write an essay on technical education in nepal

Overview of Technical and Vocational Education in Nepal

A strong and well-thought-out technical and vocational education and training boosts productivity and aids in establishing employment opportunities., by sugam nanda bajracharya | august 22, 2022, economic development, youth empowerment, 6 minute read.

The skills and knowledge of a population, strengthen a country’s economy and development. Least developed nations like Nepal need to focus on developing the skills of its population to create a resilient and growing economy. Skill development is critical and should be prioritized in Nepal as the country has a growing number of youth population who have received formal education but lack the practical skills necessary for the job market. The Government of Nepal envisions achieving rapid, sustainable, and employment-oriented economic growth as per its 15 th Five-Year Plan . Similarly, it has targeted to provide high quality, employment – oriented and practical education to all its citizens. One of the main levers of sustainable development is education, which involves the transfer, acquisition, creation, and adaptation of information, knowledge, skills, and values. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have also been incorporated into Nepal’s national development framework, which includes quality education, decent work and economic growth. The SDGs call for access to high-quality training and reasonably priced technical, vocational, and tertiary education, including university education. By 2030, the SDGs envision more young people and adults to have the necessary skills, including technical and vocational ones, for employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship.

Nepal’s Youth Lack the Skills for Employment

The current status of skills and employment levels in Nepal is far from satisfactory. According to UNICEF’s Voices of Youth: South Asian Perspectives on Education, Skills and Employment survey, which included 33,000 young people from varied backgrounds throughout South Asia, including Nepal – 54% of South Asia’s youth will not have the necessary skills for employment by 2030. According to a recent report released by UNICEF , young people aged 15 to 24 in about 92 countries including Nepal are off-course when it comes to acquiring the skills required for employment. A mismatch of skills and jobs can be attributed to inadequate skill attainment among young people, and more so among those living in low-income nations, where the percentage of young people who are on track to acquire relevant skills is the lowest. As per the National Labour Force Survey 2017/18 , 47% of Nepal’s working age population is in the 15 to the 34-year age group. However, the unemployment rate amongst the 15 to 24-years and 25 to 34-years age groups is 21.4% and 12.7%, respectively.

The discrepancies in skills and jobs in Nepal do not imply that the country lacks appropriate institutions that offer skills and knowledge that can educate the young population. While many young people do not usually opt for these technical schools , those who do attend have not been able to keep up with demand in the market. Every fiscal year, the Government of Nepal sets aside budget and programs to promote such technical and vocational education. For the current fiscal year, out of the NPR 198.6 billion budget for the education sector the government has allocated NPR 8.3 billion for vocational and technical education. It also plans to promote the “Education with Skill Program” to promote employment and production through skilled and educated labour.

The Council for Technical Education and Vocational Training (CTEVT) was founded as the apex institution to promote the growth of Nepal’s Technical Education and Vocational Training (TVET) sector. The CTEVT aims to generate all levels of technical human resources in accordance with labour market demands by coordinating with and among various TVET-providing agencies in the nation and certify the skills acquired by workers informally/unofficially. Since its inception, CTEVT has been offered 140 1696-hour short-term vocational training programs, including 24-months apprenticeship programs, 18-months pre-diploma programs, and three-year diploma programs. There are currently a total of 1106 institutes across Nepal runs CTEVT courses, including 63 component institutions, 429 associated private institutes, 572 community schools offering TECS programs, and 42 partnering institutes. Likewise, CTEVT currently offers  260 short-term training curriculum, 49 diploma-level curricula, 33 pre-diploma level curricula (including apprenticeship), and 9 curricula for professional courses in fields ranging from engineering, agriculture, health, hospitality, and others.

Challenges in Vocational and Technical skilling up

While the CTEVT offers an incredibly wide range of TVET programs, the enrollment in these programs is much lower than expected. The data from CTEVT show that the intake in the pre-diploma and diploma courses is decreasing as compared to the enrollment capacity. While the demand for technical human resources in the market exists, the trainees are less interested to pursue enrollment in the pre-diploma and diploma courses that might give them the skills required for the jobs.

