poor
• Skonieczny, A. (2010): “Interrupting Inevitability: Globalization and Resistance.” Sage Journals. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/030437541003500101

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4 Effects of Globalization on the Environment

• 15 Apr 2021

Globalization —defined in the online course Global Business as the increased flow of goods, services, capital, people, and ideas across international boundaries—has brought many changes in its wake.

While globalization can positively and negatively impact society, its effect on the environment is primarily negative. Here’s a breakdown of how globalization impacts society and the environment and what business leaders can do to reduce these negative consequences.

How Does Globalization Affect Society?

The world has become more connected than ever before through the increase in technological advancements and economic integrations. Advanced economies are formed as domestic businesses transform into international ones and further contribute to the spread of technology around the world.

There are several benefits of globalization , such as increased international trade and cooperation and less international aggression. Social globalization —the sharing of ideas and information between countries—has led to innovation in the medical, technological, and environmental preservation industries.

Additionally, globalization has improved the quality of life in several developing nations. This includes implementing efficient transportation systems and ensuring accessibility to services such as education and healthcare.

However, globalization can also have negative effects on society, such as increased income inequality and substandard working conditions in developing countries that produce goods for wealthier nations. Income inequality is directly related to globalization as it further increases the gap between more advanced and developing areas of a nation. As a result, it can also increase the risk of societal violence.

Along with its societal effects, globalization has a lasting impact on the environment—and typically not a positive one.

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What Are the Effects of Globalization on the Environment?

1. Increased Transport of Goods

One of the primary results of globalization is that it opens businesses up to new markets in which they can sell goods and source labor, raw materials, and components.

Both of these realities mean finished products travel farther now than ever before—potentially halfway around the globe. In the past, products were more likely to be produced, sold, and consumed locally. This increased transport of goods can impact the environment in several ways, including:

• Increased emissions: The farther a product travels, the more fuel is consumed, and a greater level of greenhouse gas emissions is produced. According to a report by the International Transport Forum , CO2 emissions from transport will increase 16 percent by 2050. These emissions contribute to pollution, climate change , and ocean acidification around the world and have been shown to significantly impact biodiversity.
• Habitat destruction: Transportation—especially when land-based—requires infrastructure like roads and bridges. The development of such infrastructure can lead to issues including habitat loss and pollution. The more ships that travel by sea, the greater the chances for major oil spills or leaks that damage the delicate marine environment.
• Invasive species: Every shipping container and vessel presents an opportunity for a living organism—from plants to animals to fungus—to hitch a ride to a new location where it can become invasive and grow without checks and balances that might be present in its natural environment.

2. Economic Specialization

One often-overlooked side effect of globalization is that it allows nations and geographical regions to focus on their economic strengths while relying on trading partners for goods they don’t produce themselves. This economic specialization often boosts productivity and efficiency.

Unfortunately, overspecialization can threaten forest health and lead to serious environmental issues, often in the form of habitat loss, deforestation, or natural resource overuse. A few examples include:

• Illegal deforestation in Brazil due to an increase in the country’s cattle ranching operations, which requires significant land for grazing
• Overfishing in coastal areas that include Southeast Asia, which has significantly contributed to reduced fish populations and oceanic pollution
• Overdependence on cash crops, such as coffee, cacao, and various fruits, which has contributed to habitat loss, especially in tropical climates

It’s worth considering that globalization has allowed some nations to specialize in producing various energy commodities, such as oil, natural gas, and timber. Nations that depend on energy sales to fund a large portion of their national budgets, along with those that note “energy security” as a priority, are more likely to take intervening actions in the market in the form of subsidies or laws that make transitioning to renewable energy more difficult.

The main byproduct of these energy sources comes in the form of greenhouse gas emissions, which significantly contribute to global warming and climate change.

3. Decreased Biodiversity

Increased greenhouse gas emissions, ocean acidification, deforestation (and other forms of habitat loss or destruction), climate change, and the introduction of invasive species all work to reduce biodiversity around the globe.

According to the World Wildlife Fund’s recent Living Planet Report , the population sizes of all organisms—including mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, and reptiles—have decreased 68 percent since 1970. Latin America and Africa—two rapidly developing regions important to global trade—have seen disproportionate levels of biodiversity loss, especially among environmentally sensitive fish, reptiles, and amphibians.

While this decrease in biodiversity has many causes, it’s widely believed that the issues listed above have contributed in part.

4. Increased Awareness

While many of globalization’s environmental effects have been negative, its increase has heightened environmental awareness worldwide.

