phd entrepreneurship canada

• Telfer School of Management
• University of Ottawa
• Quick Links Directory Career Centre Telfer Knowledge Hub Research Office Upcoming Events Our Community IT Support Management Library Financial Research and Learning Lab Telfer Store uoZone Campus Maps The Telfer Brand Contact us
• About Overview › About Telfer Word from the Leadership Team Vision, Mission and Values Our pillars for a Better Canada Strategic Plan 2022-2025 Equity, Diversity and Inclusion at Telfer Our History About Ian Telfer Our Community Dean's Annual Review 2022-2023 Our Partnerships Governance Accreditations and Rankings Our Facilities The Desmarais Building The Centre for Executive Leadership Leadership Strategic Leadership Cabinet Health Programs Advisory Board Executives in Residence News and Events Telfer Knowledge Hub Calendar of Events Contact Contact us Directory
• Programs Programs Overview › Undergraduate › BCom — Bachelor of Commerce BCom + MSc MGT (with Research Project) Microprogram Capital Markets Microprogram Management Consulting Microprogram Entrepreneurship Undergraduate Certificates Graduate › MBA — Master of Business Administration MHA — Master of Health Administration MSc MGT — Master of Science in Management MSc HS — Master of Science in Health Systems PhD — Doctorate in Management Graduate Diplomas › CPA — Graduate Diploma in Chartered Professional Accountancy CPL — Graduate Diploma in Complex Project Leadership Executive › EMBA — Executive Master of Business Administration EMHA — Executive Master of Health Administration Executive Programs Interdisciplinary › Digital Transformation and Innovation Engineering Management Law Population Health Systems Science and Engineering
• Quick Links

• The Program
• Accounting and Control

Entrepreneurship

• Health Systems
• Organizational Behaviour and Human Resources
• Strategy and Organization
• Funding/Tuition
• Current Students
• Our Faculty
• International Students
• Information Sessions

Our Faculty Members

Field courses.

Entrepreneurship reflects the burgeoning of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which account for a disproportionately large share of net job creation and Canada’s economic development, and contribute to the national trade balance when firms expand overseas. Outcomes that are not just related to the creation of new firms – an entrepreneurial orientation can be equally applied to large corporations and public and non-profit sectors where new ideas trigger programs and processes that benefit society as a whole. Entrepreneurship is therefore central to developing effective public policy and educating those engaged in commercialization of technology. All topics are inter-disciplinary in nature, including: the entrepreneurial process and cognition, opportunity recognition, emergence of new firms, intrapreneurship, social entrepreneurship, SME policy and new venture financing.

Here is a list of our current faculty members. We encourage all potential applicants to visit our homepages to learn more about the research we are conducting. Google Scholar and other databases (e.g., ABI/INFORM) are also excellent ways to learn about our publications. We also encourage applicants to contact us personally so that we can ensure the best possible fit for our common research interests.

For information about the PhD program as a whole, please feel free to contact the Graduate Office by e-mail at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. or by phone at 613-562-5884. For information about the Entrepreneurship field, please contact Dr. Evelyn Micelotta .

• David Crick , PhD (Available for co-supervision only)
• Mark Freel , PhD
• Peter Jaskiewicz , PhD (Available for co-supervision only)
• Saouré Kouamé , PhD
• Wadid Lamine , PhD
• Miwako Nitani , PhD (Not accepting new PhD students in 2024-2025)
• Evelyn Micelotta , PhD (Not accepting new PhD students in 2024-2025)
• Barbara Orser , PhD (Not accepting new PhD students in 2024-2025)
• Ana Maria Peredo , PhD
• Ajax Persaud , PhD
• Allan Riding , PhD (Not accepting new PhD students in 2024-2025)
• Sandra Schillo , PhD
• Martine Spence , PhD (Not accepting new PhD students in 2024-2025)
• Madeline Toubiana , PhD
• Hien Tran , PhD
• Stephane Tywoniak , Ph.D.

MGT8104 THEORETICAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP RESEARCH (3 units)

Foundation theories of entrepreneurship are examined, including risk and uncertainty, rationales for enterprise growth, innovation process, opportunity recognition, market behaviour, financing new and growing ventures, and entrepreneurship as a social construction.

MGT8105 ENTREPRENEURSHIP RESEARCH (3 units)

This course focuses on selected topics associated with entrepreneurship research, including internationalization processes, entrepreneurial cognition, feminist entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial marketing, financing enterprise growth, public policy issues and entrepreneurship support, science-based, social and environmental entrepreneurship.

One course chosen from another field (3 units)

For information about the PhD program as a whole, please feel free to contact the Graduate Office.

Email : This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. Phone : 613-562-5884

For information about the research in the Entrepreneurship field , please contact Dr. Evelyn Micelotta

Dr. Evelyn Micelotta 613-562-5800 x 4724 This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

• Our Pillars
• Career Centre
• The Telfer Store
• Management Library
• Financial Research and Learning Lab
• Latest News
• Upcoming Events
• Telfer Knowledge Hub
• Our community

Facebook Instagram Twitter YouTube LinkedIn

© 2024 Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa Policies  |  Emergency Info

PhD in Administration – Management, Strategy and Entrepreneurship

• Tuition fees and Funding
• Students wanted

Would you like to do your PhD in a community of world-renowned researchers? This exciting learning experience will introduce you to university-level research and teaching.

Your PhD in short

• A variety of basic and specialized courses on offer at HEC Montréal’s partner universities: Concordia, McGill and the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM).
• A faculty of over 40 professors specializing in a wide variety of disciplines in the social sciences and administration.
• Option of teaching starting in your second year, after completing a doctoral seminar on teaching methods.
• Full-time program allowing you to complete your studies in four years.
• Tuition fees waived and competitive funding for the four years of your studies.

For a career in academia

of the 124 graduates from this doctoral program hold positions as professors at Canadian or foreign universities. The others are working in the private sector, in government or a parapublic organization.

Teaching excellence is key to success

• Unique expertise in writing and teaching using the case method, supported by the HEC Montréal  Case Management Centre and the International Journal of Case Studies in Management .

Among the best

Our professors win prestigious awards for their research and teaching and are recognized with great distinctions.

• Many professors and students in this specialization have received awards from the Academy of Management .
• Research and papers resulting from professor-student collaboration have received awards from scholarship donors ( Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarships and the Fonds de recherche du Québec – Société et culture (FRQSC) awards , for instance).

“HEC Montréal has given me a stimulating, rigorous and encouraging intellectual environment. I have had a chance to learn from many world-renowned researchers and teachers, on the cutting edge in their fields. I have also had many opportunities to obtain funding and conduct research thanks to the School’s numerous research groups and networks.” Sofiane Baba, PhD student

Varied research interests

• Cognitive processes supporting entrepreneurship, innovation and strategy
• Corporate strategy and top management teams
• Cultural management, social innovation and diversity
• Extreme contexts and developing countries
• Family businesses
• Global innovation networks
• Management of knowledge and innovation
• Management, leadership and change
• Organizational ethics
• Policies and innovations in the public sector
• Social responsibility and sustainable development
• Sociology of organizations
• Sports management
• Strategy, institutions and governance

Our PhD students and candidates

See the list of students in this specialization on Google Scholar

“At HEC Montréal I enjoy the open and diverse environment and rub shoulders with people from all over, with different research interests. The many opportunities for exchanges among professors and students – in a dynamic and friendly setting – certainly help to advance our research.” Joëlle Bissonnette, PhD student

World-class research in management

• Publications in top-tier scientific journals, internationally recognized books and multidisciplinary research groups working on pressing issues for our organizations and society as a whole.

Research chairs

• Chair in Global Innovation Networks , directed by Professor Ekaterina Turkina
• Chair of Management — Strategy and Society , directed by Professor Taïeb Hafsi
• Chair of Succession and Family Enterprise , directed by Professor Isabelle Lebreton-Miller
• Rogers-J.A. Bombardier Chair of Entrepreneurship , directed par Professor Denis Grégoire

Professorships

• Mosaic Research Professorship in Creativity Management: professors Patrick Cohendet and Laurent Simon
• Research Professorship – Management Consulting: professor Alaric Bourgoin
• Research Professorship – Organizational Creativity: professor Marine Agogué
• Research Professorship – Organizational Models and Social Impact: professor Luciano Barin-Cruz
• Research Professorship – Organizational Transformation and Change Management: professor Kevin Johnson

Research groups and knowledge-transfer hubs

• Alphonse and Dorimène Desjardins International Institute for Cooperatives
• Centre d’études en transformation des organisations (CETO) (Centre for research on organizational transformation)
• Center for Research on Organization, Strategy and Governance
• Centre for Research on Social Innovations (CRISES)
• Groupe de recherche en affaires internationales (GRAI; International Business Research Group)
• Mosaic, Creativity and Innovation Hub
• National Bank-HEC Montréal Entrepreneurship Institute
• Observatoire des innovations pédagogiques en gestion (Observatory for management teaching innovations)
• Pierre-Péladeau Center - Leadership and Management , directed by Professor Cyrille Sardais
• Pôle dirigeant, dirigeante et direction stratégique (Top executives and strategic management hub)
• Pôle en gestion des entreprises sociales (IDEOS) (Social business management hub)
• Pôle médias (Media hub)
• Pôle santé HEC Montréal (Healthcare management hub)
• Pôle sports (Sports Hub)
• Strategy as Practice Study Group (GéPS)
• 100% distance
• Côte-des-Neiges
•   Questions about our PHD Program?
•   Download our brochure

Future students, follow us

Share this page

Undergraduate Programs

Select your Academic Level

High School Student

The following programs are available to high school students seeking admission to Beedie School of Business:

Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA Major)

College / University Student

The following programs are available to students interested in transferring from a different College or University:

SFU Student

The following programs are available to current Beedie undergraduate students or SFU students in a faculty other than business:

BBA Joint Major

Dual Degree with Mechatronics

Business Minor

Business Certificates

Graduate Programs

Full-Time MBA

Early Career MBA

MSc Finance

Part-Time MBA

Management of Technology (MOT) MBA

Executive MBA

Graduate Diploma in Business Administration

Invention to Innovation

Looking for an SFU resource?