Figure 1: Enrollment capacity and actual enrollment of CTEVT courses (FY2020/21)

Source: CTEVT Annual Report 2021

Another concern that Nepal experiences are the problem of the TEVT curricula either not being updated at all or not being updated in a timely manner to reflect the shifting demands of the labour market. It was discovered that the needs of the industry were not fully considered while creating a curriculum, and faculty members were not given the training that was required in new industries as specified in the curricula. Due to the gap between the supply and demand for skills, TVET programs’ quality is suffering, and as a result, the graduates suffer. Additionally, the perception of CTEVT programs in Nepali society appears to be unfavorable, as few people consider TVET to be an acceptable alternative to academic university programs. Less than 2% of higher secondary school students in Nepal are enrolled in programs for technical and vocational education.

Way Forward

It is essential that academicians and the relevant stakeholders consider the changing market needs, evolving technology, and requirements of the ongoing human resource need when developing a curriculum. A strong and well-thought-out Technical and Vocational Education and Training boosts productivity and aids in establishing employment opportunities. In order to attract young people and ensure that the courses and certifications offered by the organizations are valid and recognized by the industry, the CTEVT needs to work toward improved branding of its qualifications. While the CTEVT does work with private sector associations and federations such as the Federation of Nepalese Chambers of Commerce and Industries, the Confederation of Nepali Industries and the Nepalese Chamber of Commerce, the association among these bodies need to be coordinated to leverage these partnerships. This would collectively help individuals and the economy to identify obvious demand and supply gaps within the labor market and bring about solutions through collaborative efforts.  

Sugam Nanda Bajracharya is an MBA graduate from Stamford International University. Currently, he is working as a Beed at Beed management and a Research Associate at Nepal Economic Forum. Sugam works actively with the private sector and development partners on topics related to trade, sectoral studies, economic policy research, policy and strategy development.

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Write an essay on "Technical Education in Nepal" || Essay on Technical Education in Nepal

  write an essay on "technical education in nepal".

The term "Technical Education" comprises the two words "Technical" and "Education". Technical word has come from the noun "Technique" which means skills needed for practical job or connected with practical use. The word "Education" means knowledge or to make someone able in doing something very good. Technical Education means, knowledge or education given practically to make someone able to do the job skillfully, or make people work with machine or tools. So technical knowledge is making people able to work with machine, use tools and instruments. It is the process of making the humans fit to work with machine, tools, instruments etc. The combination of human and machine helps to bring economic prosperity and progress in any country.

Nepal is one of the developing countries in the world. To bring this nation at the level of perfection in terms of economy and technology, technical education is must. In each and every sector, technology is used, so technical man power is needed. Many structures, factories, companies, industries need technical man power and technical persons are created through Technical Education. Our country is agricultural country, and technology can aid a lot of support in this sector. To manage man power in these fields more and more technical persons are needed. The increasing demand of technical persons can be fulfilled producing technical persons through technical educational institutions. Any county can't step ahead in lack of technical persons. Such is the case in our country to. If our country can't produce technical man power, we must import such people from other countries and it is too costly to import such persons from other countries. The better solution is produce such people here in own country.

Technology has great effects on the people of Nepal because through media, they see other country being developed because of their efforts and investment in technology and technical education. It has a great influence on people because people of advanced countries have been living luxurious life style. If people are back stopped with technology, and technical education, evry nation will certainly develop. If people start working with machine and eqipments they produce much more, and even the country wil be able to export to other countries increasing national income.

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Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Essay: Technical Education

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Technical Education in Nepal

Technical education has existed in Nepal for a long time. Controlled by the Council of Technical Education and Vocational Training (CTEVT) is responsible for regulating this education system. Established in 1989 under the CTEVT ACT, the government body aims to strengthen technical education in Nepal.

Regarded as one of the most important education systems in Nepal, technical education helps to solve unemployment. It does so by providing different skills and abilities to students and helping them become an integral part of economic development.

After earning a technical education degree, youths can expect to be self-reliant and build confidence to work in different sectors including the medical field, engineering field, hydropower, forestry, and automobile industry among others.

Why technical education?

Technical education stimulates the technological and industrial development of a nation through the production of highly skilled manpower who are always in demand in the market. Needed in different aspects of our life, vocational education enables youth to participate in the development of the nation.

Vocational education aims to prepare people for employment in recognized occupations. It heavily focuses on practical education and helps students acquire understanding and practical knowledge regarding occupation in various sectors that lead to the economic growth of the country.