Greater connectivity and higher rates of international travel have made it easier than ever for individuals to see the effects of deforestation, habitat loss, and climate change on the environment. This, in turn, has contributed to new laws, regulations, and processes that limit negative effects.

Globalization as a Threat and an Opportunity

Globalization has allowed society to enjoy many benefits, including increased global cooperation, reduced risk of global conflict, and lower prices for goods and commodities. Unfortunately, it’s also led to serious negative effects on the environment.

Since it isn’t feasible for globalization to end or reverse, it’s likely the situation will worsen until nations, governing bodies, and other organizations are compelled to implement laws and regulations that limit negative effects.

Businesses and industries that operate globally have an incentive to take whatever voluntary actions they can to reduce the potential for negative consequences. Doing so can not only provide an organization greater control over its initiatives, but also a powerful marketing and communication tool .

Some ways businesses address climate change include:

• Transitioning to renewable energy sources
• Choosing greener infrastructures or equipment
• Reducing energy consumption
• Creating credible climate transition plans
• Raising awareness among employees

In addition, investing in renewable energy and packaging, embracing responsible land-use management, and shifting goods production to move closer to the end customer are all viable options that businesses can and should consider. The challenge lies in balancing a desire to embrace corporate social responsibility with the need to turn a profit and run a successful business.

Are you interested in breaking into a global market? Sharpen your knowledge of the international business world with our four-week Global Business course. In addition, explore our Business and Climate Change course to help your organization adapt to and embrace business risks and opportunities created by climate change, as well as our other online courses related to business in society .

This post was updated on February 28, 2024. It was originally published on April 15, 2021.

About the Author

The Effects of Climate Change

The effects of human-caused global warming are happening now, are irreversible for people alive today, and will worsen as long as humans add greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.

• We already see effects scientists predicted, such as the loss of sea ice, melting glaciers and ice sheets, sea level rise, and more intense heat waves.
• Scientists predict global temperature increases from human-made greenhouse gases will continue. Severe weather damage will also increase and intensify.

Earth Will Continue to Warm and the Effects Will Be Profound

Global climate change is not a future problem. Changes to Earth’s climate driven by increased human emissions of heat-trapping greenhouse gases are already having widespread effects on the environment: glaciers and ice sheets are shrinking, river and lake ice is breaking up earlier, plant and animal geographic ranges are shifting, and plants and trees are blooming sooner.

Effects that scientists had long predicted would result from global climate change are now occurring, such as sea ice loss, accelerated sea level rise, and longer, more intense heat waves.

The magnitude and rate of climate change and associated risks depend strongly on near-term mitigation and adaptation actions, and projected adverse impacts and related losses and damages escalate with every increment of global warming.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Some changes (such as droughts, wildfires, and extreme rainfall) are happening faster than scientists previously assessed. In fact, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) — the United Nations body established to assess the science related to climate change — modern humans have never before seen the observed changes in our global climate, and some of these changes are irreversible over the next hundreds to thousands of years.

Scientists have high confidence that global temperatures will continue to rise for many decades, mainly due to greenhouse gases produced by human activities.

The IPCC’s Sixth Assessment report, published in 2021, found that human emissions of heat-trapping gases have already warmed the climate by nearly 2 degrees Fahrenheit (1.1 degrees Celsius) since 1850-1900. 1 The global average temperature is expected to reach or exceed 1.5 degrees C (about 3 degrees F) within the next few decades. These changes will affect all regions of Earth.

The severity of effects caused by climate change will depend on the path of future human activities. More greenhouse gas emissions will lead to more climate extremes and widespread damaging effects across our planet. However, those future effects depend on the total amount of carbon dioxide we emit. So, if we can reduce emissions, we may avoid some of the worst effects.

The scientific evidence is unequivocal: climate change is a threat to human wellbeing and the health of the planet. Any further delay in concerted global action will miss the brief, rapidly closing window to secure a liveable future.

Here are some of the expected effects of global climate change on the United States, according to the Third and Fourth National Climate Assessment Reports:

Future effects of global climate change in the United States:

U.S. Sea Level Likely to Rise 1 to 6.6 Feet by 2100

Global sea level has risen about 8 inches (0.2 meters) since reliable record-keeping began in 1880. By 2100, scientists project that it will rise at least another foot (0.3 meters), but possibly as high as 6.6 feet (2 meters) in a high-emissions scenario. Sea level is rising because of added water from melting land ice and the expansion of seawater as it warms. Image credit: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0

Climate Changes Will Continue Through This Century and Beyond

Global climate is projected to continue warming over this century and beyond. Image credit: Khagani Hasanov, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0

