phd in economics and education

Economics and Education PhD

Doctor of philosophy in economics and education.

Admissions Information

Displaying requirements for the Spring 2024, Summer 2024, and Fall 2024 terms.

Doctor of Philosophy

• Points/Credits: 75
• Entry Terms: Fall Only

Application Deadlines

Select programs remain open beyond our standard application deadlines , such as those with an extended deadline or those that are rolling (open until June or July). If your program is rolling or has an extended deadline indicated above, applications are reviewed as they are received and on a space-available basis. We recommend you complete your application as soon as possible as these programs can close earlier if full capacity has been met.

Application Requirements

Additional degree information.

Program Guide

Doctoral Program Worksheet

Requirements from the TC Catalog (AY 2023-2024)

Displaying catalog information for the Fall 2023, Spring 2024 and Summer 2024 terms.

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This 75-point degree program is intended for individuals who want to acquire advanced training in the theory, methods, and practices in the economics of education. It is a highly selective program to prepare individuals for leadership roles in teaching, research, or administrative settings.

The coursework for this program consists of three parts: core courses, courses in research methods, and courses in a specialized area of study, such as higher education, early childhood education, field experimentation, or a regional focus. Students work on their dissertation under the guidance of faculty advisors within the program; additional members of the dissertation committee may be drawn from other TC Departments, and at least one committee member must be from Columbia University’s Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. All degrees are conferred by Columbia University. https://www.tc.columbia.edu/education-policy-and- social-analysis/economics-and-education/degrees/doctor-of-philosophy- in-economics-and-education-econ/

Admission to the Ph.D. program is highly selective. All applications to enter the program are evaluated on an individual and holistic basis. However, the curriculum of the degree program assumes that students have some previous coursework in economics and statistics, possess intellectual maturity, and demonstrate an interest in education policy and practice. Compelling applications for admission demonstrate the applicant’s capacity for success and also clearly explain how the Economics and Education curriculum fits with the applicant’s past experiences and future goals.

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Program Director : Professor Alex Eble

Teachers College, Columbia University 212 Zankel, Suite B

Contact Person: Katherine Y. Chung, Program Manager

Phone: (212) 678-3677 Fax: (212) 678-3677

Email: kc2610@tc.columbia.edu

LERNER BUSINESS & ECONOMICS

• Economics (Ph.D.)

Doctoral Program

The Ph.D. program is a full time program leading to a Doctoral Degree in Economics.  Students specialize in various fields within Economics by enrolling in field courses and attending field specific lunches and seminars.  Students gain economic breadth by taking additional distribution courses outside of their selected fields of interest.

General requirements

Students  are required to complete 1 quarter of teaching experience. Teaching experience includes teaching assistantships within the Economics department or another department .

University's residency requirement

135 units of full-tuition residency are required for PhD students. After that, a student should have completed all course work and must request Terminal Graduate Registration (TGR) status.

Department degree requirements and student checklist

1. core course requirement.

Required: Core Microeconomics (202-203-204) Core Macroeconomics (210-211-212) Econometrics (270-271-272).  The Business School graduate microeconomics class series may be substituted for the Econ Micro Core.  Students wishing to waive out of any of the first year core, based on previous coverage of at least 90% of the material,  must submit a waiver request to the DGS at least two weeks prior to the start of the quarter.  A separate waiver request must be submitted for each course you are requesting to waive.  The waiver request must include a transcript and a syllabus from the prior course(s) taken.  

2.  Field Requirements

Required:  Two of the Following Fields Chosen as Major Fields (click on link for specific field requirements).  Field sequences must be passed with an overall grade average of B or better.  Individual courses require a letter grade of B- or better to pass unless otherwise noted.

Research fields and field requirements :

• Behavioral & Experimental
• Development Economics
• Econometric Methods with Causal Inference
• Econometrics
• Economic History
• Environmental, Resource and Energy Economics
• Industrial Organization
• International Trade & Finance
• Labor Economics
• Market Design
• Microeconomic Theory
• Macroeconomics
• Political Economy
• Public Economics

3.  Distribution

Required:  Four other graduate-level courses must be completed. One of these must be from the area of economic history (unless that field has already been selected above). These courses must be distributed in such a way that at least two fields not selected above are represented.  Distribution courses must be passed with a grade of B or better.

4.  Field Seminars/Workshops

Required:  Three quarters of two different field seminars or six quarters of the same field seminar from the list below.   

PhD Program

Year after year, our top-ranked PhD program sets the standard for graduate economics training across the country. Graduate students work closely with our world-class faculty to develop their own research and prepare to make impactful contributions to the field.

Our doctoral program enrolls 20-24 full-time students each year and students complete their degree in five to six years. Students undertake core coursework in microeconomic theory, macroeconomics, and econometrics, and are expected to complete two major and two minor fields in economics. Beyond the classroom, doctoral students work in close collaboration with faculty to develop their research capabilities, gaining hands-on experience in both theoretical and empirical projects.

How to apply

Students are admitted to the program once per year for entry in the fall. The online application opens on September 15 and closes on December 15.

Meet our students

Our PhD graduates go on to teach in leading economics departments, business schools, and schools of public policy, or pursue influential careers with organizations and businesses around the world. 

Economics of Education (PhD)

This course is a PhD level introduction to the economics of education. It introduces microeconomic theories of returns to education and frontier econometric methods that are employed in investigating issues in education. The course pays attention to causal inference and predictions about the impact of education policies. Primary focus is on early childhood and K-12 education in the US. Must be a PhD student to enroll.

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The Ph.D. Program in the Department of Economics at Harvard is addressed to students of high promise who wish to prepare themselves in teaching and research in academia or for responsible positions in government, research organizations, or business enterprises. Students are expected to devote themselves full-time to their programs of study.

The program prepares students for productive and stimulating careers as economists. Courses and seminars offered by the department foster an intellectually active and stimulating environment. Each week, the department sponsors more than 15 different seminars on such topics as environmental economics, economic growth and development, monetary and fiscal policy, international economics, industrial organization, law and economics, behavioral economics, labor economics, and economic history. Top scholars from both domestic and international communities are often invited speakers at the seminars.  The Harvard community outside of the department functions as a strong and diverse resource. Students in the department are free to pursue research interests with scholars throughout the University. Faculty of the Harvard Law School, Kennedy School of Government, and Harvard Business School, for example, are available to students for consultation, instruction, and research guidance. As a member of the Harvard community, students in the department can register for courses in the various schools and have access to the enormous library resources available through the University. There are over 90 separate library units at Harvard, with the total collections of books and pamphlets numbering over 13 million.  Both the department and the wider University draw some of the brightest students from around the world, which makes for a student body that is culturally diverse and likely unequaled in the range of intellectual interests of its members. These factors combine to add an important dimension to the educational process. Students are able to learn from one another, collaborate on research projects and publications, and form bonds that are not broken by distance once the degree is completed and professional responsibilities lead them in different directions.

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Economic Analysis & Policy

Our doctoral program in the field of economic analysis and policy prepares students for research careers in economics. The program offers rigorous training and has several distinct advantages:

Low Student-to-Faculty Ratio

First, enrollment in the program is small. This encourages close faculty-student contact and allows students to become involved in research very early. Students work first as assistants on faculty research projects and, as their interests and skills develop, on their own research. Students often begin their publishing careers before completing their degrees.

Flexible and Innovative Program

Second, the program is flexible and innovative; students can draw on both the school’s and the university’s distinguished faculty. In addition to the faculty in the economics group at Stanford GSB and in the university’s economics department, students have access to faculty in political and behavioral sciences; accounting and finance; mathematics, statistics, and computer science; and many other disciplines.

A Top-Ranked School

Third, the program is part of a top-ranked professional school. This setting allows students to gain a deeper understanding of the actual processes of business decision-making and public policy formulation.

Preparation and Qualifications

Students who enroll in this program have a substantial background in economics and mathematics. They are expected to have, minimally, mathematical skills at the level of one year of advanced calculus and one course each in linear algebra, analysis, probability, optimization, and statistics.

The faculty selects students based on predicted performance in the program. Evidence of substantial background or ability in the use of mathematical reasoning and statistical methods is important. Most successful applicants had quantitative undergraduate majors in economics, mathematics, or related sciences.

In addition to evidence of ability and letters of recommendation, the faculty considers carefully the applicant’s statement of purpose for pursuing the PhD degree. The successful applicant usually has clearly defined career goals that are compatible with those of the program.

Acceptance into the program is extremely competitive. Admitted applicants compare very favorably with students enrolled in the top economics departments of major universities.

Economic Analysis & Policy Faculty

Mohammad akbarpour, claudia allende santa cruz, susan athey, lanier benkard, jeremy i. bulow, modibo khane camara, sebastian di tella, rebecca diamond, yossi feinberg, guido w. imbens, charles i. jones, michael ostrovsky, garth saloner, yuliy sannikov, kathryn shaw, andrzej skrzypacz, paulo somaini, juan carlos suárez serrato, takuo sugaya, christopher tonetti, shoshana vasserman, ali yurukoglu, weijie zhong, emeriti faculty, alain c. enthoven, robert j. flanagan, david m. kreps, peter c. reiss, john roberts, a. michael spence, robert wilson, recent publications in economic analysis & policy, adaptive novelty detection with false discovery rate guarantee, an economic framework for vaccine prioritization, pricing power in advertising markets: theory and evidence, recent insights by stanford business, nine stories to get you through tax season, a.i. can help “personalize” policies to reach the right people, stanford gsb faculty share their holiday reading lists, placement director.

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Doctor of Philosophy in Economics

Program description.

The PhD in Economics degree program provides a cutting-edge education in economic theories and the development of a rigorous toolkit of mathematical and econometric techniques. Students also gain extensive exposure to various research areas in economics that allow them to think critically about how to approach the analysis of economic problems and contribute to the knowledge base of the discipline. The program is particularly strong in the areas of public economics, applied microeconomics, macroeconomics, data analysis, and the economics of conflict.

Career Opportunities

Graduates of the program seek positions such as: academic, data analyst, economist in financial institutions, management firms, and consulting firms both in private and domestic sector, academics and researcher and government positions (the Federal Reserve banks, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Census Bureau, Social Security Administration and Federal Trade Commission.)

Application Requirements

Degree requirements:  Bachelor’s degree from an accredited college or university.

GPA:  Minimum GPA of 3.25 in upper-division and graduate course work in economics and related courses.

Test score required:  Yes

The minimum quantitative score is 158 with students averaging 163 on the quantitative score and 150 of the verbal score. The program does not accept GMAT scores as a substitute for GRE scores.

Letters of recommendation:  3

Applicants must submit three letters of recommendation from individuals who can judge the candidate’s probability of success in graduate school. Use the electronic request form in the graduate application to submit the letters. Contact the graduate academic program department if you have any questions.

Admissions essay required:  Yes

A one-page essay outlining the applicant’s background, reasons for choosing UT Dallas, prior educational experiences, and personal objectives.

Deadlines:  University  deadlines  apply.

Contact Information

Judy Du Graduate Program Administrator Email: [email protected] Phone: 972-883-4964 Office: GR 2.808

Degree Information Dr. Seth Giertz Director of Graduate Studies Email: [email protected] Phone: 972-883-6234 Office: GR 2.244

EPPS Advising The University of Texas at Dallas 800 W Campbell Rd, GR 31 Richardson, TX 75080-3021 [email protected]

epps.utdallas.edu/

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About the Ph.D. Program

The Ph.D. Program in Economics at UCLA prepares students for careers as economists in academia, business and government. The program combines rigorous work in economic theory and careful study of real-world problems and institutions. Graduates from this program work at major universities around the world, national and international government agencies, banks, research centers and in private businesses. Some of our graduates have achieved great prominence, such as William Sharpe , who earned both his B.A. and Ph.D. degrees at UCLA, and was co-recipient of the 1990 Nobel Prize in Economics for his work on the capital asset pricing model.

The department includes internationally recognized scholars in economic theory, econometrics, and all the major applied fields. These outstanding scholars form one of the foremost departments of economics in the world.

The Economics Department is situated within one of the world’s most youthful and vibrant universities. Founded in 1919, UCLA first developed into a major university in the 1950’s. After so short a history, the university was ranked second in the United States among public research universities by the Conference Board of Associated Research Councils in 1982. Thirty-one of its Ph.D. programs are currently ranked in the top 20 in their field–third best in the nation.

The Ph.D. is the degree objective of the graduate program. This degree is awarded to students who demonstrate professional competence by passing written qualifying exams and by completing a major piece of individual research (the Ph.D. dissertation).

Preparation for the qualifying exams through coursework and independent study occupies most student time for the first two years. Thereafter the focus shifts to independent research and finally to the writing of a Ph.D. dissertation. Research in progress by our graduate students as well as our faculty is presented at workshops that meet weekly throughout the academic year. Currently, the Dept. has workshops in Theory and Mathematical Economics, International and Development Economics, Labor and Population Economics, Business Organization and Regulation Economics, Economic History, Econometrics, and Monetary Theory. In addition, many graduate students work as research or teaching assistants for faculty members. The normal time to degree is six years.

This degree program classifies as STEM (CIP Code 45.0603: Econometrics and Quantitative Economics).

UCLA Department of Economics

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Graduate Programs Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Economic Education

This Ph.D. program is on moratorium and no longer accepting new students. This page is for students admitted to the program prior to Fall 2021.

An Interdisciplinary Program for Leaders in Economic Education

The doctorate in economic education is designed to train the next generation of leaders in this fast-growing field. It is a joint program of Lerner’s economics department and the School of Education.

The field of economic education focuses on developing and evaluating economic and financial literacy programs and curricula in the K-12 school system, universities and a wide variety of outreach programs.

Traditionally, professionals and scholars in this field have been trained in either economics or education, with little or no formal training in the other area. This is no longer adequate. The increasing complexity and importance of economics in today’s world requires scholars and leaders who have a deeper understanding of both disciplines.

The program draws on the strengths of the University of Delaware’s economics and education graduate programs and on UD’s nationally-recognized Center for Economic Education and Entrepreneurship.

Program Highlights

The curriculum is evenly balanced between coursework in economics and education. The elective options allow you to specialize in one area or the other, depending on your interests and strengths.

The program can be completed in four years following a B.A., although the typical student takes five years to complete the degree. Students with substantial prior graduate training in economics or education can complete the program in three years.

Program Coordinator: Elizabeth Farley-Ripple (Education) and Thomas Bridges (Economics)

Student Spotlight

Erin Yetter

Erin Yetter, the first ever graduate of UD’s doctorate in economic education program, won the Journal of Economics Teaching’s 2016 Best Paper Award for her paper, “Using the Berenstain Bears to Teach Economics in the Elementary Classroom.” She works as an economic education specialist with the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Louisville Branch where she writes curriculum materials, conducts professional development for teachers and continues to research student learning of economic concepts.

Program Faculty

Program requirements.

Graduate students are required to be registered for courses every semester, including the semester in which their degree is conferred, unless they are on an approved Leave of Absence. The program requires a minimum of 45 graduate-level credits.

Economic Theory & Statistical Methods Competency Courses

All students must demonstrate graduate-level competence in economic theory and in statistical methods by completing the following UD courses or by seeking waivers for previously completed coursework. The Department of Economics has sole authority to award waivers for economics courses and the School of Education has sole authority to award waivers for education courses.

• ECON 801 – Microeconomics
• ECON 802 – Macroeconomics
• ECON 803 – Applied Econometrics I
• ECON 804 – Applied Econometrics II
• EDUC 856 – Introduction to Statistical Inference

Required Courses

As indicated above, some students will also take additional courses in economic theory and in statistical methods.

• EDUC 805 – Proseminar in Education I
• EDUC 806 – Proseminar in Education II
• EDUC 850 – Qualitative Research in Educational Settings
• EDUC 812, 826, 865, 873 or 874
• EDUC 840 – Research Colloquium in Education
• 2 EDUC electives
• ECON 820 – Economics of Education Policy
• ECON 829 – Economic Education Curricula
• 2 ECON electives
• Free elective
• ECON/EDUC 964 and 969, dissertation (9 credits)

Sample Student Schedules

• Sample schedule for students with no course waivers
• Sample schedule for students with maximum course waivers  (ECON801, 802, 803, 804, EDUC 856)

Career Opportunities

As a graduate of our program, you will have a wide range of professional and academic employment opportunities, including:

• University departments of economics and education
• Councils and centers for economic education (approximately 200 nationally, most affiliated with universities)
• Education units within regional Federal Reserve banks and other private sector businesses and foundations with an interest in economic and financial education
• School districts and state departments of education
• Education consulting and evaluation firms

Where Our Graduates Work

The doctorate in economic education is a relatively new program at the University of Delaware. Our first graduate completed her doctorate in 2013. She is currently employed as an economic education specialist with the Louisville Branch of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Our second graduate completed her degree in 2016 and is on the faculty of the Department of Economics at Michigan State University. A recent 2017 graduate is currently employed in UD’s Center for Economic Education and Entrepreneurship.

