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A Glance At The Malaysian Education System

by StudyMalaysia.com on May 12, 2022 | Higher Education in Malaysia , The National Education System

Introduction to the Malaysian Education Structure (Lower and Higher Education)

Children in Malaysia begin their education as early as at the age of four at pre-schools although this is not compulsory. Primary education starts when the child reaches the age of six on the first day of January of the current school year. Prior to 2015, only the six years of primary education were compulsory but after 2015 the five years of secondary education were also made compulsory. The government provides free education for six years at primary level and five years at secondary level. At the end of this secondary education, students sit for a common public examination, Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM).

Students who want to pursue higher education after the secondary level need to have the required academic grades and the funds to further their education. School leavers with SPM qualifications can opt to obtain a pre-university qualification (such as the sixth form, matriculation programmes or the GCE 'A' levels) or study for a certificate or diploma at a higher educational institution. The time needed to complete a pre-university programme depends on the type of programmes - students usually take a year to complete a matriculation programme or STAM and one-and-a-half to two years for STPM and A-levels.

At the higher education phase, study opportunities include certificate, diploma, undergraduate, as well as postgraduate studies. Undergraduate studies consist of bachelor degrees and professional qualifications while postgraduate studies offer master degrees and PhDs. Generally, higher education at the diploma level is for school leavers with a secondary school certificate such as SPM (usually age 17 onwards) while bachelor degrees require post-secondary qualifications such as STPM or GCE A Levels or other equivalent pre-university qualifications (usually age 19 onwards).

Malaysia welcomes international students for all levels of education. Since the mid 1990s, international students have been coming to Malaysia to pursue international school education and tertiary education at the various higher educational institutions in Malaysia.

Education Governing Authorities

The Ministry of Education Malaysia (or Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia in Malay). However in 2015, the two Ministries were split again and were merged again in 2018. In 2020 the two ministries once again split with the higher education ministry under a new federal minister.

Levels of Education

Similar to many developed countries in the world, Malaysia adopts a system of 6+5+2 years of formal education. The following section provides details of the various levels of the national education system.

Categories of Educational Institutions

The Malaysian education system has been shaped to reflect the needs and identity of a multicultural society. There are at least eight broad categories of educational institutions (which include both government or public-funded institutions and private institutions) to meet the needs of its people and the international community.

At Pre-tertiary Level

There are six categories of schools:

At Higher Education Level

There are two categories of higher education institutions:

Government-funded public universities, polytechnics, and community colleges
non-university status institutions such as private colleges
university status institutions such as private universities and university colleges
foreign university branch campuses e.g. Monash University Malaysia and The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus (English is the medium of instruction at most private higher educational institutions.)

Education Legislations

The legal regulatory frameworks that govern the provision of education in Malaysia include :

The Education Act 1996
The Private Higher Educational Institutions Act 1996
The National Council on Higher Education Institution Act 1996
The Malaysian Qualifications Agency Act 2007 (replacing the previous Act namely, the National Accreditation Act Board 1996 which has been repealed)
The Universities and University Colleges (Amendment) Act 1996
The National Higher Education Fund Corporation Act 1997
The MARA Institute of Technology (Amendment) Act 2000
The National Higher Education Fund Corporation (Amendment) Act 2000
The Private Higher Educational Institutions (Amendment) Act 2009

The Education Act 1996 covers pre-tertiary levels of education under the national education system which comprises preschool, primary, and secondary education as well as post-secondary education. The other six acts regulate the provision of higher education in Malaysia. The Private Higher Educational Institutions Act 2009 is currently under review for amendments to be made.

Academic Qualifications

Academic qualifications at pre-tertiary level (under moe).

Prior to 2014, students sat for a public examination called Penilaian Menengah Rendah (PMR) or the Lower Secondary Assessment (LSA) at the end of the third year at the lower secondary level (Form 3). Subjects tested included Bahasa Malaysia, English, Mathematics, Science, Geography, History, Living Skills, Islamic Education (for Muslim students), and Moral Education (for non-Muslim students). A number of optional subjects were also available such as Mandarin, Tamil, and Arabic. Beginning 2014, the government decided to do away with the PMR as a public examination and replace it with a school-based assessment and the PT3. The Form Three Assessment (PT3) for 2021 was cancelled due to the pandemic. The Ministry of Education has yet to decide on the implementation of the PT3 examination for the 2022 session.

After two years of upper secondary education, students sit for the public common examination Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia, SPM (also known as the Malaysian Certificate of Education). The SPM is the national examination taken by all Form 5 students and is equivalent to the IGSCE or O level. Compulsory subjects include Bahasa Malaysia, English, Islamic Education (for Muslim students), Moral Studies (for non-Muslim students), History, Mathematics, and Science. Elective subjects are also offered across the fields of arts and health, information and communication technology, languages and literature, technical and vocational studies, science and mathematics, social sciences and religion.

Checkout the list of core subjects and electives (Subject packages you will choose in Form 4 .

Along with Bahasa Malaysia, History has been made a must-pass subject in the SPM examination from 2013. English has also been made a compulsory pass subject beginning 2016. Candidates who fail any of these subjects will not receive a full SPM certificate.

In addition, the Ministry of Education offers two types of free post-secondary programmes or pre-university courses for students with SPM qualifications:

The Sixth Form (lower and upper sixth form for one-and–a-half years) that prepares students for the common public examination Sijil Tinggi Persekolahan Malaysia (STPM)* which is equivalent to GCE A levels qualification, or Sijil Tinggi Agama Malaysia (STAM).
Matriculation (for one year) conducted by matriculation colleges under the Ministry of Education which award successful candidates with the matriculation certificate.

Note*: In 2012, the Ministry of Education introduced a modular system to assess the Sijil Tinggi Persekolahan Malaysia (STPM) examinations. The system is based on three semesters (for a duration of 1.5 years) where students are evaluated at the end of each one. The assessment also includes coursework and school-based projects. The content of the STPM syllabus remains the same.

Academic Qualifications at the Higher Education Level (under MOHE)

The qualifications awarded by all higher educational institutions in Malaysia registered under laws related to Malaysian education are governed by the Malaysian Qualifications Framework (MQF). The Malaysian Qualifications Act 2007 provides for the establishment of the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA) whose main role is to implement MQF. MQA is an agency under Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE).

The framework specifies that a programme is required to achieve the following minimum credits before an academic qualification can be awarded by the approved higher educational institutions, e.g. certificate (60 credits), diploma (90 credits), bachelor degree (120 credits), and taught master degree (40 credits). Master and doctoral degrees obtained by research do not have credit values.

Additional Information: MQA (Malaysian Qualifications Agency) and Higher Education Study Pathways.

The various levels of higher education qualifications based on MQF can be defined as follows:

Source: MQA

Skills Qualifications under MOHR

Besides pursuing an academic pathway to higher education qualification from certificate to PhD levels, SPM qualification holders or youths aged 16 and above have the option to pursue skill-based programmes leading to the award of skills qualifications.

These programmes allow students a pathway to acquire skills qualifications which cover Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 of the Malaysian Skills Certificate; Level 4 (Malaysian Skills Diploma); as well as Level 5 (Malaysian Skills Advance Diploma). Skill-based programmes are under the jurisdiction of the Department of Skills Development, Ministry of Human Resources (MOHR), and are provided for under the National Skills Development Act 2006. The providers of skills training are from various ministries, government agencies and private sectors.

Providers of Higher Education

Both public and private education providers play equally important roles in the provision of higher education to both Malaysian and international students. Together, the public and private sectors provide abundant study options. Higher educational institutions offer programmes that lead to the award of certificates, diplomas as well as postgraduate qualifications.

Categories of education providers Higher education providers in Malaysia can be grouped into two major categories:

public universities (20)
polytechnics 36)
community colleges (104)
private universities (50)
private university-colleges (34)
foreign university branch campuses (10)
private colleges (331)

List of higher education providers and courses offered

List of universities in Malaysia
List of private colleges in Malaysia
Universities are able to award all levels of qualification, ranging from certificate to bachelor degree to master and Ph.D degrees. For private colleges, they award their own qualifications at diploma and certificate levels as well as conduct bachelor degree study mode under collaboration arrangement with foreign university partners such as 3+0 degrees, split-degrees, degree credit transfer programme. They also provide tutorial support for preparation of professional qualification examinations.
List of course offered by featured private universities
List of courses offered by featured foreign university branch campus

General Entry Requirements

The general entry requirements and duration of study at certificate, diploma, undergraduate and postgraduate levels for higher education (academic) can be grouped as below :

(NOTE : The SPM (which is equivalent to GCSE 'O' levels) and STPM (which is equivalent to GCE 'A' levels) are the two recognised secondary and post-secondary qualifications awarded by the Malaysian government examination syndicate/board for further study in government-funded tertiary institutions. The above entry requirements do not include entry via APEL mode)

Rating of HEI

Currently there are two official rating systems for higher education institutions introduced by MOHE:

For private colleges: MOHE launched a rating system for private colleges in 2011, aptly known as Malaysia Quality Evaluation System (MYQUEST) which is carried out by the Department of Higher Education, MOHE.
For public and private universities as well as university colleges in Malaysia, the Rating System for Higher Education Institutions (SETARA) is carried out by the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA).

The Way Forward for Private Higher Educational Institutions (2020-2025)

“As of 30th September 2019, there are a total of 1,325,699 students pursuing their tertiary education in Malaysia. This consist of 574,202 (49.7%) in public universities and 666,617 (50.3%) in PHEIs. The composition of international student in PHEIs and public universities are 92,415 (70%) and 39,099 (30%) respectively.”

“The private higher education sector has achieved much for the nation and its people. It is now an equal partner with the public institution as a provider of higher education. The achievements of private sector in the last two decades have been governed by the Private Higher Educational Institution Act 1996 (Act 555). The Act was described by the then Minister of Education as a “great milestone in the history of higher education in Malaysia” and part of a “major educational reform” that had never been undertaken by the government until that date. Liberalisation policies on higher education made it important to have more transparency and flexibility in the policies and regulations underlying and connected with the Act. This would support the competitiveness and quality of private higher educational institutions and bring them on par with those of developed countries.

Private education as an industry within the services sector has a great potential of growth to accelerate Malaysia’s aspiration for the services sector to contribute 70% of Gross Domestic Products (GDP). It has contributed RM 31.5 Billion from tuition fees and cost of living to the economy of Malaysia in 2018; and would potentially grow to RM 65 Billion by 2025 and RM 84 Billion by 2030 based on a mere conservative extrapolation of 5-6% growth rate per annum.

The above is extracted from the book published by Ministry of Education Malaysia - Way Forward for Private Higher Education Institutions: Education As An Industry (2020-2025) . Download a copy here .

The well-structured higher education system in Malaysia is instrumental in enabling the government to achieve its aspirations to have a resilient nation, encourage the creation of a just society, maintain sustainable economic growth, develop global competitiveness, build a K-economy and innovative culture, strengthen human resource development and maintain sustainable environmental development.

The efforts of the government and education entrepreneurs to constantly enhance and improve the infrastructure of higher education, human resource development, and curricula in order to provide better quality higher education for students have earned the country international recognition. Malaysia has also been recognised for its success in the democratisation of higher education.

References:

Education Guide Malaysia (12th Edition)
Study in Malaysia Handbook (8th International Edition)
"National Strategic Plan For Higher Education: Laying The Foundation Beyond 2020", by MOHE
National Strategic Plan For Higher Education: Phase 1 & Phase 2
'The Way Forward' (2011), by Private Higher Education Management Sector
jpt.moe.gov.my / Malaysia Higher Education Statistics 2011
www.mqa.gov.my
Way Forward for Private Higher Education Institutions: Education As An Industry (2020-2025)

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Consult Compendium

Last updated in 2018

Chapter 1: Higher Education System

Section 1.1.: schematic description of the higher education system.

Section 1.2: Description of Higher Education System

The familiar degree structure containing Bachelor, Master’s and PhD programmes is found in Malaysia and is supplemented with undergraduate and postgraduate diploma programmes. Minimum credit values are proposed for the qualifications pegged to the Malaysian Qualifications Framework.

Programmes offered by private higher education institutions are accredited on a programme-by-programme basis. Only the programmes listed by the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA ) on the Malaysian Qualifications Register (MQR) are considered to be national awards.

Diploma courses are MQF Level 4 awards, offered by universities, polytechnics and accredited private providers. These awards are available in both the higher education and vocational sectors . The Diploma programmes require the completion of at least 90 credits in the credit system.

The Advanced Diploma is a 40-credit level 5 award in the MQF. It aims to provide individuals with the knowledge, practical skills and managerial abilities to take on more complex and higher responsibilities in the workplace.

Bachelor degree The duration of a Bachelor degree (MQF Level 6) is between three and four years (120 credits and above) , although courses in certain programmes may last longer, for example, medicine and dentistry are five-year degrees. Degree programmes usually comprise some general study courses , general and specific core courses and some chosen subjects. An Honours degree may be awarded if a sufficiently high score has been achieved. A dissertation or a final -year project may form part of the programme.

Graduate Certificate and Graduate Diploma Graduate Certificates (30 credits) and Graduate Diplomas (60 credits) are also available in some universities and accredited institutions. They are normally taken by students who wish to change their field of study or continue their professional development.

Postgraduate Certificate and Postgraduate Diploma Some institutions offer postgraduate certificate and postgraduate diploma programmes lasting between one and two years with a minimum credit value of 20 and 30 points, respectively. Most of the content of these courses are at Master’s degree level, but they tend to be shorter and include less independent study.

Master’s degree A Master’s degree requires one to three years of further study after a Bachelor degree. There are three types of Master’s degrees; a coursework only Master’s (e.g., Master of Business Administration), a research only degree and mixed-mode programmes that include a mixture of coursework and research. The programmes that contain coursework have a credit value of at least 40 credits in the framework.

Some universities also offer Master of Philosophy (MPhil) degrees . In some cases, these are the same as Master’s degrees (e.g., Master of Arts, Master of Science) by research. In other cases, they are higher research degrees that allow a student to convert their candidacy to doctoral programmes subject to specified requirements

Doctorate A PhD is awarded after the completion of a further three years of study following a Master’s degree. In certain subjects, the course can last up to seven years. Doctoral students are expected to conduct independent research that contributes to the broadening of knowledge within their area of expertise.

Collaboration between Private and Overseas Higher Education Institutions

Local colleges working with overseas institutions either offer a split degree programme or offer the entire degree programme in Malaysia.

A split degree programme can take the form of the following:

Twinning programme – the student partially completes the award at the private college and completes the remaining years at the partner institution, which then awards the qualification.
Credit transfer programme – the private college has an agreement with a number of foreign institutions so students can transfer the credits from their studies towards a degree programme at their chosen overseas institution.
Advanced standing programme – students study for one or two years at the private college. They can then get recognition for part of or all of their study to gain advanced standing to complete the remaining portion of the degree programme at a foreign institution.
Entire degree programmes can be taken at one of the private colleges. This can be done in the following ways:
3+0 programme – the entire programme is offered in Malaysia by a private college on behalf of the foreign partner institution.
External programmes – the student registers for the external programme of a foreign university, and the private college acts as a tutorial centre. The degree gained is identical to the one awarded to the internal students of the foreign university.
Distance learning – similar to the external programme, students learn through video conferencing and audio-visual materials with tutorial support provided by the private college.