Can you study Bachelors after completing your Diploma?

Yes, you can study bachelors after completing your diploma.

What is the average cost of studying Technical Education in Nepal?

The average cost of studying technical education in Nepal and earning a diploma degree is Rs 2, 00,000. It usually differs from college to college.

List of Technical Education degrees in affiliation to CTEVT

Multiple schools and colleges have been established throughout Nepal in order to provide various technical education degrees. There are 99 schools that provide technical education in Nepal.

Here is a list and brief description of the diploma degrees.

Agriculture Plant/Animal

Diploma in Agriculture (I.Sc. Ag) Plant Science : The program aims to prepare students to work in the agriculture business. It also helps students develop skills needed to thrive in farm management, crop management, livestock supply among others.

Diploma In Agriculture (I.Sc. Ag) Animal Science : The course provides knowledge for bachelors in related fields. It covers different aspects of animal husbandry and veterinary science.

Engineering

Diploma In Civil Engineering : This program is designed to produce mid-level technical staff equipped with knowledge and skills related to the field of civil engineering in order to meet the country’s demand for such a workforce to contribute to Nepal’s national economic development.

Diploma In Mechanical Engineering : There are 6 different schools that provide this degree in affiliation with CTEVT. Students will specialize in product design, maintenance engineering, and industrial engineering among others.

Diploma In Information Technology : The course extends over three years and focuses on fundamental principles of Information technology. It helps students develop wide range of skills required to build a career in IT sector.

Diploma In Geomatics Engineering : It intends to produce competent geomatics technicians who are equipped with knowledge and skills related to land surveying, engineering/construction surveys and geographical information systems.

Diploma In Computer Engineering : This program aims to foster the knowledge and skills required thrive in the field of computer engineering and information technology in Nepal.

Diploma In Automobile Engineering : This course is a sub branch of mechanical engineering and consists elements of electrical engineering, software engineering, mechanical engineering, manufacturing and design. Students will be able to monitor, supervise, and control different phases of motor production processes.

Diploma In Architecture Engineering : The course focuses on building design, foundational engineering and helps the student become highly skilled manpower in the field of architecture engineering. Student can expect to become Junior Architects after completing the degree.

Diploma In Biomedical Equipment Engineering :  The course helps to understand the relationship between human physiology and biomedical engineering and enables the student to carry out planning and medical device management in the health sector.

Diploma In Electrical & Electronics Engineering : Students who intend to work in the electrical field can pursue this degree. The course covers fundamentals which help the students become electronics technicians.

Diploma In Hydropower Engineering : One of the influential areas in the engineering sector is hydropower engineering. It emphasizes on the broader application of hydroelectricity.

Health /nursing

Diploma in Ophthalmic Science : In order to provide curative and reliable eye health programs to the citizens, CTEVT aims to create skilled Ophthalmic Assistants with this program. After receiving theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of Ophthalmology, the students can play important role in eye care delivery system of Nepal.   

Diploma In Pharmacy : Pharmacology is one of the main disciplines under Biomedical Science and the pharmaceutical industry. Students will learn the appropriate use of medication and also how to prepare and dispense them. The supply of pharmaceuticals for health care services is the primary responsibility of the graduate.

Diploma in Physiotherapy : Physiotherapy is an emerging field in the health service sector. This field has supported people with their fitness, treatment, and restoration, and also created job opportunities in both the public and private sectors and tremendous opportunities for self-employment as well.

Diploma In Forestry (I. Sc. Forestry): Some of the topics that this course focuses on are soil conservation, watershed management, community forest management, wildlife management. Graduates will work to solve the problems that are affecting the forests.

Management/ Humanities

Diploma In Social Work :  Students will be able to understand strategies of social changes and learn the ethics of social work. They can also apply the skills for the growth of families and communities.

Diploma In Journalism & Mass Communication : The course is a combination of different topics in the field of mass communication and journalism. Field work is a major part of the course.

Diploma In Beauty And Cosmetology : The course covers fundamentals of beauty and cosmetology. Some of the topics include make up, nail beautification, hair treatment, anatomy and physiology of the hair, nail and skin. As the course advances students can also learn about dermatology.