Some of our resources live on the main SFU website. Please follow the link below to search on SFU.ca

Search SFU.ca

Popular Search Topics

Popular Program Searches

Suggested Searches

Quick Results

Have Questions?

Please contact [email protected]

Search Results

Graduates PhD

PhD in Business Administration

Our PhD program is designed to immerse you in academic research and connect you to world-class faculty from day one. We give doctoral students the opportunity to specialize in one of ten areas. The rigorous, research-intensive training, mentoring, and guidance that you receive will act as a foundation to launch your career.

The Beedie PhD funding package is competitive among Canadian business schools.

Placements in Academia

“The PhD program at Beedie gave me the opportunities to develop my research and teaching skills and the network I needed to jumpstart my career as a marketing academic.” Colin Campbell Associate Professor of Marketing, University of San Diego Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Advertising Research

Our PhD program is located at SFU Beedie's Segal Graduate School in the heart of downtown Vancouver, British Columbia—Canada’s Asia Pacific Gateway and a growing hub for international trade, entrepreneurship, and technology.

Phone: 778.782.6796

Email: [email protected]

Copyright 2021 - Hecterra Publishing Inc. - Privacy Statement - Terms of Service

PhD in Entrepreneurship and Organization

The first program of its kind in Canada, the Conrad School’s PhD in Entrepreneurship and Organization offers emerging entrepreneurship researchers the unique opportunity to study alongside our world-class faculty within Waterloo’s distinctive innovation ecosystem.

The program equips students to conduct independent scientific research in the domains of Entrepreneurship and Organizations. This program builds on the fundamental theoretical foundations of the organizational behaviour and strategy literatures. It is different from traditional Management PhD programs, as it applies an entrepreneurial lens and studies behaviour in entrepreneurial contexts.

4 reasons to consider applying:

1. Explore research that will change how we think about entrepreneurship.

2. Collaborate with colleagues who are at the forefront of entrepreneurial research.

3. Equip the next generation of entrepreneurs to tackle unresolved problems.

4. Investigate new ways of thinking.

for all eligible PhD students

Study this program in-person at our Waterloo campus, full time.

Application deadline is february 1, 2024..

Entrepreneurship Management Program (Postgraduate) (B416)

Program Description

Tuition & fees.

• Admission Requirements
• Program Outcomes

Program Overview

Calling all aspiring entrepreneurs! Want to launch or grow your small business? Our Entrepreneurship Management postgraduate program can help you get there. In just eight months, you'll learn everything you need to know about creating a full business plan, from research and marketing to financing and web strategy. Our faculty and community will support you every step of the way as you get ready to take your business to the next level.

Full Description

If you have an entrepreneurial spirit and dream of working for yourself, our Entrepreneurship Management postgraduate program might be the perfect fit to help you achieve your goals. During the program, you'll develop your business plan and get feedback from faculty, entrepreneurs, and fellow students, so by the end, you'll be ready to launch your business with a strong start.

George Brown College supports entrepreneurial spirit and offers resources to help you start your own business. Find out more about opportunities offered through the college’s entrepreneurship hub startGBC .

Here are some skills you'll be able to show off after completion of the Entrepreneurship Management postgraduate program:

• Presenting a full business plan for your new business
• Creating a financial plan that includes forecasting and cash flow
• Identifying sources of funding
• Developing a complete marketing plan
• Creating a website that showcases your business 

This Centre for Business program is part of our School of Management .

Career & Postgraduate Study Opportunities

Educational pathways.

For information on future study options, see our  transfer guide .

Alumni Impact

We are immensely proud of the contributions of our alumni in Toronto and around the globe.   From Michelin-starred restaurants to major construction, entertainment, community and financial organizations, our graduates are truly making an impact across a range of industries. Latest alumni stories  

Required Courses

In order to graduate from the B416 program , you need to complete the following 10 mandatory courses:

Program Learning Outcomes

The graduate demonstrates the ability to:

• Develop, present and analyze a comprehensive business plan adapted to the enterprise that adheres to professional standards and practices.
• Assess and use current concepts/systems and technologies to support business initiatives.
• Develop strategies for implementing effective marketing plans that reflect an analysis of relevant resources and practices of an enterprise.
• Use accounting and financial principles to support the management and operations of an enterprise.
• Select sales and customer service strategies and apply them to the needs of an enterprise.
• Apply a range of human resource practices that support and promote small business objectives and goals and optimize all functional areas of a small business operation.
• Implement principles of supply chain management and operations management and analyze their impact on the operations of a small business.
• Conduct small business activities and transactions in compliance with pertinent legislation, policies, health and safety and other regulations, professional and business standards, as well as tax, insurance and other fiscal requirements.
• Promote principles of sustainability and corporate social responsibility that apply to small business initiatives.
• Prepare and follow a plan for ongoing personal and professional development to establish and maintain entrepreneurial networking and business relationships and opportunities.
• Plan, implement and evaluate projects by applying project management principles to support the operation and management of a small business.
• Use market research to optimize the operation of a small business.
• Select and implement risk management strategies to support all aspects of the operation of a small business.

Domestic Tuition

International tuition, additional costs.

* Amounts listed are the estimated total of tuition, materials, student service and ancillary fees for the first two semesters of programs starting in Fall 2023 . Fees are subject to change for programs starting in Fall 2024 and at later dates. This fee does not include books, which are to be purchased by the student separately.

** Amounts listed are the estimated total of tuition, materials, student service and ancillary fees for the first two semesters of programs starting in Fall  2024 . Tuition fees are subject to board approval. Material, student service and ancillary fees are estimated based on prior years. All fees are subject to change without notice. This fee does not include books, which are to be purchased by the student separately.

• International Students

Visit the  International Fees and Related Costs page  for more information. 

Financial Assistance

Each year we award over $2 million dollars in scholarships, awards and bursaries to first-year students. Check out our financial aid webpages for ways to pay for college and the full list of available scholarships, awards and bursaries.

• Financial Aid

This program is approved for OSAP funding, provided the applicant meets OSAP eligibility criteria.

Disclaimer: The information contained in this website is subject to change without notice. It should not be viewed as a representation, offer or warranty. Students are responsible for verifying George Brown College fee requirements.

• College advanced diploma (three-year) or bachelor's degree or demonstrated, relevant work experience (resumé and references required).

English Language Proficiency

Applicants with international transcripts who do not provide English language proficiency test results must test at the college level in the George Brown College English assessment to be considered for admission. In addition, applicants who are considered for admission to the program based solely on their work experience will be required to provide proof of English proficiency at the college level, and may be required to write the George Brown College English admission assessment.

Please see our English proficiency requirements  for more details.

Course Exemptions

Some college and university credits may qualify you for exemptions. Please visit our  transfer guide for more information.

Visit the  International Admissions page  for more information regarding country specific admission requirements.  

• How to Apply

Domestic students should apply through Ontario Colleges.

Visit the  How to Apply page  for more information on how and when to apply. 

International students should apply through the  George Brown College Online Application System .

• Information Sessions

Information sessions  are held on a regular basis. Come and have your questions answered. Learn about the program content and career options, meet your friendly professors and staff, and experience what it is like to be in a George Brown College classroom.  Sign up for an upcoming session .

Domestic Student Admissions

For inquiries about domestic admission requirements, admission deadlines, or the admissions process, please contact the Admissions Office at  [email protected]  or visit the  Admissions section .

International Student Admissions

Contact one of our international recruitment representatives specializing by country of origin by either booking a virtual meeting or submitting an inquiry. For more information visit the International Contact Us page .

Fees and Financial Information

For inquiries about OSAP, Bursaries, Scholarships and other financial inquiries, please contact the Financial Aid Office at  [email protected]  or visit the  Financial Aid section .

• Entry Advising

For advice on the various program options and which program might be best suited for you, make an appointment to see an Entry Advisor. Please review these  frequently asked questions .

Centre for Business

For questions regarding programs at the Centre for Business or if you require more information, please do not hesitate to contact us. Our knowledgeable staff are available to assist you.

