bearings problem solving worksheet

Bearings: Worksheets with Answers

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Bearings Worksheet

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Help your students prepare for their Maths GCSE with this free bearings worksheet of 35 questions and answers

• Section 1 of the bearings worksheet contains 27 skills-based bearings questions, in 3 groups to support differentiation
• Section 2 contains 4 applied bearings questions with a mix of worded problems and deeper problem solving questions
• Section 3 contains 4 foundation and higher level GCSE exam style questions on bearings  
• Answers and a mark scheme for all bearings questions are provided
• Questions follow variation theory with plenty of opportunities for students to work independently at their own level
• All questions created by fully qualified expert secondary maths teachers
• Suitable for GCSE maths revision for AQA, OCR and Edexcel exam boards

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Bearings at a glance

Bearings are angles measured clockwise from North and are written as three figures. 

The points on a compass have the following bearings: North 000 o , East 090 o , South 180 o and West 270 o . When working with bearings, we can either measure them or we can calculate them using known angle facts. 

To measure bearings we first need to make sure we have an accurate diagram. If the diagram is accurate, we can draw on a North line and use a protractor to measure the angle in a clockwise direction. We can then write the angle as a three figure bearing. 

When calculating bearings, we can use a variety of different methods depending on the information available. These include: using angle facts about the angles around a point, using angle facts about angles in parallel lines and using trigonometry. 

When dealing with bearings problems it is important to consider which point is the starting point by reading the question carefully. For example, if we are asked to calculate the bearing of the lighthouse from point B then the starting point is point B. We would draw a North line at point B and measure the angle between the North line and the lighthouse.

Looking forward, students can then progress to additional geometry worksheets , for example a 3D shapes worksheet or area of a triangle worksheet .

For more teaching and learning support on Geometry our GCSE maths lessons provide step by step support for all GCSE maths concepts.

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Trigonometric Questions with Bearings

Related Topics: More Lessons for A Level Maths Math Worksheets

A collection of videos, activities and worksheets that are suitable for A Level Maths.

C2 Sine and Cosine Rule Questions in Context Bearings Examples:

• Fred is standing at a point looking north. He walks on a bearing 056° for 9.8km before stopping. He then walks an additional 3.5 km on a bearing of 112° before stopping to rest. Find out how far he is away from his start point.
• Sue walks around the perimeter of a triangular field. She walks west from one corner of the field for 480m before stopping at the second corner. She then walks an additional 312m on a bearing of 072° to complete the second side of the field? (a) How long is the third side of the field? (b) Find the total area of the enclosed field.

Cosine Rule and Bearing Problem Example: Jack walks from town A for 10 miles on a bearing of 20°. Peter walks from town A for 18 miles on a bearing of 130°. How far is Jack from Peter?

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GCSE 9-1 Exam Question Practice (Bearings)

Subject: Mathematics

Age range: 14-16

Resource type: Assessment and revision

Last updated

5 February 2020

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This carefully selected compilation of exam questions has fully-worked solutions designed for students to go through at home, saving valuable time in class. Click --> tes.com/…/Exam Question Practice… to download question compilations for more than 50 other topics. <hr> The questions in this particular compilation require students to perform calculations involving bearings . The first few questions are quite straightforward, but the difficulty gradually increases and the later questions will be a challenge, even to the best mathematicians in a class:-) <hr> I usually print these questions as an A5 booklet and issue them in class or give them out as a homework. I also make them available for a student who wants to do focused independent study on a specific topic. <hr> If you like this resource then please rate it and/or leave a comment. If the rate-resource button on this page doesn’t work, then go to your ratings page by clicking --> www.tes.com/…/rate-resources…

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Bearing - Word Problems

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• Andres Gonzalez
• Marco Faustini
• Mahindra Jain
• Kaustubh Miglani

Most bearing word problems involving trigonometry and angles can be reduced to finding relationships between angles and the measurements of the sides of a triangle . In this case, finding the right basic trigonometric functions to relate the angles and measurements are crucial for setting up and solving the problem correctly.

Trigonometry of angles and sides can be used on a daily basis in the workplace like in carpentry, construction work, engineering, etc.

Basic Definitions

Word problems, example problems.

Before jumping to the word problems, here are the basic definitions you need to be familiar with:

The angle of elevation of an object as seen by an observer is the angle between the horizontal and the line from the object to the observer's eye (also known as the line of sight ). The angle of elevation in the above diagram is \(\alpha^\circ\).

