are personal essays formal or informal

Extended Essay: Formal vs. Informal Writing

• Extended Essay- The Basics
• Step 1. Choose a Subject
• Step 2. Educate yourself!
• Using Brainstorming and Mind Maps
• Identify Keywords
• Do Background Reading
• Define Your Topic
• Conduct Research in a Specific Discipline
• Step 5. Draft a Research Question
• Step 6. Create a Timeline
• Find Articles
• Find Primary Sources
• Get Help from Experts
• Search Engines, Repositories, & Directories
• Databases and Websites by Subject Area
• Create an Annotated Bibliography
• Advice (and Warnings) from the IB
• Chicago Citation Syle
• MLA Works Cited & In-Text Citations
• Step 9. Set Deadlines for Yourself
• Step 10. Plan a structure for your essay
• Evaluate & Select: the CRAAP Test
• Conducting Secondary Research
• Conducting Primary Research
• Formal vs. Informal Writing
• Presentation Requirements
• Evaluating Your Work

Differences Between Informal and Formal Essays

When writing your extended essay you should use language that is formal and academic in tone.  The chart below gives you some idea of the differences between informal and formal essays. See the box below for examples of the differences in tone in informal and formal essays written on identical topics. A PDF of this chart, and the examples below, is in the box to the right , along with a list of tips for avoiding colloquial writing.

Examples of Informal and Formal Tone in Essay Writing

The following examples highlight the differences between formal and informal tone.

Language B - English

• Formal vs. Informal Writing A chart giving the differences between informal and formal essays in seven areas (author's viewpoint; subject/content (sources of evidence); tone; structure; location of the research question; vocabulary; and purpose. Also included are examples comparing informal and formal writing for essays in English, biology, and psychology.
• How to Avoid Colloquial (Informal) Writing While it may be acceptable in friendly e-mails and chat rooms, excessive colloquialism is a major pitfall that lowers the quality of formal written text. Here are some steps/tips that you can follow to help improve your overall writing.
• << Previous: Plagiarism
• Next: Presentation Requirements >>
• Last Updated: Apr 12, 2024 2:56 PM
• URL: https://libguides.westsoundacademy.org/ee

Informal Vs. Formal Writing: What’s The Difference?

• What Is Formal Writing?
• What Is Informal Writing?
• Formal Vs. Informal Writing
• Formal Example
• Informal Example

As a writer, you’re faced with a lot of choices related to your writing: how long should your essay be ? Who should be addressed in a cover letter ? What is a thesis statement ? But there’s one question that also applies to every composition: how do you distinguish writing that’s informal vs. formal?  

That’s right. Whether a piece is informal or formal will influence everything down to the smallest comma and period. But what, exactly, is the difference between formal and informal writing? When do you use one over the other? Are they really that different? If you are wondering the answers to those questions, then read on as we explore the many different features between formal and informal writing. 

What is formal writing ?

First, you should know that it is the intended readers that will determine if a writer should use formal writing or informal writing . Generally, formal writing is defined as writing targeted toward an audience that a person doesn’t personally know. Typically, formal writing is used when a person wants their writing to be viewed as professional, polite, authoritative, or some combination thereof. For this reason, formal writing is often used in professional settings. For example, formal writing is often the form of writing used in research and academic papers, corporate memos and emails, press releases, and job applications. 

What is informal writing ?

Informal writing is the inverse of formal writing . In a manner of speaking, informal writing is the T-shirt-and-jeans counterpart to formal writing’s dress coat and pants. In general, informal writing is defined as writing targeted toward an audience that the writer knows personally or with whom the writer wants to establish a friendly tone. Informal writing may include inside jokes, slang, abbreviations, and local colloquialisms . 

As you might expect, informal writing is common in casual settings such as social media and in texting between friends. However, you will often see informal writing used in other situations, such as in literature or in lighthearted feature stories in newspapers and magazines. 

Formal vs. informal writing

There are many differences between formal and informal writing. We will cover a large number of them here, but this list won’t be exhaustive. Still, you should have a good idea how formal and informal writing differ after looking at these different features.

Grammar, spelling, and punctuation

In almost all cases, formal writing adheres to the proper rules of grammar, spelling, and punctuation . Informal writing, on the other hand, may not. A person may not intentionally break the rules of grammar in informal writing, but they know that a reader is unlikely to care about errors or nonstandard sentence structure. 

• Formal writing: The writing was clear but had several mistakes; you should revise and redraft the article.
• Informal writing: The writing was clear, but had alot of mistakes… u should revise and redraft the article.  

Formal writing doesn’t always have to follow stuffy, antiquated rules. Check out 5 formulaic writing rules you can explore breaking.

Sentence length

Generally speaking, formal writing often uses long, complex sentences that are connected using transitions. Informal writing often includes shorter sentences that may abruptly move from topic to topic. 

• Formal writing: Surprise inspections will be performed on a regular basis as determined by the acting supervisor, who has the authority to request them as needed. Furthermore, employees should be prepared to submit their work for review in a timely fashion. 
• Informal writing: I love my new sweater! Thank you!! Where do you want to meet for lunch?

Vocabulary and tone

Typically, formal writing has a serious tone and uses a sophisticated vocabulary that often includes large, complex words. Additionally, formal writing often uses technical terms that match the topic being discussed. For example, a medical text using formal writing will often use the term tibia rather than shinbone or a similar term. Informal writing will often instead have a lighter tone that uses simpler, commonly used words.

• Formal writing: The research team expeditiously and meticulously analyzed the findings in order to identify the origin of the Staphylococcus infection.  
• Informal writing: We were out back chopping down some trees when Mom called.

Third person vs. first person/second person

In general, formal writing is usually written from the third person . Formal writing typically avoids using first- or second-person pronouns such as I, me, we, us, and you . By contrast, informal writing often uses first-, second-, and third-person perspectives while making frequent use of personal pronouns. Because of this difference, formal writing is also more likely to use the passive voice in order to avoid using a first- or second-person perspective.

• Formal writing: The data were gathered by using sorting algorithms. 
• Informal writing: I used sorting algorithms to gather the data. 

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Word choice

In general, formal writing will most likely avoid using many of the words or phrases that our dictionary has tagged as being informal. This includes terms such as wanna , gotta , gonna , ‘nuff , kerfuffle, cept, ’Merica, thingamajig , and many other examples of informal language. Relatedly, phrasal verbs are also often typically not used in formal writing . Formal writing will also typically avoid using slang, euphemisms , colloquialisms, expletives, vulgarities, nonstandard abbreviations, jargon , and online acronyms.  

• Formal writing: Gregory wanted to remove the items from the box, but it was sealed tightly. Being unable to find scissors, he admitted defeat and ate a sandwich. 
• Informal writing: Greg was dying to get the stuff outta the box, but the box was like it ain’t happening bro lol. He couldn’t find the damn scissors, so he said the hell with it and bounced to go scarf a hoagie.

Interjections

Typically, interjections are not used in formal writing . Going further, exclamation points usually don’t appear very often in formal writing. Both interjections and exclamation points are used in informal writing. 

• Formal writing: The mixture violently erupted, catching bystanders unaware. 
• Informal writing: The stuff exploded! Wow! 

Contractions

Typically, contractions are avoided in formal writing , and the words are instead spelled out. In informal writing, contractions are commonly used. 

  Examples: 

• Formal writing: The team would have purchased extra materials, but the store was not open. 
• Informal writing: The team would’ve purchased extra materials, but the store wasn’t open. 

Objectivity

In general, formal writing is usually written objectively . In most cases, writers attempt to avoid stating subjective thoughts or presenting personal opinions in the main text of formal writing. When presenting arguments in formal writing, writers often calmly present their side backed by supporting evidence and trustworthy sources . Informal writing can include (strongly worded) personal opinions, emotional appeals, and inflammatory language presented without evidence or supporting facts. 

• Formal writing: As the evidence clearly shows, the director severely miscalculated production costs when initially presenting the film’s budget.
• Informal writing: The incompetent buffoon who claims to be a professional director blew the budget so badly that the studio should fire him as soon as possible. 

Formal writing often entails referencing or researching what others have written. Check out these tips to avoid plagiarism.

Example of formal writing

The following excerpt shows an example of formal writing that was used in a statement released by American president Joe Biden:

Love is love, and Americans should have the right to marry the person they love. Today’s bipartisan vote brings the United States one step closer to protecting that right in law. The Respect for Marriage Act will ensure that LGBTQI+ couples and interracial couples are respected and protected equally under federal law, and provide more certainty to these families since the Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs . I want to thank the Members of Congress whose leadership has sent a strong message that Republicans and Democrats can work together to secure the fundamental right of Americans to marry the person they love. I urge Congress to quickly send this bill to my desk where I will promptly sign it into law.

Example of informal writing

The following example of informal writing is a review of the movie Fight Club by a user of the aggregator website Metacritic:  

Best movie of all time. Period. Seen it more than 28 times. Its a bible of what we have to learn. I say you are not your clothes. You are not the brands u wear, even when u think they re part of ur personality. Comb your hair. I ll tell everyone here the end of the movie, but that its not what this movie is about. First rule of fight club is… you do not talk about fight club. And if u havent seen this film then you are a hollow shell. Become human again and start by watching this lesson.

Explore the resources we've created for you to help up your writing game, all in one place.

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What is the key difference between Formal and Informal essays?

• Post author: Rajveer
• Post last modified: March 12, 2023
• Reading time: 7 mins read

If you are on this page then I think you must have heard about these terms formal essay and informal essay. Basically, these are the two categories to differentiate in the essay. Whenever you are writing an essay, it will probably fall into one of these categories.

Essay writing is not a difficult task but when we talk about the difference between formal and informal essays then some beginners get confused with these two different types of essays. This article is specially written for those people who want to understand the difference between formal and informal essays.

If you are also wondering about the difference between formal and informal essays then you must read this article.

Formal Essays

Informal essays, 1. purpose of writing, 2. writing tone, 3. writing language, 4. writing characteristics, 5. structure of writing, 6. evidence for facts and data, final words on the difference between formal and informal essay, what is the difference between formal and informal essays.

A formal essay is one of the writing styles and categories in essay writing. A formal essay is written using a well-organized structure, vocabulary and punctuation. A formal essay is conducted with a formal tone and writing style and is more focused on giving readers a valuable perspective or solution.

A formal essay follows an academic and professional writing style. A formal essay does not contain informational words and the personal experience of the writer.

Informal essays tend to be more personal messages and conversations. Informal essays do not follow an academic and professional writing style and may include humorous words and personal opinions.

Writing an informal essay doesn’t require much topic research and grammar knowledge because it is more about just writing personal opinions.

Formal vs Informal Essays: The Key Differences You Need to Know

Both formal and informal essays are different categories of essay writing and they have some major differences. Below I have tried to write down some of the key points for the difference between formal and informal essays.

The purpose of formal essay writing is to present solutions and information for a specific topic. A formal essay includes a well-organized structure to represent logical arguments and thoughts.

Whereas an informal essay is a matter of expressing personal views and opinions on a specific topic.