Alumni Profile

Lauren ahlstrom.

“The Ph.D. in Economic Education program at UD was a great fit. My coursework and experiences at UD combined my love of economics with my passion for education and provided me with a strong foundation of skills as a scholar in my field. When I was beginning to write the literature review for my dissertation, a professor on my committee gave me some excellent advice. She encouraged me to think of the literature review like a funnel that should begin with a general overview of the research, moving to a narrower focus. As a result, I explored research outside of my primary field of economic education, which gave me a much broader perspective and understanding of the questions I was studying.”

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The PhD in Economics is a small and focused program, with students concentrating in one of two areas of specialization: Industrial Organization, Competition Policy, and Regulatory Economics and Labor Economics. The program is applied in nature and is designed for students who are considering work in the government and private sectors as well as academic jobs.

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Fewer than ten students enter the PhD in Economics program each year. Students may concentrate in either Industrial Organization, Competition Policy, and Regulatory Economics; or Labor Economics. Each field is covered in two semester courses at the PhD level. Admission from the Bachelor’s level requires taking the MA core courses and two additional elective courses plus the PhD requirements.

The field of Industrial Organization, Competition Policy, and Regulatory Economics analyzes and evaluates the performance of markets and devises appropriate policy responses when markets are not performing well. By developing techniques for examining the structure, conduct, and performance of markets, it bridges economic theory and the real world. In addition, it helps to develop and implement antitrust and regulatory policies to remedy failures of those markets.

The field of L abor Economics analyzes the neoclassical labor market, covering such topics as the supply of labor from the perspective of the individual and the family, human capital, the demand for labor, market equilibrium, and the determination and distribution of wages and earnings. Theoretical and empirical issues surrounding current topics in labor economics are examined, and may include discrimination, efficiency wage theory, labor legislation, life cycle analysis and the use of microdata (panel studies), search behavior, intergenerational earnings mobility, and employment and training policies.

Learn more about the PhD program in Economics from the College of Social Sciences and Humanities .

The Economics department faculty engage in research in a wide range of academic and applied areas including industrial organization, competition policy, labor economics, development economics, network science, innovation policy, health, applied game theory, monetary policy, banking, technological change, law and economics, and education.  They serve as mentors and advisors, and collaborate alongside students to solve the most pressing global challenges facing established and emerging markets.

• Students may enter the program from a Bachelor’s or Master’s level
• Students concentrate in Industrial Organization, Competition Policy, and Regulatory Economics or Labor Economics
• The department is home to the administrative office of the Industrial Organization Society

Our graduates pursue careers within academia and beyond.

• Analysis Group
• Charles River Associates
• City University of New York (CUNY), Queen’s College
• The Brattle Group
• Ernst and Young
• Federal Trade Commission
• Federal Reserve Bank
• Moody’s Analytics

Application Materials

Application.

• Application fee – US $100
• Personal statement
• Unofficial transcripts from all institutions attended
• English proficiency for international applicants
• Three letters of recommendation
• Scores from the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) – Optional

Admissions deadline for Fall term: December 1

• Program Website

Request Information for PhD in Economics

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PhD Program

Program overview.

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Rigorous, discipline-based research is the hallmark of the MIT Sloan PhD Program. The program is committed to educating scholars who will lead in their fields of research—those with outstanding intellectual skills who will carry forward productive research on the complex organizational, financial, and technological issues that characterize an increasingly competitive and challenging business world.

Start here.

Learn more about the program, how to apply, and find answers to common questions.

Admissions Events

Check out our event schedule, and learn when you can chat with us in person or online.

Start Your Application

Visit this section to find important admissions deadlines, along with a link to our application.

Click here for answers to many of the most frequently asked questions.

PhD studies at MIT Sloan are intense and individual in nature, demanding a great deal of time, initiative, and discipline from every candidate. But the rewards of such rigor are tremendous:  MIT Sloan PhD graduates go on to teach and conduct research at the world's most prestigious universities.

PhD Program curriculum at MIT Sloan is organized under the following three academic areas: Behavior & Policy Sciences; Economics, Finance & Accounting; and Management Science. Our nine research groups correspond with one of the academic areas, as noted below.

MIT Sloan PhD Research Groups

Behavioral & policy sciences.

Economic Sociology

Institute for Work & Employment Research

Organization Studies

Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship & Strategic Management

Economics, Finance & Accounting

Accounting  

Management Science

Information Technology

System Dynamics  

Those interested in a PhD in Operations Research should visit the Operations Research Center .  

PhD Program Structure

Additional information including coursework and thesis requirements.

MIT Sloan Predoctoral Opportunities

MIT Sloan is eager to provide a diverse group of talented students with early-career exposure to research techniques as well as support in considering research career paths.

Rising Scholars Conference

The fourth annual Rising Scholars Conference on October 25 and 26 gathers diverse PhD students from across the country to present their research.

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The goal of the MIT Sloan PhD Program's admissions process is to select a small number of people who are most likely to successfully complete our rigorous and demanding program and then thrive in academic research careers. The admission selection process is highly competitive; we aim for a class size of nineteen students, admitted from a pool of hundreds of applicants.

What We Seek

• Outstanding intellectual ability
• Excellent academic records
• Previous work in disciplines related to the intended area of concentration
• Strong commitment to a career in research

MIT Sloan PhD Program Admissions Requirements Common Questions

Dates and Deadlines

Admissions for 2024 is closed. The next opportunity to apply will be for 2025 admission. The 2025 application will open in September 2024. 

More information on program requirements and application components

Students in good academic standing in our program receive a funding package that includes tuition, medical insurance, and a fellowship stipend and/or TA/RA salary. We also provide a new laptop computer and a conference travel/research budget.

Funding Information

Throughout the year, we organize events that give you a chance to learn more about the program and determine if a PhD in Management is right for you.

PhD Program Events

May phd program overview.

During this webinar, you will hear from the PhD Program team and have the chance to ask questions about the application and admissions process.

June PhD Program Overview

July phd program overview, august phd program overview.

Complete PhD Admissions Event Calendar

Unlike formulaic approaches to training scholars, the PhD Program at MIT Sloan allows students to choose their own adventure and develop a unique scholarly identity. This can be daunting, but students are given a wide range of support along the way - most notably having access to world class faculty and coursework both at MIT and in the broader academic community around Boston.

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Profiles of our current students

MIT Sloan produces top-notch PhDs in management. Immersed in MIT Sloan's distinctive culture, upcoming graduates are poised to innovate in management research and education.

Academic Job Market

Doctoral candidates on the current academic market

Academic Placements

Graduates of the MIT Sloan PhD Program are researching and teaching at top schools around the world.

view recent placements 

MIT Sloan Experience

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The PhD Program is integral to the research of MIT Sloan's world-class faculty. With a reputation as risk-takers who are unafraid to embrace the unconventional, they are engaged in exciting disciplinary and interdisciplinary research that often includes PhD students as key team members.

Research centers across MIT Sloan and MIT provide a rich setting for collaboration and exploration. In addition to exposure to the faculty, PhD students also learn from one another in a creative, supportive research community.

Throughout MIT Sloan's history, our professors have devised theories and fields of study that have had a profound impact on management theory and practice.

From Douglas McGregor's Theory X/Theory Y distinction to Nobel-recognized breakthroughs in finance by Franco Modigliani and in option pricing by Robert Merton and Myron Scholes, MIT Sloan's faculty have been unmatched innovators.

This legacy of innovative thinking and dedication to research impacts every faculty member and filters down to the students who work beside them.

Faculty Links

• Accounting Faculty
• Economic Sociology Faculty
• Finance Faculty
• Information Technology Faculty
• Institute for Work and Employment Research (IWER) Faculty
• Marketing Faculty
• Organization Studies Faculty
• System Dynamics Faculty
• Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Strategic Management (TIES) Faculty

Student Research

“MIT Sloan PhD training is a transformative experience. The heart of the process is the student’s transition from being a consumer of knowledge to being a producer of knowledge. This involves learning to ask precise, tractable questions and addressing them with creativity and rigor. Hard work is required, but the reward is the incomparable exhilaration one feels from having solved a puzzle that had bedeviled the sharpest minds in the world!” -Ezra Zuckerman Sivan Alvin J. Siteman (1948) Professor of Entrepreneurship

Sample Dissertation Abstracts - These sample Dissertation Abstracts provide examples of the work that our students have chosen to study while in the MIT Sloan PhD Program.

We believe that our doctoral program is the heart of MIT Sloan's research community and that it develops some of the best management researchers in the world. At our annual Doctoral Research Forum, we celebrate the great research that our doctoral students do, and the research community that supports that development process.

The videos of their presentations below showcase the work of our students and will give you insight into the topics they choose to research in the program.

Attention To Retention: The Informativeness of Insiders’ Decision to Retain Shares

2024 PhD Doctoral Research Forum Winner - Gabriel Voelcker

Watch more MIT Sloan PhD Program  Doctoral Forum Videos

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The Economy of Everything

Why you need a phd in economics.

Download the Full Guide

How to Become an Economist: PhD Required

Earning a PhD in Economics means you have completed the highest level of education in the discipline, thereby creating nearly unlimited opportunities for any job in a related field. 

As a PhD economist, you'll have the skills to analyze real-world economic data with rigorous statistical techniques, critically assess the economic implications of public policy, and understand the complex relationships behind key macroeconomic variables like GDP growth, interest rates and inflation. 

The Department of Economics at SMU is highly ranked among economics departments in the United States and has prepared PhD candidates for careers as economists in both academic and non-academic positions for more than 55 years. 

If you want to become a PhD Economist, this guide will help you understand SMU's unique approach to the study of economics and prepare you to apply to our PhD program with confidence. 

We'll email you a PDF of the eBook for your reference as you apply to graduate school.

Download The Guide!

What can i do with a phd in economics.

Economics PhDs often work in complex, high-profile positions in the corporate sector or government and frequently explore regulatory, strategic or public policies. Our resource expands on both the academic and non-academic career paths for PhD economists.

Access the Guide

Is a PhD in Economics Worth It?

Pursuing a PhD in economics is a big investment. Even though you will have a full tuition waiver and a stipend to cover your cost of living, you must also consider the cost of lost wages during your education. This guide will help you calculate the ROI of your PhD in Economics and determine if it's the right choice for you compared to a master's in economics. 

Download Our Guide

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Top 9 Best Online PhD Economics Programs [2024]

Economists have excellent job prospects in today’s labor market. With a doctorate in economics from a reputed university and strong academic record, you’ll find many well-paid job opportunities in academia or policy. Almost every field needs economists — organizations rely on economists’ statistical, analytical, and problem-solving skills  to find solutions to important issues.

Most students need a master’s of economics  degree to move forward with the PhD. But some schools accept transferable credits from related programs, too!

However, not everyone can afford to earn a doctorate on campus. So, an online PhD economics degree is a great alternative.

Below are some of the best online economics PhD programs and helpful information on jobs, salaries, costs, preparation tips, and more.

Table of Contents

Best Online PhD Programs in Economics

Ready to pursue your doctorate in economics online? Let’s dive into our list of top PhD economics online programs.

Liberty University

PhD in Public Policy – Economic Policy

Liberty University offers opportunities to pursue higher education across diverse disciplines with a foundation of Christian ethics. This 100% online PhD in economics program allows you to learn from established leaders in economic policy-making.

• Courses : Economic policy studies, economics & public policy, policy analysis & research design
• Credits : 60
• Duration : 3 years
• Tuition : $595 per hour
• Financial assistance : Grants, scholarships, and loans.
• Acceptance rate : 50.1%
• Location : Lynchburg, Virginia

Atlantic International University, School of Business and Economics

Doctor of Economics

AIU is a primarily online university that emphasizes freedom of inquiry and free thought exchange between students and faculty. This PhD in economics online degree aims to help students who want to pursue research or teaching in economics or business.

• Courses : Economics of growth & development, microeconomic research, mathematics for economists
• Tuition : Refer tuition page
• Financial assistance : Scholarships
• Acceptance rate : N/A
• Location : Honolulu, Hawaii

Bircham International University

Doctor – Economic Science

Bircham International University is a global educational institution with a decentralized structure offering higher education programs in many languages. The university’s PhD economics distance learning program helps students develop a deep understanding of how people see value in the production, consumption, and distribution of goods and services.

• Courses : Micro- and macroeconomics, capital markets, economic analysis.
• Credits : 45-72
• Duration : 24 months
• Tuition : $7,650 to $12,240
• Location : Miami, Florida

Ottawa University

Doctor of Business Administration

Ottawa University is affiliated with the Ottawa tribe of Oklahoma and the American Baptist Church. It offers a range of online programs to mold students into valuable leaders. This distance PhD economics program is mostly online but requires six two-day residencies. Finally, the program offers courses in strategy, capital management, and finance with a focus on economics.

• Courses : Finance value generation strategy, strategic human capital management, informed decision-making
• Credits : 56
• Cost : $4,887 per semester
• Acceptance rate : 70.3%
• Location : Ottawa, Kansas

California Baptist University

California Baptist University is a non-profit, private university that ranks #34  of the best western regional colleges. Although not an entirely online doctorate in economics, this DBA program offers courses in economics, especially on applying theories of economics to business.

• Courses : Applying economic theory to business, international business in global markets, and quantitative research
• Duration : 36 months
• Tuition :  $795 per unit
• Financial assistance : Grants, loans
• Acceptance rate : 80.2%
• Location : Riverside, California

Hampton University Online

Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration

Hampton University Online provides opportunities for adults to continue their studies through mostly online means and with a scientific approach. This PhD is a hybrid business administration program that involves two compulsory four-week summer residencies and covers managerial economics as part of the program.

• Courses : Managerial economics, organization theory & practice, organizational behavior
• Credits : 61
• Duration : 3.5 years
• Tuition : $695 per credit
• Financial assistance : Scholarships, grants, work-study, loans, and military benefits.
• Acceptance rate : 36%
• Location : Hampton, Virginia

Marymount University, College of Business, Innovation, Leadership, and Technology (BILT)

Online DBA in Business Intelligence

Marymount University  was ranked #31   by US News & World of all southern regional colleges. This online Doctor of Business Administration is equivalent to an economics PhD online program as you can study economics for business decision-making and courses in strategy with a data-driven approach.

• Courses : Economics for business decision making, using data for business intelligence, and strategy in a changing climate.
• Credits : 36
• Tuition :  $1,140 per credit hour
• Financial assistance : Grants, scholarships, loans, student employment, and assistantships.
• Acceptance rate : 85.3%
• Location : Arlington, Virginia

William Howard Taft University

William Howard Taft University is a leader in distance education and aims to provide affordable and quality education in business, law, education, and other disciplines. This DBA program includes several courses in economics and its application in the business sector.

• Courses : Designing economic business strategies, global economy, and global business practices & challenges.
• Duration : 37 months
• Tuition : $360 per credit
• Financial assistance : Scholarships, grants, military benefits, loans, and employer reimbursement.
• Location : Lakewood, Colorado

Baker College

Baker College was named one of Newsweek’s top American online schools  and offers fully online and hybrid programs in fields such as business, health science, and education. This DBA program has microeconomics and macroeconomics courses and explores how business leaders implement successful global strategies with limited resources.

• Courses : Global financial economy, leading 21st-century organizations, managing in a worldwide context
• Tuition : $915 per credit hour
• Financial assistance : Scholarships, grants, and loans.
• Acceptance rate : 73%
• Location : Owosso, Michigan

What Do I Need to Get a PhD in Economics?

You will likely need an undergraduate or postgraduate degree in economics or a related field to apply for a PhD in economics program. Certain programs may have other prerequisites, so check with the admissions office well in advance of the application deadline.

Once accepted, you’ll have to study various courses in economics, finance, business, management, mathematics, statistics, and strategy to earn your PhD in economics online degree.

Finally, you’ll have to pass examinations and other assessments, including a final qualifying exam. Most programs also have a research component, which means submitting a thesis or dissertation.

Preparing for an Economics Doctorate Program

Our advice? Prepare early for your PhD in economics program.