If the object is below the level of the observer, then the angle between the horizontal and the observer's line of sight is called the angle of depression . The angle of depression in the above diagram is \(\beta^\circ\).

If the height of a pole is \(2\sqrt3\) metres and the length of its shadow is \(2\) metres, then find the angle of elevation of the sun.

It is often useful to draw a diagram and remember how the basic trigonometric functions relate the angles and measurements of sides in a right triangle. Finding the right trigonometric function to relate the angles and measurements is crucial to solving the problems. We will demonstrate the principle of setting up and solving trigonometric word problems by working through several examples.

A surveyor in a helicopter at an elevation of 1000 meters measures the angle of depression to the far edge of an island as \( 24^\circ \) and the angle of depression to the near edge as \( 31^\circ \). How wide is the island, to the nearest meter? Let the horizontal distance between the helicopter and the island be \( d \), and the width of the island \( w \). Then \( \tan 24^\circ = \frac{1000}{d+w} \) and \( \tan 31^\circ = \frac{1000}{d} \), implying \( d = \frac{1000}{\tan 31^\circ} \). Substituting this into \( \tan 24^\circ = \frac{1000}{d+w} \) gives \[\begin{align} \tan 24^\circ &= \frac{1000}{\frac{1000}{\tan 31^\circ}+w} \\ \tan 24^\circ \left(\frac{1000}{\tan 31^\circ}+w \right) &= 1000 \\ w &= \frac{1000\left( 1 - \frac{\tan 24^\circ}{ \tan 31^\circ }\right)}{\tan 24^\circ} \\\\ & \approx 581.75 . \end{align}\] Thus, the width of the island is 582 meters Alternatively, you can calculate the difference between \(\cot 24^\circ\) and \(\cot 31^\circ\) (which is 0.581757292) and multiply it by 1000 meters. \(_\square\)

Andrew was flying a kite on a hill, but he dumped his kite into the pond below. If the length of the string of his kite is 150 meters and the angle of depression from his position to the kite is \(30^\circ\), then how high is the hill where he is standing? Let's first draw a diagram for a better understanding of the problem: So it is a right triangle with base angle \(30^\circ\), hypotenuse 150 meters, and the side \(h\) opposite to the given angle being the same as the height of the hill. We use the sine ratio to find the height: \[\begin{align} \sin 30^\circ&=\dfrac{h}{150} \\ \dfrac 12 &=\dfrac{h}{150} \\ \\ \Rightarrow h&=75 \text{ (m)}. \end{align}\] Hence the hill is 75 meters above the lake. \(_\square\)

The angle of elevation of the top of an incomplete vertical pillar at a horizontal distance of 100 meters from its base is 45 degrees. If the angle of elevation of the top of the complete pillar from the same spot is to be 60 degrees, then by how much the height of the incomplete pillar should be increased? Let's draw a diagram to figure out the situation: Let \(BC\) be the height of the incomplete pillar, and \(BD\) the height of the complete pillar. We are given that \(BC=100\text{ m}, \angle BAC = 45^\circ,\) and \(\angle BAD = 60^\circ\). And we assume that the length of \(CD\) is \(x\) meters. In triangle \( ABC\), we know that \[\begin{align} \tan 45^\circ & =\frac{BC}{AB} \\\\ AB & =BC \\ & =100 \text{ m}.\end{align}\] Similarly, in triangle \(ABD\), we know that \[\begin{align} \tan 60^\circ & =\frac{BD}{AB} \\ \sqrt 3 & = \frac{BD}{100} \\\\ \Rightarrow BD & =100 \sqrt 3 \text{ m}.\end{align}\] And from the above figure, \[\begin{align} BD&=BC+CD \\ 100\sqrt3 &=100+x \\\\ \Rightarrow x&=100 \big( \sqrt3 -1 \big) \text{ m}. \end{align}\] Hence the height of the incomplete pillar is to be increased by \(100 \big( \sqrt3 -1 \big) \text{ m} \) to complete the pillar. \(_\square\)