The writing style and tone of both formal and informal essays are different. A formal essay is written in a professional manner. It excludes informal words and personal thoughts and focuses more on academic and professional writing.

Whereas an informal essay is more like a conversational message and may include some humorous words, and personal opinions.

A formal essay is written in formal language. It does not include personal expression or personal tone. While an informal essay may include informal language and words and personal thoughts and expressions.

Formal essay writing always includes only third-person pronouns. Some of the third-person pronouns are he, him, himself, she, her, herself, etc. While an informal essay mostly uses first personal pronouns. Some of the first-person pronouns are I, Me, My, We, Our, etc.

A formal essay follows an organized structure and focuses on easy navigation for readers to understand and connect with each paragraph. It includes typical academic content writing sections such as the introduction, main body and conclusion.

Informal essays, on the other hand, do not follow any structure. It can be flexible and the structure can vary from writer to writer. It is only focused on representing the idea and experience.

Formal essays usually require evidence for the statements, research, or data shown in the essay. Evidence and proof are not required in informal essays but sometimes you may need some proof to support your statement or idea.

Also Read: Guide for writing an essay fast and quickly

I hope the above key points helped you understand the difference between formal and informal essays. These are some key checks that you can use to identify whether an essay is formal or informal. Let me know if you still have any confusion

FAQ: Difference between Formal and Informal essay

Formal essays are written in a professional manner using good grammar, research, and evidence while informal essays are more like a conversational message.

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Formal and Informal Writing Styles

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Writing style is how a writer expresses themselves. It includes spelling, grammar and punctuation, as well as aspects like sentence length and word choice. Style may vary with the type or purpose of writing. For example, you may come across academic writing , journalistic writing and business writing , all of which have different purposes and characteristics. Style may also vary with period (age) and nationality.

However, all styles of writing can be described as either formal or informal.

This page covers the key aspects of formal and informal writing styles, to enable you to distinguish between the two, and use them appropriately.

Understanding Formal and Informal Styles

What do we mean by ‘formal’ and ‘informal’?

Some definitions

formal , adj . stiffly polite rather than relaxed and friendly; said of language: strictly correct with regard to grammar, style and choice of words, as distinct from conversational

informal , adj. without ceremony or formality; relaxed and friendly; said of language, clothes, etc: suitable for and used in relaxed, everyday situations.

Source: Chambers 21st Century Dictionary, online edition.

Informal language and writing, then, is suitable for use every day .

It is, effectively, how we speak and write to our friends and families. It will include slang and colloquialisms (defined as phrases that are used in informal but not formal language). The recipient may tolerate some spelling and grammar mistakes.

We are therefore likely to use an informal writing style when composing emails and letters to friends and family. Blogs and other online copy are also often written in a more informal, conversational style.

Formal writing needs much more care.

It is the style of writing used for business and other official purposes. It needs to be correct in terms of grammar, spelling, punctuation and usage.

A more formal style may also be appropriate for some letters, for example, if you are making a complaint to an organisation.

You may find our page on Writing Styles helpful. This is part of our study skills section, and summarises the main styles of writing that a student may encounter during their studies.

Characteristics of Formal and Informal Writing

When you look at a piece of writing, it is possible to distinguish whether it is written in a formal or informal style from several different aspects.

The main characteristics of an informal writing style are:

Colloquial language and terms. Informal writing is similar to a spoken conversation. It may therefore include slang, figures of speech, broken syntax, or asides.

A personal tone as if you were speaking directly to your audience (readers). Informal writing is often very conversational in style. The writer often uses the first person (I and we), and will also address the reader directly using the second person (you and your).

A simple structure and approach. As in conversation, both sentences and paragraphs tend to be shorter in informal writing. This is especially true in writing for the internet. Writers may also use incomplete sentences or ellipses (…) to make points.

Contractions and abbreviations within the text. Just as in speech, words may be shortened or abbreviated in informal writing. You will therefore see contractions (for example, I’m, doesn’t, couldn’t, it’s) and abbreviations (e.g. TV, photos) used much more in this form of writing.

Empathy and emotion. In informal writing, a writer will often show more empathy towards the reader. They may, for example, explain a more complex thought more clearly. This is linked to the more personal style in informal writing, which is more suited to conveying emotions.

The main characteristics of a formal writing style are:

A more complex structure. Formal writing often uses longer sentences. However, this is changing slightly with a growing understanding that clarity is important. In formal writing, you will also see a more structured approach generally, with points clearly introduced, explained and concluded. Formal pieces of writing are often carefully planned, revised and reviewed several times to ensure that they are as clear as possible, and make all the necessary points.

Complex should not mean incomprehensible

Some people equate formal writing with the use of longer words and complex sentence structures.

It is true that formal writing can be like that. However, this is neither essential nor desirable .

Any writing needs to convey your point to the reader as clearly as possible.

Using simpler language and sentence structures is usually a better way to do this. Long words do not make you sound cleverer, especially if you use them incorrectly.

See our page on Using Plain English for more about this.

An objective approach. In formal writing, the writer uses a more objective approach. Main points are usually stated and then supported with arguments. Formal writing is less likely to be emotional in style. It therefore avoids emotive punctuation such as exclamation points or ellipsis, unless they are being cited from another source.

Use of full words rather than contractions. As a general rule, no contractions should be used to simplify words in formal writing. Abbreviations should generally be spelt out in full when first used. There are a few exceptions to this rule, for example, when the acronym is better known than the full name (BBC, ITV or NATO for example) or where it has become part of the language (for example, AIDS).

Writing in the third person. Formal writing is not a personal writing style. The writer often aims to sound dispassionate about the topic. It is usually not appropriate to use the first person (I or we) or second person (you). However, there are some exceptions to this (see box).

First or third person in academic writing?

In academic writing, it was traditional to use the third person and the passive voice. For example:

“The authors are not aware of any other studies that have used this approach.”

“The reagents were added together carefully to avoid any cross-contamination.”

However, this type of language is quite hard to read. Many academic journals therefore now encourage the use of the active voice, and the first person, but within a style that is considered formal.

Examples of this use of language are:

“As far as we are aware, no other studies have used this method.”

“In total, we enrolled 65 people onto the study over a period of six months. They completed the initial questionnaire during April 2021.”

When to Use Formal and Informal Writing

A formal writing style is not necessarily “better” or “worse” than an informal approach.

There is a time and a place for both. They have very different purposes. You should therefore take care to choose the most appropriate style to use. There are several factors that may affect your choice.

Two of the key factors dictating the choice of a formal or informal writing style are your audience and your medium.

You may therefore find it helpful to read our pages Know your Audience and Know Your Medium .

In general, writing for professional or work purposes is likely to require a formal style. However, you may be able to use a more informal style if you are writing to someone you know in person.

Emails also tend to use a less formal style than paper-based communications. However, this is changing slightly as more organisations use emails for all communications. You should therefore avoid the use of “text talk” or too much informality.

There is more about this in our page on Good Email Etiquette .

If in doubt as to how formal your writing should be, it is usually better to err on the side of caution.

Almost nobody is offended by too much formality. However, it is certainly possible to offend by being too informal in your approach.

Continue to: Know Your Audience Common Mistakes in Writing

See also: Active and Passive Voice Creative Writing How to Write a Report

Tips for Online Students , Tips for Students

Formal vs. Informal: Best Writing Practices

Updated: August 7, 2023

Published: April 5, 2020

Langston Hughes once said, “The prerequisite for writing is having something to say.” But you are probably aware that there are many different styles of writing — and it pays to know which to use situationally. When it comes to formal vs informal writing styles, there is a time and place for each. By understanding their nuances and respective best practices, you can continue to improve your writing.

We will break all of this down and more, with examples. This can serve as a useful guide on formal vs informal writing for you throughout your educational journey (and beyond).

Defining Formal vs Informal Writing Styles

Formal writing is written for an audience you do not know on a personal level. It is often the main style in academic writing (unless otherwise noted) and is more complex than informal writing. Formal writing is serious.

Informal writing consists of short sentences and is used in more personal settings, such as writing a letter to a friend or writing a diary entry. It is much more relaxed than formal writing.

Photo by  Annie Spratt  on  Unsplash

Which style is appropriate.

Knowing the difference between formal and informal writing is only half the battle. The other important aspect is knowing which to use. Here are some examples of when you would use formal vs informal writing.

Use Formal Writing When:

• Writing professionally (reaching out to a client or prospect)
• Academic writings (essays, research papers, etc.)
• Job applications ( resume writing , CVs, and cover letters)
• Reaching out to someone you do not know

Use Informal Writing When:

• Writing to a friend
• Sharing a story or writing a personal blog
• Writing creatively
• Instructed to do so (if in school)
• Writing dialogue and conversations
• Writing an outline

If you are unsure of whether to use informal or formal writing, it’s generally the rule of thumb to start out writing formally. Then, when you make the connection and you see how the other side responds, you can ease up on the formality.

Key Features of Formal vs. Informal Writing

While the above gives a simple overview of the differences and uses of each style, let’s take a deeper look into what each style entails. That way, it should become more obvious how to recognize and structure each.

Formal writing tends to include the following:

• Long and complex sentences: Sentences tend to be compound and contain commas to link two ideas or use transitions like “Furthermore” and “To exemplify,”
• Does not use contractions: Would use “cannot” instead of “can’t”
• Objective: Does not offer personal opinions
• Doesn’t use colloquial language: You won’t see any slang or common everyday vocabulary
• Diverse vocabulary words: Vocabulary is of a higher level
• Use of words that are subject-specific: For example, if you are writing about biology, you’d use words like “epithelial cells” instead of “skin cells”
• Use of third person: Does not use first person pronouns like “I” or “me”

Informal writing includes the following:

• Can use first person, second or third: You can use any type of pronouns, including “I”
• Can use slang: The use of everyday language and slang terms can be used, such as “It was cool that…”
• Active voice: Sentences tend to be written with a subject acting on the verb, such as “We chilled the drinks and went out to the sea” instead of “The drinks were chilled…”
• Personal emotional tone can be detected: Since the writing is personal, it can include feelings and the sharing of emotions
• Contraction and abbreviation: It’s okay to use “can’t” instead of “cannot” or “it’s” instead of “it is”
• Empathy: You can put yourself in the shoes of your audience and address their problems directly. This shows the author as coming from a place of understanding their situation.

Formal vs Informal Writing Comparison Guide

Additional Considerations

There are a few more things to take into account when starting out on any writing endeavor. These include the following 3 questions:

• “Who is my audience?” – This is the first question you should ask when writing anything. You want to write to your audience, so you have to define them.
• “How formal is the project I’m working on?” – This goes hand-in-hand with the audience and the project goals. However, knowing the level of formality will help you write accordingly.
• “What medium should I use?” – For both informal and formal writing, you can produce the piece digitally or by hand. If it is for academic purposes and on the job, you’ll want to type your work. But, if you choose to write a formal letter by hand (such as a thank-you letter after a job interview), then it is advised to write on thicker card stock paper to look more professional. Remember, presentation is everything when it comes to formal work!