Section 1.3: Number of Higher Education Institutions

Public Universities: 20
Polytechnics: 36
Community Colleges: 94

Cut-off date: 31 December 2017

Private HEIs: 467

With University Status: 53
With University Status (International University Branch Campus): 10
With University College Status: 38
With College Status: 366

Cut-off date: 31 August 2018

Section 1.4 Number of Students in Higher Education

General number of students (enrolment) & n umber of students divided by type of institution

Number of foreign students

Number of outgoing exchange students with credit transfer : not available

Number of incoming exchange students with credit transfer : not available

Cut-off date: 31 December 2017, Source: http://www.mohe.gov.my/muat-turun/awam/statistik

Section 1.5: Structure of Academic Year

Typical structure of an academic year are as follows:

*Including study week and exam

The beginning of academic year varies by institution . For public institutions, the academic year for most programmes begin in September and ends in May. Some institutions begin their academic year in February and ends it in November. There are also institutions which begin their academic year in June.

Section 1.6: National Qualifications Framework (or Similar)

The Malaysian Qualifications Framework (MQF) is a national instrument, which develops and classifies qualifications based on a set of criteria that is nationally agreed and internationally benchmarked, and which clarifies the academic levels, learning outcomes and credit system based on student academic load. There eight levels of outcome-based qualification in the MQF.

Section 1.7: Learning Outcomes in Higher Education

Learning outcomes are statements that explain what students should know, understand and can do upon successful completion of a period of study, which generally lead to a qualification or part of a qualification.

Below are the five clusters of learning outcomes in MQF:

Further, the learning outcomes are asserted in three categories, which are levels of qualification, fields of study and programme.

Section 1.8: Admission Requirements to Higher Education

The general entry requirement for undergraduate degrees is the Malaysian Higher School Certificate (Sijil Tinggi Persekolahan Malaysia, STPM), Matriculation or an equivalent pre-university programme. The minimum entrance requirement is three passes in the STPM and applicants are generally expected to have achieved at least two principal passes, but in practice higher scores are needed. A minimum CGPA of 2.00 (grade C) in the Matriculation Examination is required to be considered for university admission, but a higher grade is normally needed to gain a place. The Unified Examination Certificate (UEC) Senior Middle Level Certificate is not accepted for entry into public universities, but often allows access to private institutions.

The minimum entry requirement to higher education are as follows

Language requirements

For Diploma level programmes, students are expected to achieve Band 2 in the Malaysian University English Test (MUET) or a Score of 4.0 in the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) or its equivalent. For Bachelor level, it is MUET Band 3 or IELTS 5.0 or its equivalent. For postgraduate programmes, international students are expected to achieve language proficiency of IELTS 5.0 or its equivalent. But, some fields of study require higher score, for example, programmes in the field of Business Studies require IELTS Score of 6.0 or its equivalent.

Section 1.9: Grading System

Section 1.10: tuition fee system for international students.

The fees for international students include tuition fees and other study fees depending on the field of studies and duration of a programme. The Ministry of Education (Higher Education Sector) is the entitty that monitors and controls the fees for international students studying in Malaysia.

Section 1.11: Graduation Requirements and/or Qualification Awarding Requirements

For Bachelors Programm e minimum graduation credit is 120. For Masters Programme minimum CGPA for graduation is 3.00 and above with a minimum graduating credit of 40.

Section 1.12: Relevant Current and Prospective Reforms in Higher Education

Mid-Term Review of Malaysia Education Blueprint (MEB) 2015-2025 (Higher Education)

Based on the current political and socio-economic progress in Malaysia and the internal restructuring of the Ministry of Education, a review of the successful implementation of Wave 1 and the progress of Wave 2 of the MEB (HE) is needed for timely intervention, re-strategizing and ensuring the success of Wave 3 implementation.
With the fast changing global patterns and trends (emergence and awareness of Industrial Revolution 4, Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0, etc.), further realignment of the MEB (HE) is needed to embrace these changes for a happier, loving and mutually trusting education ecosystem.
Thorough review of the effectiveness of the implementation, current achievements and challenges of the ten transformational shifts of the Malaysia Education Blueprint (MEB) 2015-2025 (Higher Education).
A comprehensive review of the Malaysia Education Blueprint (MEB) 2015-2025 (Higher Education).
best practices from benchmarking
the needs of current challenges and future trends

Chapter 2: Quality Assurance in Higher Education

Section 2.1: quality assurance body in higher education.

Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA)

The establishment of a new entity which merges the National Accreditation Board (LAN) and the Quality Assurance Division, Ministry of Higher Education (QAD) was approved by the Government on 21 December 2005. This entity is responsible for quality assurance of higher education for both the public and the private sectors.

The new entity , the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA) , was established on 1 November 2007 with the coming in force of the Malaysian Qualifications Agency Act 2007. The MQA was officially launched by the Honourable Minister of Higher Education, Dato’ Mustapa Mohamed, on 2 November 2007.

The main role of the MQA is to implement the Malaysian Qualifications Framework (MQF) as a basis for quality assurance of higher education and as the reference point for the criteria and standards for national qualifications. The MQA is responsible for monitoring and overseeing the quality assurance practices and accreditation of national higher education.

The establishment of the MQA saw LAN dissolved and its personnel absorbed into the MQA.

With the vision to be a global authority on quality assurance of higher education and the mission to put in place a system of quality assurance that is recognised internationally, the MQA is set to chart new boundaries in higher education quality assurance.

As a quality assurance body, the functions of MQA are:

To implement MQF as a reference point for Malaysian qualifications;
To develop standards and credits and all other relevant instruments as national references for the conferment of awards with the cooperation of stakeholders;
To quality assure higher education institutions and programmes;
To accredit courses that fulfil the set criteria and standards;
To facilitate the recognition and articulation of qualifications; and
To maintain the Malaysian Qualifications Register (MQR)

Programmes offered by public institutions are listed on the MQR if they are recognised by the Public Service Department or by the relevant professional body.

There are two processes involved in the current MQA accreditation system:

Provisional Accreditation – this initial process is designed to help higher education providers achieve accreditation by enhancing the standards and quality of provision.Accreditation – this is a formal recognition that the certificate, diploma or degree programme meets MQA standards.
New courses are initially given provisional accreditation and full accreditation is awarded once a full cycle has been completed.

http://www.mqa.gov.my/PortalMQAv3/default/en/profil_MQA.cfm

Section 2.2: Quality Assurance System

Section 2.3: link programme authorisation with quality assurance.

Malaysian Qualifications Register (MQR)

Section 81 of the Malaysian Qualifications Agency Act 2007 (Act 679) provides that the Agency shall establish and maintain a national register known as the Malaysian Qualifications Register (MQR), containing programmes, qualifications and higher education providers accredited under the Act.

The MQR is the reference poin t for accredited programmes awarded by higher education providers. These programmes or qualifications (i.e., certificate, diploma, advanced diploma, or degree) must conform to the Malaysian Qualifications Framework.

The objectives of the MQR are:

to provide information on accredited programmes and qualifications;
to enable stakeholders to know, understand and make comparison on the features of a qualification and its relationship with other qualifications;
to facilitate the credit transfer process.

Contents of MQR are as follows:

name and address of the higher education institution
application reference number
name of the qualification
field of the qualification
validity period
qualification level
credit requirements to graduate and
Mode and duration of study.

Additional information such as learning outcome statements of the programme, admission criteria and other relevant information will be uploaded from time to time.

The MQR plays a significant role in ensuring that accredited higher education qualifications are registered and made available for reference to all stakeholders. Higher education providers, both local and foreign, may apply to have their qualifications registered in the MQR provided that the programmes fulfill the standards and criteria set and are accredited.

The MQR also contains information on the credit requirements of each qualification or programme, and thus facilitate the credit transfer process from one level to another.

The information in the MQR can also be used for certification or clarification regarding any registered qualification. Any interested party may refer to the MQR in order to obtain verification on the status of any qualification. An extract from the MQR is available upon request. http://www2.mqa.gov.my/mqr/

Chapter 3: Credit System in Higher Education

Section 3.1: description of credit system.

Provision for credit system is stated in MQA Act 2007 section 36(f) ‘to establish a credit system to facilitate credit accumulation and transfer which is acceptable within and outside Malaysia’.

Credit system plays an increasingly important role in higher education, both at national and international levels.

Its key importance lies in its ability to quantify and record student-learning achievements.

Credit system:

helps to measure student learning and programme transparency;
provides flexibility to HEPs in programme design and delivery;
helps to achieve common understanding and secure standards of qualifications;
facilitates credit transfer and recognition within, and among the skills, technical and vocational, academic and professional sectors;
facilitates comparability of qualifications locally or internationally by comparing credit load;
aids access and credit transfers based on assessment of prior formal, informal and non-formal learnings; and
promotes mobility of students and workers between institutions, regionally and globally.Credit has both qualitative and quantitative value overall. MQF is also seen as Credit-Reference Qualifications Framework as mandatory minimum credit accumulation for each level and transferable credits are prescribed and regulated. At the institutional and programme levels, policies and requirements on credit exemptions and transfers between programmes and between institutions locally and abroad, must be provided.

Key elements to be observed on the credit system:

The MQA Act 2007 defines a credit as ‘a representative measure to reflect the academic load’. Within the MQF, ‘credit is a quantitative measure that represents the volume of learning or academic load to attain the set of learning outcomes.’ It is a measure of the total academic/learning load or volume of learning a student must undertake to achieve a defined group of learning outcomes.
In this aspect, ‘academic load’ is a quantitative measure of all the learning activities required to achieve a defined set of learning outcomes: lectures, tutorial, seminar, practical, clinical practice, self-study, retrieval of information, studio work, research, fieldwork, WBL as well as preparing and sitting for an examination.
The Malaysian credit value is 1 credit equivalent to 40 Notional Learning Hours (NLHs). This took into consideration the semester system and assumption of availability of learning hours of average students, various learning activities, guided or independent learning and non-face-to-face-learning.
Credit(s) may also be acquired by learners through assessment and validation of prior experiential learning in other settings.
The minimal credit load for each level is defined by the Framework (and is independent of the mode of delivery of learning). However, higher credit requirements for specific qualifications are established, indicated based on fields of study or for professional programmes accordingly.
Credit transfer is subject to the policy and framework set to enable learners to accumulate credits and to transfer credit.
Credit exemption: Allows a student to be granted credit on application for exemption for a course(s) based upon learning achieved in another programme. However, this does not preclude institutions from requiring, of those granted credit transfers or exemptions, obligations to meet all graduation requirements, including the satisfactory completions of the minimum number of courses of that institution.

http://www.mqa.gov.my/portalmqav3/document/mqf/MQF%202nd%20Edition%2002042018.pdf

Section 3.2: Credit Transfer System(s)

Not applicable.

Section 3.3: Additional Information

CT can be performed either vertically or horizontally through subject to subject mapping. A strict subject-to-subject compatibility in terms of intended learning outcomes, content and performance is expected to be applied for curriculum components that define the body of knowledge of a programme. These include subjects classified as core, major, minor and specialisation.
The applicant must have obtained a minimum grade of C or its equivalent (satisfactory performance or a pass) in the previous course;
The credit transfer must be for the same credit as the course credits of the programme being transferred into;
The credit transfer must be based on subject or course mapping with at least 80% match in content and equivalent course outcomes (parity of course); and
The programme from which the course credits are transferred from are accredited or approved in the country of origin (recognition).

CT for APEL(C)

APEL(C) prescribes method of assessing knowledge gained from work or life experiences. On top of that, knowledge gained from previously subscribed short courses may allow credit transfer for related courses in academic programmes enrolled at higher education institutions.
APEL(C) permits individuals to be exempted from taking certain subjects which will eventually help to accelerate in the completion of their study. Upon the mapping exercise conducted on the candidates, the achievement of learning outcomes can be measured for the credit transfer to be awarded.

This initiative is consistent with the government aspiration in supporting lifelong learning

CT for MOOC

Acumulative experiences and learning through MOOC are assessable and can be awarded with credits. Thus, the national policy recognises the award of credits for learning through MOOC and it covers all disciplines and levels of qualifications in the Malaysian Qualifications Framework (MQF).
Candidates with MOOC whose achievement were verified based on the competency assessed can be awarded with credits. However, MOCC offered has to be confirmed on its quality, sufficiency of curriculum content and equivalency of credits for the related courses in academic programmes at higher education institutions.

CT for Mobility Programme

The mobility programme aims at enriching students’ learning experience through residential programme in other institutional environment. The programme may i nvolve collaboration between local institutions or between local institutions with foreign institutions. The credits earned through this programme at the host institution are transferable to the academic programme conducted at the sending institution.
The HEPs involved in student mobility programme must have a clear advance standing arrangement with their partners which describes CT applications and options according to different curriculum components of the main programme of studies. A strict subject-to-subject mapping is expected for core, major, minor and specialisation as compared to mapping for open elective courses. In principle, student should enjoy a greater flexibility in completing the overall credit requirement of open elective components through mobility programme.

Section 3.4: Application of Credit System in Higher Education Institutions Obligatory?

Section 3.5: number of credits per academic year/semester.

The number of credits per standard academic year is 50 credits. Semester system https://bit.ly/2y9FELE

Section 3.6: Number of Credits per Higher Education Cycle

Short cycle programmes (level 5) are 40.
Bachelor programmes (level 6) are 120 credits.
The number of credits for a Master programme (level 7) is minimum 40 credits
PhD by Mixed mode and Coursework is minimum 80 credits (there are no credits for Masters by Research (level 7) and PhD (level 8)).

Section 3.7: Description of Credit Unit

The Malaysian credit value is one credit equivalent to 40 Notional Learning Hours ( NLHs). This took into consideration the semester system and assumption of availability of learning hours of average students, various learning activities, guided or independent learning and non-face-to-face-learning. These activities include lecture, tutorial, seminar, practical, self-study, retrieval of information, research, fieldwork, as well as preparing for, and sitting of, an examination

Section 3.8: Link between Learning Outcomes and Credits

The MQF defines a credit as a representative measure to reflect the academic load. Academic load is a quantitative measure of all the learning activities required to achieve a defined set of learning outcomes.

DATA KERING PERUBAHAN IKLIM BERTUKAR MENJADI MELODI HIDUP

$sijil diploma degree master phd$

ASPEK NEGATIF MEMPENGARUHI KECEMERLANGAN MURID KOREA SELATAN DALAM MATEMATIK?

Teknostres dilema pendidikan di Malaysia?

JANGAN PANDANG RENDAH PADA BUIH

Artikel AJAR

“PhD ni apa sebenarnya? Macam mana nak sambung?”

Perjalanan pendidikan daripada SPM sehinggalah ke PhD sering kali menjadi tanda tanya pelajar – pelajar di Malaysia. Antara soalan yang sering dilontarkan adalah apa perbezaan sarjana muda dengan sarjana? Apa keperluan ambil doktor falsafah? Bagaimana dengan tawaran biasiswa?