At the undergraduate level, consider taking more courses in subjects like mathematics, statistics, and calculus. It also helps to work with faculty, conduct undergraduate research, and complete professional internships whenever possible. All this lays the groundwork to prepare you well for a PhD in economics program.

Things to Consider When Choosing an Online PhD Economics Program

The right program for you depends on a range of personal factors. Consider the following when assessing programs to narrow it down:

• Make sure the specializations and subjects offered by the program match your passions and will help you achieve your career goals.
• Review available research options and make sure these also match your goals
• The faculty should have a strong reputation, especially in your field of choice
• Ensure the costs fit your budget or that there are sufficient funding options available
• Look at where past alumni  are now working, and see how this fits with your ideal future

Why Get a Doctorate in Economics?

A doctorate in economics opens doors to some of the best jobs in academia and policy. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, an economist’s median salary  is $105,630. Even better, jobs in the field are expected to grow by 13% from 2020-2030, higher than the average of all occupations.

Jobs and Salaries for Doctors of Economics

A PhD in economics online credential can equip you for roles in business, government, research, and education. Here are some top jobs for graduates, with average salaries for each:

• Economist ( $79,352 )
• Statistician ( $78,596 )
• Financial Manager ( $96,045 )
• Urban Planner ( $59,309 )
• Financial Analyst ( $63,195 )

What Is the Average Cost of a PhD in Economics?

According to the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), the average tuition for a PhD in economics program  is $19,749 per year. You can expect to pay around $12,500 for public university programs and $26,621 for private. Keep in mind these figures only cover tuition – you’ll also need to pay for books, technology fees, and other educational expenses.

How Long Does it Take to Get a PhD in Economics?

Typically, a PhD in economics takes 4-6 years to complete. However, you may be able to complete a doctorate in three or even two years at some universities, especially with an online PhD.

What Skills Do You Gain From a PhD in Economics?

First and foremost, you’ll gain strong mathematical, statistical, and analytical skills as part of your doctorate in economics. You’ll also learn to apply economic concepts and modeling to address issues in business, government, finance spaces. Finally, economics PHD grads gain expertise in writing, presentation, communication, and problem-solving.

Facts and Statistics about Economics PhD Holders

According to Brookings, universities awarded 1,216 PhDs in economics  in 2020 —  66% to men and 34% to women. Foreign students with temporary visas earned around 60% of the doctorates.

Among the permanent residents who got doctorates in economics, 4.9% were black and 71.8% white, with the remaining graduates of Asian, Hispanic, and other descent.

Final Thoughts

Compared to online PhDs  from other disciplines, you won’t find as many online PhD economics programs. However, you can find related programs, like online Doctor of Business Administration ( DBA ) or accounting  with an emphasis on economics-related subjects like microeconomics and macroeconomics. This is a good substitute if your preferred university doesn’t offer a PhD economics online degree.

Considering other business-related PhD programs? Keep a clear path toward a lucrative career with our list of the highest paying PhDs .

Frequently Asked Questions

Can you get a phd in economics online.

Yes – some universities offer online PhD economics programs that you can complete online. Many of these online programs can be completed in as little as three years.

Is an Economics PhD Worth It?

A PhD in economics is one of today’s most sought-after qualifications. Economists are in high demand and have an annual median salary of $105,630 , with prospects even greater for graduates with a PhD.

How Many Years is a PhD in Economics?

A PhD in economics takes 3-6 years to complete.

Lisa Marlin

Lisa is a full-time writer specializing in career advice, further education, and personal development. She works from all over the world, and when not writing you'll find her hiking, practicing yoga, or enjoying a glass of Malbec.

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Find Online PhD in Economics Programs in 2023

Is your goal to become a top leader in the world of economics? See what it takes to get there by finding the online PhD in economics program that best suits your academic and career goals.

Search hundreds of schools for the master's YOU want......

The demand for economic professionals with a PhD in economics is rising across various fields, including business, finance, academics, and research. To meet this demand, colleges and universities are offering online PhD in economics programs that provide flexibility and convenience for students. As a result, there is a growing number of fully accredited online and blended PhD in economics programs that provide high-quality education. If you’re interested in moving into a career that places you in the very top of the economics profession, you’ll need to answer several important questions, including:

Do I need to earn a PhD in economics to reach my career goals? How can I fit a degree program into my busy work and life schedules? Which PhD in economics program is right for me?

By reading this guide, you can find answers to all of your questions regarding online PhD in economics programs. You will be able to explore the top programs currently available and discover how to select the best program to suit your needs.

Programs that might interest you:

Best Online PhD in Economics Programs for 2023

Selecting the best PhD in economics program to meet your academic and career goals, study preferences, and busy lifestyle is crucial to your success, regardless of whether you choose to complete your degree online or on-campus. It is important to take the time to assess your individual situation and explore the various available degree programs. To help you get started with your program search, we have highlighted some online doctorate programs in economics that provide insight into the cost, study formats, admissions and academic requirements, and other important factors.

Online Economics PhD Spotlight: Liberty University

Liberty University’s PhD in economic policy is designed for students interested in economics policy as it relates to the public interest on both the national and global levels. Study is focused on developing student expertise in economic politics, as well research and policymaking skills. The program is offered 100% online, including a dissertation that is presented and defended virtually. The average completion time for all degree requirements, including dissertation, is three years.

• The cost of this 60-credit hour program is $595 per credit.
• Students can save on program costs by transferring in up to 30 previously earned credits.
• Admissions requirements include a master’s degree earned with a minimum 3.0 GPA. Students with a master’s GPA below 3.0 may be admitted under caution.

Benefits of the Online PhD in Economics

Earning your PhD in economics online has numerous benefits, especially for busy working adults, including flexibility and convenience. Online programs offer customized curriculums, specialization options, and easy access to coursework, making it easier to balance academic pursuits with work and personal responsibilities. Below are two of the biggest conveniences of online doctorate in economics programs:

Individualized study pace Doctorate degree programs typically consist of two stages: pre-candidacy and candidacy. The time it takes to complete both of these stages, particularly the candidacy state, varies from student to student. This is due mostly to a combination of the time required to complete research on the specific dissertation subject and the amount of time the individual student can devote to his or her academic studies.

Online programs accommodate these issues by offering both full-time and part-time study options and generous completion times. It’s not unusual, for example, for online doctorate students to be allowed as much as six years or more to complete all of their program requirements. As always, it’s important to gain a clear understanding of the specific program completion length requirements of any degree program you’re considering.

Asynchronous coursework Asynchronous coursework can be completed anytime. You can access course content, like reading assignments and lectures, at times that fit your schedule. Some programs may include an occasional lecture or activity that must be attended at a specific time. All programs still have deadlines for assignments and tests. Still, you’ll be able to complete the bulk of your coursework at times most convenient to you.

Types of Online PhD in Economics Programs

Another very important feature of online learning has to do with study formats. There are two basic types of online study formats available: fully online and partially online. Here’s what to expect from both:

Fully online

Online PhD in economics programs are typically presented in 100% online formats, allowing students to complete all coursework and program requirements via distance learning. This includes lectures, readings, assignments, and tests, as well as access to support services such as academic, career, and personal counseling.

When considering an online PhD in economics program, be sure to carefully review program requirements to ensure that the program is fully online, as some programs may have in-person components like orientations or residencies that are not fully virtual.

Partially online

A partially online PhD in economics program may include both online coursework and in-person components, such as on-campus orientations, seminars, residencies, and dissertation presentations and defenses. Be sure to clarify the program’s requirements to ensure it meets your needs.

Timeline: Online Economics PhD

PhD in economics programs, like those for other majors, consist of two basic stages.

Pre-candidacy: Students complete foundational coursework in research skills and advanced major-specific topics, culminating in general comprehensive examinations qualifying the student to advance to degree candidacy.

Candidacy: Consists mainly of the completion, presentation, and defense of the candidate’s dissertation. The total time required to complete both stages can be as long as six years or more. On the shorter end, some programs offer fast-track options that allow students to complete their doctorate in economics in as little as three years or less.

The timeline below provides a look at the year-by-year progression for completion of a typical PhD in economics degree program. The actual course of progression you’ll take will vary depending on your particular program, so be sure you’re aware of the specific progression requirements and time-limits of any program you’re considering before enrollment.

First-year curriculums center on coursework that develops the student’s core analytic skills in microeconomics, macroeconomics, econometrics, mathematics, and research methods. Elective courses in specialized subjects of interest to the student may be included. Progress is measured in course grades, culminating with year-end qualifying exams. Only students meeting minimum stated GPAs on their exams will be permitted to continue into the second year of studies. Students may be required to work with faculty members as research assistants.

In the second year of a typical PhD in economics program, students focus on specialized areas of economics and complete a research project, either with faculty supervision or as a research assistant. The year culminates with qualifying exams and preparation for the candidacy stage and dissertation work.

If they haven’t already, students complete the exams required to advance to candidacy and begin the dissertation process. Students attend workshops and seminars and work on dissertation research and writing. They’ll also typically complete their research projects fairly early in the year and present them in a seminar or other program-related setting. Fast-track students in three-year programs will, of course, be on the “fast-track” this year, completing all degree requirements and graduating on to their careers.

Year 4 and beyond

At this point, it’s all about the dissertation. The number of years it will take to complete your dissertation depends on several factors, like the dissertation’s subject matter and nature of the necessary research, but mostly on the amount of time you have to devote to dissertation work.

The dissertation process is the culmination of the PhD in economics program and begins with the submission of a dissertation proposal for approval by a faculty committee. Students then conduct research and write the dissertation under the guidance of a faculty advisor, with the final step being an oral presentation and defense of the dissertation before the committee.

PhD in Economics Learning Outcomes

A learning outcome statement is an essential component of any doctorate in economics degree program, and it outlines the fundamental knowledge, key concepts, competencies, and practical skills that students will acquire upon completion of the program. You can usually find a program’s learning outcome statement on the degree program’s website, but if you can’t find one, you can always contact the program directly to request it.

Below are five learning outcomes similar to ones you can expect to find in your program’s learning outcome statement:

Economic theory A developed understanding of advanced economic theory and principles related to core fields of microeconomics and macroeconomics, including a mastery of all relevant historical and current scholarly research and literature. Attained breath of knowledge in economic institutions and empirics, as well as advanced expertise in one or more areas of specialization.

Research Developed strong foundational knowledge of both established and current advanced research methods and practices, as well as specialized skills applicable to the student’s chosen field of economics research. Students will be able to create, develop, conduct, and present high-quality research projects suitable for publication in academic books and journals, as well as for use in both academic and non-academic settings.

Mathematics and statistics A developed understanding and demonstrated mastery of advanced mathematical and statistical concepts, tools, and techniques as employed in the economics field. Ability to apply mathematical and statistical methodology to scholarly work both within and outside of academic settings.

Communications Developed communications skills, both oral and written that allow the graduate to effectively present their work in the full range of presentation environments, including governmental agencies, non-governmental policy and research organizations, private businesses and non-profit organizations, as well as in the classroom and other academic settings.

Teaching Developed teaching and assessment methods to assure effective learning in college-level classrooms and in one-on-one interactions with students. Ability to create effective course syllabi, lectures, and presentations, and lead class discussions that support and facilitate learning. Developed skills in the evaluation of learning outcomes and in giving constructive feedback to students.

Specialization in Economics: Making Your Degree More Valuable by Focusing Your Studies

Choosing a specialization is a key component of a PhD in economics, with many programs requiring students to select one or two areas of focus. Specializations allow students to tailor their academic work to their unique interests within the economics field and prepare for careers in those specialized areas.

Below are examples of five specializations currently offered by PhD in economics programs that you may be able to incorporate into your degree studies:

Econometrics

Econometrics is the area of economics that concerns the quantitative use of mathematical and statistical models in describing economic systems. Students learn about the history of econometrics and methodologies employed in econometric practice.

Health Economics

This specialization focuses on the application of economic theories and empirical methods of analysis to a range of health and healthcare issues and subjects, including patient care, provider and insurer policies and practices, evaluation of health care interventions, and more.

International Economics

Students choosing this specialization will focus on the application of economic theory and methodologies as they apply to a range of international economics topics, including international business, international development, and finance.

The labor specialization focuses on labor and workforce issues and challenges in business operations, such as pay and benefits, employee recruitment and retention, and legal and public policy issues.

Public Economics and Public Policy

This specialization concerns the subjects of governmental policy and economics of the firm, and how they relate to one another. Topics covered include, international markets and finance, trade and migration, environmental economics, and others.

Accreditation & Online PhDs in Economics

Postsecondary accreditation is the process of acknowledging that a school or degree program has fulfilled and upholds specific minimum education criteria. It is crucial to ensure that a PhD program in economics has proper accreditation to ensure that the curriculum and support services offered meet the necessary standards, providing you with a strong educational foundation for a successful career. Therefore, it is highly recommended to only consider online PhD programs in economics that are properly accredited.

Accreditation in the U.S. comes in two basic types: institutional accreditation and programmatic accreditation. Institutional accreditation most commonly applies to the entire college or university and indicates that each entity within the institution contributes to meeting its overall objectives. In the U.S., institutional accreditation is provided by a number of accrediting agencies approved by the Department of Education .

Programmatic accreditation is typically focused on assessing specific degree programs and departments within a larger institution. Although certain business schools and departments that offer PhD programs in economics may be accredited, there is currently no programmatic accreditation exclusively for doctoral programs in economics in the United States.

Applying to an Economics PhD Online

It is not surprising to discover that the majority of both online and on-campus PhD programs in economics share similar admission requirements. These requirements typically include a previously obtained degree in economics or a related field, minimum GPA standards for prior college coursework, resumes, personal statements, letters of recommendation, and proof of English language proficiency for international applicants. However, some unexpected admissions requirements can also significantly impact your chances of being accepted into the program. Here are three of the most important that you should know about:

Previously earned degree

All PhD in economics degree programs require applicants to hold a previously earned degree from a properly accredited program. In most cases, this will be a master’s degree. Some programs, however, require only a bachelor’s degree. Acceptance with only a bachelor’s degree may include additional admissions requirements.

Prerequisite coursework

Doctorate in economics programs often require applicants to have completed one or more undergraduate or graduate courses in subjects like microeconomics, macroeconomics, statistics, and calculus prior to acceptance into the program. Most applicants will have completed these courses as part of their master’s programs. If you haven’t, speak with an admissions counselor to see if you can take the courses in the initial term of the PhD program.

Real-world experience

Whether or not it’s an actual stated requirement, admissions committees prefer candidates who come into their programs with real-world experience, particularly in those areas of economics that correspond to the degree specializations they offer. So, be sure to emphasize your experience in your resume/CV and personal statements.

Tuition & Fees

The costs associated with obtaining any college degree, including a PhD in economics, are substantial. This is true whether you’re pursuing your degree online or in a traditional campus setting. These costs can vary significantly from program to program depending on such elements as the total credits required after factoring in previously-earned credits transferred into the program, and whether the school offering the program is public or private.

The table below offers current tuition rates for four PhD in economics programs, including some with on-campus formats. Bear in mind, however, that these are tuition figures only, and the actual cost of your program will be different due to additional items than can add to your costs (like fees and charges, out-of-state residency, books and supplies, computers, and Wi-Fi), as well as items that can lower total costs (like savings on campus-related expenses such as transportation and parking).

NOTE: Don’t let the numbers above intimidate you. Many colleges and universities offering online doctorates in economics offer a range of financial aid and assistance opportunities to students, some of which are available to all students enrolled in the program. Examples include school-sponsored scholarships and grants, enrollment incentive discounts, tuition discounts for members of special interest groups like active military and veterans, and full-time students. In light of these potential program cost cutters, consider the above tuition figures as merely a starting point when calculating the total costs of any PhD in economics program you’re considering.

Salaries for Economics PhDs

According to the most recent data from payscale.com , the estimated average salary for PhD in economics degree holders is $98,394. For comparison, PayScale.com’s current comparable salary figure for MS in economics degree holders is $80,092. Of course, what you will actually earn with your degree depends on several variables, most notably work experience, geographic location, and specific job title. The table below offers a look at recent payscale.com salary figures for three job titles commonly occupied by PhD in economics graduates. These figures do not include additional payments, such as bonuses, profit sharing, and 401(k) match.

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Best Online Doctorates in Economics: Top PhD Programs, Career Paths, and Salary

The best online PhD in Economics offers a broad, comprehensive knowledge of how economics affects the global landscape. An online program at the doctoral level in economics provides graduates with the advanced analytical and critical thinking skills they need to build successful careers in banking, government, politics, healthcare, insurance, and non-profit sectors.