For general inquiries, please contact the Centre for Business: Email:  [email protected] Phone: (416) 415-5000 ext. 2160

Entrepreneurship Management (B416)

For inquiries related to this program (for example, course-specific information), please contact the program co-ordinator:

Tom Supra , Program Co-ordinator Email: [email protected]

Social Channels:

Follow the Centre for Business on Instagram and LinkedIn

Contact one of our international recruitment representatives specializing by country of origin by either booking a virtual meeting or submitting an inquiry. For more information visit the  International Contact Us page

Visit Our Campus

This program is offered out of our School of Management and classes usually take place at our St. James Campus , mainly at 200 King St. E. , and 290 Adelaide St. E. , Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Campus tours are offered on a regular basis. Sign up today! You can also check out our virtual tour .

Looking to launch your own small business or grow your current one? In just eight months, our Entrepreneurship Management program in Toronto will provide you with the skills, knowledge and support to design a full business plan that includes business research, marketing, financing and web strategy.

Looking to launch your own small business or grow your current one? In just eight months, our Entrepreneurship Management program will provide you with the skills, knowledge and support to design a full business plan that includes business research, marketing, financing and web strategy.

Bring your business idea, develop your business plan and get feedback from faculty, entrepreneurs and fellow students, so at the end of the program, you are ready to launch your business.

Students may also have the option of presenting their finished business plan to Futurepreneur to be considered for a loan of up to $15,000 and a mentor for two years.

George Brown College supports entrepreneurial spirit and offers resources to help you start your own business. Find out more about opportunities offered through startGBC .

Upon successful completion of this program, you will have:

• completed a full business plan for your proposed business
• completed a financial plan including forecasting and cash flow
• identified sources of funding
• completed a marketing plan
• prepared a website

Printable Curriculum Planner 2023-2024

* Amounts listed are the total of tuition, materials, student service and ancillary fees for the first two semesters of programs starting in Fall 2022 . Fees are subject to change for programs starting in Fall 2023 and at later dates.

** Amounts listed are the total of tuition, materials, student service and ancillary fees for the first two semesters of programs starting in Fall 2023 . Fees are subject to change for programs starting in Fall 2024 and at later dates.

For inquiries related to this program (for example, course-specific information) please contact the program co-ordinator:

Land acknowledgement

Learn more about our land acknowledgment

• Arts, Design & Information Technology
• Community Services & Early Childhood
• Construction & Engineering Technologies
• Health Sciences
• Hospitality & Culinary Arts
• Preparatory & Liberal Studies
• Alumni Stories
• Achievements
• Connected to Employers
• College Advising
• Experiential Learning
• FAQ – Guidance Counsellors
• Campus Tours
• Online Tours & Information Sessions
• Virtual Tour
• Student Life
• Study and Work Abroad
• Transfer Agreements & Opportunities
• Courses eligible for transfer
• Course-to-Course Equivalency Database
• Transferring Credits Into GBC
• Transferring Credits to Another institution
• Transferring Credits within GBC
• Information sessions and workshops
• Appointments
• Program Availability
• Program Requirements
• English Proficiency
• Mature Students
• Admission & Placement Assessments
• College Policies
• CHOICES: Explore your Post-Secondary Options
• Academic Upgrading – Study On‑Campus
• Academic Upgrading (Online) - ACE Distance
• Academic Upgrading for Deaf & Hard‑of‑Hearing (Study On‑Campus)
• Academic Upgrading for Deaf & Hard‑of‑Hearing Adults (Online)
• Degree Preparation: University Level (U‑Level) Bridging Programs
• Mature Student Assessment Prep (MSAP)
• Placement Test Assessment Prep (PTAP)
• Academic Upgrading FAQ
• Advanced Standing
• Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition (PLAR)
• Tuition fees and costs
• Awards and Scholarships
• Canada Learning Bond
• External Loans
• How to Pay for College
• Tuition Payment Plan
• Work Study Program
• Contact Financial Aid
• Career Coach
• Contact Admissions
• Spring 2024 Delivery
• Program Finder
• Program Comparison
• International-Eligible Programs
• Apprenticeship Programs
• Better Jobs Ontario
• Bridging Programs
• Continuing Education
• Degree Programs
• English as a Second Language (ESL) Programs
• Online Programs
• Postgraduate Programs
• Pre-Programs
• Course Outlines Search
• 2024-2025 Program Viewbook
• 2024-2025 Degree Program Viewbook
• Academic Centres & Schools
• Ask George Brown
• Campus Bookstore
• Computer Store
• Athletics & Recreation
• Black Student Success Network (BSSN)
• Experience Record
• Recreational Sports
• Student Association
• Student Clubs
• Student Life Volunteer Squad
• Study & Work Abroad
• Campuses & Locations
• How to Get Your Student ID Online
• How to Use Your Student ID Card
• Replacing Lost Student ID Card
• Your Digital GBC ID
• Policies, Terms & Conditions
• Important Dates
• Academic Records
• Contact Office of the Registrar
• Graduation & Convocation
• Registration Information
• Tuition Tax Receipts
• Academic Program Orientations
• Before You Start
• Navigating your first 30 days
• Orientation Events Calendar
• Transitioning Semesters
• About Clinical Pre-Placement Office
• Additional requirements
• Announcements
• COVID-19 Vaccines
• Deadline Dates
• Flu Shot vaccine
• ParaMed Placement Pass
• Prerequisite Health Forms by Program
• Webinar Schedules
• Spring 2024 Registration
• Register for Electives
• Registration FAQ
• Accessible Learning Services
• Anti-Racism, Equity and Human Rights Services
• Career Services & Job Posting
• Child Care Centres
• Counselling
• Deaf & Hard of Hearing Services
• First Year Experience
• Food and Drink
• Gym & Fitness Classes
• Housing Information
• Indigenous Initiatives
• Library Learning Commons (LLC)
• Locker Rentals
• Office of Student Conduct & Support
• Reflection Rooms
• Safewalk Program
• Sexual Violence Resources
• Staying Healthy Off-Campus
• Student Residence
• Student Success Hub
• Tutoring & Learning Centre (TLC)
• Where to Eat on Campus
• Welcome & Information Desks
• Entry Advising Services
• AppsAnywhere
• Brightspace Support
• Email Support
• Gartner Access
• Mobile Apps
• Office 365 & OneDrive
• Protecting your computer and devices from malware
• Resetting Your Password
• Tech Support
• Zoom Support
• International Viewbooks
• Life with George Brown
• Withdrawal & Refund Policy
• Refund Process policies
• International Student Advisors Contact
• Permits & Visas
• Scholarships
• Download the iCent App
• Study Abroad
• Outbound Exchange Opportunities
• Inbound Exchange Opportunities
• Work-Integrated Learning Abroad
• International Pathways to Further Study
• Cultural Intelligence Certificate Program
• Tuition Fees and Related Costs
• International Partners
• Information for Agents
• Contact International
• Accessibility
• AODA Accessibility Training for Employees
• College AODA Policies
• College AODA Reports
• Planning for Accessible Event
• Anti-Racism
• Freedom of Expression
• Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy (FIPPA)
• Human Rights
• Say My Name
• Sexual Harassment and Sexual Violence Policy, Prevention and Support
• Student Self-Identification Survey
• Employee Resources
• Contact Archives
• Casa Loma Campus
• St. James Campus
• Waterfront Campus
• Toronto Metropolitan University Location
• Sunnybrook Location
• Fashion Exchange
• Young Centre for the Performing Arts
• The George Student Residence
• College History
• Alumni Relations
• Retirees' Association
• Seniors' Association
• Contact information
• Annual Reports
• Board of Governors
• College Council
• Labour Negotiations at George Brown College
• Master Campus Plan
• Office of the President
• Senior Leadership Team
• GBC Foundation
• Temporary & Contract
• Why Work at George Brown
• Health & Safety Guidelines for Contractors
• How to Support George Brown
• Food Court Social
• Government Relations
• Health, Safety & Wellness
• GBC in the Media
• Information for Media
• News & Announcements
• Social Media Hub
• Thought Leadership
• Developing New Programs
• Program Review
• Curriculum Support Resources
• Office of Research & Innovation
• Anti–Spam Commitment
• Freedom of Expression policy
• Privacy Policy
• Frequently Asked Questions
• Socially Responsible Procurement
• Procurement Supply Chain Code of Ethics
• Contact & Security Locations
• Emergency Call Boxes
• Emergency Preparedness & Guidelines
• Health Emergency Business Continuity Plan (CEP)
• Emergency Procedures
• Flyers, Pamphlets, and Informational Materials
• In Case of Emergency
• Public Safety and Security Forms
• Winter weather guide
• Institutional Research & Planning
• Strategic Project Portfolio Management
• Strategic and Operational Planning
• LEAD Values
• Sustainability Plan 2022
• Sustainability Guidelines
• The Story of Recycling
• Waste Management and Recycling
• What can I do?
• Work Shift Podcast
• Current Students
• Parents & Guidance Counsellors
• Industry Partners
• Job Seekers
• Services for the Public
• Brightspace (D2L)
• College Email
• Emergency information
• MyGBC Student Portal
• Password Reset
• Technical Support
• Contact George Brown
• Campuses and Locations
• Centre & School Directory
• 24/7 Urgent Support
• On-Campus Emergency & Security

• Programs Overview
• MSc in Management
• Full-Time MBA
• Accelerated MBA
• Executive MBA
• MBA Direct for HBAs
• Master of Management in Analytics
• The Ivey Academy
• Pre-Ivey Experiences
• Ivey Asia - Executive Education
• Faculty & Research Overview
• Faculty Directory
• Area Groups
• Centres & Institutes
• Ivey Impact
• Purpose, Mission and Values
• Strategic Planning
• Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion
• Careers at Ivey
• Ivey Idea Forum
• Media Centre
• Contact Communications
• Alumni Overview
• Get Involved
• Benefits & Services
• Disciplines
• International Business

International Business (IB) combines international expertise with the functional areas of General Management, emphasizing issues facing the multinational enterprise (MNE) and businesses engaged in dealings across national borders. The strength in this combination allows students to explore a deeper understanding of the cross-border intra- and inter-organizational relationships of the MNE, and incorporates a multi-level approach that also addresses the economic, institutional, sociocultural, and sociopolitical contexts in which the MNE is embedded.