Dr Aid Fawzal menerangkan secara umum gambaran pendidikan tinggi untuk mereka yang berminat untuk melanjutkan pengajian.

Perjalanan Kepada PhD

Di sini saya (Dr Aid Fawzal) telah sediakan gambarajah aliran system pendidikan. Kotak melambangkan tahap pendidikan and garis putus2 merangkumkan kumpulan tahap pendidikan. Anak panah adalah aliran yang mempunyai kemungkinan untuk naik ke tahap yang lebih superior. Juga disertakan expected outcome (hasil yg diharapkan) berdasarkan kumpulan tahap pendidikan di awal garis putus2.

Bermula dengan SPM yang kita ambil di tahun akhir persekolahan peringkat ke dua, seseorang boleh memilih (kalau gred bagus) atau menilai sewajarnya; utk menyambung pelajaran samaada ke STPM atau Foundation/Matrikulasi atau Sijil kemahiran atau terus ke tahap Degree. Begitulah seterusnya sehinggalah Ph.D.

STPM / Asasi / Sijil Kemahiran / Diploma

Seseorang yg mempunyai sijil SPM atau STPM atau Foundation/Matrikulasi sepatutnya memahami asas2 ilmu dalam pelbagai bidang. Maka kerja2 yang sesuai untuk tahap pendidikan ini adalah kerja2 umum dan pelbagai. Manakala seseorang yg mempunyai Sijil Kemahiran atau Diploma layak menjadi tenaga mahir dalam bidang2 khusus yang dipelajari. Dengan demikian kita lihat mereka yang mempunyai kelayakan di tahap ini bekerja sebagai juruteknik atau pembantu jurutera dan sebagainya.

Sarjana Muda / Degree

Pada tahap Degree, pembelajarannya lebih terperinci terhadap suatu bidang (contoh: mechanical engineering) dan ianya bermula dari skop yang luas pada tahun2 awal pendidikan (calculus,algebra,fizik, etc.) sehingga subjek2 teras pada hujung tahun pendidikan (mechanical science, fluid mechanics, thermodynamic, etc.). Dengan demikian graduan degree seharusnya mampu untuk mengaplikasikan ilmu yang dipelajari terhadap tugasan2 yang diberikan oleh majikan ketika bekerja. Seseorang didalam bidang kejuruteraan biasanya akan diberi kedudukan jurutera.

Sarjana / Master

Di peringkat Master pula, subjek2 teras sama seperti tahun akhir Degree tadi di selami dengan lebih terperinci lagi. Ini bergantung terhadap mode pembelajaran sesebuah universiti yang mana ada university yang fokus ke arah akademik, ada yang fokus kepada industri dan ada yang seimbang di antara akademik dan industri. Apa yang penting, seseorang graduan Master sepatutnya mempunyai kemahiran dalam pemikiran kritikal (critical thinking) disebabkan kebanyakan assignment yg diambil sewaktu pembelajaran adalah di luar dari pembelajaran didalam kelas.

Ph.D adalah tahap tertinggi dalam pendidikan formal (formal education). Ph.D adalah sama seperti Final Year Project untuk Degree dan Master (biasa 3bln) yang dipanjangkan menjadi 3 tahun atau lebih.

Perbezaan paling ketara adalah, Ph.D memerlukan sebuah penemuan baru (novelty) yang perlu disumbangkan kepada ‘body of knowledge’ atau industri. Hal yg demikian, pelajar Ph.D perlu menghabiskan masa pada tahun awal untuk mencari jurang penyelidikan (research gap) dan jurang ini akan di isi sewajarnya pada tahun2 berikutnya. Hasil penyelidikan boleh jadi dalam bentuk penemuan formula baru, method baru, design baru atau kombinasi yang tidak pernah ada sesiapa didalam dunia ini menemukannya terlebih dahulu sebelum anda.

Perbezaan lain antara Ph.D dengan tahap2 sebelumnya adalah majoriti Ph.D menggabungkan beberapa bidang. Sebagai contoh bidang pembelajaran saya ketika ini adalah mechanical, electrical & automotive engineering. Seseorang yang mempunyai Ph.D kebiasaannya bekerja sebagai pensyarah yang mana beliau juga perlu menjalankan penyelidikan disamping mengajar.

Pun begitu, terdapat permintaan yang unik di dalam industri terhadap graduan Ph.D terutama pada sektor penyelidikan atau kerja2 perundingan (consultancy). Hal ini kerana graduan Ph.D seharusnya mempunyai sifat penyelidik yang berwibawa (competent researcher) dan menjadi expert dalam bidang yang diceburi.

Mencari Penaja

Di sini saya sediakan jadual yang mempunyai tiga pilihan untuk kemungkinan badan penaja yang anda boleh mencuba. Ke tiga-tiga pilihan ini mempunyai kelebihan dan kekurangan tersendiri. Mari kita fahami pilihan2 ini.

Pilihan 1: IPT Dalam Negara

Ini adalah cara paling popular bagi rakyat Malaysia untuk menyambung pelajaran ke peringkat Ph.D. Pembukaan penajaan kebiasaannya dibuka untuk kakitangan IPT tersebut dalam program menaiktaraf tahap pendidikan pengajar (lecturer/tutor). Ada juga didapati beberapa IPT membuat tour di dalam dan luar negara untuk temu duga terbuka bagi mencari individu yang berkebolehan dan mempunyai kemahuan melanjutkan pelajaran. Tawaran boleh jadi di buka utk pengajian di dalam atau di luar negara.

Rata – rata IPT mempunyai sasaran tertentu dari segi bidang mengikut latarbelakang IPT tersebut. Akan tetapi kebiasaannya calon perlu menyediakan kertas kerja (proposal) dan mencari University/supervisor sendiri. Pembiayaan adalah sepenuhnya dan di hujung pembelajaran, calon perlu berkhidmat utk IPT dalam beberapa tempoh yang dipersetujui. Anda mungkin perlu bersaing dengan kelompok khas yang telah berdaftar terdahulu atau mempunyai kepentingan untuk melanjutkan pelajaran yang lebih utama daripada anda.

Jika anda memilih pilihan ini, mohon janganlah anda memutuskan bonding sebaik sahaja selesai pembelajaran. Ini kerana pembiayaan dan pembelajaran anda selama ini adalah seperti investment oleh badan penaja tersebut. Anda membawa harapan masyarakat untuk pulang dan berbakti kembali terhadap institusi penaja.

Pilihan 2: Organisasi Dalam Negara

Pilihan kedua ini adalah yg ke dua popular di Malaysia. Organisasi boleh jadi dalam bentuk kerajaan (MARA, JPA), hubungan kerajaan (Japan Monbukagakusho, Korean Government), syarikat2 (Maybank, Maxis) atau foundation2. Iklan biasanya boleh di dapati di akhbar2 dan website badan2 tersebut. Tawaran boleh jadi di buka utk pengajian di dalam dan kebanyakannya utk pengajian di luar negara.

Meh nak ajar cara mudah, google “malaysia scholarship” dan anda akan dapati beberapa page2 bagus yang telah menyusun kebanyakan scholarship semasa. Tapis sendiri untuk biasiswa Ph.D. Contoh: http://afterschool.my/scholarship/ http://scholarships.malaysia-students.com/

Organisasi yang menawarkan penajaan ini ada yang mempunyai bidang khusus (contoh Maybank mesti nak bidang business/banking) dan ada juga yang membuka pilihan kepada calon pelajar. Pembiayaan adalah sepenuhnya dan bonding bergantung kepada jenis organisasi pembiayaan. Disebabkan persaingan ditahap nasional, anda akan melalui beberapa screening process sebelum mendapatkan tawaran. Saya pernah melalui ujian kemasukan untuk Japan Monbukagakusho – tak berjaya & tak patah semangat.

Pilihan 3: Organisasi Luar Negara

Pilihan terakhir ini sangat khusus dimana pembiayaan akan datang bersama bidang dan tajuk khusus. Ini kerana organisasi luar ini mempunyai keperluan dalam Ph.D anda. Tawaran boleh di lihat di website universiti seluruh dunia. Cara paling mudah adalah dengan mengujungi https://www.findaphd.com/ dan tapis mengikut bidang dan negara pilihan anda. Saya sendiri mengunakan website ini dan telah membuat 9 permohonan serata dunia sebelum mendapat tawaran yang sekarang saya lalui.

Pembiayaan adalah berbeza2. Antara kemungkinannya adalah:- A: Pembiayaan Pelajaran & Perbelanjaan sepenuhnya B: Pembiayaan Pelajaran sepenuhnya tetapi tiada Perbelanjaan disertakan. C: Pembiayaan Pelajaran mengikut yuran rakyat tempatan tetapi Perbelanjaan disertakan. D: Pembiayaan Pelajaran mengikut yuran rakyat tempatan tetapi tiada Perbelanjaan disertakan.

Kebanyakan organisasi luar tidak mempunyai bonding selepas pembelajaran. Ini kerana hasil penemuan semasa Ph.D akan menjadi milik mereka secara total IP Ownership (Intelectual property), manakala anda layak mendapat ijazah Ph.D dan ilmu yang dipelajari. Pilihan ini mempunyai persaingan antarabangsa dan sangat sengit. Jadi usaha kuat2 & letak kebergantungan terhadap Allah sepenuhnya.

Selamat mencuba.

Apapun, proses pembelajaran Ph.D ini sangat intensif dan memerlukan komitment yang mendalam terhadap kerja penyelidikan. Oleh itu, pilihlah tajuk yang sesuai dengan minat, supervisors yang mahu menerima anda dan badan penaja yang memahami hal-ehwal pembelajaran. Sesiapa sahaja boleh melanjutkan ke tahap ini kerana Ph.D tidak memerlukan kepandaian tetapi kemahuan dan kecerdikan (ayat ni mungkin kontroversi, tp aku bukan pandai mana pon dlm academik).

Pengakhir, Ph.D adalah satu process qualitive dan bukan quantitative bermaksud ia bukan di ukur dengan durasi masa (lagi cepat habis lagi power.. TAK!). Tapi pembiayaan biasanya datang dengan durasi masa.

Aid Fawzal Coventry University & YASA Motors Ltd.

Ahli Matematik Teragung Yang Tidak Pernah Wujud

Nombor 0 – Ciptaan Agung Manusia yang Sebenarnya Dicipta orang Melayu

Automated External Defibrillator: Menyelamatkan mangsa serangan jantung tiba-tiba (Cardiac Arrest)

Ramai orang pandai salah jawab soalan mudah ni!

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Programmes Offered

Centre for foundation and general studies, faculty of communication, visual art & computing, faculty of education & social sciences, faculty of health sciences.

Portal Pendidikan, Kerjaya dan Informasi, Utama di Malaysia

Apa Itu Sijil, Diploma, Ijazah, Sarjana dan PHD ?

Mungkin ada yang mengetahui apa itu pengajian di peringkat sijil, peringkat ijazah, sarjana dan PHD . Namun demikian masih ada yang bertanya dan minta penjelasan lebih lanjut mungkin tentang pengertian, contoh, tempoh pengajian, kos pengajian dan sebagainya.

Untuk hari sabtu ni Saya ada sediakan sedikit info tentang peringkat pembelajaran ni, peringkat-peringkat kelulusan atau iktisas sebenarnya sangat penting untuk dimaklumkan kepada setiap penuntut ilmu kerana ia merupakan pengetahuan asas yang mana pengetahuan ini memberikan motivasi ataupun penunjuk arah dalam menentukan halatuju kerjaya hidup.

Peringkat kelulusan dan dipanggil iktisas ini dibahagikan kepada 5 peringkat utama. peringkat tersebut terdiri dari sijil, diploma, ijazah sarjana muda, ijazah sarjana dan PHD.

Peringkat pertama/ permulaan

Peringkat mula-mula yang ramai orang ambil/belajar ialah peringkat Sijil ( Certificate ), Kebiasaan yang popular diambil ialah Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia. Manakala kursus lain seperti Sijil elektrik, Sijil kejuruteraan awam, Sijil pembantu perubatan dan banyak lagi. Pendek kata, apa sahaja yang nama kursus yang dimulakan dengan perkataan ” sijil ” itulah menunjukkan peringkatnya.

Tempoh pengajian peringkat sijil pula memakan masa maksima 2 tahun dan ada juga kursus peringkat sijil memerlukan tempoh paling minima 6 bulan. Yuran pengajian kebiasaanya RM 500 untuk sekali belajar dan kebiasaanya RM 450 dan biasiswa pula bergatung kepada penaja kursus tersebut. Jika kursus itu ditaja oleh agensi berkaitan kerajaan kebiasaanya biasiswa disediakan menerusi latihan dalam pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan.

Peringkat kedua

Peringkat ini kelulusan lebih tinggi dari peringkat sijil iaitu peringkat Diploma. Peringkat diploma ini merupakan peringkat separa profesional. Peringkat ini memerlukan syarat mempunyai sijil untuk memohon kursus-kursus yang ditawarkan. Kursus diploma ini dinamakan seperti Diploma kejuruteraan awam, Diploma perakaunan dan banyak lagi.

Tempoh pengajian peringkat diploma ini kebiasaanya 3 tahun dan kos pengajian kira-kira 15 ribu. Jika pengajian di universiti swasta mungkin lebih dari Rm 15 ribu tu.

Peringkat ketiga

Peringkat ini adalah paling popular sekarang iaitu kelulusan diperingkat Ijazah, Nama penuh peringkat ini dinamakan Ijazah Sarjana Muda. Peringkat ini adalah peringkat profesional dengan memerlukan kelulusan sekurang-kurang mempunyai diploma ataupun kursus persediaan seperti di Matrikulasi ataupun SIjil Tinggi Pelajaran Malaysia STPM. Contoh kursus ialah Ijazah Sarjana muda perubatan.

Tempoh pengajian pula ialah sekitar 5-3 tahun kebiasaannya adalah 4 tahun, tetapi kebanyakan kursus perubatan mungkin memakan masa 6-5 tahun bergantung kepada bilangan matapelajaran yang diambil. kos pengajian pula tidak tetap dan kebiasaannya sekitar 20ribu ringgit bagi sepanjang kursus diambil.

Peringkat keempat

Peringkat ini adalah peringkat lebih mencabar, Peringkat ini dinamakan sebagai kelulusan Ijazah Sarjana atau ” Master “. Peringkat ini kebiasaanya mengambil masa kira-kira 2-3 tahun kerana ia melibatkan pembelajaran lebih khusus dan lanjutan dari ijazah tadi. Kebiasaanya peringkat ini mengambil masa 2 tahun boleh dibuat secara sepenuh masa atau Sambilan.

Kos pengajian Peringkat ini kebiasaannya sekitar 15 ribu bergantung kepada institusi yang dimohon.

Peringkat Lima

Peringkat ini merupakan peringkat terakhir dalam kelulusan pendidikan iaitu peringkat PHD atau Doktor Falsafah, Peringkat ini pengajian lebih mencabar dan memerlukan komitmen yang tinggi dalam mentelaah dan membuat kajian. Peringkat ini memerlukan syarat mempunyai Sarjana untuk diterima menyambung pengajian.