If you are looking to get an online PhD in Economics, then this article is for you. This guide contains a list of the best schools you can earn your economics PhD online, their admission requirements and tuition, as well as the economics jobs you’ll qualify for after graduating from business school.

Find your bootcamp match

Can you get a phd in economics online.

Yes, you can get a PhD in Economics online. Online degree programs offer students the opportunity to earn an economics doctoral degree without the inconvenience of taking physical classes on the university campus. Online graduate programs are a great choice for students who are restricted by geographical location or who prefer to take online classes.

Is an Online PhD Respected?

Yes, an online PhD is respected. They have the same coursework, curriculum, and degree requirements as in-person degrees. A survey by the Society for Human Resources Management on hiring practices and attitudes reported that 55 percent of organizations would not give preference to a candidate with an in-person degree over one with an online degree if both had the same job experience.

That being said, students need to ensure that they get their online degrees from an accredited online school . Accreditation demonstrates that a school meets the minimum acceptable academic standards set by an external accreditation body to be able to offer academic degrees. Checking a school’s accreditation status before beginning the application process is recommended.

What Is the Best Online PhD Program in Economics?

The best online PhD program in economics is the PhD in Public Policy – Economic Policy offered by Liberty University. Out of all the online doctoral degree programs on our list, Liberty University’s PhD in Public Policy – Economic Policy’s high-quality curriculum and faculty stand out among the others.

Why Liberty University Has the Best Online PhD Program in Economics

Liberty University has the best online economics PhD program because of its well-rounded curriculum, giving students a comprehensive understanding of national and global public and economic policies. Students take classes taught by industry leaders and experienced policymakers and take high-level courses in public and economic theory and policy, policy analysis, and research design.

Best Online Master’s Degrees

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Online PhD in Economics Admission Requirements

The typical admission requirements for an online PhD in Economics are a Master’s Degree in Economics or in a related field from an accredited institution with a minimum cumulative GPA of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale. Other common requirements include recommendation letters, an interview, your resume, a statement of purpose or personal statement, and professional work experience.

While the specific requirements will differ from one school to the next, prospective students are always required to submit their unofficial or official transcripts of all of their undergraduate and graduate coursework. Although some schools have waived this due to the pandemic, many require students to submit GMAT or GRE test scores as part of the application process.

• A Master’s Degree in Economics or in a related field from an accredited institution
• A minimum cumulative GPA of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale
• Three letters of recommendation
• A copy of your resume
• A statement of purpose or personal statement
• Professional work experience
• Your GMAT or GRE test scores
• An online interview

Best Online PhDs in Economics: Top Degree Program Details

Best online phds in economics: top university programs to get a phd in economics online.

The top university programs to get a PhD in Economics online are able to let students benefit from experiencing diverse cultures and learning from a high-quality curriculum with many research opportunities without having to relocate. It is a great option for students who want to balance school with work, family, or other personal commitments. Here are the best online PhDs in Economics.

California Baptist University was founded in 1950 and is located in the city of Riverside in Southern California. This private, Christian university offers a wide variety of bachelor’s, master’s, doctoral and associate degrees , as well as certificate programs in an in-person and online format.

Doctor of Business Administration

The online Doctor of Business Administration at California Baptist University is a 56-credit-hour doctorate program that equips students with the specialized skills and insights needed to achieve their career goals. Students will gain the tools and theoretical foundation to carry out research and develop actionable plans with the goal of solving complex business problems.

Doctor of Business Administration Overview

• Accreditation: Western Association of Schools and Colleges Senior College and University Commission
• Program Length: 3 years
• Acceptance Rate: N/A
• Tuition and Fees: $795/credit 

Doctor of Business Administration Admission Requirements

• A Master’s Degree in Business Administration from an accredited institution
• A copy of your resume with your work experience and education, and your leadership, professional and scholarly activities
• Meeting the professional guidelines set by the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP)
• Your official transcripts

Hampton University , founded in 1861, is a dynamic institution of higher learning offering a wide range of technical, liberal, and arts degree programs at all education levels. Its 97 degree programs can be found in different fields of study, including business, engineering and technology, nursing, pharmacy, science, and liberal arts.

Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration

This is a 60-credit-hour program for students aspiring to become consultants, researchers, and academicians in leadership roles in the industry. It is a hybrid program with two compulsory four-week summer residencies. Students take core courses in managerial economics, quantitative business analysis, and accounting.

Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration Overview

• Accreditation: Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
• Tuition and Fees: $695/credit 

Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration Admission Requirements

• A master’s degree from an accredited institution. Prerequisite courses may have to be taken depending on the master’s degree held
• A copy of your resume with at least three years of work experience relevant to the field of study
• A GMAT score of at least 400
• A written Statement of Career Plans or Professional Plans
• Your official transcripts 

Liberty University was founded in 1971 in Lynchburg, Virginia and is a private, Christian college offering world-class education. It has a total enrollment of over 100,000 students across its over 700 programs at all educational levels, including doctoral programs. The majority of its students are enrolled in online courses, making it one of the largest distance learning institutions in the country.

PhD in Public Policy - Economic Policy

This is a 60-credit hour program for students wanting to learn how to better serve the public interest and create actionable solutions to today’s global economic challenges. It provides the specialized knowledge that students need to land leadership job roles in government, consulting, and international organizations.

PhD in Public Policy - Economic Policy Overview

• Accreditation: Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges 
• Tuition and Fees: $595/credit 

PhD in Public Policy - Economic Policy Admission Requirements

• Complete and submit an online application form
• A master’s degree with a minimum GPA of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale
• Pay a non-refundable $50 application fee
• Submit your official undergraduate and graduate transcripts

Marymount University is a private catholic university founded in 1950. Ranked 38th among the best southern regional universities by US News & World Report, it has over 4,000 students enrolled in its wide range of bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degree programs. Marymount combines theory with experiential learning to provide its students with valuable education, leading them to gratifying careers.

Online Doctor of Business Administration in Business Intelligence

Offered by Marymount’s College of Business, Innovation, Leadership, and Technology, this 36-credit program introduces students to real-world business intelligence tools currently used by professionals in leadership positions. Students develop analytical, higher-order thinking, and research skills and work on a doctoral research project that attempts to solve real-world issues.

Online Doctor of Business Administration in Business Intelligence Overview

• Accreditation: Southern Associations of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges 
• Tuition and Fees: $1,140/credit 

Online Doctor of Business Administration in Business Intelligence Admission Requirements

• A completed online application
• A master’s degree in a business or IT related field
• Five to 10 years of work experience
• A minimum GPA of 3.5
• A statement of research background and interest
• A writing sample

Founded in 1947 and headquartered in College Park, Maryland, the University of Maryland - Global Campus (UMGC) is the online division of the University System of Maryland. UMGC first began offering online courses in the mid-1990s and is now home to a wide range of bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral programs obtainable fully online.

PhD in Business Administration

This 48-credit program provides its students with a solid foundation in economic theory and statistical methods. Offering advanced courses in data analytics, management solutions, and research methods, this terminal degree requires the completion of a 12-credit dissertation project.

PhD in Business Administration Overview

• Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education
• Acceptance Rate: NA
• Tuition and Fees: $1,087/credit 

PhD in Business Administration Admission Requirements

• Completed the Foundation of Doctoral Studies course with a minimum B grade
• Completion of UMGC’s online admission application
• A master’s degree
• Two professional references
• A personal statement
• A writing sample (optional)
• An interview, if requested by the UMGC admission committee

Online Economics PhD Graduation Rates: How Hard Is It to Complete an Online PhD Program in Economics?

It is very hard to complete an online PhD in Economics. This can be attributed to the stress students experience, as well as lack of motivation. Those that want to pursue a PhD must be certain that they are academically and financially prepared.

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Economics Online?

It takes about three years to get a PhD in Economics online. Although, it can take as long as seven or eight years, depending on the school’s curriculum, learning pace, and specialization. Over these three years, students need to complete a certain number of courses, pass written or oral exams, and research and write a dissertation on their chosen research topic.

How Hard Is an Online Doctorate in Economics?

An online Doctorate in Economics is very hard. It is a broad, multidisciplinary degree that involves the study of complex business, sociology, mathematics, and accounting topics. Students in an online Doctoral Degree in Economics take advanced courses that require strong skills in critical thinking and complex mathematical models to succeed.

The overall level of difficulty of an online PhD in Economics depends on a student’s academic foundation and their chosen program’s curriculum. Programs offered at universities with a higher reputation or higher school ranking are usually more difficult. That being said, these programs will usually better prepare you for the real world and impress potential employers.

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Best PhD Programs

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What Courses Are in an Online Economics PhD Program?

An online economics PhD program includes courses such as Economic History, Economics and Public Policy, Policy Analysis and Research Design, Introduction to Economic Policy Studies, and Managerial Economics. These courses will prepare you for a long and lucrative career in the industry and equip you with the skills you need.

Main Areas of Study in an Economics PhD Program

• Economic history
• Economics and public policy
• Policy analysis and research design
• Introduction to economic policy studies
• Managerial economics

How Much Does Getting an Online Economics PhD Cost?

It costs around $19,314 per year to get an online PhD in Economics, according to the National  Center for Education Statistics. However, this is a ballpark estimate. The actual amount you will spend to get an online economics PhD largely depends on whether the school is public or private. On top of tuition costs, you also need to consider fees, study material costs, and other miscellaneous expenses.

How to Pay for an Online PhD Program in Economics

You can pay for an online PhD program in economics through an upfront payment, grants and scholarships, employer tuition reimbursement, government loans, and private loans. Students in the Peace Corps, AmeriCorps, and the US Military can also benefit from tuition reduction. For example, Liberty University offers their doctoral degree for $300 per credit for members of the military, which is an almost 50 percent discount.

How to Get an Online PhD for Free

You can’t get an online PhD for free. All legitimate PhD programs charge tuition, and there are no fully funded online PhDs in Economics. That being said, students needing financial aid can inquire about available scholarships and grants offered by their school. Online PhD students can register for the Free Application for Federal Scholarship Aid.

What Is the Most Affordable Online PhD in Economics Degree Program?

The most affordable online PhD in Economics is the PhD in Public Policy – Economic Policy offered by Liberty University. At $595 per credit, this 60-credit program costs a total of $35,700 in tuition. Compared to the most expensive program on our list, which costs approximately $52,000, you could save up to $16,300.

Most Affordable Online PhD Programs in Economics: In Brief

Why you should get an online phd in economics.

You should get an online PhD in Economics because it’ll provide you with specialized knowledge of economics and equip you with the in-demand skills you’ll need to work in leadership positions across the fields of politics, history, business administration, and finance. A PhD is the highest level of education you can get and will give you a leg up over other candidates during the hiring process.

Top Reasons for Getting a PhD in Economics

• Increased job opportunities. A PhD in Economics will make you more attractive to employers looking to fill high-level leadership positions in the industry. PhD graduates have more career options than lower-level degree holders.
• Enhanced earning potential. A PhD in Economics can improve your earning potential. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that PhD holders have a median weekly salary of $1,885. This is higher than the salary for master’s and bachelor’s degree graduates.
• Higher employment rate. The skills and knowledge that economics doctoral degree holders have can qualify them for a wider range of positions. In fact, the US Bureau of Labor Statistics also reports that PhD holders have a higher employment rate than all other degree holders.
• Specialized skills. Getting a PhD will provide you with advanced technical skills in your field of study as well as transferable soft skills. Both of these hard and soft skills are things you need to succeed in the highest possible career after graduation.

Best Master’s Degree Programs

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What Is the Difference Between an On-Campus Economics PhD and an Online PhD in Economics?

The difference between an on-campus economics PhD and an online PhD in Economics is each program’s cost, flexibility, interactivity with faculty and fellow students, and availability of funding. While their course content and curricula may be alike, there are a few differences between an online economics PhD and an on-campus PhD in Economics.

Online PhD vs On-Campus PhD: Key Differences

• Cost. Online doctoral programs usually cost less than on-campus degrees. Not only is the tuition itself usually lower for an online program, but you’ll also avoid needing to pay additional fees related to transportation, student accommodation, and labs or study materials.
• Flexibility. Students in on-campus programs have to be physically present at specific times and locations on the school campus to take classes, while online PhD students can take their classes from the comfort of their homes. Many online courses are also asynchronous and can be taken when convenient.
• Interactivity. Students in an on-campus PhD program enjoy physical interaction with faculty and peers, which can help with learning and motivation. On the other hand, online students have to employ virtual platforms to contact faculty at scheduled times.
• Availability of funding. There are more funding opportunities for on-campus students than students in online programs. On-campus students usually have access to fellowships, teaching assistantships, and research assistantships.

How to Get a PhD in Economics Online: A Step-by-Step Guide

To get a PhD in Economics online, you need to gain admission into an accredited university, complete your course credit requirements, pass all examinations, get your dissertation project topic approved, research your dissertation topic, and defend what you wrote during the final stage of the dissertation process. Doctorate programs take a lot of work to complete, but knowing what to expect will help you prepare.

The first step you need to take to get a PhD in Economics online is to look for schools that offer the program and that offer the specific specialization that you want to study. Afterward, you should review each program’s admissions requirement for prospective students. Once you’ve gathered your application materials, you’re ready to apply to your desired doctorate degree programs.

All doctoral students need to complete a certain number of online courses. Some schools also have residency requirements. While these are less common for online programs, residencies do require in-person attendance. Make sure to review the delivery format of each of the doctoral programs you’re interested in before enrolling.

During your PhD program, you will have to pass certain examinations. These examinations are used by the faculty at graduate schools to track and gauge your progress and understanding of the course material. You won’t be able to graduate without passing your examinations.

As you complete your classes, you will also need to pick a dissertation topic and get it approved by the faculty. Your dissertation is a long-term research project that you must complete along the course of your PhD program. Make sure to pick a topic you’re interested in as it’ll make the research process much more enjoyable.

After getting your topic approved, you will be able to start your research, which you will work on either at the same time as or after your course requirements. You will be asked to demonstrate your progress to your dissertation supervisor many times during your studies. It’s typical for 12 of your required credits to be dedicated to your dissertation.

As you research your dissertation project, you will need to write a paper on your findings under the guidance, support, and supervision of your program’s faculty. Once you’ve completed your research and finished writing your paper, you will need to explain and defend your findings to your program’s faculty. Once you pass, you will be able to get your PhD.

Online PhD in Economics Salary and Job Outlook

Online economics PhD graduates can earn between $77,427 and $153,460 per year, depending on their job title, location, employer, and experience. An online PhD in Economics will provide you with the skillset needed to land high-paying roles in different sectors, including academia, business, finance, government, and politics.

What Can You Do With an Online Doctorate in Economics?

With an online Doctorate in Economics, you can become an economic consultant, postsecondary professor of economics, economist, financial manager, and financial analyst. Some of these roles are high-paying senior-level positions requiring applicants to hold a PhD.

Best Jobs with a PhD in Economics

• Economic Consultant
• Postsecondary Professor of Economics
• Financial Analyst
• Financial Manager

Potential Careers With an Economics Degree

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What Is the Average Salary for an Online PhD Holder in Economics?

The average salary for a PhD holder in Economics is $110,000 per year , according to PayScale. PhD graduates can qualify for a wide range of high-paying positions across many industries. Keep in mind that your actual annual salary can vary depending on factors such as location, years of experience, industry, and position.

Highest-Paying Economics Jobs for PhD Grads

Best economics jobs for online phd holders.

Knowing the best economics jobs for online PhD holders will help you decide whether or not it’s worth it for you to embark on the long journey of earning your PhD. In this section, we’ve  put together a list of the best economics jobs for online PhD holders, a description of what they do, their job outlook, the number of jobs, and the highest-paying states.

Financial managers coordinate banking, accounting, insurance, security, and other financial operations in an organization. Financial management includes ensuring good financial health, monitoring cash flow, managing an organization’s expenses, analyzing profitability, and providing accurate financial information.

• Salary with an Economics PhD: $131,710
• Job Outlook: 17% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 681,070
• Highest-Paying States: New York, Delaware, New Jersey, Colorado, District of Columbia

Economists collect and analyze data to study the relationship between economic resources and the production and distribution of goods and services. They conduct surveys and review economic problems to find actionable solutions. They also advise businesses and organizations on economic issues.