The IB group at Ivey encourages students to engage with the academic community early, with many students presenting their work at the Academy of International Business and Academy of Management Annual Conferences. Our students deliver high-quality research that has frequently been recognized in  leading dissertation award competitions , including those presented by the Academy of Management IM Division , the Academy of International Business , and the European International Business Academy . Ivey’s IB area group’s PhD graduates are frequent winners or finalists of these awards.

PhD students regularly co-author with senior scholars in the IB group, and their papers have received Best Paper Awards at: Academy of International Business Annual Meeting, Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Strategic Management Society Annual International Conference, Administrative Sciences of Canada Annual Conference, and Association of Japanese Business Studies Annual Conference.

Our current  IB group at Ivey consists of Paul Beamish , Klaus Meyer , Andreas Schotter , Vanessa Hasse , Nina Rosenbusch , and Elie Chrysostome . Though the common theme of IB unifies these colleagues, they draw on varied disciplinary bases to address issues of strategic alliances, foreign direct investment, subsidiary management, and boundary spanning leadership. They are particularly interested in studying these themes in emerging economies, including multinational enterprises originating from emerging economies. Leveraging their diversity, the IB group is interested in understanding IB phenomena from a multi-level and multi-disciplinary perspective. The International Business Institute supports this research. 

*Please note that IB is a stream under General Management

Areas of Research Focus

• Strategies and performance of international joint ventures
• Management of international alliances
• Motives and strategies of foreign direct investment
• Managing subsidiaries of multinational enterprises
• Doing business in emerging economies

The IB group ranks among the world's top 10 IB departments in terms of impact and productivity, and regularly publishes in the field’s top journals, such as Journal of International Business Studies, Academy of Management Journal, Academy of Management Review, Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, Journal of Business Venturing, Journal of Management, Journal of Management Studies, Organization Science, and Strategic Management Journal.

• View our Google Scholar Page
• View the Research Database

PhD Student Opportunities

IB is one of five possible specializations within Ivey’s General Management PhD program. The IB specialization is designed for those interested in pursuing academic careers at top business schools in IB, Strategy, or Management departments.

The IB group welcomes applications from qualified candidates that are interested in conducting research into themes related to their research interests. The following list is indicative of such projects:

All Professors within the IB group are recruiting PhD students to join their research on the management of MNE subsidiaries . Such subsidiaries interact with, and contribute to, host societies in multiple ways that merit deeper scholarly investigations. Topics within this research agenda may examine any aspect of the strategies and operations of MNE subsidiaries, including the drivers of subsidiary growth, performance knowledge management, scope reductions and divestment as well as their contribution to host country economic, social, and environmental objectives. We are particularly interested in research exploring the role that individuals, such as boundary spanners, have on subsidiary- and MNE-level outcomes. Sample research:

• Managing the MNE subsidiary: Advancing a multi-level and dynamic research agenda  (Journal of International Business Studies)
• Core or periphery? The effects of country-of-origin agglomerations on the within-country expansion of MNEs  (Journal of International Business Studies) 
• Performance effects of MNC headquarters–subsidiary conflict and the role of boundary spanners: The case of headquarter initiative rejection  (Journal of International Management)

Professors Paul Beamish and Vanessa Hasse are recruiting for a co-supervision of PhD students with a research interest in the area of international joint ventures (IJVs) and strategic alliances . Topics within this research area can range broadly from collaborative strategies to the management of IJVs and strategic alliances. Experience with or an interest in quantitative data analysis, especially using larger datasets, will be an asset. Sample research:

• Host market government corruption and the equity-based foreign entry strategies of multinational enterprises  (Journal of International Business Studies)
• Multi-party international joint ventures: Multiple post-formation change processes  (Journal of World Business)
• Cooperative strategies in international business and management: Reflections on the past 50 years and future directions  (Journal of World Business)

Professor Andreas Schotter is recruiting PhD students wishing to pursue research into the internationalization of firms in the digital economy . Topics in this line of research may employ qualitative or quantitative methodologies to examine the internationalization of young firms in the digital economy, or the strategies of mature multinational firms reacting to disruptions caused by the digital economy. This research also looks at changing location choices and the emergence of new internal and external organizational structures. Sample research:

• Platforms without borders? The international strategies of digital platform firms  (Global Strategy Journal)
• Scaling fast and slow: The internationalization of digital ventures (Journal of Business Research)

Professors Klaus Meyer and Bob Andersen are recruiting PhD students interested to analyze the impact of social and political disruption on businesses operating across national borders . This is a new stream of research which aims to enhance scholarly understanding of corporate strategies (e.g. mergers, acquisitions and divestments) as companies cope with an increasingly uncertain international business environment and/or with specific disruptions in international trade or investment regimes. Sample research:

• Diplomatic and corporate networks: Bridges to foreign locations  (Journal of International Business Studies)
• The MNE and its Subsidiaries at Times of Global Disruptions: An International Relations Perspective (Global Strategy Journal).
• Corporate political connections in global strategy (Global Strategy Journal).
• Place, space, and geographical exposure: Foreign subsidiary survival in conflict zones  (Journal of International Business Studies)

Professors Paul Beamish and Vanessa Hasse are recruiting for a co-supervision of PhD students with an interest in (and ideally direct exposure to) international business within frontier markets and the world’s poorest economies. Topics within this research area can range broadly from: FDI into or exit from these countries, social intermediation to reduce poverty, the role of management education, and response strategies for rare events, among others. Sample research:

• Foreign subsidiary exit from Africa: The effects of investment purpose, diversity and orientation (Global Strategy Journal)
• Caught in the crossfire: Dimensions of vulnerability and foreign multinationals exit from war-affected countries (Strategic Management Journal)
• Social intermediation in Base-of-the Pyramid Markets (Journal of Management Studies)
• The 39 Country Initiative and Africa (Africa Journal of Management)
• The importance of rare events and other outliers in global strategy research (Global Strategy Journal)

Professor Klaus Meyer is recruiting PhD students with a research interest in the strategies and operations of multinational enterprises originating from emerging economies . Multinational enterprises from countries and regions such as China, India or South-East Asia face distinct challenges and opportunities arising from the economic and political structures of their home economies. This line of research is in particular exploring how companies address the strategic and operational challenges of catch-up strategies, including the engagement with market and nonmarket actors at home and abroad. Sample research: 

• Boundary spanners, HRM practices, and reverse knowledge transfer: The case of Chinese cross-border acquisitions (Journal of World Business)
• Emerging economy MNEs: How does home country munificence matter? (Journal of World Business)
• Theoretical foundations of emerging economy research (Journal of International Business Studies)

Professor Andreas Schotter is recruiting Ph.D. students wishing to pursue research at the intersections of international business, economic geography, and innovation, with as particular focus on how Industry 4.0 forces shape multinational enterprise (MNE) activities and the future of work in global value chains. The research considers firm level lenses from corporate strategy and the theory of the firm and microfoundations lenses, bringing the manager into the focus, while considering the rapid changes in the external environment, such as the emergence of digital technologies and increasing global connectedness. The emphasis will be on novel configurational theorizing and methods that seek to accommodate the multiplicity of actors—individuals, firms, industries, countries—and multiplexity of interactions among these actors. We aim to develop new and refine existing knowledge that accounts for the new complexities of configuring the MNE. Sample research:

• International connectedness and local disconnectedness: MNE strategies, city regions and disruption (Journal of International Business Studies)
• Configuring knowledge connectivity and strategy conditions for foreign subsidiary innovation (Long Range Planning)
• Boundary Spanning in Global Organizations (Journal of Management Studies) 

PhD Graduates

Dr. cheng li.