Kos belajar peringkat ini kira-kira 20 ribu dan tempoh pengajian 5-4 tahun. Tetapi kebiasaanya adalah 4 tahun kecuali kursus yang sukar atau mempunyai masalah dalam menyelesaikan kajian ataupun bilangan matapelajaran yang banyak.

Sebenarnya ada banyak lagi info yang boleh dihuraikan oleh 5 peringkat ini termasuk peluang kerjaya, contoh kerjaya, bentuk pengajian dan sebagainya. Tetapi untuk hari cuti ni cukuplah dengan yang dinyatakan tu kita akan sambung lain kali. 😀

Terima kasih.

117 thoughts on “ Apa Itu Sijil, Diploma, Ijazah, Sarjana dan PHD ? ”

Assalamualaikum, saya nak tanya. Saya sekarang sedang menjalani Diploma Pendidikan Islam di Marsah. Kalau saya nak melanjutkan pelajaran di mana mana Universiti di peringkat Degree, adakah saya perlu ambil Ijazah sarjana muda Pendidikan Islam atau boleh ambil kursus lain yang berkaitan? sebab saya bercita cita ingin menjadi guru pendidikan islam di Sekolah menengah.

Wsalam.. kebiasannya ada tawaran untuk lanjutkan pelajaran bagi setiap institusi, jika tidak memenuhi..boleh juga memohon kembali di UPU bila buka nanti..tapi kali ni mohon untuk permohonan ijazah sarjana muda.

Baik, Terima Kasih Tuan 🙂

degree peringkat ke berapa

Degree dalam bahasa inggris.. dalam bahasa melayu ijazah.. biasanya degree dimaksudkan ijazah sarjana muda..sebab kalau ijazah sarjana adalah Master.

Pingback: Diploma : 3 Kelebihan Dan Kelemahan Diploma

Klau diploma ambik course automotive nanti sambung degree ambil course sesuai?

Banyak peringkat ISM nanti..universiti bitara kejuruteraan seperti UTM, UTHM pun ada. Sebaiknya saudara rujuk rujukan UPU untuk lihat senarai pengajian berkaitan.

salam…saya nak bertanya… saya nak buat degree perubatan akan tetapi sekarang saya masih dalam degree biomedical science…cadangmya lepas habis degree pertama,saya nak persue ke degree medical.. saya mempunyai diploma dalam bidang kejururawatan dan SPM saya bukan dari sains tulen… adakah boleh saya melanjutkan ke bidang perubatan tu??

Pingback: Apa Itu Diploma Pengurusan Pelancongan – Xpresi

Salam tuan. Tuan tahu dimana tempat yg ada buat kursus sijil kejuruteraan awam ?

Assalammulaikum,saya nk bertanya adakah Sijil Professional sama taraf dengan Sarjana?

Salam tuan, saya nak tanya.. sy mempunyai Master flm bidang Pengurusan (Sumber Manusia). Boleh ke sekiranya saya ingin menyambung PhD dalam bidang pendidikan?

assalamualaikuM, saya diploma course lain kalau ijazah nak amik course lain boleh kea?

Waalaikumussalam, boleh..tapi kne berkaitan..cth diploma kejuruteraan awam, boleh juga ambil kejuruteraan elekronik dan berkaitan.. Diploma sains boleh juga ambil ijazah alam sekitar, kimia atau kesihatan

Assalamualaikum, Kolej Matrikulasi tergolong dalam peringkat yang mana?

Waalaikumussalam, matrikulasi kini setaraf dengan diploma/ Asasi.

assalamualaikum,boleh sya thu berapa tempoh masa yg diperlukan untuk menamatkan ijazah sarjana muda undang-undang syariah di UM?

assalamualaikum. nak tanya satu soalan. macam mana kita mahu tahu kerjaya apa kita dapat kalau bidang apa yang kita ambil di UA. contoh “kalau ambil ijazah sarjanamuda antropologi dan sosiologi, apa kerjaya yang bakal saya dapat”. boleh tolong bagitahu mengenai semua bidang di UA. kalau ada websitenya boleh minta?

Assalamualaikum, Boleh terangkan sikit apa itu “Ijazah pertama” ?

Assalam, sy baru grad diploma dgn HPNM 2.81 mata. Kalau saya sambung degree brapa taun agaknya?? Harap admin dapat balas segera.

Jika dulu 4 tahun, tapi skrg ni ada yg disingkatkan pada 6 semester utk diploma. Tapi bergantung juga pada kursus yang diambil dan ketetapan universiti, baik shafiqi dapatkan maklumat lanjut dengan universiti yang diminati.

assalammualaikum, apa beza first class degree dengan degree biasa? Saya ada terbaca kalau first class degree privilege dia kita dapat skip master. Is it true? thnank you.

Salam,saya ingin bertanya apakah hala tuju saya selepas mengambil sijil profesional ? Adakah saya boleh terus sambung degree menggunakan sijil professional atau perlu mengambil diploma dahulu ?

Salam tuan,saya merupakan lepasan spm,apakah kebaikan apabila saya mengambil sijil profesional di UM ? Kemanakah hala tuju selepas mengambil sijil profesional ? Boleh saya sambing degree dengan menggunakan sijil profesional ?

kalau saya berminat nak ambil STPM + ijazah + master, berapa lama tempoh masa saya belajar ya??

Kami ada buat artikel berkaitan tempoh masa pengajian ni, cuba rujuk https://www.xpresi.org/tempoh-masa-belajar-stpm-ijazah-master/

assalamualaikum..saya nak tanya selepas saya mengambil sijil lanjutan adakah saya boleh sambung mengambil diploma…..ape faedah sijil lanjutan ni…harap membantu,,,

assalammualaikum.saya nak tanya , klau kursus yg saya ambil ni.,pengajian video Dan filem di politeknik.bila nak sambung buat ijazah ada tak course tu kat mana2 institut?

Akak sambung degree Kat mana skrg ?

Assalamualaikum. Jika sudah mempunyai Diploma dari politeknik, adakah berbaloi jika saya ingin mengambil sijil kemahiran seperti Penjaga Jentera atau sepatutnya lebih berbaloi jika saya menerusi pengajian saya ke tahap yang lebih tinggi iaitu ijazah sarjana muda. Mohon pencerahan daripada yang berpengetahuan.

Waalaikumussalam, bergantung pada ariff, tapi sebaiknya teruskan menuju aras tinggi dalam pembelajaran jika layak n mampu. jika boleh, sambung belajar sampai PHD.

SALAM . APA DIMAKSUDKAN DIPLOMA LANJUTAN ?

Assalamualikum, say ingin bertanya..jika pengambilan sijil dimana yew yang menawarkannya pengambilan sijil sahaja??

Waalaikumussalam, banyak..di Institut kemahiran spt IKM, ILP, Kolej Komuniti.. IPT juga ada menawarkan sijil.

Assalamualaikum. Sy ada kemusykilan. Skrg ni sy sdg menyambung pengajian peringkat ijazah dalam bidang kejuruteraan awam. Adakah boleh sekiranya selepas tamat pengajian nanti sy nk sambung lg pengajian ke peringkat sarjana tetapi dlm bidang pengurusan perniagaan. Terima kasih.

Boleh kah ambil master tanpa degree. guna pengalaman kerja sahaja

rasanya xboleh.. mmg kne ikut peringkat..sbb masa nak mohon tu mmg dia akan minta kelayakan sebelumnya..

assalamualikum .. saya ingin bertanya .. bolehkah sijil ikm menyambung pelajaran diploma ke kktm ? dan jika orang tu mempunyai sijil lvl 3 dari kolej swasta dan keputusan spm hanya 3 kredit .. tetapi math tidak kredit hanya lulus ingin menyambung diploma ke kktm dapatkah di terima sambil membuat surat rayuan ?

Salam, saya merupakan pemegang/lepasan diploma perakaunan, jika saya menyambung pengajian dalam Ijazah Sarjana Muda Perakaunan secara separuh masa, berapa lama agaknya tempoh penggajian (semester) untuk program separuh masa dari serba pengetahuan Tuan.

Assalamualaikum . Nak tanya . Kalau nk ambik courses dkt uitm shah alam blh ambil lebih dr satu ke?

Waalaikumussalam, kalau dalam permohonan boleh mohon lebih dari satu..Tapi kalau belajar/menuntut hanya boleh satu..

Assalam, saya ada sikit kekeliruan apa perbezaan ijazah sarjana muda dengan sarjana muda ?

Salam, xada beza.. sama shj.. kalau ijazah sarjana itu berbeza.. perkataan “muda” tu yang membezakannya. Kalau tak ada muda maksudnya ia adalah peringkat master/ sarjana

Salam.nak tanya ape perbezaan diploma eksekutif dengan diploma biasa.sekarang ni saya mengambil diploma elektrik di politeknik secara separuh masa yang mengambil masa 4 tahun.sekarang ini saya saya tertarik dengan diploma eksekutif elektrik yang ditawarkan OUM hanya 18 bulan.adakah kedua-dua diploma ini sama taraf.

Diploma eksekutif juga ialah diploma, cuma bezanya dari segi pengkhususan. Di politeknik saudara mengambil diploma dlm pengkhusussan elektrik, manakala di OUM saudara akan mengambil diploma dalam pengkhusussan eksekutif ( berkaitan pentadbiran dll )

assalam…boleh saya tahu dasar yg digunapakai menyatakan tempoh pengajian peringkat sarjana muda adalah 4 tahun..tq

Wsalam. pengajian 4 tahun tu adalah kebiasaanya/ purata tahun semasa post dibuat.. utk gambaran/informasi pembaca.. namun demikian, keputusan tempoh pengajian dibuat berdasarkan keputusan senat universiti atau keperluan pengajian.

Assalamualaikum tuan, saya merupakan lepasan graduan Ijazah sarjana muda yang masih lagi menganggur. Buat masa sekarang saya telah terima pelbagai tawaran kerja namun saya tolak kerana bukan dalam bidang yang saya minati. Bolehkah saya seorang pemegang ijazah sarjana muda hendak sambung belajar bermula dari bawah iaitu sijil kemahiran. Saya khuatir jika saya mengambil sijil kemahiran , ijazah yang saya miliki tidak laku. Buat pengetahuan tuan, saya merupakan pelajar dalam bidang sains fizik (elektronik) dan saya ingin bermula dari bawah dalam bidang kejuruteraan elektronik kerana pengajian saya dahulu tidak banya praktikal hanya lebih kepada teori. saya sudah cuba menghubungi pihak kolej yang menyediakan program INSEP untuk lepasan graduan namun buat masa sekarang tiada lagi perancangan bagi pihak mereka. Dan saya tidak mahu mengambil Master kerana saya lebih ingin merasai sendiri suasana dalam bidang pekerjaan disamping belajar.

Salam tuan, apa nama lain bagi asasi?

Salam, nama lain rasanya xlah juga..tapi ia sama dengan kursus persediaan Ijazah sarjana muda

Cara biasa (konventional) dapat Ijazah:

Diploma (3 tahun) > Ijazah Sarjana Muda (3-4 tahun)

Cara cepat (Fast track) dapat Ijazah:

Higher National Diploma (HND-3 1/2 tahun) > Ijazah (1 1/2 tahun)

di mana ye pusat pengajian yg mnawarkan sambung sarjana dari hnd selama 1 1/2 tahun shj..

hnd? kebanyakan srjana memang 1 1/2 tahun.. PHD biasanya 4 tahun. Bergantung pada Universiti

sorry.. Higher National Diploma (HND-3 1/2 tahun) > Ijazah (1 1/2 tahun).. boleh saya tahu dimana tempat pengajian yg mnawarkan sambung ijazah slama 1 1/2 tahun sahaja utk pemegang higher national diploma

Terima kasih atas perkongsian..minta keberkatan ilmu

Saya tahun ni form 1, skg baru tahu peringkat utk sambung belajar kalau dah habis spm… trima kasih encikk.. Saya bercadang utk belajar sampai sarjana muda jelah.. skg ni tgh buat planning utk masuk aliran apa pada form 4 dan form 5 akan datang

salam tuan. Adakah ijazah di oum diiktiraf? Saya berminat untuk menyambung pengajian ke peringkat ijazah keselamatan kesihatan dan pekerjaan. Adakah berpatutan saya menyambung di dalam bidang ini? Untuk maklumat tuan. Saya bekerja di dalam bidang elektrik. Adakah relevan untuk saya menyambung di bahagian tersebut? Harap tuan dapat memberikan jawapan. Terima kasih tuan.

salam.. jika ijazah yg diberitahu tu mmg diiktiraf..boleh rujuk sini http://esilav2.jpa.gov.my/online_progs/esisraf/ no MQA/FA0538. Untuk soal relevan atau tak.. sy tak pasti..pastikan subjek matapelajaran yang dipelajari dalam ijazah tu banyak yang berkaitan dengan apa bidang kita sekarang..

Pertama sekali Terima kasih tuan sbb reply. Sy mmg perlukan pertolongan tuan. Yaka. Tapi sy rasa lari tajuk dah dari bidang sy bekerja skrg. Sebab di OUM tiada bidang engineering. Selain dari itu. Bidang ap yg sesuai untuk sy sambung belajar? Sy dah check. Tapi OUM mmg tiada kejuruteraan. Terima kasih tuan.

Mmg la xde engineering, mane boleh belajar bidang engineering secara part time, oum menjalankan kursus semuanya part time. So kalau nk engineering pergi utm skudai.

Nomercybro- ko silap kot bro. Utm space ad engineering.parttime gak. Mayb ko budak2 lg kot. Lgsatu ak tak tanya ko pun. keybord worrior ko ni.

Assalamuallaikum w.b.t.

Saya ada beberapa soalan. InsyaAllah saya sekarang sedang fikir2 utk ambil samada EXECUTIVE diploma ATAU, PROFESSIONAL DIPLOMA: soalannya

1)Apakah beza diantara kedua2 diploma tersebut 2)Adakah kedua-duanya setaraf dengan diploma biasa? 3)Saya dimaklumkan tempohnya singkat berbanding diploma, betulkah? 4)Jika ingin memohon kenaikan pangkat didalam kerajaan, boleh kah diambil kira setaraf diploma utk memohon jawatan gred 27….

Maaf agak byk soalan….harap dpt membantu

Waalaikumussalam, sebelum tu nak tanya yang ditawarkan tu dari universiti swasta ke?

salam tuan,saya akan menamatkan pengajian eksekutif diploma dari oum,tetapi disebabkan eksekutif diploma ini tidak mendapat pengiktirafan jadi peluang untuk saya menyambung ke peringkat lebih tinggi adalah terhad.. Saya ditawarkan untuk menyambung ijazah di oum dalam bidang keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan tetapi ijazah tersebut juga belum mendapat pengiktirafan dari MQA. Soalan saya, adakah saya membuat keputusan yg betul dengan mendaftar masuk atau apa cadangan terbaik tuan. 1.ijazah keselamatan kesihatan pkerjaan oum 2.sarjana eksekutif keselamatan kesihatan klia training 3.eksekutif master keselamatan kesihatan klia training

Dah pasti ke dia xada pengiktirafan? cuba semak dekat laman web MQA. Biasanya setiap kursus dah ada MQA.. kalau tidak agak susah..tapi masih boleh memohon jika ada rezeki..