• Salary with an Economics PhD: $105,630
• Job Outlook: 13% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 18,600
• Highest-Paying States: New York, District of Columbia, California, New Hampshire, Illinois

Professors of economics teach in economics departments at a university. They prepare and deliver lectures, examinations, and curricula for undergraduate and graduate economics students. They also conduct research and publish their findings to contribute to the field of economics.

• Salary with an Economics PhD: $96,198
• Job Outlook: 12% growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 1,276,900
• Highest-Paying States: New Hampshire, Montana, California, Indiana, District of Columbia

Financial analysts study current and past financial data and economic trends to gain a better understanding of a company’s financial health. They advise the organization on the best investments to make to help them maximize profits according to the data they’ve studied.

• Salary with an Economics PhD: $81,410
• Job Outlook: 6% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 492,100
• Highest-Paying States: New York, Alaska, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Wyoming

Economic consultants develop plans to improve the policies and operations of the company they work for to increase their economic gains. They conduct surveys and create forecasts to discover economic trends to improve the company’s practices. They also work in the production, budgeting, and accounting department to optimize quality control practices.

• Salary with an Economics PhD: $77,427

Is It Worth It to Do a PhD in Economics Online?

Yes, it is worth it to do a PhD in Economics online because it allows you to get advanced education and expertise in economics from the comfort of your home while preparing you to land high-profile positions where you can make an impact on the world. Economics PhD graduates gain advanced knowledge in the theoretical foundations, methodology, and philosophy of economics.

Additional Reading About Economics

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Online PhD in Economics FAQ

Yes, you can do a PhD in Economics entirely at a distance. An increasing number of schools are beginning to offer completely online economics PhD programs for distance learners. Online degrees are respected by hiring managers as well and are considered as good as in-person degrees.

No, you can not get a PhD in Economics in one year. It usually takes a minimum of three years to complete the graduate degree requirements. This includes the credit requirements and dissertation paper.

Yes, it is possible to do a PhD in Economics without a master’s. Although the typical requirements for a PhD program include having an in-person or online Master’s Degree in Economics or relevant field from an accredited institution, some schools allow students to apply to their PhD program without one.

No, 50 is not too late to get a PhD. There is no age limit in the pursuit of higher education, and you can go back to college at 50 or at any time you want. Anyone can enroll in a PhD program regardless of age. All it takes is the willingness to learn and the determination to succeed. In fact, your work experience can help you get into a PhD program.

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Top 3 Best Online Economics PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)

We rank the best online PhD degree programs in economics.

Key Takeaways

• The PhD in economics degree is a highly prestigious and advanced degree that leads to many professional opportunities.
• Earning an economics doctorate can qualify you to become an economist with influence in public policy, post-secondary education, or research.
• Only a select few accredited graduate schools offer an online economics PhD or related studies.

Featured Programs

The PhD in economics is a highly prestigious degree. However, only a select few schools offer the economics PhD online. Some graduate schools of business offer doctoral or business administration degrees with courses focused on economics.

The PhD in economics is a terminal degree. This means it is the highest degree you can earn in the economics field.

Graduates with an economics doctorate can become economists. Economists enjoy well-paying careers in areas like economics research, public policy consultation, economics education, finance, and corporate executive leadership.

PhD in Economics candidates are typically already working at a high level in their field. This means that students seeking their doctorate must balance existing work and personal responsibilities with a challenging course of education. For many graduate students, online courses and fully online programs provide a way to achieve this balance.

For a look at how these online doctoral programs stack up against traditional on campus programs, check out our look at the The Best Research Universities for Economics Degrees .

Or find out what your options are with a look at our full List of University Rankings .

Otherwise, read on and learn more about how you can earn an online PhD in economics.

About Accredited Online PhD in Economics Degree Programs

Quality and credibility are important when it comes to finding an online PhD. The best online doctorate programs will have proper accreditation:

• Institutional Accreditation : Accreditation is vital for online doctoral programs. It signifies that the online PhD programs offered by the graduate school are in compliance with the standards of a Department of Education-approved accrediting body. A school must also be accredited in order to offer federal financial aid to its online doctorate candidates.

When looking for an online doctoral program, seek out options with accreditation from a colleges and schools commission in your region. This stamp of approval is critical for ensuring the quality and credibility of your online program.

• Programmatic Accreditation : In addition to institutional accreditation, consider online doctorate degree programs with programmatic accreditation. In many cases, the preferred specialized accreditation for economics degrees will be the same as that preferred for business administration degrees.

Look for doctoral programs with accreditation from the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). This is generally an indication of credibility to prospective employers.

• Carnegie Classification : The Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, or as it is more commonly known, the Carnegie Classification, is a framework for categorizing all accredited, degree-granting institutions in the United States. Originally formulated in 1970 by The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, and administered through the University of Indiana’s Center for Postsecondary Research since 2014, the Carnegie Classification is “the leading framework for recognizing and describing institutional diversity in U.S. higher education.”

Under this classification, top research universities for doctoral degrees and PhD candidates are identified as either R2: Doctoral Universities for “high research activity” or R1: Doctoral Universities for “very high research activity.” Look for these classifications when considering options for your online Phd programs.

Key Point: The best online doctoral programs will have both institutional and programmatic accreditation.

Admission Requirements

Schools that offer online doctorate programs have different admission requirements. However, most online doctoral programs will carry the same basic threshold for admission:

• A completed online application
• Official undergraduate college transcripts
• A cumulative GPA of at least 3.0
• GRE scores, MAT scores, or GMAT scores
• Letters of recommendation
• Personal interviews
• Personal statement or essay
• Plan of study

Key Point: In most cases, you’ll be eligible to enter a doctoral degree online after earning a bachelor’s degree. However, some specialized online PhD programs may require you to have earned a master’s degree as well.

Curriculum and Courses

As with other advanced degree and graduate programs, research is the central component of your online PhD in economics program. This is true for fully online doctorate degrees as well as hybrid degrees combining online education with traditional on-campus courses. Regardless of whether you complete a traditional, hybrid or online doctoral program, the typical time to completion is three to six years.

The typical components of your online PhD program may include:

Foundational Courses

Foundational courses will typically focus on introductory topics like economic theory, models of economic analysis, economic history, international business, financial economics, and more.

You will also take courses focused on practicing your critical thinking and research skills. You may be able to complete many of these requirements online through your distance learning program.

Examinations for PhD Candidacy

Many online doctoral students are required to complete certain examinations to enter into online PhD candidacy. This will typically occur after you’ve completed one to two years of foundational courses.

Dissertation

In most cases, the central component of your online economics PhD program will be your dissertation research. After gaining status as an online PhD candidate, you will typically work closely with a professorial advisor or mentor to develop an original research question.

This research question will form the basis of your dissertation—an ongoing project designed to address this question through applied research and the demonstration of advanced knowledge. While you will work closely with your advisor or mentor, much of your dissertation will be rooted in your ability to conduct research independently. This is especially true for students pursuing an online PhD.

Oral Defense

Upon completion of the written portion of your dissertation—which will typically present the findings from your original research project—you will be expected to defend your findings. This “oral defense” will typically be conducted by a commission of professors and experts in your field. PhD candidates in some online degree programs may be able to conduct this defense via teleconferencing.

Teaching Requirements

Some online PhD programs will also include a teaching component, which will require you to work as an adjunct professor or teacher’s assistant in an undergraduate or graduate school. It may be possible for students in the online doctoral degree program to also serve teaching requirements by instructing online students.

Key Point: The online doctor of economics degree program is a research-focused degree. Your dissertation will be a central part of earning your economics degree online.

Careers for Students Who Earn Their Doctoral Degree in Economics Online

The PhD in economics is a terminal degree program. This means that students who complete credible online doctoral programs in economics are generally eligible for top positions and opportunities in their field.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , the top 10% of earners among economists earned more than $193,000 in 2021. Many of these top earners worked in fields like finance, insurance, federal governance, technical consulting services, and more.

PhDs in economics are also more likely to be sought out by prestigious international organizations for leadership and consultation opportunities.

These higher earnings reflect the high demand for qualified PhDs in economics in the following fields:

• Federal Government
• Scientific and Technical Consulting Services
• Management Consulting
• Public Policy Consultation
• Economic Theory Research
• Post-Secondary Education
• Corporate Executive Leadership

Key Points: According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, students who complete the economics doctorate program will be eligible for top-paying roles in finance, insurance, public policy, and more.

What’s the difference between online doctoral programs and online PhD programs?

Technically, a PhD is a type of doctorate degree. This means that all online PhD candidates are doctoral students. By contrast, not all doctoral students are PhD candidates.

The primary distinction is that doctoral students are primarily focused on putting existing theories into practice. Depending on your chosen field, your online doctoral degree may require participation in an educational leadership program, engagement in clinical practice, work as a resident in a nursing program, and much more.

By contrast, online PhD students are focused on creating new knowledge in their area of study. This usually means that online PhD candidates are focused on introducing new theories, creating research projects around these theories, and presenting new findings that demonstrate a mastery of existing knowledge and the insight to introduce new ideas into the field.

Today, more working professionals than ever before are pursuing both online doctoral degrees and online Phd programs.

The Best Online Economics Doctorates (PhDs)

The online PhD in economics programs identified here are ranked based on influence, with weighting for graduation rate and full-time online enrollment. Also included are online Doctorate of Business Administration (DBA) degrees courses focused on economics and related topics.

Hampton University

• #4 Best Private Colleges in Virginia 2024
• #8 Best Research Universities in Virginia 2024
• #9 Best Grad Schools in Virginia 2024
• #2 Top 16 Most Affordable Online Counseling PhDs (Doctorates)
• #2 Top 10 Best Online Counseling PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #2 Best Online Associate Degrees in Virginia 2024
• #2 Best Online Associate in Business Management
• #2 Best Online Associate in Business Administration
• #3 Top 20 Most Affordable Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Programs
• #4 Best Online Colleges in Virginia 2024
• #5 Top 15 Fastest Accelerated Online Counseling Doctorates (PhDs)
• #5 Best HBCU Online Programs
• #5 Most Affordable Online PhDs in Psychology Ranked for 2024
• #6 Best Online Bachelor's in Law and Legal Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #6 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Business Administration Doctorates
• #7 Best Online Master's Programs in Virginia 2024
• #8 Best Online Bachelor's in Religious Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #8 Best Online Associate in General Studies
• #8 Best Online Master's in Sports Management
• #9 How To Get an Online Master’s Degree in Biblical Studies
• #12 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students
• #14 Best Online Bachelor's in Organizational Leadership Degree Programs
• #16 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
• #19 Best Online Associate in Biblical Studies
• #25 Best Online Master’s in Counseling
• #5 10 Best Accelerated Online PhD Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
• #16 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Tuition + fees

Student body

Median SAT/ACT

What do we love about Hampton University?

Hampton University is a private HBCU based in Hampton, Virginia. Founded in 1868 by a joint commission of Black and White leaders, Hampton was established with the mission of educating freedmen in the immediate aftermath of the U.S. Civil War.

Today, Hampton University is home to 16 leading research facilities, including the largest free-standing Proton Therapy Institute in the world.

Among its numerous post-graduate programs, Hampton University offers an online Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration , which includes noteworthy courses in areas like Managerial Economics, Empirical Research Methods, and Advanced Topics in Research.

Wish to attend an HBCU that consistently ranks among the top ten Historically Black institutions.

Prefer a college with a major athletics program.

Liberty University

• #2 Best Christian Colleges in Virginia 2024
• #3 Best Private Colleges in Virginia 2024
• #7 Best Research Universities in Virginia 2024
• #7 Best Grad Schools in Virginia 2024
• #9 Best Colleges in Virginia 2024
• #19 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
• #21 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
• #1 Best Online Associate Degree Programs That Can Be Completed in 1 Year
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Math Degree Programs Ranked for Students
• #1 Top 10 Best Online Counseling PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #1 Best Online Associate Degrees in Virginia 2024
• #1 Best Online Colleges in Virginia 2024
• #1 Best Online Associate in Economics
• #1 Best Online Associate in Philosophy
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Music Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #1 Top 15 Most Affordable Online Economics PhD Programs (Doctorates) 2024
• #1 Most Affordable Online PhDs in Psychology Ranked for 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Christian Counseling Degree Programs
• #1 Best Online Associate in Education
• #1 Best Online Associate in Mathematics
• #1 Top 10 Best Online Bachelor's of Nursing (BSN) Programs
• #2 Accelerated Online Business Administration PhD Programs (Doctorates)
• #2 10 Best Online Bachelor's of Forensic Psychology Programs
• #2 Best Online Associate in Early Childhood Education
• #2 How To Get an Online Master’s Degree in Biblical Studies
• #2 Top 10 Best Online Master's of Psychology Degree Programs 2024
• #2 Best Online Bachelor's in Religious Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #2 Best Online Bachelor’s in Public Administration Degree Programs for 2024
• #2 15 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Psychology Programs
• #2 Best Online Associate in Biblical Studies
• #2 Fastest Accelerated Online Bachelor's of Information Technology
• #3 10 Fastest Accelerated Online Bachelor's of English
• #3 Best Online Bachelor's in Cybersecurity in Virginia
• #3 Best Online Degrees for a Career in Teaching Ranked 2024
• #3 Best Online History Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #3 Best Online Bachelor’s of Christian Ministry Degree Programs for 2024
• #3 Best Online Master's in Theology
• #3 Best Online Associate in Paralegal Studies
• #3 Top 5 Best Online Criminal Justice Doctorates (PhDs) 2024
• #3 Fastest Accelerated Online Healthcare Administration Masters
• #3 Best Online Bachelor's in Cybersecurity in the District Of Columbia
• #3 Most Affordable Online Criminal Justice PhDs (Doctorates)
• #3 Fastest Accelerated Online Bachelor's of Cybersecurity
• #4 Top 16 Most Affordable Online Counseling PhDs (Doctorates)
• #4 Best Online Associate in Accounting
• #4 Best Online MBA Programs in Virginia
• #4 Best Online Bachelor's in Cybersecurity in Illinois
• #4 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #4 Best Online Doctorate in Organizational Leadership Degree Programs
• #4 Top 8 Fastest Accelerated Online Psychology Doctorates (PhDs)
• #4 Most Affordable Online PhD Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
• #4 Top 15 Most Affordable Online Information Technology PhD Programs
• #4 Best Online Associate in Psychology
• #4 Best Online Bachelor’s of Elementary Education Degree Programs for 2024
• #5 Top 20 Easiest Online Degrees from Accredited Schools in 2024
• #5 Top 10 Fastest Accelerated Online PhD in Criminal Justice (Doctorates)
• #5 Best Online Master's Programs in Virginia 2024
• #5 Best Online Bachelor’s in Biblical Studies
• #5 Fastest Accelerated Online Doctorate of Information Technology
• #6 Best Online Bachelor's of English Degree Programs for 2024
• #6 10 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Accounting Programs
• #6 Best Online Bachelor’s of Graphic Arts Degree Programs for 2024
• #6 Best Online Master’s in Biblical Studies
• #6 Best Online Bachelor's in Strategic Communications Degree Programs
• #7 Top 15 Fastest Accelerated Online Counseling Doctorates (PhDs)
• #7 The Best Online Christian Colleges and Universities for Bachelor's Degrees
• #7 Best Online Doctorate of Educational Psychology (PhDs) 2024
• #7 Online Colleges That Start Anytime and the Benefits of a Self-Paced Education
• #8 Best Online Associate in History Degrees
• #8 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Bachelor's of Cybersecurity
• #8 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Business Administration Doctorates
• #8 Top 10 Best Online Communications PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #9 Best Online Bachelor’s of Early Childhood Education Degree Programs for 2024
• #9 Most Unusual Doctoral Degrees You Can Earn Online (PhDs)
• #9 Best Online Bachelor’s of Data Science and Analytics Degree Programs for 2024
• #9 Best Online Bachelor's in Law and Legal Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #9 Best Online Associate's in Physics
• #9 Best Online Bachelor’s of Education Degree Programs for 2024
• #9 Best Online Master's in Biology
• #9 Best Online Associate in Business Administration
• #10 Best Online Bachelor's in Social Work Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #10 Best Online Bachelor’s of Data Science and Analytics Degree Programs for 2024
• #10 Best Online Bachelor's in Interdisciplinary Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #10 Best Online Bachelor's in Network Administration Degree Programs for 2024
• #11 20 Fastest Accelerated Online English Doctorates (PhDs) 2024
• #11 Best Online Doctorate in Business Administration Degree Programs
• #11 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Master's of Nursing Programs
• #11 Best Online Bachelor's of Finance Degree Programs for 2024
• #12 Best Online Bachelor’s of History Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #12 Best Online Master's in Project Management
• #12 Most Affordable Online Applied Behavioral Analysis PhD Programs
• #12 Best Online Master's in Sports Management
• #13 Best Online Bachelor’s of Homeland Security Degree Programs for 2024
• #14 Best Online Bachelor's in Sports Management Degree Programs for 2024
• #14 Best Online Bachelor's of Healthcare Administration Degree Programs for 2024
• #14 Top 18 Most Affordable No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs
• #15 Best Online Christian Colleges and Universities for Master's Degrees
• #16 Best Online Associate in Criminal Justice
• #17 Best Online Bachelor’s in Marketing and Advertising Degree Programs for 2024
• #17 Most Affordable Online Criminology Doctorate Programs (PhDs)
• #18 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Doctorate of Education (PhDs)
• #18 Most Affordable Online Master's Degree Programs Ranked for Students
• #18 Best Online Bachelor's in Computer Science Degree Programs
• #18 Best Online Master’s in Finance
• #20 Best Online Bachelor's in Accounting
• #21 Best Online Bachelor's in Cybersecurity
• #23 Best Online Master’s in Counseling
• #25 Best Online Associate in Christian Ministry
• #25 Best Online Bachelor's of Economics Degree Programs for 2024
• #1 Fastest Accelerated Online Associate's of Counseling Degree Programs
• #2 Fastest Accelerated Online PhDs in Education Degree Programs 2024
• #5 20 Fastest Online Bachelor's of Business Degree Programs Ranked 2024
• #5 Top 20 Fastest Accelerated Online Bachelor's in Counseling
• #6 10 Best Accelerated Online PhD Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
• #6 How to Earn Your Master's Degree Without Your Bachelor's Degree
• #6 Best College Majors that Offer Accelerated Degree Programs
• #8 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Counseling Degree Programs 2024
• #14 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Nursing Degree Programs 2024

What do we love about Liberty University?