Hospitality                

Diploma In Hotel Management : This course is designed to produce skilled manpower for the hospitality sector. Some of the fundamental topics include airline catering, institutional operations, cooking, among others.

Diploma in Library and Information Centre Management : The program focuses on providing practice-oriented management skills that help the learners acquire skills regarding library and information management while enriching practical management skills to enhance library and service management efficiency.

Some other degrees in this discipline includes the following courses.

• PCL Nursing
• Diploma (Certificate Level) In Dental Laboratory Technology
• Diploma (Certificate Level) In Yoga and Naturopathy
• Diploma In Ayurveda Pharmacy
• Diploma In Fashion Design
• Diploma In Refrigeration And Air Conditioning
• Diploma In Mechatronics Engineering
• Diploma In Food/Dairy Technology
• Diploma In Entrepreneurship Development
• Diploma In Medicinal And Aromatic Plants

Conclusion:  Should you study Technical Education?

Technical and vocational education and training plays an essential role in improving the wellbeing of youths and communities. It increases the productivity and empowers individual to become the workforce of the nation. Its impact on human resource development is notable.

This education system can be a decisive instrument for youths to improve their social status and also help for the sustainable development of the country. So, in this day and age when more and more development activities are taking place, this degree can be very fruitful.

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Education System in Nepal: Structure, Challenges and Solutions

Article 12 Feb 2023 19530 0

Education is a critical aspect of human development and progress, and it is no different in the case of Nepal. With a rich history and cultural heritage, Nepal is a fascinating country with a diverse population. The education system in Nepal has undergone significant changes and developments over the years, and this article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the current state of education in Nepal.

Overview of the Education System in Nepal:

The education system in Nepal is governed by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology, and it is structured into primary, secondary, and higher education. The education system in Nepal is free and compulsory for children aged 5 to 16 years. The Nepalese government has made significant efforts to improve access to education, particularly in rural and remote areas, and the results have been encouraging.

Historical Background and Evolution of Education in Nepal:

The history of education in Nepal can be traced back to ancient times when the Gurukula system was prevalent. This traditional system of education was based on apprenticeship, where students would live with their teachers and learn various subjects, including religion, philosophy, and practical skills. As Nepal opened to the influence of other countries, including Britain, the education system underwent significant changes, and modern schools were introduced. As the country has maintained its sovereignty throughout history.

During the Rana dynasty (1846-1951), the education system in Nepal was confined to the ruling class, and the majority of the population was illiterate. It wasn't until the 1950s, after the fall of the Rana dynasty and the introduction of democratic governance, that the education system in Nepal began to expand. During this period, the Nepalese government made efforts to improve access to education and to provide education to all sections of the population. The education system in Nepal was further expanded in the 1960s when the government introduced a policy of compulsory education, making primary education free and compulsory for all children.

Over the next few decades, the education system in Nepal continued to evolve and expand. In the 1980s, the government introduced a policy of extending free education to the secondary level, and in the 1990s, the government established a number of universities, which helped to expand access to higher education in Nepal.

Structure of the Education System in Nepal:

Primary Education: Primary education in Nepal is mandatory for children aged 5 to 11 years, and it lasts for six years. The primary education curriculum covers subjects such as Nepali, mathematics, science, and social studies.

Secondary Education: Secondary education in Nepal lasts for five years and is divided into two stages, lower secondary and upper secondary. The lower secondary stage lasts for three years, while the upper secondary stage lasts for two years. The curriculum at the secondary level includes subjects such as Nepali, mathematics, science, and social studies, as well as elective subjects such as arts, music, and physical education.

Higher Education: Higher education in Nepal includes colleges and universities, and it is optional for students who have completed their secondary education. The higher education system in Nepal offers a wide range of programs, including bachelor's degrees in arts, science, and commerce, as well as master's and PhD programs.

Current State of Education in Nepal:

The current state of education in Nepal is a mixed picture, with both positive developments and ongoing challenges. On the one hand, there has been significant progress in increasing access to education and improving the quality of education in Nepal in recent years. On the other hand, there are still significant disparities in access to education and in the quality of education, particularly in rural areas and for children from disadvantaged backgrounds.