Here’s an Example!

Along with this list of references , here is a (meta) example on how this article would be written both formally and informally:

• Formal: When writing academically or professionally, it is important to show respect to your audience by electing to write in a formal style, rather than informally. This means that sentences are longer than usual and tend to feel complex. Writing complex sentences with hyperfluent vocabulary shows your audience that you are well-informed on the subject matter. Furthermore, this writing style depicts unbiased information eluding emotions and first-person pronouns from the content.
• Informal: Formal writing feels harder than informal writing. I think it’s because I can’t use contractions or short sentences. The only reason I’d write informally is if I had to, like if it was professional or academic. But when I write like this about formal writing, it’s easier. My vocabulary doesn’t matter as much. As you can see, I still care about grammar. Writing like this feels like I am talking to a friend.

Photo by  Glenn Carstens-Peters  on  Unsplash

Tying it all together.

There are many differences between formal vs. informal writing. That being said, they both serve their respective purposes. That’s why it’s important to understand both styles, as well as when to use them.

When writing professionally or academically, opt for formal writing. Remember to leave out contractions and remain unbiased.

On the other hand, informal writing comes from within. It’s aimed towards a personal audience, so you can write as if you are speaking to them. That way, you can use contractions, shorter sentences, colloquialism, and the like.

Regardless of why you are writing, always be sure to reread your work to check for typos and mistakes. The most important thing for writing is having something to say, but it’s also making sure that what you say can be understood!

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Definition and Examples of Formal Essays

Glossary of Grammatical and Rhetorical Terms

• An Introduction to Punctuation
• Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia
• M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester
• B.A., English, State University of New York

In composition studies , a formal essay is a short, relatively impersonal composition in prose . Also known as an impersonal essay or a Baconian essay (after the writings of England's first major essayist , Francis Bacon ).

In contrast to the familiar or personal essay , the formal essay is typically used for the discussion of ideas. Its rhetorical purpose is generally to inform or persuade.

"The technique of the formal essay," says William Harmon, "is now practically identical with that of all factual or theoretical prose in which literary effect is secondary" ( A Handbook to Literature , 2011).

Examples and Observations

• "' Formal' essays were introduced in England by [Francis] Bacon , who adopted Montaigne's term. Here the style is objective, compressed, aphoristic , wholly serious. . . . In modern times, the formal essay has become more diversified in subject matter, style , and length until it is better known by such names as article , dissertation, or thesis, and factual presentation rather than style or literary effect has become the basic aim." (L. H. Hornstein, G. D. Percy, and C. S. Brown, The Reader's Companion to World Literature , 2nd ed. Signet, 2002)
• A Blurred Distinction Between Formal Essays and Informal Essays "Francis Bacon and his followers had a more impersonal, magisterial, law-giving, and didactic manner than the skeptical Montaigne. But they should not be viewed as opposites; the distinction between formal and informal essay can be overdone, and most great essayists have crossed the line frequently. The difference is one of degree. [William] Hazlitt was essentially a personal essayist , though he wrote theater and art criticism; Matthew Arnold and John Ruskin were essentially formal essayists , though they may have tried a personal essay once in a while. Personality creeps into the most impersonal of writers: it is difficult to read Bacon on friendship or having children , for instance, without suspecting he is talking about autobiographical matters. Dr. Johnson was probably more a moral essayist than a personal one, though his work has such an individual, idiosyncratic stamp that I have persuaded myself to place him in the personal camp. George Orwell seems split fifty-fifty, an essay hermaphrodite who always kept one eye on the subjective and one on the political. . . . "The Victorian era saw a turn toward the formal essay , the so-called essay of ideas written by [Thomas] Carlyle, Ruskin, [Matthew] Arnold, Macaulay, Pater. Between Lamb and Beerbohm there was scarcely an English personal essay, with the exception of those by Robert Louis Stevenson and Thomas De Quincey . . . ." (Phillip Lopate, Introduction to The Art of the Personal Essay . Anchor, 1994)
• Voice in the Impersonal Essay "[E]ven when 'I' plays no part in the language of an essay, a firm sense of personality can warm the voice of the impersonal essay narrator . When we read Dr. [Samuel] Johnson and Edmund Wilson and Lionel Trilling , for instance, we feel that we know them as fully developed characters in their own essays, regardless of their not referring personally to themselves." (Phillip Lopate, "Writing Personal Essays: On the Necessity of Turning Oneself Into a Character." Writing Creative Nonfiction , ed. by Carolyn Forché and Philip Gerard. Writer's Digest Books, 2001)
• Crafting the Impersonal "I" "Unlike the exploratory 'self' of Montaigne, Francis Bacon's impersonal 'I' appears already to have arrived. Even in the comparatively expansive third edition of the Essays , Bacon provides few explicit hints as to either the character of the textual voice or the role of the expected reader. . . . [T]he absence of a felt 'self' on the page is a deliberate rhetorical effect: the effort to efface voice in the 'impersonal' essay is a way of evoking a distant but authoritative persona . . . . In the formal essay , invisibility must be forged." (Richard Nordquist, "Voices of the Modern Essay." University of Georgia, 1991)
• What Are the Different Types and Characteristics of Essays?
• What is a Familiar Essay in Composition?
• Characteristics of a Formal Prose Style
• The Essay: History and Definition
• What Is a Personal Essay (Personal Statement)?
• What Does "Persona" Mean?
• An Introduction to Literary Nonfiction
• A Look at the Roles Characters Play in Literature
• What Is Tone In Writing?
• Plain Style in Prose
• Periodical Essay Definition and Examples
• What Is Colloquial Style or Language?
• Figures of Speech: The Apostrophe as a Literary Device
• Definition and Examples of Humorous Essays

Differences between informal and formal writing styles

Understanding the differences between informal and formal writing styles is essential for effective communication. Each style has its place, and knowing when to use one over the other can greatly influence the impact of your message. Here’s a breakdown of the key differences:

1. Purpose and Context

• Used in personal or familiar settings.
• Aims to build a connection or express personal opinions.
• Common in professional, academic, or official settings.
• Intended to inform, instruct, or provide clear explanations without personal bias.

2. Tone and Structure

• Conversational tone.
• May use colloquialisms, idioms, or regional dialects.
• Sentences can be shorter and more fragmented.
• Neutral or objective tone.
• Avoids slang and colloquial language.
• Sentences are often more structured and complex.

3. Vocabulary and Language

• Uses contractions (e.g., “can’t,” “won’t”).
• May include phrasal verbs (e.g., “check out,” “give up”).
• Avoids contractions in favor of full forms (e.g., “cannot,” “will not”).
• Prefers Latinate verbs (e.g., “investigate” instead of “look into”).

4. Use of Pronouns

• Frequent use of first-person pronouns (“I,” “we”).
• Might address the reader directly using second-person pronouns (“you”).
• Minimizes the use of first-person pronouns.
• Often employs passive voice to remove the subject from the sentence.

5. References and Citations

• Might refer to sources casually or anecdotally.
• Less strict about providing exact references.
• Requires accurate and specific citations for any referenced work.
• Often follows a specific citation style (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago).

6. Conclusions and Sign-offs

• May end abruptly or with a personal sign-off.
• Uses casual closing remarks in letters or emails (e.g., “Cheers,” “Talk soon”).
• Conclusions are well-defined, summarizing the content or providing a final statement.
• Uses professional closing remarks in letters or emails (e.g., “Sincerely,” “Regards”).

7. Flexibility vs. Consistency

• Offers more flexibility in structure and expression.
• Allows for personal anecdotes and emotions.
• Requires consistency in tone, structure, and terminology.
• Avoids emotional language, focusing on facts and logic.

In essence, while informal writing feels more personal and relaxed, formal writing prioritizes clarity, precision, and professionalism. Recognizing the demands of your audience and the context in which you’re writing will help you choose the appropriate style.

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Formal Vs. Informal Writing

What marks “formal” writing? Complicated sentences? Big words? Many people think so, thus they try to write this way. Unfortunately, the result can sometimes look like this:

• After procurement actions, decontainerize inputs. Perform measurement tasks on a case-by-case basis. In a mixing-type bowl, impact heavily on brown sugar, granulated sugar, softened butter, and shortening. Coordinate the interface of eggs and vanilla, avoiding an overrun scenario to the best of your skills and abilities.
• At this point in time, leverage flour, baking soda, and salt into a bowl and aggregate. Equalize with prior mixture and develop intense and continuous liaison among inputs until well-coordinated. Associate key chocolate and nut subsystems and execute stirring operations.
• Within this time frame, take action to prepare the heating environment for throughput by manually setting the baking unit (by hand) to a temperature of 375 degrees =F8F (190 degrees C). Drop mixture, in an ongoing fashion, from a teaspoon-type instrument onto an ungreased cookie sheet at intervals sufficient enough apart to permit total and permanent separation of throughputs to the maximum extent practicable under operating conditions.
• Position cookie sheet in bake situation and survey for 8 to 10 minutes or until cooking action terminates. Initiate coordination of outputs within the cooling rack function. Containerize, wrap in red tape, and disseminate to authorized staff personnel in a timely and expeditious basis.

Is this formal writing?

No, there are many problems with it:

• It is not written to its audience. A chocolate chip cookie recipe should not read like a congressional bill (one might argue that a congressional bill should not read this way either).
• The tone is completely wrong for the task.
• It is not clear, simple, or direct, meaning it misses three of the most important components of good writing. The funny thing is that a lot of people think that to sound intelligent or professional, you have to write this way. While the unknown author of this recipe was clearly trying to make a clever point about formal versus informal writing, the point is clear: All writing, both formal and informal, needs to be clear, simple, and direct.

The difference between formal and informal writing is not that the former is confusing and uses big words (as the cookie recipe above did), but that formal writing follows a list of conventions or rules that generally include the following:

Avoid contractions.

Do not contract words like “don’t” (instead of “do not”) or “they’re” (instead of “they are”). Write them out in their full forms (“will not” for “won’t”).

Avoid slang and swear words.

Do not swear, cuss, or use words so new that only your friends know what they mean. Write “the men in the study ate faster than the women” not “the dudes really snarfed on their grub; the babes had no chance.”

Avoid first-person pronouns.

In general, avoid first (I, me, my, mine, we, us, our) and second (you, your) pronouns. This rule has a firm logical grounding:

• First person pronouns (I, me, my, mine) should be used only to relate personal experiences and opinions. For example, if you are writing a paper about minimum wage and whether or not it is enough for people to live on, and you earn minimum wage, you have some relevant personal experience to contribute. In many research papers, however, there is not a place for personal experience, and so in these types of papers, the first person should not be used.
• In addition, first person pops up a lot in phrases like “I think,” “I believe,” and “in my opinion.” Ninety-nine percent of the time, these phrases can be deleted. They are redundant because you are the author, and your paper is based on your own opinion. You do not have to state the obvious.
• “We” does not work very well in formal writing either. Some authors like it because it can form a bond between the writer and the audience, as in “we are in this together.” Unfortunately, this can easily backfire. People do not like to be told what they feel or think. Using “we” assumes that everyone has the same view, which can alienate an audience, even one that agrees with the author.