Liberty University is one of the largest Christian universities in the world as well as one of the largest private non-profit universities in the U.S. Much of this size is based on its online enrollment.

Liberty University enrolls roughly 15,000 residential students across its 17 colleges, and an additional 80,000 through its extensive online course and degree offerings.

Liberty University is noted for the sheer volume of advanced degrees and online degrees earned by its student body. With more than 47,000 students pursuing advanced degrees, Liberty University offers an extremely wide range of online doctoral programs, including online PhD programs in many different disciplines.

For instance, Liberty University offers an online Doctor of Philosophy in Public Policy with a concentration in Economic Policy . Liberty University’s PhD program is structured to build upon your existing knowledge of economics and provide a deeper look at how the discipline of economics relates to public policy.

Wish to attend the world’s largest seminary—Liberty University’s Rawlings School of Divinity.

Students who do not identify with Evangelical Christianity.

Baker College

• #10 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Cybersecurity
• #20 Best Online Colleges in Michigan 2024
• #24 Best Online Associate Degrees in Michigan 2024
• #17 20 Fastest Online Bachelor's of Business Degree Programs Ranked 2024

Baker College’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Engineering
• Computer Science
• Criminal Justice

What do we love about Baker College?

Baker College was founded in 1911, and established its first campus in Flint, Michigan. Beginning as a for-profit institution called the Baker Business College, Baker would evolve into a non-profit college in 1977.

Today, Baker’s primary campus is located in Owosso, Michigan with another ten satellite campuses throughout the state’s Lower Peninsula region. Nearly 5000 undergraduate and postgraduate students are currently in pursuit of degrees at Baker.

Baker College offers an online Doctor of Business Administration geared toward aspiring international business leaders, featuring courses such as Global Financial Economy, Leading 21st Century Organizations, and Introduction to Research Methods and Design.

Are looking for an accessible academic institution. More than 85% of applicants are accepted into Baker.

Are looking to get involved in campus life. Students indicate that Baker has a limited offering of campus clubs and activities.

Other Options for Aspiring Economists

Students considering an online doctoral in economics should also check out the best on-campus options to compare features like cost, curriculum, acceptance rate, and more.

University of California, Berkeley

• #2 Best Universities in the US Ranked for Prospective Students in 2024
• #2 50 Best Colleges and Universities Ranked for Undergrads in 2024
• #2 Top Schools that Offer Free Master's Degrees Online
• #4 50 Best Graduate Schools Ranked for Prospective Students in 2024
• #5 Best Universities in the World 2024
• #16 50 Best Research Universities Ranked for Undergrads in 2024
• #1 Best Public Colleges California 2024
• #1 Most Affordable Colleges in California 2024
• #2 The Most Influential Universities and Colleges Ranked by State 2024
• #2 Best Colleges in California 2024
• #2 Best Research Universities in California 2024
• #2 Best Grad Schools California 2024
• #2 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
• #3 Best Research Universities for Communications Degrees
• #4 Best Research Universities for Engineering Degrees
• #4 Best Research Universities for Sociology Degrees
• #4 Best Research Universities for Computer Science Degrees
• #4 Best Research Universities for Chemistry Degrees
• #5 Best Research Universities for Anthropology Degrees
• #5 Best Research Universities for Math Degrees
• #6 Best Research Universities for Physics Degrees
• #7 Best Research Universities for English Degrees
• #7 Best Research Universities for History Degrees
• #7 Best Research Universities for Political Science Degrees
• #7 Best Research Universities for Philosophy Degrees
• #8 Best Research Universities for Earth Sciences Degrees
• #8 Best Research Universities for Biology Degrees
• #8 Best Research Universities for Economics Degrees
• #9 Best Research Universities for Psychology Degrees
• #9 Best Research Universities for Religious Studies Degrees
• #1 Best Online History Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #1 Top 5 Best Online Sociology PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates) 2024
• #2 Fastest Accelerated Online Computer Science Doctorates (PhDs)
• #2 Most Affordable Online Computer Science PhDs (Doctorates) 2024
• #2 Top 5 Best Online English PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #2 Top 8 Best Online Public Health PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #3 Top 6 Best Online Clinical Nutrition PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #4 Guide to Free Online Courses for MBA Students in 2024
• #3 Best Schools in the World for Earning an MBA Degree Ranked for 2024
• #9 The Best Traditional MBA Programs Ranked for Students in 2024

Career Outlook for Economics degree at University of California, Berkeley

University of California, Berkeley’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Earth Sciences
• Mathematics
• Anthropology
• Communications

Most Influential Alumni

• Daniel Kahneman
• John Kenneth Galbraith
• Timothy Leary
• Shing-Tung Yau
• Ken Thompson
• Niklaus Wirth
• Douglas Engelbart
• Theodosius Dobzhansky
• Betty Friedan
• George Dantzig
• Octavio Paz
• Gary Snyder

New York University

• #13 Best Universities in the World 2024
• #23 50 Best Research Universities Ranked for Undergrads in 2024
• #2 Best Research Universities in New York 2024
• #2 Best Colleges in New York 2024
• #2 Best Grad Schools in New York 2024
• #2 Best Private Colleges in New York 2024
• #3 The Most Influential Universities and Colleges Ranked by State 2024
• #3 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
• #3 Best Research Universities for Education Degrees
• #7 Best Research Universities for Communications Degrees
• #7 Best Research Universities for Business Degrees
• #8 Best Research Universities for English Degrees
• #8 Best Research Universities for Nursing Degrees
• #12 Best Research Universities for Psychology Degrees
• #12 Best Research Universities for Philosophy Degrees
• #12 Best Research Universities for Economics Degrees
• #14 Best Research Universities for Sociology Degrees
• #15 Best Research Universities for Anthropology Degrees
• #15 Best Research Universities for Religious Studies Degrees
• #15 Best Research Universities for History Degrees
• #15 Best Research Universities for Political Science Degrees
• #15 Best Research Universities for Math Degrees
• #18 Best Research Universities for Computer Science Degrees
• #18 Best Research Universities for Biology Degrees
• #23 Best Research Universities for Engineering Degrees
• #23 Best Research Universities for Physics Degrees
• #1 20 Best Online Master's of Speech Pathology Degree Programs
• #1 Best Online Master's Programs in New York 2024
• #1 Top 10 Best Online Communications PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #1 Best Online Master's Programs 2024
• #1 Top 5 Best Online English PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #2 Best Online Master's in Management
• #2 Top 6 Best Online Clinical Nutrition PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #3 Top 10 Best Online Counseling PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
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• #5 Top 20 Best Business Schools for MBAs Ranked for Students
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New York University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Social Work
• Erich Fromm
• Robert Mueller
• Martha Nussbaum
• John Archibald Wheeler
• Glenn Greenwald
• Howard Zinn
• Eric Kandel
• Lewis Mumford
• Alvin Toffler
• Louis Nirenberg

University of Michigan

• #4 Top Schools that Offer Free Master's Degrees Online
• #9 Best Universities in the US Ranked for Prospective Students in 2024
• #11 50 Best Graduate Schools Ranked for Prospective Students in 2024
• #11 Best Universities in the World 2024
• #22 50 Best Research Universities Ranked for Undergrads in 2024
• #1 Best Research Universities in Michigan 2024
• #1 The Most Influential Universities and Colleges Ranked by State 2024
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• #2 Best Research Universities for Education Degrees
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Career Outlook for Economics degree at University of Michigan

University of Michigan’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Claude Shannon
• Arthur Miller
• Alvin Plantinga
• Edgar F. Codd
• Hans-Hermann Hoppe
• Stephen Smale
• Urie Bronfenbrenner
• John Henry Holland
• Amos Tversky
• Marshall Sahlins

University of California, Los Angeles

• #7 America's 15 Most Technologically Advanced Colleges
• #13 50 Best Graduate Schools Ranked for Prospective Students in 2024
• #13 50 Best Colleges and Universities Ranked for Undergrads in 2024
• #14 Best Universities in the US Ranked for Prospective Students in 2024
• #17 Best Universities in the World 2024
• #2 Best Public Colleges California 2024
• #2 Most Affordable Colleges in California 2024
• #3 Best Colleges in California 2024
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• #3 Best Grad Schools California 2024
• #6 Best Research Universities for Nursing Degrees
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• #11 Best Research Universities for Anthropology Degrees
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• #12 Best Research Universities for Earth Sciences Degrees
• #12 Best Research Universities for Chemistry Degrees
• #13 Best Research Universities for Math Degrees
• #14 Best Research Universities for Psychology Degrees
• #14 Best Research Universities for Engineering Degrees
• #14 Best Research Universities for History Degrees
• #14 Best Research Universities for Physics Degrees
• #14 Best Research Universities for Biology Degrees
• #15 Best Research Universities for English Degrees
• #15 Best Research Universities for Philosophy Degrees
• #16 Best Research Universities for Economics Degrees
• #17 Best Research Universities for Computer Science Degrees
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• #21 Best Research Universities for Religious Studies Degrees
• #4 Best Online History Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #4 Top 5 Best Online English PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #4 Top 5 Best Online Sociology PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates) 2024
• #14 The Best Traditional MBA Programs Ranked for Students in 2024

Career Outlook for Economics degree at University of California, Los Angeles

University of California, Los Angeles’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Hilary Putnam
• Elinor Ostrom
• Judea Pearl
• Glenn T. Seaborg
• Barry Boehm
• Stanley Cavell
• William F. Sharpe
• John Ehrlichman
• Stephen Krashen
• Edward O. Thorp
• Stephen Kosslyn

George Mason University

• #2 Best Colleges in Virginia 2024
• #2 Best Grad Schools in Virginia 2024
• #4 The Most Influential Universities and Colleges Ranked by State 2024
• #14 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
• #2 Top 15 Most Affordable Online Information Technology PhD Programs
• #4 10 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Accounting Programs
• #5 Best Online Bachelor's in Cybersecurity in Virginia
• #5 Top 8 Fastest Accelerated Online Psychology Doctorates (PhDs)

Career Outlook for Economics degree at George Mason University

George Mason University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Political Science
• Tyler Cowen
• Peter Boettke
• Stephen Moore
• Steven Horwitz
• Alex Tabarrok
• Peter Leeson
• Fred Foldvary
• Stephen Blair Hedges
• Jon Gettman
• Richard Bausch
• Ivan Katchanovski

Check out the full List of Online Programs .

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What Can I Do with a PhD in Economics?

If a graduate degree in economics is on your mind, you may wonder why someone would pursue a doctorate degree in the field. After all, many master's degrees in economics are designed to prepare students like you for myriad economics careers. But while a master's degree will help you stand out against competitors in the job. market, a PhD can open even more doors.   

Earning a PhD in Economics means you have completed the highest level of education in the discipline, thereby creating nearly unlimited opportunities for any job in a related field. 

What does an Economics PhD do?

Economics PhDs specialize in areas like labor economics, macroeconomics,  industrial organization, or international economics and pursue careers within that specialization. For example, institutions like the World Trade Organization (WTO) — the international trade body —  the International Monetary Fund (IMF) or the World Bank might seek to hire economists who have specialized in international economics.

The Federal Reserve Bank system hires lots of PhD macroeconomists. Government agencies like the Federal Trade Commission hire PhD economists specializing in industrial organization. The Census Bureau hires lots of PhD economists specializing in fields like labor economics.

These complex, high-profile positions are often found in the corporate sector or government and frequently involve exploring regulatory, strategic or public policies.

In addition to jobs in government and industry, academic economists play leading roles in the development of new ideas in economics and hold faculty positions in a variety of academic settings.

Industry Profile for Economists 

The need for candidates with extensive economic knowledge and an upper-level understanding of quantitative analysis continues to grow as the government and private corporations seek to understand international competition, predict consumer behaviors and apply analysis to a rapidly changing global environment. 

Industries With the Highest Levels of Employment in Economics

Nearly every entity relies on economists in some way to help research and advise, optimize results, interpret data and recommend solutions. Some of the top industries that employ economists include:

• Federal and state governments
• Management, scientific and technical consulting services
• Scientific research and development firms
• Finance and insurance companies 

How to Get a Doctorate in Economics: The Econ PhD Program at SMU

The PhD program in Economics at SMU is the oldest PhD program at the university and has been providing students with rigorous training in a broad range of fundamental methodologies for conducting economic research for more than 55 years. 

With a low student-to-faculty ratio in a relatively small program, the Economics PhD program at SMU allows for an open and friendly environment, careful supervision, quality contact time with faculty and individualized mentoring that can’t be matched elsewhere. 

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PhD in Educational Economics and Management

Wuhan University

Description

The PhD in  Educational Economics and Management  is a 3 year program taught in English to international students. Students can start the program in September each year.

Educational Economy and Management is an emerging interdisciplinary and cross discipline, taking education science, economics, management science as the theoretical basis, using the research method of economics, management science, social studies especially the rule of the economic phenomena in the field of education, economic and management behaviors, research, educational and economic relation and its change law of development, education and research in the field of economic inputs and output rules, education by leaps and bounds, and research in the development of education management rules of science. This major aims at training high-quality talents with a solid educational economy and management theory and grasp of economics, management research methods and system of specialized knowledge, in-depth understanding of education, economy and management, with strong ability of computer application and ability of being engaged in education and scientific research at all levels of schools, education, government departments and various institutions for management, market development, research consulting and teaching.

Related products

PhD in Theoretical Physics

PhD in Comparative Education – BNU

Phd in thermal power engineering, phd in mathematics.

Get the best of your Study in China with the best Universities offering competitive and rich curriculum programs. Search through over 5000 courses offered by more than 1000 universities in China. There is a course for every major. China Scholars’ Program consultants are always standing by to help you select the right courses within a university with a perfect learning environment. Register with the CS-Hub as it provides the technology and tools for you to interact with our team, submit your application at a single click and also pay for the program fees. The chat tool gives you 24/7 support and opportunity to book an appointment with the team.

Course Content

• Entry Requirements
• Career Options

Applicants must be non-Chinese citizens with a valid passport, under the age of 45, have attained a master’s degree.

Maple Garden Accommodation

The accommodation at Wuhan University for foreign students is in Maple Garden: Building No.1, Building No.2, Building No.4.

Facilities: Central Air Conditioner, telephone, broadband Internet access, closed-circuit TV, flush toilet and water heater

Fees: Building No. 1: Flat with 4 bedrooms (4 students share one flat): 900 RMB per month/ per person. Building No. 2: Single room: 1200 RMB per month/ per person. Building No. 4: Flat with 2 bedrooms (2 students share one flat): 1200 RMB per month/ per person.