• Enrollment and Literacy Rates: The enrollment rate in primary education in Nepal has increased in recent years, reaching 85% in 2019, according to the World Bank. Additionally, the literacy rate in Nepal has increased from 65% in 2015 to 72% in 2019.
• Access to Education: The Nepalese government has made significant efforts to increase access to education, particularly in rural areas. Programs such as the Community Schools Program have successfully enrolled over 50,000 students from underprivileged backgrounds.
• Quality of Education: Despite progress in increasing access to education, the quality of education remains a concern. Many schools lack basic infrastructure and qualified teachers, and the quality of education received by students in rural areas is often lower than that received by urban students.
• Teacher Training and Availability: The Nepalese government has made efforts to improve teacher training and increase the availability of qualified teachers, particularly in rural areas. However, there is still a shortage of qualified teachers in many areas, and many teachers remain inadequately trained.
• Gender Disparities: Despite progress in increasing access to education for girls in Nepal, significant disparities remain. Girls are still less likely to attend school and to complete their education than boys, particularly in rural areas.

Challenges Faced by the Education System in Nepal:

Despite the progress made in recent years, the education system in Nepal still faces several challenges. One of the biggest challenges is the lack of resources, particularly in rural and remote areas, where infrastructure and facilities are limited. Another challenge is the quality of education, which is often poor, and teacher training and development are also lacking. Furthermore, there are significant disparities in access to education between urban and rural areas, and between different socio-economic groups.

Some of the major challenges facing the education system in Nepal include:

• Low Enrollment and Attendance Rates: Despite the introduction of compulsory education, many children in Nepal, especially in rural areas, do not attend school. According to the latest data from the World Bank, the net enrollment rate in primary education in Nepal was only 85% in 2019. Additionally, many children who do enroll in school drop out before completing their education.
• Poor Quality of Education: The quality of education in Nepal remains a major concern. Many schools lack basic infrastructure, such as toilets and drinking water facilities, and the teacher-student ratio is often high, leading to overcrowded classrooms and inadequate attention for individual students. Additionally, many teachers in Nepal are poorly trained, and there is a shortage of qualified teachers in many rural areas.
• Lack of Resources: The Nepalese government faces significant challenges in providing sufficient resources for the education system. The government budget allocation for education remains low, and many schools lack adequate funding for basic supplies and infrastructure. This has a negative impact on the quality of education and student outcomes.
• Inequality: Despite the government's efforts to provide education to all sections of the population, significant disparities remain in access to education and in the quality of education. Children from disadvantaged backgrounds, including those from low-income families and from rural areas, face significant barriers to accessing education, and the quality of education they receive is often lower than that of their urban peers.
• Political Instability: Political instability and frequent changes in government have had a negative impact on the education system in Nepal. This has led to a lack of consistency in policy and has hindered the government's ability to effectively implement reforms and initiatives aimed at improving the education system.

Government Initiatives and Policies to Improve the Education System:

The Nepalese government has taken various initiatives and implemented policies to improve the education system in Nepal. One of the most successful government-led initiatives is the Community Schools Program, which has enrolled over 50,000 students from underprivileged backgrounds. The program provides free education, as well as other resources such as textbooks, uniforms, and meals to students in rural areas where access to education is limited. The program has been instrumental in increasing enrollment and reducing dropout rates, and it serves as a model for other initiatives aimed at improving access to education in Nepal.

Another initiative that has been introduced in recent years is the implementation of digital classrooms in some schools in Nepal. This has not only improved the quality of education by providing students with access to digital resources and educational technology, but it has also helped to reduce the burden on teachers, who are now able to use digital tools to enhance their teaching methods.

Despite these efforts, the education system in Nepal still faces a number of challenges. One of the major challenges is the shortage of trained and qualified teachers. Many schools in rural areas lack trained teachers, which leads to low-quality education and high dropout rates. In addition, the lack of adequate infrastructure and facilities in many schools is another challenge, as this makes it difficult for students to receive a proper education.

Another challenge facing the education system in Nepal is the lack of funding and resources. The government has limited resources to invest in education, and this has resulted in a lack of investment in infrastructure, teacher training, and other resources necessary to provide quality education to students. As a result, many schools in Nepal are under-resourced and are unable to provide students with the education they need to succeed.