Avoid second-person pronouns.

“You” should also not be used in formal writing. Imagine you are reading a paper about stepparenting. You are not a stepparent yourself, but the topic is interesting. Every paragraph or so, the author writes a sentence like, “You want to discipline your stepchild, but you are not sure if that is your role.” Because the paper is written to a more general audience who are not all stepparents, this type of writing can be strange.

Every time you, as the reader, read “you,” you have to pause and think “not me.” If the paper was written for stepparents and no one else, this might be acceptable, but it is still something that should be avoided. Reserve “you” for when it really can encompass everyone (and that is a rare thing).

What determines whether your writing is informal or formal is

• the type of writing it is (letter, report, email, memo, brief), and
• the intended audience is (friend, boss, family member, review board, judge).

An email to a friend may be informal, while an email to a prospective employer is likely to be very formal, as formal as a professional business letter.

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Microsoft 365 Life Hacks > Writing > The difference between formal and informal language

The difference between formal and informal language

When you’re beginning a new writing project or assignment, it helps to know your audience. If you’re among friends, peers, or loved ones, you can use slang and break the rules. And by comparison, formal language is less personal or humorous. There is less slang to be found in formal writing, and the sentence structure more closely follows grammatical rules.

Learn the key elements that define formal vs. informal language, and see how either form applies.

What tone should I strike with my audience?

Academic papers, news reports, and five-paragraph essays are commonly written with formal language. It is used when you are less familiar with your audience: your readers may be in your same field or industry, but they may not know you on a personal level. If you are applying to an academic program or writing a cover letter, you’re using formal language to appeal yourself to the world of higher education or business.

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By contrast, many blog posts, newsletters, and forms of persuasive essays use informal language. Anytime you’re writing to friends and loved ones will usually lean into informal language: this can encompass emails, text messages, social media, journaling , or snippets of everyday conversation. Telling a story can rely on informal language, as it relies heavily on the use of personal pronouns. And many types of essays also rely on less formal language, though still within certain grammatical confines: it all relies on knowing who might be your readers.

Examples of formal language

• Formal language uses proper grammar . Since it incorporates grammatical rules, the sentence, “Do you have a lighter?” is more formal than, “Got a light?”
• Formal language relies on a different set of vocabulary . “The comptroller passed the budget” instead of, “The comptroller ok’d the budget” is a difference between passed or ok’d.
• Politeness also goes a long way when speaking and writing formally. “Excuse me, could you please tell me where the library is?” is more formal than merely saying, “Where’s the library?”
• Formal language also spells out abbreviations , because it assumes that your audience won’t immediately know what an abbreviation is. Spelling out MTA (Metropolitan Transportation Authority) the first time it is used is frequently found in formal writing.

Examples of informal language

• Contractions are a prime example of informal language. “I can’t do that” is an example of informal language, while “I am unable to complete that task” is formal language.
• The use of slang is a major indicator of informal language. If you’re watching a sports game and you’re excited to text your friend about a great play, you might say: “That goal was sick!” But if you’re writing a postgame report for a newspaper, you would use more formal language: “Near the end of the second quarter, the Blues scored an incredible goal with 35 seconds to go.”
• Lastly, inserting pronouns can be considered informal language. Many nonfiction pieces insert the reporter into the story, but an academic paper would use a more neutral tone: “I witnessed the Democrats take the House during the 2012 election” is an example of informal language, while “In 2012 the Democratic party secured a victory in the House of Representatives” is much more formal, as there is no interjection from the observer within the text.

No matter what audience you’re writing for, it helps to know the grammatical differences that separate formal and informal language—which can lead to distinctions between voices , adjectives , and homophones . Check out Microsoft 365 and hone your language to sharper writing.

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The writing in text messages and scholarly articles is different. There’s no denying it.  

Several features in each make them drastically different, such as the content. But one of the main differences is the tone of the writing.    

In simple terms, tone refers to the attitude of writing. Some examples of tone are optimistic, sincere, and regretful. There are many more, but two of the most important – in my opinion – are informal and formal.   

Formal Writing  

Think of formal writing as the serious one; the tone you use with people you aren’t close to, your seniors and people whom you want to show respect to, such as your boss, a professor, or a potential employer. This is also the tone you use in academic writing.  

This style of writing requires properly formulated sentences with no slang or colloquialisms. Instead, it calls for more elevated language. This doesn’t mean using words you don’t know the definition of, but rather choosing more specific and complex words.   

For instance, if I were writing an email to my boss apologizing for something, I wouldn’t write “Sorry.” I would write, “My apologies.”   

Or if I was writing a research paper about discrimination, I wouldn't write, "Marginalized communities have historically put up with discrimination." Instead, I would write, "Marginalized communities have historically endured discrimination."  

Writing formally also requires proper grammar. Although this might be a no-brainer, some forget to double-check their writing before sending or submitting it. As tempting as this is, our writing greatly influences others’ impressions of us, especially when we’ve never met. So, use punctuation marks where needed and avoid spelling mistakes.   

Formal writing is impersonal. So first-person pronouns (I, we, us) are a no-go. It’s best to use third-person pronouns (they). You should also avoid emotional language. Instead, try to be as objective as possible.  

On a smaller scale, but just as important, avoid using contractions when writing formally. Instead of “can’t” or “they’re,” write “cannot” and “they are.”   

Informal Writing  

Think of informal writing as the more relaxed one; the one you use with people you know and are more comfortable with, such as your family and friends. This type of writing might come easier to most as it resembles the way we speak more closely.  

When writing informally, you can use slang and colloquialisms. Throw a “y’all” in there if your heart desires. Also, there’s no need for using complex words.  

Unlike informal writing, this style is more personal, so it allows you to express your feelings. Don’t be afraid to express your anger, sadness, or happiness. You can also use first- or second-person (you) pronouns.   

This style also allows you to use contractions and abbreviations. Also, you can avoid some grammar rules. For example, using “who” instead of “whom” even when the latter is needed. At the end of the day, you are sending this to someone you’re comfortable with. They won’t judge you… right?  

Hopefully, this helps you better address and reach your audiences more effectively.   

Remember, mastering this takes practice, so don’t stress out if you still don’t have this down perfectly. If you need more help, don’t hesitate to come visit us at the Writing Center.   

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Understanding Formal vs. Informal Language: A Comprehensive Guide

English is a flexible language that allows us to communicate across different contexts. Whether speaking with friends, writing an academic paper, or giving a professional presentation, the level of formality used can vastly change the meaning and impact. Understanding when to use formal versus informal English and switching between the two is a key communication skill.

This comprehensive guide will examine the key differences between formal and informal English, provide examples of each, discuss when to use them, and give tips for navigating between the two registers smoothly. With the information provided here, you will be able to confidently adapt your communication style to fit any situation.

What is Formal English?

Formal English is used in professional, academic, or official settings. It is characterized by its adherence to grammatical rules, precise vocabulary, and structured tone. Formal language is commonly employed in professional correspondence, academic papers, and business communication. It has a serious tone and demonstrates respect for the audience. Some key characteristics include:

• Complete sentences and proper grammar
• Advanced vocabulary and longer words
• Lack of slang, idioms, contractions
• Objective and precise language
• Third person perspective rather than first person.

For example, in a formal email to a potential employer, one would use phrases like "Dear Mr. Smith" and "Sincerely yours," maintaining a respectful and professional tone.

In academic writing, phrases like "Furthermore," "In addition," and "Moreover" are commonly used to link ideas and provide logical transitions between points. 

Similarly, in legal documents, formal language is crucial for precision and clarity. Terms like "hereinafter," "notwithstanding," and "heretofore" are used to establish legal relationships and define specific rights and obligations. 

What is Informal English?

In contrast, informal English is used in casual, spontaneous, and friendly conversations. It has a more relaxed, conversational tone. Informal language often includes colloquial expressions or slang. It fosters a sense of familiarity and closeness between individuals. 

Some informal English features include:

• Incomplete sentences and fragmented phrases
• Simplified grammar and structure
• Slang, idioms, phrasal verbs
• Contractions like isn’t, don’t, haven’t, they’re
• First and second person perspectives
• Opinions rather than facts
• Repetition of words or phrases for emphasis.

Among friends, one might say, "Hey, what's up?" instead of the more formal "How are you?".

In formal English we would say: "The research methodology requires modification in order to achieve more accurate results." In informal English we would say: "We gotta change how we're doing the research to get better results."

When to Use Formal English

The level of formality used depends greatly on the situation, audience, and purpose of communication. Using formal language conveys professionalism, respect, and seriousness.

Formal English is most appropriate for:

• When communicating with someone you don't know well
• When addressing superiors or authority figures
• Official communications like cover letters, resumes, presentations
• Job interviews and business meetings
• Academic writing such as research papers, essays, dissertations
• Official documents like contracts, application forms, letters to authority figures
• Diplomatic protocol
• Legal documents
• Speaking in professional or academic settings
• Writing for a general audience.

When to Use Informal English

Informal language facilitates casual interactions and fosters a sense of camaraderie among peers. It allows for spontaneity and authenticity in communication, creating a relaxed atmosphere. For example, during a lunch break with colleagues, one might say, "Let's grab a bite to eat," using informal language to suggest a casual outing.

Informal English works best for:

• Informal meetings and social gatherings 
• Casual conversations with friends, family, peers
• Personal communications like text messages, emails, social media
• Creative writing such as poetry, fiction, lyrics
• When it is appropriate - in advertising and marketing
• Speaking to children or in relaxed social situations
• Writing for a familiar audience
• On social media.

For example, a job interview calls for formal English but chatting with co-workers around the office can be informal. 

The language used when publishing an academic paper would be much more formal than writing in a personal journal.

Examples of Formal vs. Informal

Let’s look at some examples to see the key differences between formal and informal style:

Examples of formal language: "I apologize for the inconvenience caused."

Examples of informal language: “Sorry about that.”

Formal: "Could you please provide me with further information?"

Informal: “Can you tell me more about it?”

Formal: "The company is experiencing a decline in revenue."

Informal: “The company's not making as much money as before.”

Formal: "It is essential to complete the project by the deadline."

Informal: “We need to finish the project on time.”

Formal: "I am interested in learning more about the job opportunity."

Informal: “I wanna know more about the job.”

Formal: "The meeting has been rescheduled to next Monday."

Informal: “We're meeting next Monday instead.”

Formal: "We need to address the issue as soon as possible."

Informal: “Let's deal with the problem ASAP.”

Formal: "I am writing to inquire about the status of my application."

Informal: “Just checking on my application. Any updates?”

Formal: "It is imperative that we adhere to company policies."

Informal: “We gotta follow the rules.”

Formal: "Please find attached the requested documents."

Informal: “I've sent the stuff you asked for.”

As you can see, formal English relies on sophisticated vocabulary, full sentences, and an objective tone. 

Informal English uses more casual language, contractions, idioms, and a conversational style.