Hurricanes Will Become Stronger and More Intense

Scientists project that hurricane-associated storm intensity and rainfall rates will increase as the climate continues to warm. Image credit: NASA

More Droughts and Heat Waves

Droughts in the Southwest and heat waves (periods of abnormally hot weather lasting days to weeks) are projected to become more intense, and cold waves less intense and less frequent. Image credit: NOAA

Longer Wildfire Season

Warming temperatures have extended and intensified wildfire season in the West, where long-term drought in the region has heightened the risk of fires. Scientists estimate that human-caused climate change has already doubled the area of forest burned in recent decades. By around 2050, the amount of land consumed by wildfires in Western states is projected to further increase by two to six times. Even in traditionally rainy regions like the Southeast, wildfires are projected to increase by about 30%.

Changes in Precipitation Patterns

Climate change is having an uneven effect on precipitation (rain and snow) in the United States, with some locations experiencing increased precipitation and flooding, while others suffer from drought. On average, more winter and spring precipitation is projected for the northern United States, and less for the Southwest, over this century. Image credit: Marvin Nauman/FEMA

Frost-Free Season (and Growing Season) will Lengthen

The length of the frost-free season, and the corresponding growing season, has been increasing since the 1980s, with the largest increases occurring in the western United States. Across the United States, the growing season is projected to continue to lengthen, which will affect ecosystems and agriculture.

Global Temperatures Will Continue to Rise

Summer of 2023 was Earth's hottest summer on record, 0.41 degrees Fahrenheit (F) (0.23 degrees Celsius (C)) warmer than any other summer in NASA’s record and 2.1 degrees F (1.2 C) warmer than the average summer between 1951 and 1980. Image credit: NASA

Arctic Is Very Likely to Become Ice-Free

Sea ice cover in the Arctic Ocean is expected to continue decreasing, and the Arctic Ocean will very likely become essentially ice-free in late summer if current projections hold. This change is expected to occur before mid-century.

U.S. Regional Effects

Climate change is bringing different types of challenges to each region of the country. Some of the current and future impacts are summarized below. These findings are from the Third 3 and Fourth 4 National Climate Assessment Reports, released by the U.S. Global Change Research Program .

• Northeast. Heat waves, heavy downpours, and sea level rise pose increasing challenges to many aspects of life in the Northeast. Infrastructure, agriculture, fisheries, and ecosystems will be increasingly compromised. Farmers can explore new crop options, but these adaptations are not cost- or risk-free. Moreover, adaptive capacity , which varies throughout the region, could be overwhelmed by a changing climate. Many states and cities are beginning to incorporate climate change into their planning.
• Northwest. Changes in the timing of peak flows in rivers and streams are reducing water supplies and worsening competing demands for water. Sea level rise, erosion, flooding, risks to infrastructure, and increasing ocean acidity pose major threats. Increasing wildfire incidence and severity, heat waves, insect outbreaks, and tree diseases are causing widespread forest die-off.
• Southeast. Sea level rise poses widespread and continuing threats to the region’s economy and environment. Extreme heat will affect health, energy, agriculture, and more. Decreased water availability will have economic and environmental impacts.
• Midwest. Extreme heat, heavy downpours, and flooding will affect infrastructure, health, agriculture, forestry, transportation, air and water quality, and more. Climate change will also worsen a range of risks to the Great Lakes.
• Southwest. Climate change has caused increased heat, drought, and insect outbreaks. In turn, these changes have made wildfires more numerous and severe. The warming climate has also caused a decline in water supplies, reduced agricultural yields, and triggered heat-related health impacts in cities. In coastal areas, flooding and erosion are additional concerns.

1. IPCC 2021, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis , the Working Group I contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

2. IPCC, 2013: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.

3. USGCRP 2014, Third Climate Assessment .

4. USGCRP 2017, Fourth Climate Assessment .

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A Degree of Difference

So, the Earth's average temperature has increased about 2 degrees Fahrenheit during the 20th century. What's the big deal?

What’s the difference between climate change and global warming?

“Global warming” refers to the long-term warming of the planet. “Climate change” encompasses global warming, but refers to the broader range of changes that are happening to our planet, including rising sea levels; shrinking mountain glaciers; accelerating ice melt in Greenland, Antarctica and the Arctic; and shifts in flower/plant blooming times.

Is it too late to prevent climate change?

Humans have caused major climate changes to happen already, and we have set in motion more changes still. However, if we stopped emitting greenhouse gases today, the rise in global temperatures would begin to flatten within a few years. Temperatures would then plateau but remain well-elevated for many, many centuries.

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