College of Medicine Accommodation

Foreign Students Building in College of Medicine, Wuhan University: Building No. 6, Building No. 7, Building No. 8 and Building No. 9

Facilities: Air conditioner, telephone, broadband Internet access, closed circuit TV, flush toilet and water heater

Fees: Building No. 6: Single Room: 1000 RMB per month/ per person. Single Room with more space: 1200 RMB per month/ per person Single Room with more space (shared by two students): 600 RMB per month/ per person Single flat: 1400 RMB per month / per person Single flat (shared by two students): 700 RMB per month per person Building No. 7—No. 9: Flat with two bedrooms, shared by 4 students: 600 RMB per month per person.

About the University Summary

Wuhan University (WHU) is a comprehensive and key national university directly under the administration of the Ministry of Education. It is also one of the "211 Project" and "985 Project"universities with full support in the construction and development from the central and local government of China.

The history of Wuhan University can be traced back to Ziqiang Institute, which was founded in 1893 by Zhang Zhidong, the then governor of Hubei Province and Hunan Province in the late Qing Dynasty. In the process of development and evolution, the institute changed its name several times before it was finally named Wuhan National University in 1928. It is one of the earliest comprehensive national universities in modern China. By the end of 1946, the university had established 6 colleges, the colleges of liberal art, law, sciences, engineering, agriculture and medicine. In 2000, an amalgamation of the former Wuhan University, Wuhan University of Hydraulic and Electric Engineering, Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping, and Hubei Medical University was announced, which ushered in a new era in its 100-odd years of development.

Other Courses Offered By Wuhan University

PhD in Political Theory

PhD in Literature of Theatre, Film & Television

PhD in Literary and Artistic Studies

PhD in Science of Management and Engineering

PhD in Sociology

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The Student Loan Debt Crisis in the United States and the Long-Term Economic Impact

• F. King Alexander Florida Gulf Coast University

The student loan indebtedness issue has become one of the most significant issues in higher education in the United States. This issue impacts nearly 45 million Americans and has long-term economic consequences that are just beginning to be felt throughout the country’s economy. This article addresses the evolution of this national problem and discusses the economic ramifications of the student loan debt crisis.

Author Biography

F. king alexander, florida gulf coast university.

F. King Alexander has been a professor and president of four large public universities in the United States for over two decades and currently serves as a professor of educational leadership at Florida Gulf Coast University, a senior faculty fellow at the Education Policy Center at the University of Alabama and a faculty affiliate at the Cornell University Higher Education Research Institute, United States. E-mail: [email protected].

How to Cite

• Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)

Copyright (c) 2024 International Higher Education

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License .

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

• Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
• Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
• Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access ).
• Authors will be required to sign our standard License Ageement before publication.

A Word document containing the License Agreement is available for download  here .

Graduate Programs

International Higher Education  is sponsored by the  Boston College Center for International  Higher Education .

The Center for International Higher Education has a close partnership with  University World News  (UWN) , the global online publication that provides its readers with a free newspaper on higher education. UWN links its readers to  International Higher E ducation  ( IHE ).

Health Care Economics

Explore the economic forces shaping us health care.

Taught by Harvard Medical School faculty, this Harvard Online course provides insights into the interactions between industries in the US health care sector and teaches what economic forces are shaping health care.

What You'll Learn

Why is health care spending so high in the US? What are the primary drivers of rising health care costs? What is the relationship between finance and health care? How does money shape your decision-making as a patient, provider, or payer? Is a sustainable healthcare architecture possible?

Even for those within the health care industry, the economics of the United States health care system are stunningly complex and can be challenging to navigate. In Health Care Economics, gain insights into the interactions between industries in the health care sector and learn what economic forces are shaping health care. You will cover core topics in health care economics, such as moral hazard and adverse selection, and examine how these forces, as well as the actions of patients, providers, and other key stakeholders, shape outcomes in the health care market.

Balancing the needs of patients and purchasers is a daily struggle for health care leaders and central to the success of any health care business. To make this happen, clinical, research, operational, and financial leaders need a shared understanding of the true drivers of health care spending, the policies that shape and define the sector, and how financial incentives impact both patient and provider behavior. This course will examine health care spending growth, considering new technologies and other economic factors, and explore the theoretical framework behind controlling spending growth through changes to benefit design and payment reform.

Delivered via Harvard Business School Online’s innovative course platform, Health Care Economics features real-world examples, interactive lessons, and conversations with industry experts. Led by Harvard Medical School professor Michael Chernew, PhD, Chair of The Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MedPAC), this course allows you to gain a better understanding of core economic principles as you learn how to create more compelling programs, develop more effective growth strategies, negotiate better reimbursement contracts and partnerships, and advocate more effectively both inside and outside your organization.

The Harvard Medical School is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

The Harvard Medical School designates this enduring material for a maximum of  19.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™ . Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Upon successful completion of the course, participants will have access to claim their credits through the Harvard Medical School’s continuing education platform.

The course is part of the Health Care Leadership Learning Path  and will be delivered via  HBS Online’s course platform .  Learners will be immersed in real-world examples from experts at industry-leading organizations. By the end of the course, participants will be able to:

• Articulate the drivers of spending and spending growth in health care and evaluate how your organization’s strategy and decision-making processes impact total spending as well as value
• Describe approaches to getting the incentives right for both providers and patients and evaluate the impacts of changes to these incentives
• Understand risk and pooling as they relate to insurance markets and health benefit design
• Define the role of employers, insurers, and government in influencing the economics of health care markets, such as spending, access to care, and stability of insurance markets
• Explain how technology and patients’ and providers’ decisions contribute to high spending and spending growth, and how they impact their own organizations

Your Instructor

Michael Chernew, PhD,  is the Leonard D. Schaeffer Professor of Health Care Policy at Harvard Medical School. Dr. Chernew’s research examines several areas related to improving the health care system, including studies of novel benefit designs, Medicare Advantage, alternative payment models, low-value care, and the causes and consequences of rising health care spending. Dr. Chernew is currently serving as Chair of the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MedPAC), where he previously served as the Vice Chair and as a Member. In 2000, 2004, and 2010, he served on technical advisory panels for the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) that reviewed the assumptions used by Medicare actuaries to assess the financial status of Medicare trust funds. He's a member of the Congressional Budget Office’s Panel of Health Advisors and Vice Chair of the Massachusetts Health Connector Board. Dr. Chernew is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research, and a Senior Visiting Fellow at MITRE. He's currently a co-editor of the  American Journal of Managed Care  and on advisory boards for several private companies in the health care space, including Virta Health, Archway, and HEALTH[at]SCALE.

Real World Case Studies

Affiliations are listed for identification purposes only.

MATTHEW HUTTER, MD, MPH

SANDHYA RAO, MD

Dr. Sandhya Rao is chief medical officer for Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts , the largest private health plan in Massachusetts. Learn from Rao about the challenges in health insurance today.

JOSEPH NEWHOUSE, PHD

Available discounts and benefits for groups and individuals.

Experience Harvard Online by utilizing our wide variety of discount programs for individuals and groups. 

Past participant discounts.

Learners who have enrolled in at least one qualifying Harvard Online program hosted on the HBS Online platform are eligible to receive a 30% discount on this course, regardless of completion or certificate status in the first purchased program. Past Participant Discounts are automatically applied to the Program Fee upon time of payment.  Learn more here .

Learners who have earned a verified certificate for a HarvardX course hosted on the  edX platform  are eligible to receive a 30% discount on this course using a discount code. Discounts are not available after you've submitted payment, so if you think you are eligible for a discount on a registration, please check your email for a code or contact us .

Nonprofit, Government, Military, and Education Discounts

For this course we offer a 30% discount for learners who work in the nonprofit, government, military, or education fields. 

Eligibility is determined by a prospective learner’s email address, ending in .org, .gov, .mil, or .edu. Interested learners can apply below for the discount and, if eligible, will receive a promo code to enter when completing payment information to enroll in a Harvard Online program. Click here to apply for these discounts.

Gather your team to experience Health Care Economics and other Harvard Online courses to enjoy the benefits of learning together: 

• Single invoicing for groups of 10 or more
• Tiered discounts and pricing available with up to 50% off
• Growth reports on your team's progress
• Flexible course and partnership plans 

Learn more and enroll your team ! 

Who Will Benefit

Rising Leaders

Develop a comprehensive understanding of the health care landscape, including the key drivers of rising US health care spending.

Administrators and Policy Makers

Gain insights into strategic decisions around new business initiatives, health benefit plans, reimbursement contract negotiations, and care delivery models.

Understand the financial impacts of new technologies and services and how to create value-based care for patients.

Learner Testimonials

“This is an amazing course. The professor did a fantastic job dissecting the complexities of healthcare into chewable chunks.”

Howard H. Dinh, MD, FACC Medical Director, Cardiac Services, Greater Sacramento The Permanente Medical Group and Chief, Cardiology, Kaiser Permanente, South Sacramento

“This is now my fourth HBS online course that I have taken. I love that the format lets me learn asynchronously when I have time in my busy schedule. The HBS courses do a wonderful job encouraging interaction with peer learners which amplifies the learning. The HBS courses foster this peer engagement much more effectively than I have found in other online courses that I have taken.”

Denver Sallee III, MD Chief Financial Officer, Sibley Heart Center Cardiology and Associate Professor of Pediatrics Emory University School of Medicine

“This is a very well designed course to understand the nuances of the US healthcare system economics. The videos and the guest talks were very helpful to understand the real world examples. The discussion surrounding the RAND experiment was very useful to understand many key concepts. Overall a very good course.”

Krishna K. Chotneeru, MPH Associate Director, Data Science & Statistics Alnylam Pharmaceuticals

Syllabus and Upcoming Calendars

Health Care Economics provides insights into the interactions between industries in the health care sector and teaches what economic forces are shaping health care.

Learning requirements: There are no required prerequisites to enroll in this course. In order to earn a Certificate of Completion from Harvard Online, participants must thoughtfully complete all 6 modules, including associated assessments, by stated deadlines.

Download Full Syllabus

Download October 2023 Calendar 

Download January 2024 Calendar 

• Why is health care so expensive?
• Why is health care spending growing?
• Make health care spending growth predictions.
• Compare US health care costs to costs in other countries.
• Analyze the math behind health care spending.
• Examine sources of waste in the health care industry.
• Explore the role of technology in health care spending growth.
• What role should patients play in making important choices about their care?
• What role should money play in the decisions of patients?
• Interpret demand curves.
• Explore willingness to pay for health care.
• Evaluate different solutions to inefficient consumption of care, such as moral hazard.
• What role should the provider play in determining care patterns?
• How do provider behavior and competition influence care?
• Analyze clinical decision-making.
• Recognize supplier-induced demand and the consequences of the medical arms race.
• Explore practice ownership trends.
• Determine whether prevention programs and care coordination are cost saving.
• What is the role of insurance in health care?
• Why is the risk pool for health insurance so important and how do we manage it?
• Explore risk preferences.
• Calculate actuarially fair premiums to understand what health insurance is and how it works.
• Examine solutions for solving some of the problems with insurance.
• Evaluate policy proposals for dealing with information asymmetry and adverse selection.
• How can we design insurance plans to promote efficient consumer decision-making?
•  Explore patient decision-making in health care.
• Analyze different approaches for improving patient incentives.
• Understand the benefits of value based care and insurance.
• Strategies for implementing value-based healthcare and insurance designs.
• How do we structure payments to promote efficient provider decision-making?
• Explore provider decision-making in health care.
• Analyze different approaches for improving provider incentives.

Earn Your Certificate

Enroll today in Harvard Online's Health Care Economics course.

Still Have Questions?

What are the learning requirements? How do I list my certificate on my resume? Learn the answers to these and more in our FAQs.

Related Courses

Digital health.

Digital technologies and big data offer tremendous opportunities to improve health care.

Health Care Strategy

Learn from HBS Professor Leemore Dafny how to align the principles of business strategy with the unique challenges and structures of health care organizations to capture value, define your mission, and lead your organization to success.

Innovations in Teamwork for Health Care

In this course, experts from Harvard Business School and the T.H. Chan School of Public Health teach learners to implement a strategy for organizational teamwork in health care.

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Campus protests over the Gaza war

How some faculty members are defending student protesters, in actions and in words.

Rachel Treisman

Columbia University faculty and staff gather on the campus in solidarity with student protesters on Monday. Stefan Jeremiah/AP hide caption

Columbia University faculty and staff gather on the campus in solidarity with student protesters on Monday.

Sarah Phillips was on the Indiana University campus in Bloomington for meetings Saturday when she saw social media posts calling for help protecting students' free speech rights.

When Phillips, an anthropology professor at IU, arrived at the site of the campus protest she recognized some of her students, "completely peaceful," standing face-to-face with what she described as heavily armed riot police. Reflexively, she started walking toward them.

"My instincts just kicked in," she told NPR on Monday. "And a few moments later, I found myself on the ground, handcuffed and being marched with some students and other faculty to a bus that was ready to take us away to the local jail."

The students were protesting at Dunn Meadow, a university-designated assembly area since 1969 and the site of an encampment that the school administration banned in a widely criticized last-minute policy change .

A few days earlier, on Thursday, Indiana state and university police had arrested 33 people as they tried to disperse the crowd. Protesters quickly regrouped, and Phillips was alarmed to hear on Saturday that armed police were once again gathering at the park.

She was one of four faculty members and 19 students arrested that day alone — among the hundreds of people who have been arrested at pro-Palestinian campus protests across the country in the last two weeks.

Demonstrators at Indiana, as in many other states, are calling for a cease-fire in Gaza and an end to both university investment in Israeli-affiliated companies and its partnership with a nearby U.S. Navy installation.

And professors are increasingly standing with students, in what many describe as an effort to safeguard the students' right to protest.

Middle East crisis — explained

As student protesters get arrested, they risk being banned from campus too.

"As a faculty member who cares about freedom of speech — who sees freedom of speech as the bedrock of democracy and really as the foundation for a public education — I see it as my responsibility to speak up when I see harm being done to students and their rights being violated," Phillips said. "And if my voice isn't enough, then I'm going to have to speak up, so to say, for them in other ways."

Most of the people arrested on Saturday, including Phillips, were hit with the misdemeanor charge of criminal trespass. All were also handed slips of paper by university police banning them from school property for one year (with the exception of one organizer who was banned for five years ).

The administration later said that students and faculty who were arrested can appeal their trespass warnings with university police, and will be allowed on campus to finish the semester while that process is underway.

Phillips plans to do so. But, she says, this last week of classes is especially important for professors in terms of meeting with students and administering finals — and that experience has already been disrupted. On Monday, her students presented their final projects on Zoom rather than in their classroom.

"I know we're all being very careful to not violate the terms of that trespass ban, because we've been informed that, should we do so, that the consequences could ramp up and be even worse than they are right now," she said.

Protests at Indiana have continued, with demonstrators now also calling for the university's president and provost to step down. More than 800 current and emeritus faculty members from the school have also signed an open letter calling for their resignation or removal.

As pro-Palestinian protests spread, more university leaders weigh police involvement

It's one of several schools around the country where professors are getting arrested at demonstrations, circulating letters in support of arrested protesters and holding no-confidence votes in their administrations.

At Columbia University, for example, faculty members in orange vests linked arms , forming a human wall at the entrance to students' encampment as police arrived to break it up on Monday. Professors at Emory University staged a campus walkout that same day, chanting "hands off our students."

Many faculty members, disturbed by the forceful police response to protests, are increasingly standing up for students' academic freedom — and pushing back against university leadership that they see as infringing on it.

"I feel like faculty are in triage mode right now," said Irene Mulvey, president of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP). "They're helping the students, putting their bodies on the line ... they're dealing with the administration with no-confidence votes, but also trying to deal with the administration directly to get them to back off and do the right thing."

Faculty are attending — and getting arrested at — protests

Indiana State Police riot squad arrested dozens of people during a pro-Palestinian protest in Dunn Meadow in Bloomington on Thursday. Jeremy Hogan/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images hide caption

Indiana State Police riot squad arrested dozens of people during a pro-Palestinian protest in Dunn Meadow in Bloomington on Thursday.

Hundreds of students have been arrested at campus protests within the last week. There is no exact tally of how many professors have been arrested, according to the AAUP, but news stories and social media reports suggest the numbers are steadily mounting.

Steve Tamari, a history professor at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, was among the protesters arrested at a campus demonstration on Saturday at Washington University in St. Louis, with video showing several officers slamming him to the ground.

In a statement read by a student on Tuesday, Tamari said he was "body slammed and crushed by the weight of several St. Louis County Police officers and then dragged across campus by the police," and remains hospitalized with broken ribs and a broken hand.