Formal & Informal Verbs 

Verbs are an important part of speech that can shift in formality. In formal English, verbs are properly conjugated and tense is used precisely. In informal English, verbs may be truncated or conjugated loosely. Moreover, formal English relies on verbs like utilize, facilitate, elucidate, while informal English uses simpler verbs like use, help, explain. Choosing verbs carefully is key for controlling formality level.

Examples of informal language: "Let's go grab lunch."

Examples of formal language: “We should proceed to have lunch.”

Informal: "I gotta finish this by tomorrow."

Formal: “I must complete this by tomorrow.”

Informal: "She's gonna call you back later."

Formal: “She will contact you at a later time.”

Informal: "He's been seeing a therapist."

Formal: “He has been consulting with a therapist.”

Informal: "We're heading out soon."

Formal: "We are departing shortly."

Formal & Informal Abbreviations 

Abbreviations are generally more common in informal English. Contractions like shouldn’t, don’t, or can’t are acceptable in moderation in informal contexts, but should be avoided in formal writing. For example:

Examples of informal language: "I don’t think we should go."

Examples of formal language: “I do not think we should go.”

Other informal abbreviations like kinda, gonna, gotta would be out of place in formal communication. For instance:

Informal: "I’m kinda tired."

Formal: “I am somewhat fatigued.”

Acronyms like ASAP or BTW are casual ways to shorten information that would be written out fully in formal English, such as “as soon as possible” and “by the way.”

Informal: "BTW, I'll be there in 10."

Formal: “By the way, I will arrive there in ten minutes.”

Informal: "ASAP, please."

Formal: “As soon as possible, if you would.”

Informal: "FYI, the meeting's been rescheduled."

Formal: “For your information, the meeting has been rescheduled.”

Informal: "IDK if I can make it."

Formal: “I don't know if I will be able to attend.”

Informal: "LOL, that's hilarious!"

Formal: “That is amusing.”

However, abbreviations like e.g. (stands for "exempli gratia," which means "for example") and i.e. (stands for "id est," which means "that is") are conventions accepted even in formal writing. 

Knowing which abbreviations align with the register being used is important.

Formal & Informal Slang

Slang should be predominantly confined to informal communication, where it adds color and informality. Slang terms like cool, dude, easy peasy, cringe, or yikes would not be appropriate for a professional context. Other very casual slang like wanna, gotta, or gimme have no place in formal communication. 

However, slang can be used judiciously in some informal business contexts, marketing, or advertising to convey authenticity. In formal academic writing, slang would generally detract from the scholarly tone, unless being analyzed or intentionally used in quotes or dialogue. Being able to recognize slang as too informal for most professional and academic purposes is a key linguistic skill.

Examples of informal language: "That's lit!"

Examples of formal language: “That is impressive.”

Informal: "She's a total boss."

Formal: “She is highly competent.”

Informal: "I'm gonna bail on the party."

Formal: “I will not attend the party.”

Informal: "This place is a dump."

Formal: “This location is in poor condition.”

Informal: "He's such a slacker."

Formal: "He lacks motivation."

Formal & Informal Emphasis Words

Words used for emphasis also differ between registers. In formal English, words like notably, significantly, substantially might be used to stress key information. For example, “The new policy will substantially improve employee retention.” 

In informal English, words like so, really, super, and totally can emphasize points instead. For instance, “This pizza is so amazing!” Likewise, informal emphasis words like absolutely, obviously, and literally are frequently overused in casual conversation, while formal English relies more on logic and facts for impact. Knowing when to temper emphasis is important for appropriate formality.

Examples of informal language: "She's really talented."

Examples of formal language: “She is exceptionally talented.”

Informal: "That's so cool!"

Formal: “That is quite impressive.”

Informal: "He's incredibly smart."

Formal: “He is highly intelligent.”

Informal: "This is super important."

Formal: “This is of utmost importance.”

Informal: "It's really fun."

Formal: "It is quite enjoyable."

Formal & Informal Transitions

Formal English utilizes transitional words and phrases to create structured, logical connections between ideas. Common formal transitions include: therefore, consequently, as a result, in conclusion, etc. Academic writing also relies heavily on transitions like: however, furthermore, additionally, in contrast. 

In informal English, transitions tend to be more direct and conversational. For instance: then, next, after, also, well, anyhow, anyway, so, and then. While all languages benefit from transitions, formal English requires more sophisticated and precise transitions to develop academic arguments or professional narratives.

Examples of informal language: "Anyway, let's move on."

Examples of formal language: “In any case, let us proceed.”

Informal: "But hey, that's life."

Formal: “However, such is life.”

Informal: "So, what's the plan?"

Formal: “Therefore, what is the proposed course of action?”

Informal: "And then, she said..."

Formal: “Furthermore, her statement was...”

Informal: "Well, I think..."

Formal: "Indeed, I believe..."

Other Formal and Informal Words

In addition to verbs, abbreviations, slang, and transitions, many other types of words vary in formality.

For example, formal English relies on Latin-derived vocabulary like "utilize" instead of simpler words like "use." Words of French origin like "commence" or "facilitate" are also more formal.

Informal English embraces more casual, colloquial words like "hang out" instead of "socialize." Direct words like "go," "big," or "stop" are more informal than elaborate options like "proceed," "substantial," or “cease.”

Likewise, descriptive words differ in formality. Formal words include "systematic," "adequate," "erroneous," while casual options are "organized," "enough," “wrong.”

Modes of address also change; formal English uses titles like "Doctor," "Professor," "Sir/Ma'am" versus informal choices like "Doc," "Dr. [Surname]," or first names.

In short, formal English adopts sophisticated, precise vocabulary while informal English uses common, everyday words. Considering connotations of formality helps determine word choice.

Here are some more examples:

Formal: Commence, elucidate, aforementioned

Informal: Start, explain, above-mentioned

Formal: Consequently, furthermore, however

Informal: So, also, but

Formal: Purchase, inquire, residence

Informal: Buy, ask, house

Formal: Colleague, companion, physician

Informal: Co-worker, friend, doctor

Formal: Utilize, terminate, approximately

Informal: Use, stop, about

Formal: Huge, tiny, acceptable, amiable, rude

Informal: Enormous, diminutive, okay, friendly, disagreeable.

Tips for Switching Between Formal and Informal

As English learners, mastering the art of navigating between formal and informal language is essential for effective communication. Pay attention to the context and audience when choosing the appropriate register. Practice reading and listening to various forms of English to familiarize yourself with formal and informal expressions. Additionally, seek feedback from native speakers or language instructors to refine your language skills.

Here are some tips for smoothly switching between formal and informal English:

• Identify your audience and purpose first - this determines the appropriate register
• Make formal writing clearer and more direct; avoid unnecessarily complex language
• Use contractions and personal pronouns to add a conversational tone when appropriate
• Gradually introduce idioms and phrasal verbs to add color to informal speech
• Temper opinions and personal perspectives in formal contexts
• Use the third person point-of-view for objectivity
• Proofread to check formality level matches the situation
• Read texts aloud to identify any language that sounds too formal or informal
• Ask others to review to get feedback on your formality level
• Consume quality examples of formal and informal English.

With practice, you will be able to artfully adapt your communication style to connect with any audience in a meaningful way.

Formal & Informal Letter Expressions

The language used in letters and emails can vary greatly between formal and informal contexts. In formal letters and professional correspondence, standard greetings like “Dear Mr./Ms. [Surname]” are used along with formal closings such as “Sincerely” or “Best regards.” 

Informal emails and personal notes use more casual openings like “Hey” or “Hi [First Name]” and sign-offs like “Thanks!” or “Talk soon.”

Likewise, formal expressions of gratitude include “Thank you for your consideration” while informal emails use simpler phrases like “Thanks for helping me out.” 

Making requests also changes with formality, for example, “I would appreciate if you could provide an update at your earliest convenience” versus “Can you give me an update when you get a chance?” 

Formal letters also tend to use longer, complete sentences whereas informal notes often use sentence fragments and brief phrases. Adjusting letter language based on the relationship with the recipient and the purpose of the message is key for conveying respect and formality when needed.

• Formal letter opening:

Dear Mr./Ms. [Last Name],

To whom it may concern,

Dear Sir/Madam,

• Informal letter opening:

Hey [Friend's Name],

Hi [Friend's Name],

Dear [Friend's Name],

• Formal letter closing:

Yours faithfully,

Respectfully,

• Informal letter closing:

Best wishes,

• Formal gratitude expression:

Thank you for taking the time to consider my proposal. I appreciate your assistance.

• Informal gratitude expression:

Thx for the help!

• Formal request:

I would be grateful if you could provide an update on the status of my application at your earliest convenience.

• Informal request:

Can you let me know if you’ve heard anything about my application?

Promova Language Learning Options

Promova offers a wide range of effective English learning options to help improve your language skills. Whether you prefer online group lessons, personalized 1-on-1 tutoring, or learning through our convenient mobile app, Promova has the right tools to help you master English communication for any situation, formal or informal.

Our  online group classes connect you with expert tutors and fellow students in a virtual classroom, allowing you to actively practice conversing in English. These sessions are not only about conversational skills but also cover essential aspects of the language such as grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, listening, and writing.

For those seeking personalized attention, our online English tutors offer  individual, 1-on-1 classes tailored to your skills, goals, and schedule. Whether you want to study business English, prepare for international exams, get ready for travel, or ace a job interview, our teachers are here to help you achieve your objectives.

For self-paced learning on-the-go, our  innovative language learnin app , available for both  Android and  iOS smartphones, offers courses in 10 languages including German, Italian, Spanish, French, Portuguese, Ukrainian, Korean, Arabic, and Chinese.

Promova also provides a  quick placement test to assess your current English level, so we can customize your learning plan.

The key to skilfully using language is understanding when formal or informal English is best suited for the occasion. While informal language serves us well in relaxed, personal environments, formal English gives credibility and respect in professional academic settings.

Learning to identify situational cues, become comfortable code-switching between the two registers, and seeking feedback will enable you to effectively navigate diverse social and rhetorical contexts. Whether drafting an email to your professor or chatting with friends, you will be able to communicate with purpose and intention.

Confidently using both formal and informal language is a valuable skill that demonstrates linguistic dexterity and emotional intelligence. With this comprehensive guide from Promova, you now have the knowledge needed to tailor your communication style to any audience or situation.

Is formal English required for all academic writing?

Generally yes, formal English is expected in academic writing to demonstrate objectivity and respect for the audience. However, exceptions can be made for creative works, dialogues, or quoted passages which intentionally use informal language.

Can I use contractions in formal writing?

Occasional use of contractions can be acceptable in formal writing, depending on the specific context and level of formality required. However, it's important to use them judiciously and consider the overall tone and style of the writing. In more formal settings such as academic papers, professional correspondence, or official documents, contractions are generally avoided to maintain a more serious and precise tone. However, in less formal situations such as certain types of business communication or informal reports, the use of contractions may be more acceptable. Ultimately, it's best to follow any guidelines provided by the specific context or audience.

Is it acceptable to use some informal language in a job interview?