Tuan untuk kursus BOHSM di OUM telahpun mendapat MQA skg ni pun saya ditahun 3 di OUM, tahun depan tamat pengajian jadi teruskan sambung belajar anda di OUM..

saya ingin bertanya .. saya ditawarkan untuk dip sains gunaan .. dan sya rasa klau bleh sya mahu habiskan bidang ini hingga ke tahap degree .. adkah peluang perkerjaan bagi kos ini senang utk diperolehi?

salam. saya ingin bertanya. saya lepasan degree in management. boleh anda terangkan sedikit info mengenai second degree. bagaimana nak apply. universiti mana yang ada offer buat second degree. saya dah puas belek google ni. xjumpa2 juga. saya merancang hendak mengambil second degree in math to pursue my ambition.

Assalamualaikum tuan.. Saya menghadapi kekeliruan.. Saya merupakan lepasan spm 2013.. Saya telah mengisi permohonan tajaan jpa-mara di mana saya memilih course perubatan USM-KLE.. setelah melepasi tarikh tutup permohonan baru saya tahu yang USM-KLE ialah program ijazah.sedangkan untuk mengikuti program tersebut saya perlu melepasi asasi/matrik/IB… Apa akan terjadi dgn permohonan saya ?jika saya dipanggil interview , apa perlu saya lalukan ? Saya perlukan pencerahan..terima kasih..

Waalaikumusalam.. sistem dan panel pemilih akan tapis dulu.. yang tidak layak spt tiada kursus persediaan akan disngkirkan utk calon temuduga..jgn bimbg yerr 🙂

salam…saya nak tanya….saya pelajar lepasan stpm 2012..saya ada isi UPU pd thun ini utk sesi kemasukan september 2014/2015….so,saya nk tanya..lepas isi UPU,perlukan saya post dokumen serta sijil-sijil yang diperlukan kepada universiti yang dipohon….saya keliru sebab arahan ada mengatakan,**pemohonan lepasan diploma/setaraf wajib mencetak slip pemohonan serta mengemukakan dokumen yang dikehendaki kepada universiti pilihan masing**….so,perlukan sya post dokumen seperti di dikehendaki ataupun tidak?minta perjelasan dan pendapat….sebab saya keliru…semasa isi,saya di bawah kategori Diploma?setaraf sebab saya Lepasan STPM 2012..minta pendapat

Asalamualaikum saya nk tanya kalau saya ambik apa2 kemahiran contoh seperti kimpalan blajar 2 thun dpt sijil selepas itu bole ke saya hendak sambung diploma

Waalaikumussalam, boleh.. tapi pastikan sijil tu ada kualiti .. 🙂

jika saya mengambil diploma eksekutif. bolehkan saya menyambung pengajian ke tahap degree? jika boleh apakah syarat-syaratnya?

Boleh.. tapi kne mohon la.. syaratnya? rujuklah syarat ijazah yg anda nak mohon tu.. biasanya ada kat laman rasmi UPU atau Universiti

boleh tahu apa beza pasca ijazah dengan ijazah sarjana?

nak tanya, ape maksud ” sijil lanjutan “..?

Salam tuan, saya musykil tentang diploma dan diploma lanjutan?? Boleh tuan terangkan?Saya dah ada Diploma skang berminat untuk bt Ijazah Sarjanan Muda? Adakah Diploma saya dikira Diploma lanjutan setelah selesai saya ambil Ijazah Sarjana Muda?Mohon pencerahan untuk kebaikan semua..terima kasih tuan..

assalamualaikum..saya ada pertanyaan..di malaysia..dimana kita boleh membuat double degree..pasal setahu saya..ipta/ipts tak buat utk double degree

Double degree berlambak di Malaysia. Ianya ada “&”. Cth SARJANA Muda it Dan pengurusan dengan kepujian. Biasanya subjek diambil adalah double major.

assalamualaikum, saya ingin bertanya… saya ingin melanjutkan pelajaran ke perigkat diploma dan sarjana muda dalam bidang kejuruteraan mekatronik. Boleh kah saya melanjutkan pelajaran ke peringkat Master dalam bidang Sains Gunaan( fizik)??

TerimaKasih sangat 🙂

Assalamualaikum… sy ingin bertanya…sy ingin melanjutkan pelajaran kepringkat sarjana…apakah kelebihan sarjana pendidikan daripada sarjana tanpa pendidikan…dan adakah sarjana pendidikan lebih menjurus kepada guru sekolah ataupun pensyarah IPTA..

terima kasih

Waalaikumussalam.. jika sarjana ada pendidikan kita akan belajar subjek tambahan bekenaan pedagogi dan hal lain tentang pendidikan. Ilmu itu menampakkan kita mempunyai ilmu yang melayakkan kita untuk menjadi pendidik termasuk sebagai pensyarah dan tenaga pengajar lain..ia bergantung kepada apa yg dipilih selepas pengajian.. jika mempunyai pendidikan kita akan lebih mendapat pekerjaan bekenaan pengajaran dan pembelajaran..

salam, di ambil dari ayat en fiziesss “dari mana ijazah diperolehi juga diambil kira”.

adakah ijazah nie berbeza-beza mengikut tempat ?minta penjelasan..

salam..ijazah tetap sama..cuma kadang-kadang penemuduga ini subjektif..ada yang mahukan keluaran dari institusi tertentu dan ada juga yang pastinya mahukan keluaran dari institusi yang mempunyai LAN.

salam..saya nak tanya ape perbezaan antara matrikulasi, asasi dan diploma? … mana satu lagi bagus dan menjana masa depan? dan ape kualiti pembelajarannya? dan yang mane akan mengmbil masa yang sedikit?

Salam..rasanya sy dah terangkan dalam penulisan lepas..cuba gunakan carian untuk membacanya semula..

salam , saya keliru mengenai dua benda ni . apa beza antara ijazah sarjana muda dengan kepujian dan ijazah sarjana muda sahaja ? adakah title ” kepujian ” tu bagi kesan apa-2 di alam pekerjaan nanti ? terima kasih 🙂

Salam, boleh rujuk maklumatnya di penulisan terbaru kami di Perbezaan Ijazah ( Kepujian ) dengan Tiada Kepujian Dalam Ijazah

saya nak tanya.. apa yang dimaksudkan dengan diploma siswazah? ataupun dikenali sebagai diploma lanjutan?

bleh bgi pndgn tk..sya tk fhm.. Perbezaan di antara ijazah sarjana muda eksekutif dan ijazah sarjana muda?

Bahasa senang faham..Ijazah sarjana muda ialah tahap pengajian.. Jika ditambah eksekutif iaitu Ijazah Sarjana Muda Eksekutif menunjukkan Ijazah sarjana muda tersebut adalah dikhususkan kepada pengajian berkaitan eksekutif.

saya sekarang masih lagi dalam delema aliran apa y saya perlu ambil kerana saya minat dalam bidang juruteraan tetapi saya x ambil jurusan sn .pada mulanya saya saya adalah pelajar sains tetapi saya x bergitu ykin y saya boleh bawa sbb aliran itu amat berat dn sy x kut saya x mampu nk bawa subjek itu dan saya tukar kepada jurusan perdagagan x pi saya msih lgi x tenang dgn aliran y peelu saya ambl dan hampir 5 bulan saya dlm dilema tolng saYA syay perlukan bantuan dari anda

Ada sesipa bole beri pendapat mengenai diploma eksekutif?

saya nak tanya.. apakah perbezaan ijazah sarjana muda dengan ijazah pertama??? adakah keduanya sama??

ia..ia sama sahaja.

aya ingin menjadi pakar psikologi..aliran apa yang perlu saya amik bila saya sudah tamat spm..

Ada banyak cara samaada ke diploma berkaitannya dan STPM aliran kemanusiaan..

assalam. nk tanya, sy bakal mghabiskan pengajian diploma. sy nk melanjutkan pengajian ke peringkat lebih tinggi. kursus yg sy nk mohon nanti, ada beza. sarjana muda (kepujian) dan sarjana muda. apa beza yg ada kepujian dgn x ada kepujian?

ada kepujian maknanya belajar lama.

Xde kepujian maknanya belajar sekejap

Di Australia kepujian itu diberikan kepada pengajian yang mempunyai kajian di akhir pengajian dan ia juga bergantung pada pencapaian pelajar tersebut secara berterusan semasa tahun ke 2-3. Pelajar juga perlu membuat thesis dan menerbitkannya. Oleh demikian, kepujian itu diberikan kepada pelajar yang cemerlang sahaja dalam kursus yang diambil. Untuk di United Kingdom UK, kepujian itu membezakan kelulusan professional/ ijazah khas dan ijazah biasa. Untuk mendapatkan kepujian perlulah cemerlang paling kurang CGPA 2.00 ( Kelas kedua ) semasa menamatkan pengajian. Selain itu, kajian juga perlu dilakukan semasa tahun akhir pelajar bekenaan. Untuk di Malaysia ini, kami tidak dapat memberikan ketetapan atau penerangan yang lebih baik kerana apa yang telah berlaku kini agak mengelirukan ( kelemahan kami ) berbanding penggunaan “ Kepujian “ itu sebelum tahun 90an. Jika dahulu, pemberian kepujian adalah bagi Ijazah yang berkualiti iaitu mendapat keputusan akhir yang baik ( kelas pertama ) untuk mendapatkan taraf Kepujian itu.

Sumber : Perbezaan Ijazah ( Kepujian ) dengan Tiada Kepujian Dalam Ijazah |Xpresi

Assalamualaikum , saya nak tanya apakah perbezaan antara asasi sains ,asasi sains hayat dan asasi perubatan ? terima kasih.

Waalaikumussalam.. Asasi Sains.. Belajar subjek2 pecahan sains.. kebanyakan institusi menawarkan Bio dan fizik bersama.

Asasi Sains Hayat Belajar subjek pecahan Sains.. belajar Biologi tanpa ada fizik..

Asasi Perubatan Pengkhususan persediaan perubatan seperti pecahan biologi yang lebih mendalam..

tq sir for yr info it was useful for me…………………………………

Sekarang sy dah faham ttg peringkat selepas SPM ni. Terima kasih byk-byk.

subhanAllah, thnx

Sama2..harap info yg diberikan dapat membantu sedikit sebanyak..terima kasih sbb singgah sini 🙂

salam…saya bakal menduduki spm thun nie..sy cuma nk tnya , boleh tlng beritahu senarai penaja biasiswa dan laman webnya serta cara memohonya?? dan bagaimana hendak memasuki universiti malaya(UM) kerana sy dengar ada borang khusus untk memasuki universiti ini..

Salam, semoga terus cemerlang dalam SPM, selamat berjuang… Untuk senarai penaja biasiswa tu ia berubah2.. ia mengikut pengurusan institusi yang menawarkan biasiswa. Oleh tu, sy tak boleh senaraikan sebab ia mengikut pekembangan semasa. Kebiasaannya biasiswa adalah dari JPA dan MARA. Tetapi tempat terhad dan memerlukan keputusan yang cemerlang. Untuk maklumat mengikut update semasa, baik aiman LIKE facebook xpresi https://www.xpresi.org/lebih-profesional-dengan-xpresi-fan-page/ oleh itu, aiman akan dapat update terbaru dalam facebook aiman bekenaan biasiswa dan permohonan universiti. Mungkin ia sedikit sebanyak membantu nanti apabila pemohonan biasiswa dan universiti di keluarkan nanti. Satu lagi, Mungkin aiman boleh taip perkataan biasiswa atau permohonan um pada sistem carian xpresi, sebelum ini ada sedikit informasi bekenaan biasiswa yang telah di keluarkan xpresi..Terima kasih..

salam.. sy cuma ingin bertanya, sy merupakan pelajar yng akn ambil spm thun ni..sy berminat dengan jurusan perubatan..iaitu untuk menjadi doktor.. namun sy dengar bilangan doktor dan yng bkal menjadi doktor adalah berlebihan.betul ke fakta nie?? dan kalau betul, boleh tlng cdngkan kursus yng sesuai yng peluang pekerjaannya masih bnyk tp masih dlm jurusan perubatan..

Salam, xpe..sy mmg galakkan sesiapa sahaj yg nak bertanya.. 😉 berlebihan? saya tak begitu pasti dengan fakta berlebihan tu. Tetapi mungkin sejak kebanjiran tawaran dari pelbagai institusi termasuk swasta yang kadangkala merendahkan kelulusan kemasukan. saya rasa isu berlebihan tu takde. Yang ada tak dapat kerja pun sebab keputusan yang tidak baik dan tidak cukup syarat-syarat untuk menjadi doktor perubatan. Untuk menjadi doktor perlu memenuhi syarat seperti tinggi keputusan peperiksaan, jam kredit kuliah, latihan di institusi kesihatan dan dari mana ijazah diperolehi juga diambil kira. Mungkin kebanjiran sesetengah institusi yang mengutamakan keuntungan membuatkan banyak syarat tidak dipenuhi. Ataupun faktor pelajar itu sendiri yang tidak belajar bersungguh-sungguh. Pada pendapat sy setakat ini bidang perubatan memang diperlukan terutama di kawasan yang tidak menjadi pilihan seperti dikawasan pekan dan luar bandar. Untuk pengetahuan saudara ada banyak klinik kesihatan di Malaysia..yang pastinya penduduk akan bertambah dikawasan tersebut dan pastinya ia perlu dinaiktaraf menjadi hospital yang mana memerlukan banyak doktor..Untuk saranan pekerjaan yang banyak kekosongan tu saya ambil prinsip tidak menjawabnya. sebab sebenarnya setiap jawatan sentiasa ada setiap tahun.. 😉

Bagus info ni, baik untuk pelajar yang kurang ilmu tentang halatuju pendidikan. Tahniah Admin.

Ia cikgu amir, baik utk maklumat yang lebih terperinci ikut dimensi berlainan. Terima kasih sbb singgah sini 🙂

Bolehkah Saya Sambung Belajar Ijazah Dengan Hanya Pengalaman Kerja?

Date: Thursday December 9, 2021
Author: UNITAR International

Penilaian Akreditasi Pembelajaran Pengalaman Terdahulu (APEL) telah dilaksanakan untuk membolehkan orang dewasa yang bekerja memohon Sijil, Diploma, Ijazah Sarjana Muda, Sarjana (kerja kursus & mod campuran) dan juga PhD! Ini bermakna mereka yang memilih untuk bekerja sejurus selepas SPM kini diberi peluang sambung belajar ijazah sambil bekerja. Sesetengah mungkin tertanya-tanya sama ada mereka boleh sambung belajar ijazah sarjana muda, sarjana dan lain lagi sambil bekerja sepenuh masa melalui APEL, tetapi penilaian itu lebih berkaitan dengan membantu orang dewasa menggunakan pengalaman kerja mereka untuk mendapatkan ijazah separuh masa universiti.

Apakah Perbezaan Antara APEL (A) dan APEL (C)?

Di bawah ialah jadual perbandingan untuk memahami APEL (A) dan APEL (C) dengan lebih baik untuk orang dewasa yang bekerja yang ingin mengikuti program ijazah [1]:

** APEL (A) hanya boleh digunakan UNITAR International University. Pelajar tidak boleh menggunakan kelayakan ini di institusi lain.