Despite these challenges, the future prospects for the education system in Nepal are positive. The Nepalese government has demonstrated a commitment to improving the education system, and it has taken a number of important steps towards achieving this goal. Additionally, international organizations and non-governmental organizations have been providing support and resources to help the Nepalese government achieve its goals.

Recommendations

Given the challenges faced by the education system in Nepal, it is clear that a comprehensive approach is needed to address these issues and improve the quality of education in Nepal. Improving the education system in Nepal requires a multi-faceted approach, encompassing investment in education, teacher training and support, promoting gender equality, improving the quality of education, and encouraging private sector involvement. With the right investments and policies, it is possible to build a strong and effective education system in Nepal that will provide all children with access to quality education.

Here are a few recommendations that could help to achieve this goal:

• Increase investment in education: The Nepalese government should increase investment in the education sector, to provide better infrastructure, teacher training and support, and educational materials for students. This will improve the quality of education and increase access to education for all children, especially those in rural areas.
• Address teacher shortages: The Nepalese government should take steps to address the shortage of qualified teachers, particularly in rural areas, by providing teacher training and support programs and increasing incentives for teachers to work in rural areas.
• Promote gender equality: The Nepalese government should take steps to promote gender equality in education, by providing girls with equal access to education and by addressing the social and cultural barriers that prevent girls from attending school and completing their education.
• Improve quality of education: The Nepalese government should work to improve the quality of education by implementing national curriculum standards, ensuring that all schools have adequate resources and infrastructure, and providing regular teacher training and support programs.
• Emphasize early childhood education: The Nepalese government should place a strong emphasis on early childhood education, to provide children with the foundation they need for future academic success and to help break the cycle of poverty.
• Encourage private sector involvement: The Nepalese government should encourage private sector involvement in the education sector, through public-private partnerships and other initiatives, to help provide additional resources and support for education in Nepal.

In conclusion, the education system in Nepal has come a long way since its inception, and it has made significant progress in recent years. However, it still faces a number of challenges, including a shortage of trained teachers, lack of adequate infrastructure and facilities, and lack of funding and resources. The Nepalese government and international organizations have demonstrated a commitment to improving the education system, and with the right resources and support, the future prospects for education in Nepal are bright.

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Education system in Nepal – Research Essay

Introduction

In my research essay, I explore the education system in Nepal. I am already aware that the education system in Nepal was based on home schooling and Gurukula, but since they become a democracy in 1951, they have made many improvements. It is my intention to find out what those improvements are.

Methodology

My main methodology will include reading written research on the subject from local libraries, University libraries, and trusted online resources. I will also research and read records and websites relating to trusted statistics. They have school and higher education, where a student has to apply for higher education as people have to in other countries.

A student gets a school-leaving certificate for completing school and getting their education. Grades 11 and 12 are considered higher secondary education, for which a student gets a certificate for completing by the HSEB, which is the Higher Secondary Education Board.

If you opt for higher education, then you may earn your bachelor degree, masters and PhD in a Nepal college. There is also vocational education that starts in lower school and allows a person to work towards a trade and get a “Technical School leaving Certificate”. Research

The first school in Nepal was made only for elite learners and was opened in 1853. More have come about since democracy broke out in Nepal, and again in 1971 when the country built its education department and started allowing and funding schools in Nepal.

In 1971, there was a literacy rate of 5%. There were also a total of 10,000 students spread across 300 schools. Now much of the population receives some sort of education and the number of schools, big and small, is 49,000. The adult literacy rate has jumped from just 5% to 60.3%.

Nepal has done a good job to come so far in such as short space of time, but there is still a long way to go. Poverty and social exclusion are two very big restraints on people and their ability to get a good (or usable) education. There are also more males getting an education than females. There are 46.3% of females getting an education, whereas there are 73% of males getting an education. These are very good figures and show that the government in Nepal has been working towards improving the education system in Nepal. Conclusion

The education system in Nepal is not as bad as it was, but there are still massive holes in their education system. They really need to up the pace if they want to get anywhere near to the quality levels of many other countries.

There are clearly more opportunities for students in Nepal these days than there was, and they have certainly created a good structure on which to build a good education system, but it needs a lot of work. Too many people are excluded from school because of poverty or social exclusion, and females are not getting as good of an education than male students are (especially since fewer females attend school).

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