Jim and Ted live on one side of the river, and Martha lives on the other side. The distance across the river is 100 yards. Ted, who lives downstream from Matha, measures an angle of 35 degrees between the shoreline and a straight line leading to Martha's house. Jim, who lives upstream from Martha, measures an angle of 60 degrees. How far apart do Ted and Jim live? First off, a picture will help (to get your "bearing"--no pun intended). The relative positions of Martha, Jim, and Ted are represented in this picture: Now, it is much easier to visualize what is going on. The distance in yards from Jim to the position directly across the stream from Matha is given as \[\tan 60^\circ = \frac{100}{x}.\] And the distance in yards from Jim to the position directly across the stream from Matha is given as \[\tan 35^\circ = \frac{100}{y}.\] So, the distance from Ted to Jim is given by \[\begin{align} \text{Distance} &= x + y \\ &= \frac{100}{\tan 60^\circ} + \frac{100}{\tan 35^\circ}\\\\ &= 57.7 + 142.8 \\ &= 200.5 \text{ (yards)}.\ _\square \end{align}\]

A private plane flies for 1.3 hours at 110 mph on a bearing of 40°. Then it turns and continues another 1.5 hours at the same speed, but on a bearing of 130°. At the end of this time, how far is the plane from its starting point? The bearings tell us the angles from "due north" in a clockwise direction. Since 130 – 40 = 90, the two bearings give us a right triangle. From the times and rates, we have \[\begin{align} 1.3 × 110 &= 143\\ 1.5 × 110 &= 165. \end{align}\] Now, let's give the geometrical shape to our problem and set up a triangle: Using the Pythagorean theorem , we get \[\begin{align} m^2 & =143^2 + 165^2 \\ & =20449 + 27225 \\ & =47674 \\\\ \Rightarrow m & = 218.34. \end{align} \] Hence the plane is approximately 218 miles away at the end of the time. \(_\square\)

Try the following bearing word problems:

A pole of 8-feet height is located on top of a house, right on the edge of the ceiling. From a point on the ground, the angle of elevation to the top of the house is \(17^\circ\) and the angle of elevation to the top of the pole is \(21.8^\circ.\)

Find the height of the house.

A tower stands at the center of a circular park. \(A\) and \(B\) are two points on the boundary of the park such that \(AB\) subtends an angle of \( 60^\circ\) at the foot of the tower and the angle of elevation of the top of the tower from \(A\) or \(B\) is \( 30^\circ.\)

Find the height of the tower.

This section is meant to enhance the problem-solving skills of bearing word problems. Here an example is illustrated followed by some problems for you to attempt:

A six-meter-long ladder leans against a building. If the ladder makes an angle of \(60^\circ\) with the ground, (1) how far up the wall does the ladder reach, and (2) how far from the wall is the base of the ladder? To understand the situation, let's draw a diagram: (1) From the above diagram, we get the following equation to obtain the value of \(h:\) \[\begin{align} \sin 60^\circ & =\dfrac h6 \\ \Rightarrow h & =6 \times \sin 60^\circ \\ & =3 \sqrt 3. \end{align} \] So the ladder can reach \(3\sqrt3 \) meters up the wall. \[\] (2) Similarly, we can get the value of \(b\) as follows: \[\begin{align} \cos 60^\circ &=\dfrac b6 \\ \Rightarrow b&=6 \times \cos 60^\circ \\ &=3. \end{align}\] Hence the base of the ladder is 3 meters from the wall. \(_\square\)

Here are the problems to gain a strong grab over the bearing concept:

The angle of elevation of a cloud from a point \(h\) meters above a lake is \(\theta\). The angle of depression of its reflection in the lake is \(45^{\circ}\). Find the height of the cloud in meters.

Linda measures the angle of elevation from a point on the ground to the top of a tree and finds it to be 35 degrees. She then walks 20 meters towards the tree and finds the angle of elevation from this new point to the top of the tree to be 45 degrees. Find the height of the tree (in meters).

Give your answer to three significant figures.

From the top of a 7-meter-high building, the angle of elevation of the top of a cable tower is \(60°\) and the angle of depression of its foot is \(45°.\) Determine the height of the tower in meters.

If the angles of elevation of the top of a tower from three collinear points \(A, B,\) and \(C\), on a line leading to the foot of the tower, are \(30^{\circ},45^{\circ},\) and \(60^{\circ},\) respectively, then the ratio \(AB:BC\) is \(\text{__________}.\)

Lengths in Right Triangles

Trigonometric Equations

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