Assistant Professor, University of Manitoba

General manager succession in multinational enterprise subsidiaries

Multinationals face growing demands from nonmarket forces, making them increasingly vulnerable to social and political disruptions. This thesis investigates two sets of relationships that are at the core of multinational nonmarket strategy: firm-government and firm-society relationships, and in so doing advances our understanding of global strategies employed to tackle challenges. It comprises…. Read more about this thesis

Dr. Liang (Arthur) Li

Assistant Professor in International Business at Henley Business School, University of Reading

This dissertation, based on interviews with over 40 managers and longitudinal data from over 1,900 foreign subsidiaries, develops new insights regarding subsidiary general manager (GM) changes in multinational enterprises (MNEs)…. Read more about this thesis

Dr. Jianhua (Jenny) Zhu

Investment Motives and Non-Traditional Foreign Direct Investment

This dissertation examines the characteristics and performance of non-traditional investment motives, with a secondary focus on small-employment subsidiaries. It also investigates how firms re-evaluate and change their organizational control after an industry-wide consumer confidence crisis…. Read more about this thesis

Dr. Liang Liang (Lucas) Wang

Associate Professor, University of New Brunswick

Antecedents and consequences of share distribution in equity joint ventures: A pricing-error approach and empirical evidence

This dissertation bridges the identified literature gaps by developing and testing two empirical models based on the pricing-error rule. According to this rule, only when share distribution of an EJV perfectly matches the two pricing errors will profit sharing to each partner fully offset the errors, which helps save the most on transaction costs…. Read more about this thesis

Dr. Maximilian Stallkamp

Assistant Professor, Virginia Tech

Contemporary perspectives on the internationalization of firms

This dissertation contributes new insights to research on the internationalization of firms. Whereas prior research has focused mostly on the country as the main locational unit of analysis, I examine internationalization from both subnational and (supranational) regional perspectives. Moreover, I investigate the impact of digitalization on internationalization, by studying how ‘digital’ firms expand internationally.... Read more about this thesis

Dr. Dwarka Chakravarty

Assistant Professor, San Diego State University

Foreign Direct Investment in Global Cities and Co-Ethnic Clusters: Characteristics, Performance, and Survival

This dissertation examines the characteristics, profitability, and survival of multinational enterprise (MNE) foreign direct investment (FDI) in North American “global” cities (GCs), such as Los Angeles, New York, and Toronto. Across GCs and their metropolitan areas (Metros), MNEs often co-locate with their home country and co-industry peers in “co-ethnic” and “co-ethnic, co-industry” (CECI) clusters. Despite their substantial influence on the world economy GCs are relatively underexplored as location units of analysis in International Business (IB) research. Accordingly, I address three research questions.... Read more about this thesis

Dr. Yamlaksira Getachew

Assistant Professor, Loyola Marymount University

Institutional Voids, Investment Purposes, and Foreign Subsidiaries of Multinational Enterprises

This dissertation is motivated by two sets of research questions: (a) Whether, how, and when host-country market and institutional conditions have implications for the performance of foreign subsidiaries? And (b) Whether, how, and when investment purposes/motives for which foreign subsidiaries are established relate to the extent to which the subsidiaries/their parents overcome the hazards of or capitalize on the opportunities from operating in locations of high institutional voids?.... Read more about this thesis

Discipline Coordinator

Vanessa C. Hasse

Vanessa Hasse is an Assistant Professor of International Business at the Ivey Business School. Her primary research interests focus on exploring firm-level responses to performance signals (including those triggered by crises/rare events) in an international context, as well as the impact cultural and temporal dimensions have on managerial decision-making.   

Her research has been published in outlets such as the Academy of Management Journal, Global Strategy Journal , and more. She has received international recognition for her work, including the 2023 IM Division Best Paper Award in OB/HRM/OT (AOM) and the 2017 IM Division D'Amore-McKim School of Business, Northeastern University, Best Dissertation Award in International Management (AOM).

Dr. Hasse has authored several case studies and has been recognized as a management educator for her innovations in designing transformative learning experiences. She is the recipient of multiple Teaching Excellence Awards (2021/2022/2023) and was named a Finalist for the 2021 Academy of International Business Teaching Innovation Award. Dr. Hasse is a board member at the Academy of International Business-Canada chapter.

Read full profile »

• Business, Economics and Public Policy (BEPP)
• Entrepreneurship
• Information Systems
• Management Science
• Operations Management
• Organizational Behaviour
• Sustainability

Connect with Ivey Business School

• Skip to main content

• All countries /
• North America /
• All study levels /
• Postgraduate /
• Business and Management /
• Entrepreneurship

23 Universities in Canada offering Postgraduate Entrepreneurship degrees and courses

More Information

Are you looking for Postgraduate courses in Entrepreneurship? Here you can find course providers offering full-time, part-time, online or distance learning options.

You've reached your limit of 10 Favourites

University of Alberta

THE World Ranking: 109

Saskatchewan Polytechnic

University of new brunswick.

THE World Ranking: 601

University of Windsor

THE World Ranking: 501

Toronto Metropolitan University

York University

THE World Ranking: 351

George Brown College

Seneca Polytechnic

Conestoga College

Thompson Rivers University

Trent University

Humber College

• Business Development
• Cooperatives
• Enterprises
• British Columbia
• New Brunswick
• Newfoundland and Labrador
• Saskatchewan
• Study level:
• Postgraduate
• Graduate Certificates & Diplomas
• Masters Degrees
• Doctoral Degrees
• Study mode:
• Online/Distance

Filter your results

Tell us about you.

• Nationality Select country Select country
• My current qualification is from Select country Yes No Select country Select country
• Current qualification {0} is not applicable for the study level you selected below. Qualification Qualification
• Grade type (only one grade type for your qualification) Grade type Grade type
• My score (current or expected) Please select Please select Please select Please select Please select Please select

Tell us your preferences

• Subject Entrepreneurship
• Qualification Postgraduate
• Destination Canada
• Study options
• Annual tuition fees

Subject areas

Qualification, destination.

• The UConn School of Business has grown to become one of the most comprehensive business schools in the country.
• NEW: Want to study in your home country for a foreign qualification? Find out more about cross-border study!

1 PhD Degrees in Entrepreneurship in Canada for 2024

• Business Studies
• Entrepreneurship

Business Studies (1)

• Business Administration (1)
• Business Management (1)
• Entrepreneurship (1)
• Back to main category
• United Kingdom (0)
• Australia (0)
• Toronto (0)
• Vancouver (0)
• Montreal (0)
• Bachelor (0)
• Certificate (0)
• Diploma (0)
• Associate of Applied Science (0)
• Associate Degree (0)
• Graduate Certificate (0)
• Associate of Arts (0)
• Summer Course (0)
• Advanced Diploma (0)
• Graduate Diploma (0)
• Postgraduate Diploma (0)
• Foundation Year (0)
• Postgraduate Certificate (0)
• A-level (0)
• Preparatory Program (0)
• Doctor of Education (0)
• Advanced Certificate (0)
• Juris Doctor (0)
• Undergraduate Pathway (0)
• Undergraduate Certificate (0)
• Graduate Pathway (0)
• 2 years (0)
• 3 years (0)
• 4+ years (0)
• Full time (1)
• Part time (0)
• English (1)
• Spanish (0)
• Portuguese (0)
• Italian (0)
• On-Campus (1)
• Distance Learning (0)
• Blended (0)

Popular degree type

Popular study format

Popular education type

PhD Degrees in Entrepreneurship

An MBA in Entrepreneurship is an advanced degree that notes students who have learned to make their own way in the business world. Participants in this program might boast an understanding of leadership, management and project-building skills that are necessary for creating a successful business.

Canada is the best country to pursue your higher education if you are an interactive person. Almost every ethnic group is represented in Canada thus it's a multicultural society. Language barrier is not an issue to foreign students as Canada is considered the world's leader in language training.

Requirements for the PhD program often involve the student having already obtained a Master’s degree. Additionally, a thesis or dissertation primarily consisting of original academic research must be submitted. In some countries, this work may even need to be defended in front of a panel.

Main Container

Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau

Search form Mobile

• Strengthening Canadian research and innovation

Subscribe to email updates

Search form

Main content.

This website is not compatible with Internet Explorer or older version of Microsoft Edge(version 78 and older).

For full functionality please use a supported browser .

• news releases

Gen Z and millennials are the engine of our economy. Everything that is created, built, served, and sold in Canada is increasingly being done by millennials and Gen Z. They’re the young parents, the students doing cutting-edge research, the young entrepreneurs with startup ideas. Canada’s success depends on their success.

To secure Canada’s competitive edge, we need to support and empower tomorrow’s problem solvers and make sure every generation reaches their full potential. That’s why we’re investing in cutting-edge research – to create more good jobs, including in innovation and technology – while making education more affordable.

The Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau, today highlighted an over $4.6 billion package of measures from Budget 2024 to strengthen Canadian research and innovation.