Gunakan Portfolio Kerja Anda untuk Mendapat Kemasukan Program Ijazah

Walaupun anda telah tamat pendidikan sekolah menengah anda atau kursus Pra-U, pemilikan kelayakan pengajian tinggi pasti akan menambah nilai kepada pekerjaan anda sekarang. Anda boleh berbuat demikian dengan menyusun semua pengalaman kerja anda ke dalam portfolio apabila memohon kursus ijazah separuh masa melalui APEL (A). Majoriti majikan dan perekrut biasanya akan mengambil kira latar belakang pengajian calon yang lebih tinggi semasa proses pengambilan pekerja.

Kejar Ijazah Lepasan Ijazah tanpa Pengajian Prasiswazah

Berasa malu untuk mendaftar untuk program sarjana muda sebagai orang dewasa yang bekerja? Jangan risau, anda sebenarnya boleh memintas peringkat itu dan melakukan kajian pasca siswazah melalui APEL (A). Jika anda berumur 30 tahun, anda boleh mendaftar untuk program ijazah sarjana dengan pengalaman kerja yang berkaitan selain mempunyai sijil STPM/ Diploma/ A-Level/ setaraf. Calon doktor falsafah, sebaliknya, perlu berumur sekurang-kurangnya 35 tahun. Namun, anda mesti ingat bahawa kursus pasca siswazah lebih mencabar dan anda mungkin perlu mempertimbangkan untuk sambung belajar ijazah degree sambilan sambil bekerja sepenuh masa.

Percepatkan Tempoh Pengajian Anda melalui Pindahan Kredit

Adakah anda tahu yang anda boleh menggunakan pengalaman kerja anda dan menukarnya kepada kredit akademik? Ini bermakna bahawa anda boleh menyelesaikan program ijazah lebih cepat daripada rakan sebaya anda! APEL (C) membenarkan pemindahan kredit sedemikian untuk individu yang bekerja.

UNITAR ialah Pusat Penilaian APEL Bertauliah yang menyediakan peluang akademik sambung belajar diploma, degree, masters, PhD dan lain sambil bekerja. Ia juga memberi peluang kepada mereka yang mempunyai pengalaman bekerja tetapi tidak mempunyai kelayakan pendidikan tinggi untuk mencapai kenaikan pangkat pekerjaan ataupun tidak mempunyai lebih banyak pilihan kerjaya. Hubungi kami hari ini untuk maklumat lanjut.

1. https://www2.mqa.gov.my/apel/pdf/APEL(A)%20vs%20APEL(C)_en.pdf

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How Long Does It Take to Get a Ph.D. Degree?

Earning a Ph.D. from a U.S. grad school typically requires nearly six years, federal statistics show.

How Long It Takes to Get a Ph.D. Degree

Caiaimage | Tom Merton | Getty Images

A Ph.D. is most appropriate for someone who is a "lifelong learner."

Students who have excelled within a specific academic discipline and who have a strong interest in that field may choose to pursue a Ph.D. degree. However, Ph.D. degree-holders urge prospective students to think carefully about whether they truly want or need a doctoral degree, since Ph.D. programs last for multiple years.

According to the Survey of Earned Doctorates, a census of recent research doctorate recipients who earned their degree from U.S. institutions, the median amount of time it took individuals who received their doctorates in 2017 to complete their program was 5.8 years. However, there are many types of programs that typically take longer than six years to complete, such as humanities and arts doctorates, where the median time for individuals to earn their degree was 7.1 years, according to the survey.

Some Ph.D. candidates begin doctoral programs after they have already obtained master's degrees, which means the time spent in grad school is a combination of the time spent pursuing a master's and the years invested in a doctorate. In order to receive a Ph.D. degree, a student must produce and successfully defend an original academic dissertation, which must be approved by a dissertation committtee. Writing and defending a dissertation is so difficult that many Ph.D. students drop out of their Ph.D. programs having done most of the work necessary for degree without completing the dissertation component. These Ph.D. program dropouts often use the phrase " all but dissertation " or the abbreviation "ABD" on their resumes.

According to a comprehensive study of Ph.D. completion rates published by The Council of Graduate Schools in 2008, only 56.6% of people who begin Ph.D. programs earn Ph.D. degrees.

Ian Curtis, a founding partner with H&C Education, an educational and admissions consulting firm, who is pursuing a Ph.D. degree in French at Yale University , says there are several steps involved in the process of obtaining a Ph.D. Students typically need to fulfill course requirements and pass comprehensive exams, Curtis warns. "Once these obligations have been completed, how long it takes you to write your dissertation depends on who you are, how you work, what field you're in and what other responsibilities you have in life," he wrote in an email. Though some Ph.D. students can write a dissertation in a single year, that is rare, and the dissertation writing process may last for several years, Curtis says.

Curtis adds that the level of support a Ph.D. student receives from an academic advisor or faculty mentor can be a key factor in determining the length of time it takes to complete a Ph.D. program. "Before you decide to enroll at a specific program, you’ll want to meet your future advisor," Curtis advises. "Also, reach out to his or her current and former students to get a sense of what he or she is like to work with."

Curtis also notes that if there is a gap between the amount of time it takes to complete a Ph.D. and the amount of time a student's funding lasts, this can slow down the Ph.D. completion process. "Keep in mind that if you run out of funding at some point during your doctorate, you will need to find paid work, and this will leave you even less time to focus on writing your dissertation," he says. "If one of the programs you’re looking at has a record of significantly longer – or shorter – times to competition, this is good information to take into consideration."

He adds that prospective Ph.D. students who already have master's degrees in the field they intend to focus their Ph.D. on should investigate whether the courses they took in their master's program would count toward the requirements of a Ph.D. program. "You’ll want to discuss your particular situation with your program to see whether this will be possible, and how many credits you are likely to receive as the result of your master’s work," he says.

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Emmanuel C. Nwaodua, who has a Ph.D. degree in geology, says some Ph.D. programs require candidates to publish a paper in a first-rate, peer-reviewed academic journal. "This could extend your stay by a couple of years," he warns.

Pierre Huguet, the CEO and co-founder of H&C Education, says prospective Ph.D. students should be aware that a Ph.D. is designed to prepare a person for a career as a scholar. "Most of the jobs available to Ph.D. students upon graduation are academic in nature and directly related to their fields of study: professor, researcher, etc.," Huguet wrote in an email. "The truth is that more specialization can mean fewer job opportunities. Before starting a Ph.D., students should be sure that they want to pursue a career in academia, or in research. If not, they should make time during the Ph.D. to show recruiters that they’ve traveled beyond their labs and libraries to gain some professional hands-on experience."

Jack Appleman, a business writing instructor, published author and Ph.D. candidate focusing on organizational communication with the University at Albany—SUNY , says Ph.D. programs require a level of commitment and focus that goes beyond what is necessary for a typical corporate job. A program with flexible course requirements that allow a student to customize his or her curriculum based on academic interests and personal obligations is ideal, he says.

Joan Kee, a professor at the University of Michigan with the university's history of art department, says that the length of time required for a Ph.D. varies widely depending on what subject the Ph.D. focuses on. "Ph.D. program length is very discipline and even field-specific; for example, you can and are expected to finish a Ph.D, in economics in under five years, but that would be impossible in art history (or most of the humanities)," she wrote in an email.

Kee adds that humanities Ph.D. programs often require someone to learn a foreign language, and "fields like anthropology and art history require extensive field research." Kee says funding for a humanities Ph.D. program typically only lasts five years, even though it is uncommon for someone to obtain a Ph.D. degree in a humanities field within that time frame. "Because of this, many if not most Ph.D. students must work to make ends meet, thus further prolonging the time of completion," she says.

Jean Marie Carey, who earned her Ph.D. degree in art history and German from the University of Otago in New Zealand, encourages prospective Ph.D. students to check whether their potential Ph.D. program has published a timeline of how long it takes a Ph.D. student to complete their program. She says it is also prudent to speak with Ph.D. graduates of the school and ask about their experience.

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Kristin Redington Bennett, the founder of the Illumii educational consulting firm in North Carolina, encourages Ph.D. hopefuls to think carefully about whether they want to become a scholar. Bennett, who has a Ph.D. in curriculum and assessment and who previously worked as an assistant professor at Wake Forest University , says a Ph.D. is most appropriate for someone who is a "lifelong learner." She says someone contemplating a Ph.D. should ask themselves the following questions "Are you a very curious person... and are you persistent?"

Bennett urges prospective Ph.D. students to visit the campuses of their target graduate programs since a Ph.D. program takes so much time that it is important to find a school that feels comfortable. She adds that aspiring Ph.D. students who prefer a collaborative learning environment should be wary of graduate programs that have a cut-throat and competitive atmosphere, since such students may not thrive in that type of setting.

Alumni of Ph.D. programs note that the process of obtaining a Ph.D. is arduous, regardless of the type of Ph.D. program. "A Ph.D. is a long commitment of your time, energy and financial resources, so it'll be easier on you if you are passionate about research," says Grace Lee, who has a Ph.D. in neuroscience and is the founder and CEO of Mastery Insights, an education and career coaching company, and the host of the Career Revisionist podcast.

"A Ph.D. isn't about rehashing years of knowledge that is already out there, but rather it is about your ability to generate new knowledge. Your intellectual masterpiece (which is your dissertation) takes a lot of time, intellectual creativity and innovation to put together, so you have to be truly passionate about that," Lee says.

Curtis says a prospective Ph.D. student's enthusiasm for academic work, teaching and research are the key criteria they should use to decide whether to obtain a Ph.D. degree. "While the time it takes to complete a doctorate is an understandable concern for many, my personal belief is that time is not the most important factor to consider," he says. "Good Ph.D. programs provide their students with generous stipends, health care and sometimes even subsidized housing."

Erin Skelly, a graduate admissions counselor at the IvyWise admissions consulting firm, says when a Ph.D. students struggles to complete his or her Ph.D. degree, it may have more to do with the student's academic interests or personal circumstances than his or her program.

"The time to complete a Ph.D. can depend on a number of variables, but the specific discipline or school would only account for a year or two's difference," she wrote in an email. "When a student takes significantly longer to complete a Ph.D. (degree), it's usually related to the student's coursework and research – they need to take additional coursework to complete their comprehensive exams; they change the focus of their program or dissertation, requiring extra coursework or research; or their research doesn't yield the results they hoped for, and they need to generate a new theory and conduct more research."

Skelly warns that the average completion time of a Ph.D. program may be misleading in some cases, if the average is skewed based on one or two outliers. She suggests that instead of focusing on the duration of a particular Ph.D. program, prospective students should investigate the program's attritition and graduation rates.

"It is worthwhile to look at the program requirements and the school's proposed timeline for completion, and meet current students to get their input on how realistic these expectations for completion are," Skelly says. "That can give you an honest idea of how long it will really take to complete the program."

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Doctor of Philosophy in Education

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The Harvard Ph.D. in Education trains cutting-edge researchers who work across disciplines to generate knowledge and translate discoveries into transformative policy and practice.

Offered jointly by the Harvard Graduate School of Education and the Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the Ph.D. in Education provides you with full access to the extraordinary resources of Harvard University and prepares you to assume meaningful roles as university faculty, researchers, senior-level education leaders, and policymakers.

As a Ph.D. candidate, you will collaborate with scholars across all Harvard graduate schools on original interdisciplinary research. In the process, you will help forge new fields of inquiry that will impact the way we teach and learn. The program’s required coursework will develop your knowledge of education and your expertise in a range of quantitative and qualitative methods needed to conduct high-quality research. Guided by the goal of making a transformative impact on education research, policy, and practice, you will focus on independent research in various domains, including human development, learning and teaching, policy analysis and evaluation, institutions and society, and instructional practice.

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The Ph.D. in Education requires five years of full-time study to complete. You will choose your individual coursework and design your original research in close consultation with your HGSE faculty adviser and dissertation committee. The requirements listed below include the three Ph.D. concentrations: Culture, Institutions, and Society; Education Policy and Program Evaluation; and Human Development, Learning and Teaching .

We invite you to review an example course list, which is provided in two formats — one as the full list by course number and one by broad course category . These lists are subject to modification.

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Summary of Ph.D. Program

Doctoral Colloquia In year one and two you are required to attend. The colloquia convenes weekly and features presentations of work-in-progress and completed work by Harvard faculty, faculty and researchers from outside Harvard, and Harvard doctoral students. Ph.D. students present once in the colloquia over the course of their career.

Research Apprenticeship The Research Apprenticeship is designed to provide ongoing training and mentoring to develop your research skills throughout the entire program.

Teaching Fellowships The Teaching Fellowship is an opportunity to enhance students' teaching skills, promote learning consolidation, and provide opportunities to collaborate with faculty on pedagogical development.

Comprehensive Exams The Written Exam (year 2, spring) tests you on both general and concentration-specific knowledge. The Oral Exam (year 3, fall/winter) tests your command of your chosen field of study and your ability to design, develop, and implement an original research project.

Dissertation Based on your original research, the dissertation process consists of three parts: the Dissertation Proposal, the writing, and an oral defense before the members of your dissertation committee.

Culture, Institutions, and Society (CIS) Concentration

In CIS, you will examine the broader cultural, institutional, organizational, and social contexts relevant to education across the lifespan. What is the value and purpose of education? How do cultural, institutional, and social factors shape educational processes and outcomes? How effective are social movements and community action in education reform? How do we measure stratification and institutional inequality? In CIS, your work will be informed by theories and methods from sociology, history, political science, organizational behavior and management, philosophy, and anthropology. You can examine contexts as diverse as classrooms, families, neighborhoods, schools, colleges and universities, religious institutions, nonprofits, government agencies, and more.

Education Policy and Program Evaluation (EPPE) Concentration

In EPPE, you will research the design, implementation, and evaluation of education policy affecting early childhood, K–12, and postsecondary education in the U.S. and internationally. You will evaluate and assess individual programs and policies related to critical issues like access to education, teacher effectiveness, school finance, testing and accountability systems, school choice, financial aid, college enrollment and persistence, and more. Your work will be informed by theories and methods from economics, political science, public policy, and sociology, history, philosophy, and statistics. This concentration shares some themes with CIS, but your work with EPPE will focus on public policy and large-scale reforms.

Human Development, Learning and Teaching (HDLT) Concentration

In HDLT, you will work to advance the role of scientific research in education policy, reform, and practice. New discoveries in the science of learning and development — the integration of biological, cognitive, and social processes; the relationships between technology and learning; or the factors that influence individual variations in learning — are transforming the practice of teaching and learning in both formal and informal settings. Whether studying behavioral, cognitive, or social-emotional development in children or the design of learning technologies to maximize understanding, you will gain a strong background in human development, the science of learning, and sociocultural factors that explain variation in learning and developmental pathways. Your research will be informed by theories and methods from psychology, cognitive science, sociology and linguistics, philosophy, the biological sciences and mathematics, and organizational behavior.