Two professors were among the 28 people arrested at Emory University on Thursday, after the administration called in city and state police to disperse a protest. Both high-profile arrests were captured on bystander videos.

In one, economics professor Caroline Fohlin approaches several police officers as they wrestle a protester to the ground, asking "what are you doing?" and telling them to get away. As she approaches, one officer grabs her by the wrist and flips her onto the sidewalk. Another comes over to help zip-tie her hands behind her back, as she protests: "I am a professor!"

Nearly 300 people arrested at campus protests against the war in Gaza this weekend

Fohlin was later charged with battery against a police officer. Her lawyer, Gregory Clement, later told the Atlanta Journal-Constitution that the arrest was misguided.

"Caroline Fohlin was not a protester at Emory on April 25," Clement said. "She emerged from her office, concerned only about the treatment of students on the quad."

The other professor arrested, Noëlle McAfee, was captured on video urging bystanders to notify the philosophy department — of which she is the chair — of her arrest as she is led away in handcuffs.

McAfee later told 11Alive News that she was passing through the area of the protest when she came across cops "pummeling" a young protester, and stood nearby asking them to stop. She didn't leave when police told her to, and was charged with disorderly conduct.

Twenty years ago, she said, she probably would have been one of those protesters. Today, she's focused less on the Israel-Hamas conflict at the heart of the demonstrations and more on what she calls the issue of "issue of higher education administrators clamping down on free expression and delegitimizing any kind of dissent."

"At this season of my life my job is to protect the students and to protect ... academic freedom. I can do that better than they can do that," she said. "And I think that's what we're seeing with faculty all over, both wanting to protect the students and wanting to call out administrations that are actually putting the students at risk."

Top companies are on students' divest list. But does it really work?

But some faculty members are participating in protests themselves, joining students in calling for a cease-fire in Gaza and divestment from companies that do business with Israel.

Steven Thrasher, a journalism professor and chair of social justice in reporting at Northwestern University's Medill School, has been acting in what he calls a role of faculty support for the student encampment on its Illinois campus.

When the encampment started last week, he and other members of the group Educators for Justice in Palestine mobilized to make sure there would be faculty members available for bail support, university negotiations and physically defending student protesters, including by signing up for four-hour shifts on site.

Columbia University protesters occupy a campus building, echoing 1968

"We're making sure that there's always four of us who are there, that the students know that we're there," Thrasher told NPR on Friday. "But ... we did not expect to be in a human barricade position in the first 10 minutes, which is what happened [Thursday] morning."

At protests, Thrasher identifies himself as someone who is willing to be arrested. He hopes that doesn't happen, but says he feels "quite committed to, if there's violence that can happen between the students and the administration or cops, that I'm going to put my body in that space when I'm there."

Thrasher acknowledges he's motivated by more than just protecting students' free speech.

"I would think that if I saw students who disagreed with me politically ... I would also intervene" on their behalf, he said. "But for me, it's also, I'm supporting them in something that I think is very righteous, and I'm very proud of them."

On Monday, Northwestern students and administrators reached an agreement to end the campus encampment.

Several faculty members have said in speeches and social media posts that they fear they will lose their jobs or face other repercussions for speaking out.

Mulvey, of the AAUP, says it's riskier for non-tenured professors to take a stand — and the long-term decline in tenure at American universities means that most do not have it . She said those dynamics are damaging not only to higher education institutions but democracy itself.

"If higher education faculty are beholden to saying what powerful people want them to say, and if they stray out of the line they're going to get fired, we are living in an authoritarian society," she said.

Faculty members are making demands — including resignations — of leadership

Emory University professors held a walkout on Monday in support of student protesters. Elijah Nouvelage/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

Emory University professors held a walkout on Monday in support of student protesters.

Faculty members at a growing list of schools are also making their opinions and demands known in writing.

Some are speaking up based on their subject matter expertise, like history professors at the University of Southern California and media school professors at Indiana University .

"As a faculty expressly charged with teaching our students about these values in the pursuit of journalism and other expressions of public communication, we strongly dissent from these anti-democratic acts," the Indiana professors wrote.

Professors at Northeastern University , where over 100 people were arrested on Saturday , sent university leaders a letter urging them to drop charges against protesters and issue a public apology and retraction of false allegations of antisemitism, among other demands. At least 144 Vanderbilt University professors signed a letter expressing support for student protesters and criticizing its "excessive and punitive" response.

In Columbia University's protests of 1968 and 2024, what's similar — and different

At Princeton, where two graduate students were arrested and suspended from campus for setting up tents, faculty members signed a letter condemning their punishment and demanding their reinstatement. Over 300 Yale professors signed a similar letter pressing university leaders to call on authorities to drop charges against all 48 protesters arrested and take no further disciplinary action against them.

"The use of policing, penalization and retribution to avoid protest or dialogue with students cannot stand, as this is no model for an educational institution," the Yale professors wrote.

And faculty members at some schools — including Barnard , Emory , UT-Austin and Cal Poly Humboldt — are issuing votes and statements of no confidence in their presidents, over their response to campus protests.

Consider This from NPR

How today's college protests echo history.

The principle of shared governance — which the AAUP defines as the "joint responsibility of faculty, administrations, and governing boards to govern colleges and universities" — is key to helping campuses move forward, Mulvey says.

She says most schools already have mechanisms — like faculty senates and academic councils — through which faculty members and administrators can engage with each other over what's happening and how to respond. But at many schools, she says, administrations are currently ignoring that structure.

"If you're not upholding it when it's needed, then it means nothing," she says. "The first thing is going to have to be a rebuilding of trust. And that trust takes a long time to build and repair."

Education and community as a path forward

Students work on their class assignments at a demonstration at George Washington University on Sunday. Cliff Owen/AP hide caption

Students work on their class assignments at a demonstration at George Washington University on Sunday.

Campus protests, occupations and mass arrests are continuing, even as many schools wrap up classes and final exams.

Despite the frenzy, Mulvey believes professors generally will do their best to help students complete the term.

"My feeling is that the vast majority of faculty will bend over backwards to fulfill their academic obligations to the students ... whether it means a written final instead of an in-class final, whether it means extensions on projects, whether it means additional office hours," she said.

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This palestinian american professor leans on his quaker faith during conflict.

Mulvey sees the way forward as through education both inside and beyond the classroom. Thrasher, at Northwestern, agrees. He's currently teaching a graduate seminar called "The Theater of Protest," and accompanied his students to the encampment for a field trip during Monday's class.

Thrasher, who has reported on various Occupy Wall Street and Black Lives Matter protests over the years, says these sorts of encampments are "really amazing pedagogical spaces" where lots of valuable learning can happen, from interfaith prayers to lending libraries.

Phillips, the Indiana professor who was arrested, agrees that students are "our best teachers right now."

Like Thrasher, she says the best thing to come out of this turmoil is the deepening of solidarities within the community — she says she's spent time with colleagues in ways she hasn't in her more than two decades at the university, and seeing many newly emboldened to stand up for their beliefs.

"There's definitely no more business as usual," she says. "We have really come together in a way that has shown how fragile community can be, but also how important community is."

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In the U.S., the average starting salary for college graduates is around $59,000. However, according to the National Association of Colleges and Employers , computer science majors were projected to have the highest starting salaries for 2022, with an expected average over $75,000.

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What is a bachelor’s degree in business.

A bachelor's degree in business is an undergraduate program that involves studying marketing, finance, accounting, management, economics, and entrepreneurship, among other subjects. It’s a well-rounded degree that emphasizes skills such as critical thinking, communication, innovation, and leadership, all of which can lead to versatile careers across many industries. Learn more about whether a business degree is worth it .

What is an MBA?

A Master of Business Administration (MBA) is a graduate program in business and management that emphasizes leadership and managerial skills. In an MBA program, you'll learn fundamentals such as finance, marketing, and organizational behavior, while building skills in communication, leadership, and strategic thinking, among other areas. Learn more about why getting an MBA can be a worthwhile endeavor.

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St. Cloud State University leaders recommend major cuts in degree programs, faculty

Updated May 7, 9:38 a.m. | Posted May 6, 8:10 p.m.

St. Cloud State University leaders are proposing major budget cuts to programs and faculty to address a budget deficit.

In a meeting with faculty on Monday, SCSU administrators recommended discontinuing 46 of the university’s 136 degree programs, including criminal justice, Spanish, gender and women’s studies, sociology, physics, environmental science and economics.

They also proposed cutting 50 of 85 minor degrees, including African American and American Indian studies. Fifty-seven faculty positions would be cut, or 13 percent of the total.

In an interview Monday evening, acting president Larry Lee said the cuts are necessary to address a structural budget deficit. The university lost $18 million last year and is projected to lose $5.5 million this year — a deficit made smaller by one-time state funding. Without it, SCSU’s net operating loss would have been $15 million, Lee said.

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“We just can’t sustain the operation like that,” he said. “We have to align our expenses with our revenues, so we can continue to provide the type of experience that we’ve provided here for a long time.”

In his email to faculty and staff, Lee said higher education is facing “unprecedented struggles” — student enrollment declines, affordability concerns, a proliferation of higher education alternatives, public perception of college degrees and financial strains, among others.

“These circumstances negatively impact higher education, generally, and St. Cloud State University, specifically,” he wrote.

Lee said the university will focus on its 90 strongest academic programs, in which 90 percent of students are enrolled. 

“Students are speaking with their decisions — what programs are growing enrollment or not,” he said. “And we have some programs that just don’t have the enrollment that can support the amount of staffing that we have in that program.”

Students enrolled in the affected programs would still be able to complete their degrees, Lee said.

SCSU had one of its first enrollment increases this year in several years, Lee said, but continues to spend significantly more per year in instructional costs than other universities in the Minnesota State system.

The recommendations aren’t yet final, Lee said. The faculty union will respond to the administration with its comments within the next 10 days. 

Lee took over Sunday from President Robbyn Wacker, who stepped down last week, earlier than her planned departure of June 30. She told officials at Minnesota State that decisions about the university’s long-term operations should be made by leaders who will be there to manage the transition.

List of degree programs cut from St. Cloud State University

Degrees in italics have already frozen admissions to their programs

Criminal Justice Studies, BS

Criminal Justice Studies, MS

Gerontology, MS

Health and Physical Education, BS

Physical Education, BS

Rehabilitation Counseling, MS

Cultural Resource Management, MS

English Education, MS

English Studies, MA

Gender and Women’s Studies, BA

Global Studies, BA

History, MA

History, MS

Music Performance, BMUS

Music Teaching, BS (K-12)

Music Therapy, BS (not launched)

Sociology, BA

Spanish, BS

Studio Art, BFA

Writing Studies and Rhetoric, MA

Child and Family Studies: Family Studies, MS

Early Childhood Special Education, MS

Educational Administration and Leadership, SPEC

Educational Leadership and Technology, MS

Social Studies Education, MS

Biological Sciences, MA

Earth Sciences, BA

Electrical Engineering, MSEE

Environmental Engineering, BS

Environmental Science, BS

Environmental Studies, BS

Geography, BA

Geography, GIS, MS

Hydrology, BS

Manufacturing Engineering Technology, BS

Manufacturing Engineering, BS

Nuclear Medicine Technology, BS

Physics Education Grades 9-12, BS

Physics, BS

Physics/General Science Education Grades 5-12, BS

Software Engineering, PSM

Economics, BA

Entrepreneurship, BS

Hospitality and Tourism, BA

Public Administration, MPA

List of minor programs cut from St. Cloud State

Minors in italics have already frozen admissions to their programs

Applied Behavior Analysis

Athletic Coaching

Criminal Justice Studies

Gerontology

African American Studies

American Indian Studies

Arts - Entrepreneurship

Asian-Pacific American Studies

Chicano Studies

Conflict Management

Creative Writing

English Studies

E-Sports Broadcasting

Ethnic Studies

Film Production

Gender & Women Studies

Intercultural Communication

Linguistics

New Media - Music and Art

Teaching English as a Second Language

Early Childhood Education

Human Relations

Applied Analytics

Applied Mathematics

Career/Technical Ed: Communication

Career/Technical Ed: Construction

Career/Technical Ed: Manufacturing

Career/Technical Ed: Transportation

Environmental Studies

Forensic Science

Mathematics

Middle School Mathematics

STEM Education

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Entrepreneurship  for Non-Business Majors

Esports Management for Business Majors

Esports Management for Non-Business Majors

Heritage Preservation (CMTY)

Hospitality & Tourism

Real Estate for Business Majors

Real Estate for Non-Business Majors

• Chancellor: SCSU failed to make annual budget corrections, leading to likely program cuts, layoffs
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Root canal? Next-gen treatment could involve stem cells, not surgery

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UB faculty member Camila Sabatini’s research investigating novel biologically based avenues for tooth repair may reduce the need for root canals, a procedure in which the nerve of an infected tooth is removed and the canals are sealed with synthetic material.

By LAURIE KAISER

Published May 7, 2024

Camila Sabatini, associate professor of restorative dentistry in the School of Dental Medicine, has received the Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Program (AMFDP) award from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation to study novel therapies to repair damaged teeth.

The selective four-year, $420,000 grant will allow Sabatini to investigate strategies for the regeneration of tooth defects. She will work in collaboration with Techung Lee, associate professor of biochemistry in the Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. Frank Scannapieco, SUNY Distinguished Professor of Oral Biology, will serve as adviser in this fellowship.

The award, traditionally reserved for promising physician-scientists to help them advance toward achieving a senior rank in academic medicine, expanded in scope to include dentistry in 2012 and nursing in 2015.

“As the only dentist in a cohort of 16 scholars selected this year, this award reflects her outstanding contributions to the field,” Scannapieco says.

Sabatini’s research investigating novel biologically based avenues for tooth repair may reduce the need for root canals and could potentially have major implications in the way dental care is rendered.

“Root canals happen when an infection has advanced to the nerve of the tooth,” Sabatini explains. “The nerve is removed, and the canals are sealed with a synthetic material. The loss of vitality weakens the tooth, making it prone to fracture.”

In this proposal, Sabatini says, the team will investigate ways to use stem cells of dental origin to promote the repair of damaged teeth, potentially avoiding the need for a root canal.

 “Over the past two decades, scientists have come to rely on stem cells for tissue regeneration. We haven’t tapped into that nearly enough in dental medicine,” Sabatini notes. “The standard of care in dentistry today — fillings and implants — is still quite outdated, as it is based on the use of synthetic materials only. We are looking to increase our understanding of the biology of the host, so we can identify potential avenues for tissue repair.”

Cancer therapy drugs and gene therapy

The four-year grant will allow the team to investigate a drug-repurposing approach with an immunostimulant drug used in cancer therapy and a gene therapy strategy.

“The appeal of drug repurposing is the potential for immediate clinical translation, since phase I trials can be bypassed, moving directly to phase II trials,” Sabatini says. “Gene therapy could provide a cost-effective avenue for the healing of tooth defects.”

The therapies will be investigated using dental pulp stem cells obtained from extracted human molars and animal trials in mice, where artificially induced tooth defects will receive the various therapies. The animal studies proposed under this award could take the investigators a step closer to the next phase in the process of regulatory approvals of therapies and devices by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

“The possible impact of this research is profound,” Scannapieco says. “These innovative technologies have the potential to be widely applicable and cost-effective, ushering in a significant paradigm shift in dental care.” 

Advancing team science, research-driven dental education

Sabatini joined the dental school in 2007 as a clinical assistant professor and was promoted to associate professor in 2015. She also currently serves as an adjunct professor of oral biology and of chemical and biological engineering.

A previous recipient of a National Institutes of Health (NIH) research award — in collaboration with Chong Cheng, professor, and Mark Swihart, SUNY Distinguished Professor and chair, both of the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering — Sabatini has worked toward advancing a vision of team science and research-driven dental education.

“Embracing science at the core of dental education is the only path forward,” she says. “We, in academic centers, have a monumental task to evolve in our understanding of the profession and the factors that will influence the future workforce supply and demand.

“Understanding changes happening in dental practice will guide academic centers in meeting these demands. Several therapies will make their way into the profession over the next decade. Regenerative dentistry, while still in the early stages, will make its way into the mainstream as a non-invasive treatment option.”

Sabatini’s AMFDP award followed a competitive peer-reviewed process with members of a national advisory committee affiliated with such agencies as the American Heart Association and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, among others.

“I am thrilled about this opportunity,” Sabatini says. “I look forward to continuing to build my research program, expanding into the field of regenerative medicine and contributing to the NIH-funded pool of dentist/scientists for the advancement of this work.”