Here’s what we’re doing:

Providing $2.6 billion in core research grant funding, scholarships, and fellowships to support our researchers and their ground-breaking discoveries:

• This includes $1.8 billion in core research grant funding for a 30 per cent increase over five years of Canada’s core research grant programs that support faculty-led research projects. It will indirectly support thousands of graduate student and post-doctoral fellows with their research, including their work on climate action, health emergencies, artificial intelligence, and psychological health.
• And $825 million over five years to the granting councils to increase the annual value of master’s and doctoral students’ scholarships to $27,000 and $40,000, respectively, and post-doctoral fellowships to $70,000. To make it easier for students and fellows to access support, the enhanced suite of scholarships and fellowship programs will be streamlined into one talent program. This new program will also increase the number of graduate students and post-doctoral fellows benefiting from research scholarships and fellowships by approximately 1,720 each year.
• This funding will also provide $30 million over three years for Indigenous researchers and their communities, which would be distributed with $10 million each for First Nation, Métis, and Inuit partners.
• To provide better co-ordination across the federally funded research ecosystem, we will bring together our three research funding organizations within a single new capstone research funding organization. The granting councils will continue to exist within this new organization, and continue supporting excellence in investigator-driven research, including linkages with the health portfolio.
• Together, these measures will play a critical role in not only supporting Canadian researchers in solving the world’s greatest challenges – but building a generation of highly educated, highly skilled individuals as a foundation of Canada’s future economic growth and prosperity.

Investing $1.3 billion to keep post-secondary education affordable:

• This funding will extend for an additional year the increase in full-time Canada Student Grants from $3,000 to $4,200 per year, and interest-free Canada Student Loans from $210 to $300 per week. This includes increases to other Canada Student Grants by 40 per cent.
• It will also increase the housing allowances used by the Canada Student Financial Assistance Program when determining financial need, which will provide additional student aid to approximately 79,000 students each year.
• These investments will make sure that our younger generations can access quality post-secondary education at an affordable cost.

Investing $734 million to support Canada’s world-leading research infrastructure and institutes :

• Supporting TRIUMF, Canada’s sub-atomic physics research laboratory, located at the University of British Columbia. This investment will upgrade infrastructure at the facility, keep Canada at the forefront of physics research, and enable new medical breakthroughs and treatments, from drug development to cancer therapy.
• Investing in CANARIE, a national not-for-profit organization that manages Canada’s ultra high-speed network to connect researchers, educators, and innovators.
• Providing funding to Saskatoon-based Canadian Light Source, helping scientists and researchers to continue making breakthroughs in areas ranging from climate-resistant crop development to sustainable mining processes.
• Supporting the Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, headquartered at Queen’s University. This funding will help engineers, researchers, and scientists innovate in areas like clean technology and medical imaging.
• Investing in the University of Saskatchewan’s Centre for Pandemic Research, advancing the study of high-risk pathogens to support vaccine and therapeutic development.

These investments will unlock and accelerate economic growth for Canada. We’re creating opportunities, boosting innovation, and accelerating economic growth – and that’s just some of the things that we are proposing in Budget 2024. Alongside these measures, we’re building more homes faster, investing in health care, and making life more affordable to make sure every generation can get ahead.

“Budget 2024 is about ensuring fairness for the next generation. With these historic investments, we’re investing in Canadian students, researchers, and innovators so they can solve the problems of tomorrow. This will unlock massive economic growth and make Canada stronger, fairer, and more prosperous.” The Rt. Hon. Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada

“Our government is securing the future of top-tier research and innovation in Canada by investing in younger generations today. This is about fostering homegrown research talent and encouraging Canadian brainpower to scale-up their innovative ideas in Canada ‒ all as part of our work to help younger generations get ahead.” The Hon. Chrystia Freeland, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance

“Today’s research is tomorrow’s economy. That’s why Budget 2024 supports Canadian researchers at the forefront of discovery and innovation as they continue to position Canada as a global leader in science research. These investments reflect the ambition and vision of our next generation of researchers.” The Hon. François-Philippe Champagne, Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry

Quick Facts

• An estimated total cost of $1.1 billion in 2024-25 for the increased student grants and loans, which will be available for the 2024-25 school year.
• An estimated cost of $154.6 million over five years, starting in 2024-25, and $32.3 million per year ongoing to modernize shelter allowances.
• $399.8 million over five years, starting in 2025-26, for TRIUMF.
• $176 million over five years, starting in 2025-26, for CANARIE.
• $83.5 million over three years, starting in 2026-27, for Canadian Light Source.
• $45.5 million over five years, starting in 2024-25, for the Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute.
• $30 million over three years, starting in 2024-25, for the University of Saskatchewan’s Centre for Pandemic Research at the Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization.
• Since 2016, the federal government has committed: more than $16 billion to support scientific discovery, develop Canadian research talent, and attract top researchers from around the planet; and over $2 billion to foster growth across Canada’s AI ecosystem and digital infrastructure.
• Since 2016, the federal government has supported more than 638,000 post-secondary students per year, on average, with more than $38.4 billion in up-front grants and interest-free loans – enabling young Canadians to pursue their education, regardless of their background. To ensure this support keeps up with the cost of an education, the government permanently increased Canada Student Grants by 50 per cent to $3,000. As outlined above, Budget 2024 announced the government’s intention to extend for an additional year the increase in full-time Canada Student Grants from $3,000 to $4,200 per year, and interest-free Canada Student Loans from $210 to $300 per week.
• The Government of Canada’s Budget 2024 was tabled in the House of Commons by the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance on April 16, 2024.
• The Strategic Science Fund, which announced the results of its first competition in December 2023, providing support to 24 third-party science and research organizations starting in 2024-25.
• Canada recently concluded negotiations to be an associate member of Horizon Europe, which would enable Canadians to access a broader range of research opportunities under the European program starting this year.
• The steady increase in federal funding for extramural and intramural science and technology by the government, which was 44 per cent higher in 2023 relative to 2015.
• Budget 2024 also includes a $2.4 billion package of measures to accelerate job growth in Canada’s AI sector, boost productivity by helping researchers and businesses develop and adopt AI, and ensure this is done responsibly.  Learn more .

Related Products

• Backgrounder: Economic Growth and Productivity
• Backgrounder: Fairness for Younger Generations

Associated Links

• Fairness for Every Generation
• Budget 2024: Fairness for Every Generation

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

• View all journals
• Explore content
• About the journal
• Publish with us
• Sign up for alerts
• 17 April 2024

Canadian science gets biggest boost to PhD and postdoc pay in 20 years

• Brian Owens

You can also search for this author in PubMed   Google Scholar

Researchers in Canada got most of what they were hoping for in the country’s 2024 federal budget, with a big boost in postgraduate pay and more funding for research and scientific infrastructure.

Access options

Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals

Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription

24,99 € / 30 days

cancel any time

Subscribe to this journal

Receive 51 print issues and online access

185,98 € per year

only 3,65 € per issue

Rent or buy this article

Prices vary by article type

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-01124-2

Reprints and permissions

Related Articles

• Scientific community

Want to make a difference? Try working at an environmental non-profit organization

Career Feature 26 APR 24

Future of Humanity Institute shuts: what’s next for ‘deep future’ research?

News 26 APR 24

Algorithm ranks peer reviewers by reputation — but critics warn of bias

Nature Index 25 APR 24

How India can become a science powerhouse

Editorial 16 APR 24

US COVID-origins hearing puts scientific journals in the hot seat

News 16 APR 24

What the India election means for science

News 10 APR 24

NIH pay rise for postdocs and PhD students could have US ripple effect

News 25 APR 24

India’s 50-year-old Chipko movement is a model for environmental activism

Correspondence 23 APR 24

ECUST Seeking Global Talents

Join Us and Create a Bright Future Together!

Shanghai, China

East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST)

Position Recruitment of Guangzhou Medical University

Seeking talents around the world.

Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Guangzhou Medical University

Junior Group Leader

The Imagine Institute is a leading European research centre dedicated to genetic diseases, with the primary objective to better understand and trea...

Paris, Ile-de-France (FR)

Imagine Institute

Director of the Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute of Palacký University Olomouc

The Rector of Palacký University Olomouc announces a Call for the Position of Director of the Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute of P...

Czech Republic (CZ)

Palacký University Olomouc

Course lecturer for INFH 5000

The HKUST(GZ) Information Hub is recruiting course lecturer for INFH 5000: Information Science and Technology: Essentials and Trends.

The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Quick links

• Explore articles by subject
• Guide to authors
• Editorial policies

Language selection

• Français fr

Remarks by the Deputy Prime Minister on empowering young entrepreneurs

From: Department of Finance Canada

April 22, 2024 - Montréal, Quebec

Good afternoon.

First, I would like to acknowledge that we are gathered on the traditional territories of many First Nations, including the Mohawk Nation territory.

I am so glad to be in Montreal today with my colleague, Minister Rechie Valdez, and with my dear colleague from Quebec, MP Angelo Iacono. And I am so glad to be here at Lab Grenouille Rouge with some incredible young entrepreneurs. Lab Grenouille Rouge is a perfect example of the kind of creativity and innovation we need in Canada. Our government recognizes that, and we want to empower you to put more of your great ideas to work here in Quebec and in Canada. And that is what I want to talk about today.

We are living in a pivotal moment for Millennials and Gen Z.

These young Canadians have so much talent and so much potential.

But today, too many young Canadians feel as though the deck is stacked against them. They can get a good job, they can work hard, but far too often, the reward of a secure, prosperous, comfortable, middle class life remains out of reach.

We are acting today to ensure fairness for every generation.

We are moving to help build more homes, faster.

We are making life cost less.