Program Faculty

The most remarkable thing about the Ph.D. in Education is open access to faculty from all Harvard graduate and professional schools, including the Harvard Graduate School of Education, the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, the Harvard Kennedy School, the Harvard Law School, Harvard Medical School, and the Harvard School of Public Health. Learn about the full Ph.D. Faculty.

Jarvis R. Givens

Jarvis Givens studies the history of American education, African American history, and the relationship between race and power in schools.

Paul L. Harris

Paul Harris is interested in the early development of cognition, emotion, and imagination in children.

Meira Levinson

Meira Levinson is a normative political philosopher who works at the intersection of civic education, youth empowerment, racial justice, and educational ethics.

Luke W. Miratrix

Luke Miratrix is a statistician who explores how to best use modern statistical methods in applied social science contexts.

Eric Taylor

Eric Taylor studies the economics of education, with a particular interest in employer-employee interactions between schools and teachers hiring and firing decisions, job design, training, and performance evaluation.

Paola Uccelli

Paola Ucelli studies socio-cultural and individual differences in the language development of multilingual and monolingual students.

View Ph.D. Faculty

Dissertations.

The following is a complete listing of successful Ph.D. in Education dissertations to-date. Dissertations from November 2014 onward are publicly available in the Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) , the online repository for Harvard scholarship.

2022 Graduate Dissertations (265 KB pdf)
2021 Graduate Dissertations (177 KB pdf)
2020 Graduate Dissertations (121 KB pdf)
2019 Graduate Dissertations (68.3 KB pdf)

Student Directory

An opt-in listing of current Ph.D. students with information about their interests, research, personal web pages, and contact information:

Doctor of Philosophy in Education Student Directory

Introduce Yourself

Tell us about yourself so that we can tailor our communication to best fit your interests and provide you with relevant information about our programs, events, and other opportunities to connect with us.

Program Highlights

Explore examples of the Doctor of Philosophy in Education experience and the impact its community is making on the field:

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Reshaping Teacher Licensure: Lessons from the Pandemic

Olivia Chi, Ed.M.'17, Ph.D.'20, discusses the ongoing efforts to ensure the quality and stability of the teaching workforce

Lost in Translation

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Diploma Programmes

UTHM offered 7 diploma courses for school leavers with qualification in Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM)/equivalent .

Diploma of Civil Engineering Diploma Kejuruteraan Awam
Diploma of Electrical Engineering Diploma Kejuruteraan Elektrik
Diploma of Mechanical Engineering Diploma Kejuruteraan Mekanikal
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August Intake 2024

Application can be applied via online at UPU Online . The application is open for applicants with SPM / SPMV or equivalent.

RIT graduate pursues Ph.D. across time zones

Nastaran Nagshineh is shown with other faculty in a small room where she defended her thesis.

Nastaran Nagshineh, center, defended her Ph.D. thesis at RIT in April. Faculty from RIT’s Rochester and Dubai campuses served on her thesis committee and include, from left to right, Kathleen Lamkin-Kennard, Steven Weinstein, Nathaniel Barlow, and David Kofke (a professor at the University at Buffalo). Mohamed Samaha participated remotely and appears on the video screen behind the group and alongside Nagshineh’s picture.

Nastaran Nagshineh is one of the first Ph.D. candidates to bridge RIT’s Rochester and Dubai campuses. Her accomplishment creates a path for future students at the university’s international campuses.

Nagshineh completed her Ph.D. in mathematical modeling while working full time as a mathematics lecturer at RIT Dubai in the United Arab Emirates, teaching as many as five classes a semester. She described her Ph.D. journey as “an exercise in perseverance” due to competing demands and long days. Rochester is eight hours behind Dubai, and the time difference meant many late-night classes and meetings.

“I saw this collaboration as an opportunity, rather than as a challenge, because my primary adviser, Dr. Steven Weinstein (RIT professor of chemical engineering), and my co-adviser, Dr. Mohamed Samaha (RIT Dubai associate professor of mechanical engineering), both have the same area of research interest,” she said. “They both worked toward my success.”

Nagshineh is one of 67 RIT Ph.D. students who defended their thesis this academic year and who will earn their doctorate. RIT awarded 63 Ph.D. degrees in 2023.

In 2020-2021, RIT’s Graduate School met and surpassed the university’s goal of conferring 50 Ph.D. degrees during an academic year. That number will continue to grow as students cycle through the seven new Ph.D. programs that RIT has added since 2017, said Diane Slusarski , dean of RIT’s Graduate School.

Meeting these goals puts RIT on a path toward achieving an “R1,” or research-intensive designation, from the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Learning. RIT is currently ranked as an R2 institution . Many factors go into changing a university’s status, including research investment and maintaining a three-year average of 70 Ph.D. degrees awarded per year, according to Slusarski.

“We have met the goals of the strategic plan, and now we look forward to contributing to the research innovation in the future,” Slusarski said. “We want to help the new programs thrive and win national research awards.”

RIT’s emphasis on high-level research is seen in Nagshineh’s Ph.D. work. She applies mathematical modeling to the field of fluid dynamics. Her research has been published in top-tier journals and has gained notice, said Weinstein, her thesis adviser.

Weinstein describes Nagshineh’s accomplishments as “a testament to a fantastic work ethic and commitment” and is inspirational to younger students at Rochester and Dubai.

“The collaboration between RIT Dubai/Rochester has continued,” he said. “Another paper was submitted a few weeks ago with Mohamed Samaha and Nate Barlow (RIT associate professor in the School of Mathematics and Statistics) as co-authors, as well as Cade Reinberger, a younger Ph.D. student in my research group.”

Mathematical modeling is one of RIT’s newer Ph.D. degree programs, and Nagshineh is among its earliest graduates. The program has doubled in size since it began accepting students in 2017, Slusarski said. This past fall, the mathematical modeling program had 35 students, with two graduating this year.

Altogether, RIT has 13 Ph.D. degree programs currently enrolling 438 students, with computing and information sciences accounting for the largest with 117 students. RIT’s other Ph.D. programs include astrophysical sciences and technology , biomedical and chemical engineering , business administration , color science , electrical and computer engineering, imaging science , mechanical and industrial engineering , microsystems engineering , and sustainability .

New programs in cognitive science and physics will launch in the fall.

The growth in RIT graduate education—with more than 3,000 master’s and doctoral students—reflects a demographic change in the student population, Slusarski said. “We have a higher percentage of women in the graduate programs than we have for RIT undergraduate programs.”

RIT’s graduate programs enroll 42 percent women, according to Christie Leone , assistant dean for the Graduate School.

Nagshineh, who also holds an MS in electrical engineering from RIT Dubai, welcomes her role as a mentor to other women students on both campuses.

“As a young woman in an Arabic country, the power of women is often underestimated and undervalued, and I hope to serve as a role model to female students, especially those that question their path,” Nagshineh said.

She plans to continue in her career as a professor and a researcher. “I would like to pursue a research program where I can advise my own students and teach them more deeply.”

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Spectrum News interviews Christopher Schwartz, research scientist in the Department of Cybersecurity, and Kelly Wu, computing and information sciences Ph.D. student, about generating and detecting artificial intelligence deepfakes.

Columbia University Student Ripped Diploma in Pro-Palestine Protest at Graduation Ceremony?

Numerous students walked the columbia commencement ceremony stage wearing kaffiyehs, handcuffs and palestinian prisoners' names on their caps., taija perrycook, published may 17, 2024.

On May 12, 2024, several X posts went viral with video of a student tearing up a diploma while walking in the 2024 commencement ceremony of the Columbia University School of Social Work. One post, published by X account @visegrad24, claimed the action was "in protest of Columbia University's alleged 'complicity in the ongoing genocide in Gaza.'" The post received more than 1 million views, as of this writing.

Another X account, @stillgray, posted the same clip and claimed the graduate was a "female queer-identifying Columbia University student." That post received more than 1.6 million views, as of this writing.

The student's name, as read by the announcer, was Tarsis Salomé. The video in question is authentic, meaning that it was not fabricated or digitally manipulated in any way. It is viewable in the official Columbia University Commencement video archive [archived here ] at timestamp 1:32:48.

Despite @stillgray's claim that the student was "female queer-identifying," we were unable to find any evidence of Salomé confirming gender or sexual identity. Salomé also didn't state that the protest was specifically against "Columbia University's alleged 'complicity in the ongoing genocide in Gaza,'" but was wearing a kaffiyeh (a symbol of Palestinian resistance).

Like many other students who walked in the ceremony, Salomé wore zip-tie handcuffs and a graduation cap with the name of a Palestinian prisoner written on it. The name on Salomé's cap appeared to be Mohammad Natsheh, which could be in reference to the former Palestinian Legislative Council Minister of Detainees' Affairs, who was reportedly arrested at his home in Hebron in September 2016, according to the Prisoner Support and Human Rights Association .

Several of the students who walked at the Columbia University School of Social Work 2024 graduation ceremony showed similar support for Palestine, as seen in the following video posted on the Columbia Social Workers for Palestine Instagram account:

We reached out to the Instagram account of CSSW for Palestine, asking to confirm certain details, such as the name shown on Salomé's graduation cap, if the displaying of names was an organized effort by CSSW for Palestine and if the group had any further comment. We will update this story if we receive a response.

Multiple outlets, including the Jerusalem Post , the New York Post , and the Free Press Journal reported on the Columbia University School of Social Work students' support for Palestine at the 2024 graduation ceremony.

It should also be noted that at some schools, students are handed either a commemorative certificate or empty diploma casing in lieu of their actual diplomas, which are later mailed to the graduates. It's therefore possible that Salomé did not actually tear up a diploma, only a certificate or symbolic diploma casing.

Archive, View Author, et al. Columbia University Grads Wear Zip Ties, Rip Diplomas on Stage during Commencement Ceremony . 13 May 2024, https://nypost.com/2024/05/13/us-news/columbia-university-grads-wear-zip-ties-rip-diplomas-on-stage-during-commencement-ceremony/.

'Columbia's Graduation Stage Turned into a Platform for Protest'. The Jerusalem Post | JPost.Com , 13 May 2024, https://www.jpost.com/international/article-801036.

'Https://Twitter.Com/Stillgray/Status/1789870658756763691'. X (Formerly Twitter) , https://twitter.com/stillgray/status/1789870658756763691. Accessed 13 May 2024.

'Https://Twitter.Com/Visegrad24/Status/1789859092904755650?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1789859092904755650%7Ctwgr%5Ee5706daf17b1c5ac9cc4016d235d277d861d4f8d%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.Freepressjournal.in%2Feducation%2Fvideo-Columbia-University-Student-Rips-up-Diploma-While-Protesting-Israel-Palestine-Conflict-Sparks-Debate'. X (Formerly Twitter) , https://twitter.com/visegrad24/status/1789859092904755650?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1789859092904755650%7Ctwgr%5Ee5706daf17b1c5ac9cc4016d235d277d861d4f8d%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.freepressjournal.in%2Feducation%2Fvideo-columbia-university-student-rips-up-diploma-while-protesting-israel-palestine-conflict-sparks-debate. Accessed 13 May 2024.

Instagram . https://www.instagram.com/cssw4palestine/?hl=en. Accessed 13 May 2024.

samidoun. 'Former Palestinian Minister of Detainees' Affairs Sentenced to Israeli Prison; PLC Member Natsheh among 43 Arrested by Occupation Forces'. Samidoun: Palestinian Prisoner Solidarity Network , 29 Sept. 2016, https://samidoun.net/2016/09/former-palestinian-minister-of-detainees-affairs-sentenced-to-israeli-prison-plc-member-natsheh-among-43-arrested-by-occupation-forces/.

samidoun. 'Palestinian Parliamentarians Arrested, Imprisoned without Charge or Trial'. Samidoun: Palestinian Prisoner Solidarity Network , 29 Jan. 2016, https://samidoun.net/2016/01/palestinian-parliamentarians-arrested-imprisoned-without-charge-or-trial/.

'VIDEO: Columbia University Student Rips Up Diploma While Protesting Israel-Palestine Conflict, Sparks Debate'. Free Press Journal , https://www.freepressjournal.in/education/video-columbia-university-student-rips-up-diploma-while-protesting-israel-palestine-conflict-sparks-debate. Accessed 13 May 2024.

By Taija PerryCook

Taija PerryCook is a Seattle-based journalist who previously worked for the PNW news site Crosscut and the Jordan Times in Amman.

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PhD in Halal Science (Halal Management)

Programme Details

Id: t301, name: phd in halal science (halal management), programme overview.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

English / Malay

Full-time: 2 to 5 years

Part-time: 2.5 to 7 years

Full-time: BND $7,900 (approximately for 2 years)

Part-time: BND $9,800 (approximately for 2.5 years)

*Fees included general fees, recurring fees and tuition fees.

*general fees must be paid in full before registration for the programme., *payment can be made in installments by semester..

For Local and International apply through our Online Application

This doctoral programme comprises an independent, extensive research project in halal management. Throughout the duration of the candidature, the appointed supervisor(s) and co-supervisor(s) provide supervision. This topic of research is concerned with the current management of halal products and services. The significance of this programme in comparison to other development management studies is that it focuses not only on the administration and management of halal products but also on its application to develop halal management through halalan thayyiban strategic management, policy, and standard, and their application towards local and global reach in the contemporary halal industry.

Entry requirements:.

Contact Info

Faculty/centre: halalan thayyiban research centre, contact name: professor dr hamzah bin mohd salleh (head of graduate programme), email [email protected], bachelor degree and higher national diploma programmes.

GENERAL NOTES FOR UNDERGRADUATE

Universiti Islam Sultan Sharif Ali reserves the right to reject applications which are incomplete, received after the closing date or containing false information.
Only shortlisted / successful candidates will be
Only qualifications from a University / Institution / Examination Board recognised by the University Senate will be
For entry to first degree programmes only Sijil Tinggi Pelajaran Ugama Brunei (STPUB) and Brunei-Cambridge GCE ‘A’ Level qualifications or equivalent qualifications obtained in not more than 3 sittings and not exceeding three (3) years of last examination will be
Applicants with other equivalent qualification such as Higher National Diploma (HND) may be considered subject to fulfilling the entry requirement set by the programme they have applied
General Paper and English as a Second Language will not be considered as Advanced Level
The London GCE ‘O’ Level Malay will not be considered .
Applicants who do not meet the normal entry requirements may be considered for admission to first degree programmes as mature applicants subject to the requirements set by the University as set out
Applicants must satisfy other requirements as set by faculties in Universiti Islam Sultan Sharif Ali from time to
Required to go through prescribed medical fitness examination and must be certified as fit to join the
If deemed necessary, applicants may also be required to attend an interview conducted by the relevant
Points will be allocated to ‘A’ Level grades according to the following scheme, which is based on that used by the University Colleges Admission Services (UCAS), United Kingdom. Advanced Subsidiary (AS) Level qualifications are not awarded points in the UNISSA scheme and are not taken into account when determining acceptable qualifications for entry to
For English Medium programmes, applicants must have at least a credit 6 in English Language at GCE ‘O’ Level Examination or a grade ‘ C ’ in IGCSE English (as a Second Language) or an IELTS score of 0 or a TOEFL minimum overall score of 550 .
Passed Primary School Religious Certificate ( Sijil Sekolah-Sekolah Rendah Ugama Brunei ) examination or its equivalent including Penilaian Sekolah Rendah Certificate examination for applicants from Institut Tahfiz al-Qur’an Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah (ITQSHHB) and Arabic Schools, or equivalent qualifications recognised by University
Pass al-Qur’an al-Karim recitation test conducted by the
Universiti Islam Sultan Sharif Ali reserves the right toreject applications which are incomplete, receivedafter the closing date, or containing false information.
Only shortlisted / successful candidates will be contacted.
Only qualifications from a University / Institution /Examination Board recognised by the UniversitySenate will be considered.
Passed the Primary School Religious Certificate ( Sijil Sekolah-Sekolah Rendah Ugama Brunei ) examination or its equivalent.
Applicants applying for graduate programmes must fulfil any other special requirements from the Faculty / Centre concerned and may also be required to sit for al-Qur’an al-Karim recitation test conducted by the University.
If deemed necessary, applicants may also be required to attend an interview conducted by the relevant Faculty/ Centre.
Application for a Research mode programme must be accompanied by a research proposal approximately 1,000 – 1,500 words in length.