It’s best to maintain formal English when interviewing, as this shows professionalism. After being hired, workplace culture determines how much informality is appropriate with colleagues.

How can I improve my formal writing skills?

Promova offers various learning opportunities to help you enhance your formal writing skills. Our online group classes and personalized 1-on-1 tutoring sessions are designed to cater to your specific needs and goals, whether you're looking to improve grammar, expand your vocabulary, or refine your writing style. Our expert tutors provide constructive feedback and guidance to help you develop clarity, precision, and professionalism in your formal writing. Additionally, our language learning app offers interactive lessons and exercises focused on formal language usage, allowing you to practice and reinforce your skills at your own pace. With Promova, you'll receive the support and tools you need to become a confident and proficient formal writer.

Is it appropriate to use emojis in formal emails?

Emojis are generally not suitable for formal emails or professional communication as they can be perceived as unprofessional or immature. It's best to express emotions and tone through the content of the message rather than relying on emojis.

Can I use personal pronouns in formal writing?

Personal pronouns such as "I," "you," and "we" should be used sparingly in formal writing, particularly in academic or professional contexts where objectivity and impartiality are valued. Instead, focus on conveying ideas and information objectively without relying heavily on personal pronouns. Use third-person pronouns or passive voice when appropriate.

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Writing Help 101: Difference Between Formal and Informal Essay Writing Styles

• Sep 20, 2009
• Academic Writing

Do you often encounter problems in writing your essays? Follow these simple writing hints to help you achieve ease with your writing.

Essay writing can either be informative, analytical or entertaining. Depending on the type of essay you are writing on, you can either have a formal or informal writing style. The formal writing style is often followed when essay writing for informative and analytical articles. In this case, it is necessary to consider your word choice. Certain words can contribute to the article's tone or mood. This is because the tune should be consistent with the article's purpose and general objectives. Words can either bring the subtle, happy, or strong mood to your essay writing. With formal writing, words are more often technical in nature. Formal essay writing often follows a particular pattern or outline. On the other hand, informal essay writing is not very rigid with word choice. With this type of essay, you can use slang language to express your ideas and thoughts. However, do it so minimally as slang language can have variations in meaning depending on one's cultural background. To put it simply, caution must be exercised when using slang language as it could be offensive sometimes. Informal essay writing often lacks a conventional pattern. It is the style often used with writing entertaining articles.

Whichever writing style you take on, it is necessary that your essays undergo spelling and grammar checks. This would inhibit possible vagueness and confusion that come with the wrong use of tense and improperly misspelled words.

If you struggle with college essay writing, Personal Writer is here to say. Our expert writers will produce custom-written, completely original and high-quality essays and research papers for an affordable price. Contact us with an inquiry. 

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• Key Differences

Know the Differences & Comparisons

Difference Between Formal and Informal Writing

Our choice of the form of writing mainly depends on the fact – to whom we are writing to? Secondly, the matter we are going to discuss in our write up also decides the writing style, because if we are writing on a serious matter, then an informal way of writing will not be considered suitable in that case. So, in this article, you will get to know the details of these two writing styles along with its do’s and don’ts.

Content: Formal Vs Informal Writing

Comparison chart, definition of formal writing.

A formal piece of writing is used when we do not have any idea of the person, or when we know the person but haven’t exchanged words, or we are not having familiar terms with the person who receives the letter. Here, we use formal language which indicates dignified and deferential regard for the reader. It is used when writing for academic, professional and legal purposes.

Formal Writing is a bit difficult as we have to consider some important points are to be kept in mind with respect to:

• Word choice and tone should be polite.
• No use of first and second person singular pronouns
• Use of positive and literal language and academic vocabulary.
• Avoiding repetition and over generalisation.
• Use of proper spelling, grammar and punctuation
• No use of contractions, cliche, colloquial diction and abbreviations
• Sentences are fully elaborated and concluded.
• Avoid use of jargons.
• No emotional language
• No statistics without proper reference.
• Full of objectivity, as proper evidence, should be there to support your argument.

Definition of Informal Writing

The informal style of writing is one used for personal and casual conversation, wherein friendly and colloquial language is used. In an informal writing style, personal and emotional tone is used, and the reader is directly referred by the words ‘you’ or ‘your’. It is used when writing personal emails, text messages, letters to friends and family etc. It is a direct form of writing which uses:

• Contractions, abbreviations and short sentences are used.
• Use of ordinary, short and simple sentences.
• Personal and subjective
• Loosely structured
• Use of first and second person pronoun.
• Acceptable use of slang and cliche
• Imperative sentences can be used

Key Differences Between Formal and Informal Writing

The differences between formal and informal writing can be drawn clearly on the following grounds:

• Formal writing is that form of writing which is used for the business, legal, academic or professional purpose. On the other hand, informal writing is one which is used for personal or casual purpose.
• Formal writing must use a professional tone, whereas a personal and emotional tone can be found in informal writing.
• In formal writing, use of slang is not at all common, whereas we normally use slang in informal writing.
• When it comes to language, we use formulaic language in formal writing, which contain a set form of words. As against, informal writing is direct.
• We use passive voice in a formal piece of writing. In contrast, in an informal piece of writing, we use active voice.
• In formal writing, linking words are used, instead of conjunctions which are used in case of informal writing.
• In formal writing, interjections are usually avoided, and so exclamation marks are not used. Conversely, in informal writing, interjections are commonly used.
• In a formal piece of writing, when we refer to audience 1st person plural or third person singular is used. On the contrary, informal piece of writing, we use 1st person singular form to refer to the audience.

Both formal and informal writing is used in our day to day life but in different situations. We just need to think about the reader and the topic of your discussion, before choosing the writing style. When the topic is quite serious and objective, the formal writing style is suitable. It is also used when the write up is addressed to some respectable person or institution.

On the other hand, informal writing is best suited when you are communicating with your family, friends and acquaintances. Further, if the matter of discussion is not very serious, then also informal writing can be used, subject to, you are comfortable with the reader, in talking informally.

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Difference between Formal & Informal Writing With Examples

Table of Contents

Understanding the distinctions between formal and informal writing is crucial for effective written communication. These two styles have different characteristics and serve specific purposes in different contexts.

In this blog, we have detailed down the differences between formal and informal writing, exploring their impact on tone, language, and structure.

Defining formal writing

Formal writing refers to a style of writing that follows a set of established conventions and standards. It is characterized by its objective, precise, and professional tone, designed to convey information or arguments in a clear and logical manner.

Formal writing is often used in academic, professional, and legal settings, where clarity, accuracy, and credibility are of utmost importance.

This style of writing typically avoids slang, informal expressions, and emotional language. Instead, it employs a more structured approach, employing formal language, proper grammar, and a systematic organization of ideas.

Defining informal writing 

Informal writing can be understood as a style of communication that deviates from the strict guidelines and structure typically associated with formal writing.

It adopts a more relaxed and conversational tone, often using informal language and expressions. In contrast to formal writing, which is commonly found in academic or professional settings, informal writing is employed in everyday conversations, personal interaction, digital communications like emails and text messages, as well as social media platforms.

Comparison table for formal vs Informal writing style

Why is it important to know the difference between formal and informal writing.

Knowing the difference between formal and informal writing is important for several reasons: 

• Audience Appropriateness: Different writing contexts require different approaches. Understanding the distinction allows writers to adapt their style, tone, and language to suit the intended audience. Using an inappropriate style can hamper effective communication and create a disconnection with readers.
• Effective Communication: Knowing when to use formal or informal writing helps ensure clear and effective communication. Formal writing provides a structured and precise approach, which can be useful when conveying complex information or presenting arguments. Informal writing, on the other hand, allows for a more personal and relatable connection with the reader, making it suitable for expressing opinions or engaging in informal conversations .

Related Reading : What is effective communication: Example, benefits & process

• Social and Digital Communication: With the rise of social media and digital platforms, understanding the details of formal and informal writing becomes even more important. In online interactions, using the appropriate style can contribute to effective communication, avoiding misunderstandings, and building positive relationships.

Related Reading: Pros and Cons of Digital Transmission

• Flexibility and Adaptability: Knowing the differences between formal and informal writing provides writers with the flexibility to adapt their style based on the situation and audience. Being able to switch between formal and informal writing styles demonstrates flexibility and enhances overall written communication skills .

What is the main difference between formal and informal writing (Detailed explanation)

1/ vocabulary:.

Formal Writing: Formal writing uses complex and specialized vocabulary. It is characterized by the use of technical terms, jargon, and specific terminology relevant to the subject matter. The aim is to demonstrate a high level of expertise, professionalism, and precision in conveying information. By utilizing specialized vocabulary , formal writing ensures clarity and accuracy in communicating ideas in a particular field or domain.

Informal Writing: Informal writing relies on simple and everyday language. It avoids complex vocabulary and technical terms that may complicate understanding for a general audience. The goal is to communicate ideas in a casual and accessible manner. Informal writing uses words that are commonly understood and familiar to a wide range of readers, making it more relatable and engaging. This style of writing fosters a conversational tone and encourages ease of understanding without the need for specialized knowledge.

2/Sentence Structure:

Formal Writing: Formal writing often employs longer, more complex sentences. It utilizes subordination & coordination , and various sentence structures to convey complex ideas and maintain a formal tone. The objective is to present information in a concise and structured way, demonstrating logical connections between ideas. The use of complex sentences allows for the inclusion of multiple points, supporting evidence, and further explanation in a single sentence.

Informal Writing: Informal writing, on the other hand, uses shorter and simpler sentences. The sentences are typically straightforward and easy to understand. The focus is on conveying information concisely and in a manner that is easily understandable to a broader audience. Shorter sentences help maintain a conversational and accessible tone, enabling readers to follow the flow of ideas more effortlessly.

3/ Grammar:

Formal Writing : Formal writing follows strict grammar rules. It follows standard grammatical structures, verb agreements, and sentence constructions. The focus is on maintaining clarity, precision, and grammatical accuracy. By following proper grammar rules , formal writing ensures good communication and enhances the credibility of the writer.

Informal Writing: Informal writing allows for more flexibility in grammar usage. It may include partial sentences or even occasional grammatical errors intentionally used for stylistic effect. This style mimics natural speech patterns and provides a casual and conversational tone to the writing. Informal writing prioritizes effective communication and the creation of a friendly and relatable atmosphere over strict loyalty to formal grammar rules.

4/ Use of Abbreviations:

Formal Writing: Formal writing avoids the use of abbreviations, except for standard ones that are widely accepted and recognized, such as “ Mr. ,” “ Dr. ,” or “ etc. ”  By spelling out words completely, formal writing ensures that the reader fully understands the intended meaning and avoids any confusion or ambiguity that may arise from the use of abbreviations.  This is especially important in professional or academic situations where accuracy is vital.

Informal Writing: Informal writing frequently employs abbreviations and acronyms as a way to convey information more efficiently and to mimic informal communication. Common abbreviations like “ lol ” (laugh out loud), “ btw ” (by the way), or “ OMG ” (oh my god) are commonly used in informal writing to facilitate quick and casual communication.