And we are driving the kind of economic growth that will ensure every generation of Canadians can reach their full potential.

Our country works best when our economy is growing and when opportunities exist—for every generation.

To drive the kind of growth that will deliver prosperity for Canada—and for the young entrepreneurs here with us today—the budget I tabled last week includes measures to attract investment, increase productivity, boost innovation, and create good-paying and meaningful jobs.

Entrepreneurs like yourselves are a very important part of this equation. That is why we are investing $60 million in Futurpreneur Canada. And Futurpreneur Canada’s leaders are here with us today. The entrepreneurs who are here, including our young farmers from Montréal, have all benefitted from Futurpreneur Canada’s support. That means they’ve received support from the federal government. I am very proud of that.

For over two decades, Futurpreneur has helped more than 17,700 young entrepreneurs launch 13,900 businesses across Canada, supporting thousands of jobs in the process.

The budget I tabled last week includes measures to attract investment, increase productivity, and create good jobs, just like Futurpreneur is doing.

This new funding is going to help Futurpreneur build on its important work and help even more young entrepreneurs launch and grow a business—with support like financing and mentorship.

And to really maximize this investment, Futurpreneur Canada will match our $60 million investment with funding received from other orders of government and private sector partners.

All together, by 2029, the funding we are announcing today will help 6,250 more businesses owned by young Canadians to launch and scale-up. That is going to contribute hugely to our economy, to local communities, and it’s going to create thousands of great new jobs.

We know we need to do more, though. That is why our budget includes a number of measures that will help entrepreneurs and small business owners grow and thrive in Canada.

For example: We are making Canada’s tax system more fair.

In Canada and around the world, the economy of the 21st century has been a winner-takes-all economy, while too many middle class Canadians are struggling just to avoid falling behind.

The job of our tax system is to lean against these structural inequalities—for example, to fund investments in the middle class, especially in young Canadians, by asking those who are benefitting the most from the winner-takes-all economy to pay a little bit more.

Today, our tax system doesn’t do that. Today it is possible for a carpenter or a nurse to pay tax at a higher marginal rate than a multi millionaire. That isn’t fair.  And that must change.

That’s why we are supporting small businesses by increasing the lifetime capital gains exemption to $1.25 million.

Currently, Canadians can exempt around $1 million in capital gains tax-free on the sale of small business shares as well as farming and fishing property.

In that same spirit, we are creating a new Canadian Entrepreneurs’ Incentive for entrepreneurs like those who are with us today. With this incentive, the inclusion rate will be reduced to 33.3 per cent on a lifetime maximum of $2 million in eligible capital gains when it is fully rolled out.

Entrepreneurs will then have a combined exemption of at least $3.25 million when selling all or part of a business. Then, between $3.25 million and $3.5 million, they will benefit from an inclusion rate of 50 per cent, as is the case today. As a result, and starting on June 25 th when the measures in our budget come into force, Canadian entrepreneurs with capital gains of up to $6.25 million will be in a better tax position, and we talked about this with the young entrepreneurs who are here.

This will ensure entrepreneurs get to keep a bigger share of the profits from the risks they take and the hard work they do—and have more money to reinvest into their next venture.

We are also introducing Accelerated Capital Cost Allowances (ACCA) for innovation-enabling and productivity-enhancing assets.

This enhancement to the ACCA means that investments in things like computers, data network infrastructure, and more, will be eligible for immediate write-offs. This will encourage companies to reinvest, create more jobs, and make their businesses more productive and innovative.

We know that a prosperous future and abundant good paying jobs depend on Canada’s entrepreneurs.

Thank you for your hard work. I really appreciate what you do. I am proud of you. Canada needs innovative businesses like Lab Grenouille Rouge. That’s why we are supporting you.

We’re acting now because the cost of inaction today would be borne chiefly by younger Canadians. And we won’t leave them behind. Instead, we will help them realize the promise of Canada with a responsible economic plan that creates new career opportunities and grows the economy for every generation.

Today we say to our younger generations, and to those who care about them: We are putting the power of government to work for you.

Together, we will unlock the door to the middle class for more Canadians—for more Quebecers—and renew the promise of our great country.

Page details

Capital gains tax change draws ire from some Canadian entrepreneurs worried it will worsen brain drain

Some say government sending wrong message while others say tax hike is only fair.

Social Sharing

A chorus of Canadian entrepreneurs and investors is blasting the federal government's budget for expanding a tax on the rich. They say it will lead to brain drain and further degrade Canada's already poor productivity.

In the 2024 budget unveiled Tuesday, Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland said the government would increase the inclusion rate of the capital gains tax from 50 per cent to 67 per cent for businesses and trusts, generating an estimated $19 billion in new revenue.

Capital gains are the profits that individuals or businesses make from selling an asset — like a stock or a second home. Individuals are subject to the new changes on any profits over $250,000.

The government estimates that the changes would impact 40,000 individuals (or 0.13 per cent of Canadians in any given year) and 307,000 companies in Canada.

However, some members of the business community say that expanding the taxable amount will devastate productivity, investment and entrepreneurship in Canada, and might even compel some of the country's talent and startups to take their business elsewhere.

Federal budget adds billions in spending, hikes capital gains tax

Benjamin Bergen, president of the Council of Canadian Innovators (CCI), said the capital gains tax has overshadowed parts of the federal budget that the business community would otherwise be excited about.

"There were definitely some other stars in the budget that were interesting," he said. "However, the ... capital gains piece really is the sun, and it's daylight. So this is really the only thing that innovators can see."

The CCI has written and is circulating an open letter signed by more than 1,000 people in the Canadian business community to Trudeau's government asking it to scrap the tax change.

Shopify CEO Tobi Lütke and president Harley Finkelstein also weighed in on the proposed hike on X, formerly known as Twitter.

We need to be doing everything we can to turn Canada into the best place for entrepreneurs to build 🇨🇦<br><br>What's proposed in the federal budget will do the complete opposite. Innovators and entrepreneurs will suffer and their success will be penalized -- this is not a wealth tax,… &mdash; @harleyf

Former finance minister Bill Morneau said his successor's budget disincentivizes businesses from investing in the country's innovation sector: "It's probably very troubling for many investors."

• Bill Morneau slams Freeland's budget as a threat to investment, economic growth

Canada's productivity — a measure that compares economic output to hours worked — has been relatively poor for decades. It underperforms against the OECD average and against several other G7 countries, including the U.S., Germany, U.K. and Japan, on the measure. 

Bank of Canada senior deputy governor Carolyn Rogers sounded the alarm on Canada's lagging productivity in a speech last month, saying the country's need to increase the rate had reached emergency levels, following one of the weakest years for the economy in recent memory.

The government said it was proposing the tax change to make life more affordable for younger generations and fund efforts to boost housing supply — and that it would support productivity growth.

A challenge for investors, founders and workers

The change could have a chilling effect for several reasons, with companies already struggling to access funding in a high interest rate environment, said Bergen.

He questioned whether investors will want to fund Canadian companies if the government's taxation policies make it difficult for those firms to grow — and whether founders might just pack up.

The expanded inclusion rate "is just one of the other potential concerns that firms are going to have as they're looking to grow their companies."

He said the rejigged tax is also an affront to high-skilled workers from low-innovation sectors who might have taken the risk of joining a startup for the opportunity, even taking a lower wage on the chance that a firm's stock options grow in value.

• Your questions answered about the proposed capital gains tax changes
• Freeland's new federal budget hikes taxes on the rich to cover billions in new spending

But Lindsay Tedds, an associate economics professor at the University of Calgary, said the tax change is one of the most misunderstood parts of the federal budget — and that its impact on the country's talent has been overstated.

"This is not a major innovation-biting tax change treatment," Tedds said. "In fact, when you talk to real grassroots entrepreneurs that are setting up businesses, tax rates do not come into their decision."

As for productivity, Tedds said Canadians might see improvements in the long run "to the degree that some of our productivity problems are driven by stresses like housing affordability, access to child care, things like that."

'One foot on the gas, one foot on the brake'

Some say the government is sending mixed messages to entrepreneurs by touting tailored tax breaks — like the Canada Entrepreneurs' Incentive, which reduces the capital gains inclusion rate to 33 per cent on a lifetime maximum of $2 million — while introducing measures they say would dampen investment and innovation.

"They seem to have one foot on the gas, one foot on the brake on the very same file," said Dan Kelly, president of the Canadian Federation of Independent Business.

How could capital gains tax increases impact Canadian small businesses? | Power & Politics

A founder may be able to sell their successful company with a lower capital gains treatment than otherwise possible, he said.

"At the same time, though, big chunks of it may be subject to a higher rate of capital gains inclusion."

Selling a company can fund an individual's retirement, he said, which is why it's one of the first things founders consider when they think about capital gains.

Dennis Darby, president and CEO of Canadian Manufacturers & Exporters, says he was disappointed by the change — and that it sends the wrong message to Canadian industries like his own.

He wants to see the government commit to more tax credit proposals like the Canada Carbon Rebate for Small Businesses, which he said would incentivize business owners to stay and help make Canada competitive with the U.S.