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What we know: Donald Trump attends Barron Trump graduate high school in West Palm Beach

Since moving to palm beach after his father left the white house, barron has attended oxbridge academy, a school for grades 6-12 in west palm beach where annual tuition is a reported $41,500..

The most anticipated high school graduation since the end of the pandemic took place at Oxbridge Academy Friday morning.

Among the 116 seniors who received their diplomas in the exclusive, private prep school's graduating Class of 2024 was 18-year-old Barron Trump , the son of Donald and Melania Trump. The former first couple attended the ceremony.

On Tuesday, Oxbridge officials reminded the media and the public that the ceremony at the 54-acre campus was private and by invitation only. The school acknowledged "the heightened interest in this year’s event," presumably because of the participation of the Trumps' only child together, and the erstwhile uncertainty over the attendance of the former president and presumptive 2024 Republican presidential nominee.

Oxbridge Academy graduation: Prep school asks media, onlookers to stay away from ceremony for Barron Trump, other seniors

Here is what we know:

What do we know about the teenager?

About Barron Trump? Not a lot. The youth turned 18 on March 20, and as a minor throughout his father's public life in television, business and politics, he has been kept out of the spotlight and the media headlines.

At 6'7", he is the tallest of the Trump siblings, and rises above his father, who is 6'4". He has been living at Mar-a-Lago with his parents.

Since moving to Palm Beach after his father left the White House, Barron has attended Oxbridge Academy, a college-preparatory school for grades 6-12 in West Palm Beach where annual tuition is a reported $41,500.

What has Donald Trump said about Barron?

Donald Trump has occasionally spoken about his son, mentioning in a pre-Super Bowl interview more than four years ago that Barron liked soccer. He also noted his youngest son is a computer whiz of sorts.

Trump said last week that Barron is “very popular” in school. In a separate interview, he said Barron occasionally offers him political advice.

During a radio interview with the Kayal and Company show on Talk Radio 1210 WPHT in Philadelphia, Donald Trump said Barron advises him from time to time.

“It’s sort of funny. He’ll tell me sometimes, ‘Dad, this is what you have to do,’” Trump said on the show this month.

Where will Barron go to college?

That's another shrouded topic.

Donald Trump in the past has said he believed Barron would follow in his footsteps by attending the University of Pennsylvania. There has also been speculation that the young man might choose New York University in Manhattan, where he spent much of his childhood — and lived until his father was sworn in as the 45th president in early 2017.

But according to what Trump has told Newsweek, it looks like Barron is mulling other options now.

“Right now, he’s doing a great job,” Trump told the weekly news magazine. “He has great marks. He’s going to be going to college soon. And we’re looking at some colleges that are different than they were two months ago.”

Politics 2024: Barron Trump "declined" delegate invite to GOP convention, Melania Trump said in statement

Is Barron Trump into politics?

For three days last week, the answer appeared to be yes.

On May 8, NBC News reported that Barron Trump had been selected as a member of the Florida delegation to this summer's Republican National Convention in Milwaukee. As a delegate, he would join his half brothers Donald Jr. and Eric, and half sister Tiffany in casting votes to officially nominate their father as the GOP's presidential nominee for a third straight time.

But then, on the evening of May 10, Melania Trump issued a statement that saying that while Barron was honored to have been chosen, he was declining the opportunity due to prior commitments. She did not elaborate as to what those commitments might be.

If he follows a century of first family history, Barron Trump will not be a political player. Other children of presidents, such as Amy Carter and Chelsea Clinton , who spent part of their childhood living in the White House have not pursued political careers.

The exception was the daughter of President John F. Kennedy, Caroline, who served as U.S. ambassador to Australia and Japan.

George W. Bush, the 43rd president, followed his father's footsteps to the White House, but he did not grow up in the presidential mansion. Ditto for his brother, Jeb, who served two terms as governor of Florida and unsuccessfully sought the presidency in 2016.

Will Donald Trump attend his son's graduation?

Yes, he was there.

Last month, Donald Trump fumed "that I can't go to my son's graduation" because of his ongoing New York business fraud trial. However, the judge presiding over the case dealing with the bookkeeping of an alleged hush money payment to a porn star subsequently canceled court on today, allowing Trump to attend the graduation.

Later today, the former president will jet off to Minnesota to speak at a GOP event there this evening.

Note: This is a breaking news story. Please. return for updates.

Antonio Fins is a politics and business editor at The Palm Beach Post , part of the USA TODAY Florida Network. You can reach him at [email protected] . Help support our journalism. Subscribe today .

Columbia University graduate in zip ties rips diploma during ceremony amid Gaza protests

N EW YORK — A Columbia University graduate in zip ties and a keffiyeh ripped their diploma on stage at the social work graduation ceremony amid ongoing pro-Palestinian protests at the beleaguered Ivy League school.

Video of the protest, which went viral Sunday night after the campus chapter of Students for Justice in Palestine posted the clip on social media, showed the master’s program graduate cross the stage with their hands above their head, before tearing the degree in two and tossing it behind them.

The protester then held up their graduation cap, reportedly decorated with the name of a Palestinian prisoner, Mohammad Natsheh, during the Friday evening event. University officials twice this semester summoned the NYPD to arrest pro-Palestinian campus protesters, who were placed in the plastic handcuffs the graduate wore.

“Thousands of Columbia graduates and their families have already celebrated at Class Day ceremonies that started on Friday and concluded successfully with virtually no disruption,” a Columbia spokesperson said in a statement.

“We join in the excitement of the remaining graduates who will celebrate their incredible achievements at their own Class Days and graduation events the rest of this week and as they start their next chapter.”

Last week, Columbia announced the cancellation of its university-wide commencement, citing security concerns after weeks of campus protests over the war in Gaza that culminated with the takeover of an academic building, Hamilton Hall.

School-level graduation ceremonies are continuing as scheduled but were relocated from main campus to Columbia’s athletic complex several miles north. The undergraduate college graduation will be held Tuesday.

There were other protests and disruptions during Columbia graduation ceremonies over the weekend, including a PhD student walkout and students who crossed the stage with Palestinian flags, including one that said “divest from genocide.”

Another graduate adorned their cap to say: “Acknowledge the Class of 2024 of Gaza and those who will never graduate.”

An estimated 15,000 Columbia students were expected to receive diplomas this semester, including many undergraduates whose high school graduations were canceled in 2020 due to the pandemic. Several seniors who face disciplinary action related to the pro-Palestinian protests are not eligible to complete their degrees.

Columbia has requested the NYPD remain on campus through May 17, once all school-level ceremonies have ended.

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Malaysian Qualifications Framework
Certificate, Diploma, Advanced Diploma, Graduate Certificate & Diploma, Bachelor's Degree, Postgraduate Certificate & Diploma, Master's Degree, Doctoral Degree. MQF 2.0 The framework divides all qualifications into two sectors, correlating with the type of institution offer the courses: Vocational and Technical sector
A Glance At The Malaysian Education System
The framework specifies that a programme is required to achieve the following minimum credits before an academic qualification can be awarded by the approved higher educational institutions, e.g. certificate (60 credits), diploma (90 credits), bachelor degree (120 credits), and taught master degree (40 credits). Master and doctoral degrees ...
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"PhD ni apa sebenarnya? Macam mana nak sambung?"
Sarjana / Master. Di peringkat Master pula, subjek2 teras sama seperti tahun akhir Degree tadi di selami dengan lebih terperinci lagi. Ini bergantung terhadap mode pembelajaran sesebuah universiti yang mana ada university yang fokus ke arah akademik, ada yang fokus kepada industri dan ada yang seimbang di antara akademik dan industri.
(FSL) PhD in Shariah (Research)
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Degree. Master. PHD. Foundation. Centre for Foundation and General Studies. Programmes Intake Malaysian International Campus; Foundation in Science: August 2024: Bestari Jaya: ... Diploma in Computer Science (Industrial Computing) August 2024 **OPEN FOR APPLICATION **OPEN FOR APPLICATION: Bestari Jaya:
Apa Itu Sijil, Diploma, Ijazah, Sarjana Dan PHD
Peringkat kelulusan dan dipanggil iktisas ini dibahagikan kepada 5 peringkat utama. peringkat tersebut terdiri dari sijil, diploma, ijazah sarjana muda, ijazah sarjana dan PHD. Peringkat pertama/ permulaan. Peringkat mula-mula yang ramai orang ambil/belajar ialah peringkat Sijil ( Certificate ), Kebiasaan yang popular diambil ialah Sijil ...
Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Awam Malaysia
Ijazah Sarjana Muda/ Sarjana/ Doktor Falsafah. Halaman 1 dari 3. BIL. NAMA JAWATAN. MAKLUMAT JAWATAN. 1. Akauntan Gred WA41. 2.
PDF Permohonan Sijil & Transkrip Akademik Diploma & Sarjana Muda Bagi
UNDER GRADUATES (DIPLOMA & BACHELOR DEGREE) APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATES & ACADEMIC TRANSCRIPTS ... Centre for Graduate Studies Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia : +607 453 4842 / +607 453 4837 ... Saya juga faham bahawa sijil dikeluarkan sekali sahaja oleh pihak Universiti. Saya mengaku
Bolehkah Saya Sambung Belajar Ijazah Dengan Hanya Pengalaman Kerja?
Sijil/Diploma: RM155. 2. Ijazah Sarjana Muda: RM250. 3. Ijazah Sarjana: RM370. Yuran penilaian yang dikenakan kepada pelajar untuk APEL(C) ditetapkan oleh HEPs. ... UNITAR ialah Pusat Penilaian APEL Bertauliah yang menyediakan peluang akademik sambung belajar diploma, degree, masters, PhD dan lain sambil bekerja. Ia juga memberi peluang kepada ...
How Long Does It Take to Get a Ph.D. Degree?
Kee says funding for a humanities Ph.D. program typically only lasts five years, even though it is uncommon for someone to obtain a Ph.D. degree in a humanities field within that time frame ...
Master & PhD
INSTITUTE OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES (IPS) Universiti Kuala Lumpur Level 22, 1016, Jalan Sultan Ismail, 50250 Kuala Lumpur. Fax: +603 - 2175 4441 Email: [email protected]
Diploma in Psychology
Foundation Diploma Bachelor Degree Master Degree PhD Mode of Study Conventional Open Distance Learning. Area of Study (A-Z) ... Sijil Tinggi Agama Malaysia (STAM) A Pass with at least Grade of Maqbul. Others. A Pass in Certificate (Level 3, MQF) in related field with minimum CGPA 2.00 or any other equivalent qualifications recognized by the ...
Master's vs PhD
The two most common types of graduate degrees are master's and doctoral degrees: A master's is a 1-2 year degree that can prepare you for a multitude of careers. A PhD, or doctoral degree, takes 3-7 years to complete (depending on the country) and prepares you for a career in academic research. A master's is also the necessary first ...
Master Degree and PhD
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Doctor of Philosophy in Education
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International Office Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) 86400 Parit Raja Batu Pahat Johor , Malaysia. Tel : +607-453 8514 / 8515 Fax : +607-453 8516
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RIT graduate pursues Ph.D. across time zones
In 2020-2021, RIT's Graduate School met and surpassed the university's goal of conferring 50 Ph.D. degrees during an academic year. That number will continue to grow as students cycle through the seven new Ph.D. programs that RIT has added since 2017, said Diane Slusarski, dean of RIT's Graduate School.
Columbia University Student Ripped Diploma in Pro-Palestine Protest at
On May 12, 2024, several X posts went viral with video of a student tearing up a diploma while walking in the 2024 commencement ceremony of the Columbia University School of Social Work. One post ...
PhD in Halal Science (Halal Management)
Passed the Primary School Religious Certificate (Sijil Sekolah-Sekolah Rendah Ugama Brunei) examination or its equivalent. Applicants applying for graduate programmes must fulfil any other special requirements from the Faculty / Centre concerned and may also be required to sit for al-Qur'an al-Karim recitation test conducted by the University.
Donald Trump to see Barron Trump graduate at Oxbridge Academy
The most anticipated high school graduation since the end of the pandemic took place at Oxbridge Academy Friday morning.. Among the 116 seniors who received their diplomas in the exclusive ...
Columbia University graduate in zip ties rips diploma during ...
NEW YORK — A Columbia University graduate in zip ties and a keffiyeh ripped their diploma on stage at the social work graduation ceremony amid ongoing pro-Palestinian protests at the beleaguered ...

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Chapter 1: Higher Education System

Section 1.2: Description of Higher Education System

Section 1.3: Number of Higher Education Institutions

Section 1.4 Number of Students in Higher Education

Section 1.5: Structure of Academic Year

Section 1.6: National Qualifications Framework (or Similar)

Section 1.7: Learning Outcomes in Higher Education

Section 1.8: Admission Requirements to Higher Education

Section 1.9: Grading System

Section 1.11: Graduation Requirements and/or Qualification Awarding Requirements

Section 1.12: Relevant Current and Prospective Reforms in Higher Education

Chapter 2: Quality Assurance in Higher Education

Section 2.2: Quality Assurance System

Chapter 3: Credit System in Higher Education

Section 3.2: Credit Transfer System(s)

Section 3.3: Additional Information

Section 3.4: Application of Credit System in Higher Education Institutions Obligatory?

Section 3.6: Number of Credits per Higher Education Cycle

Section 3.7: Description of Credit Unit

Section 3.8: Link between Learning Outcomes and Credits

DATA KERING PERUBAHAN IKLIM BERTUKAR MENJADI MELODI HIDUP

ASPEK NEGATIF MEMPENGARUHI KECEMERLANGAN MURID KOREA SELATAN DALAM MATEMATIK?

Teknostres dilema pendidikan di Malaysia?

JANGAN PANDANG RENDAH PADA BUIH

“PhD ni apa sebenarnya? Macam mana nak sambung?”

Perjalanan Kepada PhD

STPM / Asasi / Sijil Kemahiran / Diploma

Sarjana Muda / Degree

Sarjana / Master

Mencari Penaja

Pilihan 1: IPT Dalam Negara

Pilihan 2: Organisasi Dalam Negara

Pilihan 3: Organisasi Luar Negara

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