5/ Punctuation:

Formal Writing: In formal writing, the use of formal punctuation conventions is essential to maintain clarity and accuracy. Proper use of punctuation marks helps to structure sentences, indicate pauses and breaks, and clarify the relationships between different parts of the text. Formal punctuation, such as semicolons , colons , and em dashes , is employed to connect ideas, or separate elements within a sentence. By following formal punctuation rules, formal writing ensures logical flow, readability, and a professional appearance.

Informal Writing: Informal writing, on the other hand, allows for more flexibility and creativity in punctuation usage. It may utilize exclamation points to convey excitement, ellipses to indicate pauses or informal punctuation styles like multiple exclamation or question marks for a casual tone. The purpose is to reflect the natural flow of informal speech and to add personality and expressiveness to the writing. Informal punctuation choices aim to capture emotions, create a conversational tone, and engage the reader in a more relaxed and friendly manner.

6/ Contractions:

Formal Writing : In formal writing, the avoidance or minimization of contractions is preferred to maintain a more formal and professional tone. Contractions, which combine words by removing letters (e.g., “ can’t ” for “ cannot ” or “ don’t ” for “ do not “), are typically avoided to maintain a more formal and professional tone. By using the full forms of words, formal writing appears more precise and serious. The intention is to convey a sense of professionalism and attention to detail, as well as to avoid any ambiguity that contractions might introduce.

Informal Writing: Informal writing freely utilizes contractions. Contractions are common in informal writing, by utilizing contractions, informal writing feels more relaxed, approachable, and relatable to the reader. However, it’s important to note that the choice of contractions depends on the desired level of formality and the intended audience.

7/ Personal Pronouns:

Formal Writing : Formal writing uses third-person pronouns to maintain objectivity and professionalism. By avoiding the use of first-person pronouns (e.g., “ I ” or “ we “), formal writing emphasizes the subject matter or the research rather than the author’s personal perspective. This creates a sense of credibility. The focus is on presenting information and arguments in an objective and neutral manner, relying on evidence and facts rather than personal experiences or opinions.

Informal Writing:   In contrast, informal writing allows for the use of first-person and second-person pronouns more freely. Informal writing often adopts a conversational tone, directly addressing the reader or involving the writer’s own experiences and opinions. First-person pronouns like “ I ” or “ we ” create a sense of connection and authenticity, making the writing more relatable and personal. Second-person pronouns like “ you ” involve the reader directly, creating a sense of engagement. 

8/ Sentence Length:

Formal Writing: Formal writing uses longer sentences to provide in-depth analysis and present complex ideas. These sentences may consist of multiple phrases, allowing for the exploration of various aspects of a topic within a single sentence. Complex sentence structures help establish logical relationships between ideas and enable the inclusion of supporting evidence, and explanations.

Informal Writing: In contrast, informal writing utilizes shorter sentences to enhance readability and accessibility. By keeping sentences concise, informal writing ensures that the content is easily understandable to a wide range of readers. 

9/ Use of Citations and References:

Formal Writing: Formal writing extensively employs citations and references to support arguments, provide evidence, and acknowledge the work of others. It follows specific citation styles, such as APA , MLA , or Chicago , and includes a bibliography or reference list at the end of the document.

Informal Writing: Informal writing typically does not require or emphasize the use of citations and references. It often relies on personal experiences, general knowledge, or common information without explicit citations. In informal writing, the focus is more on personal opinions, storytelling, or conveying information in a casual manner.

10/ Word Choice:

Formal Writing : In formal writing, the choice of words is carefully considered to convey information accurately and professionally. It often employs a more extensive and precise vocabulary, utilizing formal and technical terms specific to the subject matter. Formal writing avoids the use of slang or informal expressions that may undermine the professionalism of the text.

Informal Writing: Informal writing adopts a more relaxed and casual choice of words. It incorporates everyday language, common expressions, and casual vocabulary that resonate with a broader audience. Informal writing aims to be accessible and relatable, creating a friendly and engaging tone.

Difference between formal and informal writing skills

Developing both formal and informal writing skills is important as they address different communication contexts. Strong formal writing skills are crucial for academic and professional success, while informal writing skills allow for personal expression and effective communication in everyday interactions. In this section, we will explore the key difference between both forms of writing skills. 

1/ Tone and Style: Formal writing skills involve maintaining a professional and objective tone. It requires using precise language and following established writing conventions. 

Informal writing skills, on the other hand, allow for a more conversational and personal tone. It involves expressing emotions and incorporating casual language to establish a connection with the reader.

2/ Audience Awareness: Formal writing skills require a deep understanding of the target audience. Writers must consider their knowledge level, expectations, and familiarity with formal writing conventions. Communication is more formal and professional, tailored to an educated or specialized readership. 

As compared with Informal Writing Skills it involves an intense awareness of the intended audience’s preferences and expectations. Writers must consider their familiarity with the topic, their demographics, and the desired level of engagement. Communication is more casual and relatable, aimed at a broader audience.

3/ Contextual Appropriateness: Formal writing skills are crucial in academic, professional, and official settings. They are necessary for research papers, business reporting , legal documents, and any situation where professionalism, accuracy, and authority are valued.

In contrast, Informal writing skills are useful in personal communications, such as emails to friends or family, personal blogs, social media posts, and informal essays. They allow for a more personal and engaging style of writing.

Examples of formal writing and informal writing

Formal writing example:.

“Dear Mr. Johnson, I am writing to formally ask for a meeting to strategize the budget plans for the next fiscal year. As the head of the finance department, I believe it is imperative that we address this matter in a timely manner. I kindly request your availability within the next week to schedule a meeting at your earliest convenience. Please let me know your preferred date and time. Thank you for your attention to this matter. Sincerely, [Your Name]”

Informal Writing Example:

“Hey Johnson, Just wanted to reach out and chat about the budget for next year. I think it’s important that we get together and discuss this soon. Please inform me of your availability, and we can schedule a meeting accordingly. I eagerly await your response. Thanks, [Your Name]”

In the formal writing example, the language is structured, uses proper salutations and signatures, and maintains a professional tone. The informal writing example, on the other hand, uses a more casual tone, abbreviations, and a conversational style.

Example of formal writing sentence

“In accordance with the company’s policies and procedures, all employees are required to submit their timesheets by 5:00 PM every Friday. Failure to comply may result in disciplinary action.”

“The research findings show a notable and meaningful connection between lack of sleep and cognitive performance, as supported by statistical evidence. These results provide valuable insights into the impact of sleep on cognitive abilities.”

Example of informal writing sentence:

“Hey, remember to turn in your timesheets by Friday, okay? We don’t want any trouble with the boss!”

“So, guess what? Turns out that not getting enough sleep seriously messes with your brainpower. Like, your brain just can’t function at its best when you’re sleep-deprived. Crazy, right?”

Difference between formal writing and academic writing

Difference between formal and informal language use in academic writing.

In academic writing, there is a distinct difference between formal and informal language use. Formal language in academic writing is precise, objective, and follows established conventions, while informal language is more relaxed and subjective.

Formal language avoids personal pronouns, focuses on objectivity, and utilizes specialized vocabulary. It adheres to grammatical and structural conventions for clarity. Informal language includes personal pronouns, colloquialisms, and a conversational tone.

Difference between formal, informal, and personal writing

What are the similarities between informal and formal writing.

While informal and formal writing differs in their overall tone, style, and purpose, there are still some similarities that can be identified. Here are a few commonalities between informal and formal writing:

• Clear Communication: Both informal and formal writing aim to convey information or ideas effectively. They require clarity in expression and organization to ensure the intended message is understood by the reader.
• Grammar and Spelling : Irrespective of the writing style, it is crucial to maintain proper grammar and spelling. Both informal and formal writing follow fundamental rules of grammar, including subject-verb agreement, accurate word choice, and appropriate punctuation.
• Use of Paragraphs: Both informal and formal writing employ paragraphs to organize and structure ideas. Each paragraph centers around a specific topic or theme, offering a straightforward and concise delivery of information.
• Use of Supporting Evidence: Both informal and formal writing benefit from the use of supporting evidence, although the level of formality may differ. Writers should back up their claims or arguments with relevant facts, examples, statistics, or expert opinions to strengthen their message.
• Purpose-driven: Informal and formal writing shares the goal of conveying a message or achieving a specific purpose. While informality may allow for a more conversational tone, the ultimate objective remains to inform, persuade, or entertain the reader.

Which is better formal or informal writing? 

The choice between formal or informal writing should be based on the context, purpose, and audience. The key is to understand the expectations and requirements of the writing task and choose the appropriate style accordingly. Both formal and informal writing styles have their strengths and can effectively communicate messages, depending on the intended purpose and audience.

Tips for adapting writing style 

Adapting from formal to informal writing:.

When transitioning from a formal to an informal writing style, consider the following tips:

• Understand the audience and context.
• Use appropriate language and tone.

Adapting from informal to formal writing:

When shifting from an informal to a formal writing style, keep in mind the following tips:

• Observe professional standards and conventions.
• Structure the content and maintain objectivity.

Note that these tips are based on our personal experience with formal and informal writing. Therefore, by following these tips, you can adapt your writing style effectively, whether transitioning from formal to informal or vice versa, ensuring clear and appropriate communication for your audience.

Frequently Asked Questions 

Q1) what is the difference between formal and informal speech.

Ans: Formal speech is structured and professional, used in formal settings like business or academic settings. Informal speech is relaxed, casual, and conversational. The formal speech follows grammar rules, while informal speech is spontaneous and familiar. The pace and delivery differ, with formal speech often prepared and measured, while informal speech flows naturally. 

Q2) What is the difference between formal and informal writing essay?

Ans: Formal and informal writing essays differ in tone, structure, and context. A formal essay follows language conventions and specific formatting, suited for academic and professional settings. An informal essay is relaxed, conversational, and personal, often found in emails and social media. 

Q3) Key differences between formal and informal communication?

Ans: Formal communication is professional, structured, and follows rules, while informal communication is relaxed and casual. Formal communication is used in official or professional settings, while informal communication is common in personal relationships. 

Q4) What is one difference between formal and informal rules? 

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How to write an Informal Essay: All you Need to know

Formal and Informal Essay Writing

The two main writing styles are formal and informal. Professional writing needs a formal tone, whereas if the writing is casual you need to use an informal tone. There are also instances you can use both styles. Before using any of the tones you need to read the instructions.

The instructions might state whether to use a formal or informal tone. 

As a student, you have to take the instructions seriously, to avoid using the wrong writing style. It is crucial for your essay writing especially when aiming for a good grade.

You cannot afford to use the wrong tone. If your essay writing assignment needs you to sound professional, then use a formal tone. However, if it is suitable to personalize your essay, ensure you are conversational in your writing.

Formal vs Informal Essays in writing

Choosing the right language for your essay writing can be a challenge. That can be the case if you are unsure of the right tone to use. It is a problem that several students tend to struggle with. Choosing between formal and informal tone when it matters.

The two writing tones are different and are ideal for specific types of essays.