"We've had a lot of difficulties attracting investment over the years. I don't think this will make it any better."

Tech titan says change will only impact richest of the rich

Toronto tech entrepreneur Ali Asaria will be one of those subject to the expanded capital gains inclusion rate — but he says it's only fair.

"It's going to really affect the richest of the rich people," Asaria, CEO of open source platform Transformer Lab and founder of well.ca, told CBC News.

"The capital gains exemption is probably the largest tax break that I've ever received in my life," he said. "So I know a lot about what that benefit can look like, but I've also always felt like it was probably one of the most unfair parts of the tax code today."

• 2024 federal budget's key takeaways: Housing and carbon rebates, students and sin taxes
• Analysis With its eighth budget, the Liberal government tries to re-win the fairness fight

While Asaria said Canada needs to continue encouraging talent to take risks and build companies in the country, taxation policies aren't the most major problem.

"I think that the biggest central issue to the reason why people will leave Canada is bigger issues, like housing," he said.

"How do we make it easier to live in Canada so that we can all invest in ourselves and invest in our companies? That's a more important question than, 'How do we help the top 0.13 per cent of Canadians make more money?'"

Corrections

• A previous version of this article stated that Lindsay Tedds was an associate professor at Carleton University. In fact, she works at the University of Calgary. Apr 19, 2024 11:00 AM ET

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Jenna Benchetrit is a senior writer with the business content unit at CBC News. She has also covered entertainment and education stories. A Montrealer based in Toronto, Jenna holds a master's degree in journalism from Toronto Metropolitan University. You can reach her at [email protected].

With files from Nisha Patel and Laura MacNaughton

Related Stories

Add some “good” to your morning and evening.

Your weekly look at what’s happening in the worlds of economics, business and finance. Senior business correspondent Peter Armstrong untangles what it means for you, in your inbox Monday mornings.

Your browser is not supported

Sorry but it looks as if your browser is out of date. To get the best experience using our site we recommend that you upgrade or switch browsers.

Find a solution

• Skip to main content
• Skip to navigation
• hot-topics Extras
• Newsletters
• Reading room

Tell us what you think. Take part in our reader survey

Celebrating twenty years

• Back to parent navigation item
• Collections
• Water and the environment
• Chemical bonding
• Antimicrobial resistance
• Energy storage and batteries
• AI and automation
• Sustainability
• Research culture
• Nobel prize
• Food science and cookery
• Plastics and polymers
• Periodic table
• Coronavirus

• More from navigation items

Canada pledges dramatic pay rise for PhDs, postdocs – but many will not benefit

• No comments

The Canadian government has pledged a significant investment in its graduate students and postdoctoral scholars after more than two decades of stagnation . Its 2024 budget proposal , announced on 16 April , provides C$825 million (£481 million) over the next five years to support next-generation researchers by increasing both the number and value of stipends. However, the pay rise will only be seen by graduates who win scarce Tri-Council grants, although it is hoped that as these stipends rise others will need to too to compete.

The budget, which the House of Commons must pass before it is finalised, would provide nearly C$200 million per year, increasing annual master’s and PhD scholarships to $27,000 and $40,000, respectively, and postdoctoral fellowships to $70,000. The budget’s passage is not guaranteed – it needs the support of at least one of three political parties other than the ruling Liberal party.

Source: © David Kawai/Bloomberg/Getty Images

Justin Trudeau, Canada’s prime minister, and Chrystia Freeland, Canada’s deputy prime minister and finance minister, presented the budget on 16 April. The package included funding that ended over 20 years of stagnation in PhD and postdoctoral stipends

The planned increases represent a dramatic jump. Currently, the typical annual stipend in Canada is around C$17,500 for master’s students, C$24,000 for PhDs and C$45,000 for postdocs. The government is also proposing C$1.8 billion to the different funding agencies in Canada over five years to increase core research grant funding.

The funding surge is expected to increase the number of research scholarships and fellowships provided by the government, building to approximately 1720 more graduate students or fellows benefiting each year.

Graduate student and postdoc pay in Canada has remained unchanged for over 20 years . A national survey last year by the Ottawa Science Policy Network found that nearly 90% of graduate students in the country reported feeling stressed and anxious about their finances, and almost one-third said they have considered leaving academia due to financial pressures.

‘These fellowships had the same value for many years, which means their ability to support students had, in many cases, fallen below a livable amount,’ explains Bruce Arndtsen , a chemistry professor at McGill University. ‘Many departments and institutions therefore needed to top these fellowships up from research grants simply to get to our normal stipend level.’

Most chemistry graduates ineligible for raise

Such a significant increase to graduate student stipends in Canada will give top students a competitive stipend and enable Canada to better retain these students, Arndtsen adds. ‘It will also allow the use of grant funds to better support their research activities rather than topping their fellowship up to needed levels.’

However, he notes that these stipend increases will only apply to the select few who win prestigious Tri-Council awards, and the majority of chemistry graduate students in Canada do not receive these top fellowships but are instead paid from research grants. In fact, Arndtsen notes that funding for the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada’s major chemistry funding programme has also remained stagnant for decades, and he expresses hope that these grants will receive a similar increase in the near term.

Anne Labarre , a sixth-year PhD chemistry student at McGill who is involved in computational drug discovery, celebrated the government’s announcement. Labarre says the PhD stipends at her chemistry department are currently fixed at around C$26,000 per year and emphasises that this increase is significant considering the recent inflation and rent increases in Montreal.

Matthew Berg, who received a PhD in biochemistry from Western University in Canada in 2021 and is now a postdoc at the University of Washington in the US, is optimistic. ‘These increases are going to set the bar for where funding should be for trainees in the sciences and in graduate school,’ he states. ‘Right now, a lot of Canadian graduate students struggle,’ Berg continues. ‘We’ve heard stories of students having to rely on food banks and different support systems in order to just make it through their degree.’

Last year there was a nationwide walkout of students and academics in Canada who were demanding more federal funding for graduate students and postdoc researchers. This month, graduate teaching assistants at Western University went on strike to protest what they deemed unfair wages. Meanwhile, a union representing striking academic workers at York University in Toronto, including teaching assistants and graduate workers, appeared to have reached a tentative deal on 14 April after being on strike over pay since late February.

Berg says he was lucky – he received one of one of the elusive federal awards to support him as a PhD candidate in Canada, which he says was worth about C$35,000 annually for three years. As a postdoc in the US, Berg says he currently receives significantly better compensation, with a stipend equivalent to more than C$90,000.

‘My dream after my PhD is to move to back to Canada and be a professor there,’ he says. ‘But it does make me nervous how difficult it is to get funding there and I don’t want to run a lab where my students are struggling to survive.’

Michel Cayouette , the vice president of research and academic affairs at the Montreal Clinical Research Institute, says the C$1.8 billion funding boost is great news but will be insufficient to allow supervisors to increase the value of their trainees’ stipends to the amounts announced for award recipients. ‘This means that the vast majority of students and postdocs will continue to struggle financially,’ Cayouette warns. ‘There is therefore more work to do in coming years to fill the gap in funding and ensure that all trainees receive a liveable wage.’

More from Rebecca Trager

The striking truth

US National Academy of Sciences launches $8m fund to support Ukraine’s science community

New $132 million chemistry building opens at University of Maryland

• government grants
• Postdoctorate
• Postgraduate
• Universities

Related articles

Two Canadian scientists were fired in 2021 for passing information to China

2024-03-06T14:30:00Z

By Rebecca Trager

Canadian oil tar sands operations emit far more pollution than reported

2024-02-07T09:30:00Z

By James Urquhart

Canada’s graduate students crippled by wages that haven’t risen since 2003

2023-02-17T12:01:00Z

By Maria Burke

Pfizer–BioNTech vaccine gains emergency approvals in US, Canada and beyond

2020-12-14T10:24:00Z

By Anthony King

Plane shot down by Iran had dozens of Canadian scientists on board

2020-01-15T15:37:00Z

Canadian pilot to diversify research based on UK’s Athena Swan

2019-05-16T14:29:00Z

No comments yet

Only registered users can comment on this article., more from news.

Programmable liquid hints at widespread applications

2024-04-26T14:38:00Z

By Tom Metcalfe

Metal swarf transformed into electrodes for hydrogen production

2024-04-26T10:39:00Z

By Kate Tustain

New mechanism identified that is potentially linked to very early stages of Alzheimer’s

2024-04-25T13:30:00Z

By Tosin Thompson

Structural disorder key to high-capacitance carbon electrodes

2024-04-25T08:30:00Z

By Tim Wogan

E. coli engineered to become methanol addict to make industry feedstocks

2024-04-24T09:16:00Z

By Bradley van Paridon

Mystery of discrepancies in speed of sound in water cleared up by study of ions

2024-04-23T13:33:00Z

By Anna Demming

• Contributors
• Terms of use
• Accessibility
• Permissions
• This website collects cookies to deliver a better user experience. See how this site uses cookies .
• This website collects cookies to deliver a better user experience. Do not sell my personal data .
• Este site coleta cookies para oferecer uma melhor experiência ao usuário. Veja como este site usa cookies .

Site powered by Webvision Cloud