Every essay comes with a list of instructions. The instructions will depict whether to use an informal or formal writing style. You are free to choose the tone that suits you perfectly, where the instructions do not state which tone to use.

But you must note that formal writing is ideal if you want to sound professional. You can use it in writing a professional essay that requires you to cite sources and provide references.

Informal writing is perfect for conversational or personal essays. For instance, you are writing a college application essay where you intend to express yourself, then be casual. You have to let the admissions board know more about you. So, you have to tell your story. And that is why you need to adopt an informal tone.

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What is an informal essay?

An informal essay is a short piece of writing written as a response or reflection on something or as a personal statement. Informal essays are usually used to reflect on ideas, feelings, experiences, and thoughts.

If you are writing an informal essay to apply for a position, the same rules apply: it needs to be well-researched and include specific examples.

How to Write an Informal Essay

1. brainstorm.

Brainstorming is a way of getting ideas. Basically, it’s a technique for generating ideas when you have no idea what to write about. It’s also a way of breaking the ice when you meet someone for the first time. Here are some tips for brainstorming:

• Write down as many ideas as you can think of in one sitting. Don’t stop writing until your brain is exhausted or you run out of space on your paper, and it looks like this:
• Write down whatever comes into your head, even if it seems crazy or stupid. Writing things down helps them become clearer in your mind and gives them more structure to make sense when they are written down later.
• Write everything down! Refrain from judging yourself harshly if some ideas don’t seem good enough. Keep going until you run out of space or until all the ideas feel too silly or weird to add to the list without making everyone feel uncomfortable at work tomorrow morning, which might happen.

2. Create an Outline

An outline is a kind of roadmap for your paper. It helps you see where you are going and how long it will take. An outline also enables you to focus on what you want to say and ensure that it is all there in one place.

Think about your topic and the different points you want to make. Then, create a simple outline of those points.

It can be a bulleted or numbered list, but it’s better if it’s both. The idea is that you’ll use this outline as a basis for writing your essay.

3. Construct a Thesis Statement

You can defend it in your conclusion, and it should be clear, concise, and specific. You may write a paragraph describing the thesis statement or develop it further; then, you will use this as the foundation for your argument development and final body paragraphs.

4. Write an Introduction

Your introduction also sets up any themes or arguments that might be used throughout the essay. If you want to talk about writing rules that apply to everyone, then this is the place to do it!

5. Write Body Paragraphs

Now that you have your outline, you can start writing! Write one paragraph at a time — don’t try to do too much at once, or you’ll run out of steam before you’re finished. Use your outline to help guide you through each step of the process.

6. Write Conclusion

You can now summarize your points in this section. You should not introduce any new ideas at this point. Just emphasize what you have been discussing in the main body.

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Instances to Use Formal Language in an Essay

Essay writing is not a task you need to approach without reading instructions. You need to know which tone you must use. If you ignore the instructions, you might use the wrong writing style. And that will cost you that grade you are yearning for.

Formal language is ideal for professional writing. A professional essay requires the use of researched knowledge. You have to embrace the use of references or citations. For such an essay you need to sound professional. That is why you must use formal language.

Characteristics of Formal Writing

1. use third person          .

In formal writing, you ought to use the third person. Know the different personal pronouns for an essay . In this connection, you will use words such as her, his, theirs, and they.

You must avoid writing in a first person tone. Formal language brings some sense of seriousness to your essay. It shows that you did sufficient research before writing your essay. And for that reason, sounding professional will be a great idea.

2. Structured Essay 

With formal writing, you have no otherwise but to structure your essay. You need to have the introduction, body, and conclusion. Such a structure allows you to put your ideas together so that they flow seamlessly.

Besides, you can write longer sentences and paragraphs to give your points more clarity.

3. Objective in Approach

As a writer who intends to use formal language, you must take up an objective approach. You need to state your points and support them using arguments. But there is a catch. You should not use an emotional tone.

Do not use exclamations marks or ellipsis, unless you are citing a source.

4. Use Full Words

Lastly, with formal writing, you must use full words. You should not use contractions. Your essay needs to sound professional. Therefore, do not try to simplify it with abbreviations and contractions.

Do not give the tutor a hard time figuring out the meaning of the abbreviations or contractions present in your essay.

Instances to Use Informal Language In An Essay 

If you aim to personalize an essay, then using informal language is the right approach. It allows you to write in first person. You can tell your story to the admissions board; hence they will get to know more about it.

Such a language will be ideal when writing your college application essay.

If you want to write something casual, you can use informal language. Usually, there is no structure that you have to follow. So, you are free to write down your thoughts on a particular topic. It does save on time since you will be giving your opinion.

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Characteristics of Informal Writing

1. colloquial terms.

Informal writing has provisions for using slang, broken syntax, asides, and figures of speech. It gives you too much freedom in your essay writing.

You can take a simple approach to your essay writing. That means you can use shorter paragraphs and sentences.

2. Abbreviations and Contractions

Informal language allows you to use contractions and abbreviations. It is a chance that formal writing might not offer you. But with informal writing, you can use the short form of words.

But just ensure you do not overuse the abbreviations and contractions. Some of the short words can complicate your essay to a point that the reader or tutor may not understand your message.

3. Show Emotion and Empathy

It is easier to show emotion and empathy using informal language than being formal. So, if you want to write an essay where emotions are high, then use informal language.

You can easily describe an empathetic scene that the reader of the essay will easily feel.

How to Combine Formal and Informal tones in Essay Writing

Essay writing is an undertaking that requires you to be attentive and careful. Be sure of which writing style suits the essay writing task at hand. You can either learn that from the instructions or guidance from your tutor.

You can opt for a formal or informal writing style. But also, there are times whereby you can use both formal and informal tones.

If you are writing a professional essay then you must use formal writing. Where the essay needs to be conversational or casual, you can use an informal writing style.

You can also use both tones if the instructions on the essay do not specify which tone to use. At that juncture, you are free to combine both styles of writing.

An essay that needs to sound casual and professional will require you to use both tones.

For since if you have to incorporate direct speech or quotes in your professional essay, you have to use both formal and informal tone. However, ensure you use them with care so that you do not distort your message.

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Conclusion  

A professional essay requires the use of a formal tone. You need to write in the third person. Besides, you must ensure you stay away from using contractions and abbreviations.

Since it is an essay that needs citation and references, you must ensure you write words in full and use longer sentences. The aim is to provide your points and support them to ensure clarity.

On the other hand, informal writing is more casual. You must sound conversational. And that is why you need to write in a personal tone to express your emotions.

You do not have to write long sentences, since casual writing requires a simple structure. Also, you can use both formal and informal tones without interfering with the flow of your ideas in the essay.

When not handling complex essays and academic writing tasks, Josh is busy advising students on how to pass assignments. In spare time, he loves playing football or walking with his dog around the park.

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Core Differences

We Provide Comparison for All Terms

8 Difference between Formal and Informal Writing with Comparison Table

What is the difference between formal and informal writing?

Writing is a type of communication and the purpose usually determine the style of writing. Therefore, writing can either be formal or informal depending on the purpose. The lesson provides the difference between formal and informal writing with examples to make things easier for understanding. Let’s find out:

What Is Formal Writing?

Formal writing is a style that tends to be clear, properly framed and well-organized. It is frequently used when writing for academic, professional and legal purposes.

Main Features of Formal Writing

• Should use polite word choice and tone
• First and second person singular pronouns are not used
• Use positive and literal language
• No repetition and overgeneralization
• Proper spelling, grammar and punctuation
• No use of cliché, contradiction, and colloquial diction
• Use elaborated and concluded the sentence
• No use of jargons
• No emotional language
• Contain proper evidence for support of the argument

What Is Informal Writing?

Informal writing is one use of personal and casual conversation which is friendly and colloquial language is used. It is frequently used when addressing a friend or a colleague.

Main Features of Informal Writing

• Has personal and emotional tone
• Use of colloquial language
• Loosely structured
• Use of slang and cliché
• Use of imperative sentence
• Use of first and second person singular pronoun

Comparison Chart: Formal Vs Informal Writing

Core differences between formal and informal writing.

• Informal writing is quite common in speaking whereas formal writing is common in writing.
• Formal writing is objective whereas informal writing is subjective
• Formal writing is for impersonal use whereas informal writing is personal use.
• Informal writing encourages the use of slangs while formal writing does not encourage at all.
• The voice of formal writing is passive while that of informal writing is active
• The personal pronoun of formal writing is the third person whereas informal writing is the first and second person.
• The language used in formal writing is formulaic whereas in informal writing is direct.
• The tone used in formal writing is official and professional whereas in informal writing is personal and friendly.
• Informal writing encourages used of interjections while formal writing does not encourage interjections.
• The sentences used in formal writing are long and complex whereas in informal writing are short and simple.

Comparison Video

Both formal and informal writings are commonly used but depending on the situation. The difference between formal and informal writing highlighted in the guide are enough to differentiate the two terms.

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should college essays be formal or informal Answered

I want to write humourous and somewhat informal essays for my college app. is that a good idea or should I stay away from informal essays?

II think informal essays are great. Such essays really show the personal characteristics of a person. I've recently written an essay on personal strengths, and I decided to take a chance and write an informal essay. I reviewed what essays other students are writing on the topic at https://samploon.com/free-essays/personal-strengths/ to understand how I should write about this and everyone was writing mostly formal papers. Since such essays are not scientific ones, I think using an informal style

Earn karma by helping others:

As others have offered, the style of these essays is up to you -- write in your own voice! Many people mistakenly believe, for example, that contractions are a red flag, but unless you actually speak without them, there's no reason you can't integrate them into your essays. My general rule of thumb is that someone should be able to pick your essay up off the street with no name on it and instantly know who to return it to. As others have also said, you'll still want to avoid expletives and any phrasing that you think could be reasonably misinterpreted as offensive.

In short, if you're formal, write formally. If you're humorous, write humorously. Don't try to cast yourself as what you think admissions officers want to see; just put your own best foot forward, and the essay should ring true. Best of luck!

Remember that college essay is supposed to talk about yourself and be deeply personal, as long as you do this effectively- the format should not matter as much. Just make sure that the essay is logically written and flows well.

It really depends. As long as you can ensure it comes across as humorous, it shows who you really are, and gives a real sense of what you can contribute to the college, I say go for it. Considering most essays won't be like that, it could be a breath of fresh air for the AOs. Good luck!

Edit: Schools like UChicago and Brown tend to like these especially!

Meh Uchicago Brown just have wacky prompts that lend to more humorous but no data or anecdotes Ive seen have indicated humor essays are better then formal essays.

I can't say for sure, but I know who can help you. I recently needed a dissertation help, since I could not write anything. I used where they wrote everything to me in a short time. I think if you write and ask, they will help you. Or just order from them.

oh i dont know

So informal as in a chat between friends works well but if your friend group cusses 24/7 don't include that for obvious reasons. But the essays purpose is to show who you are so the formality doesn't matter if done well. Also you may not be a great formal writer so just play to your strengths. BUT if the prompt is write a tragic circumstance (not gonna happen but shows a point) don't be humorous then.

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