write the speech on g20

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Essay on G20 Summit in English: 100, 200 and 500 Words

The G-20 consists of the finance ministers and governors of the central banks of 19 of the world's top economies, plus the European Union and African Union. The goals of the G20 are to—coordinate policies among its members to achieve sustainable growth and global economic stability; advance financial laws that lower risks and avert future financial crises; and establish a new global financial architecture. Here are a few sample essays on the G20 Summit in English.

100 Words Essay on G20 Summit

200 words essay on g20 summit, 500 words essay on g20 summit.

The G20 Summit is an international forum for the governments and central bank governors from 21 major Economies. The summit was established in 1999 to discuss policy issues related to international economic cooperation and development. The 21 countries in the G20 account for approximately 85% of the world's GDP and two-thirds of its population. These countries are—Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, the African Union, European Union, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Russia, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the UK and the USA. The G20 is important for India because it provides a platform for the country to engage with the world's largest economies, promote its economic interests, and address critical global issues.

Importance of G20 For India

The G20 is important for India for several reasons:

Representation: India is one of the countries represented in the G20, giving it a voice in the international forum for discussing policy issues related to the global economy. This provides India with an opportunity to share its perspectives and opinions on key economic issues and to participate in shaping global economic policies.

Economic Growth: The G20 provides a platform for India to engage with the world's largest economies and to promote its economic interests. India can leverage the G20 platform to attract investment and trade, driving its economic growth and development.

Global Issues: The G20 is an important platform for India to address global issues such as climate change, poverty, and inequality. India can work with other G20 countries to solve these issues and promote sustainable and inclusive economic growth.

Financial Stability: The G20 is also relevant for India because it plays a role in enhancing international financial stability. India can participate in discussions on financial regulation and stability, which can help ensure that the global financial system remains stable and resilient.

The G20 also provides India with an opportunity to participate in shaping international economic policies and enhance its financial stability. The 2024 G20 Summit is expected to focus on several key issues, including global economic recovery, promoting sustainable and inclusive economic growth, and addressing inequality and poverty. The leaders will also discuss ways to tackle the climate crisis, strengthen the international trade system, and enhance international financial stability.

One of the major topics of discussion at the 2024 G20 Summit will be around the ongoing climate change issues. The leaders will exchange views on the global response to world climate change. The G20 summit will help in designing some new rules and regulations to save the environment.

Another critical issue to be discussed is the global economy's recovery from the pandemic and the efforts needed to restore growth and create jobs. The leaders will focus on implementing policies that support investment and trade, promoting digital transformation, and addressing the challenges faced by small and medium-sized enterprises.

The 2024 G20 Summit will also provide an opportunity for the leaders to address the climate crisis and work towards a more sustainable and inclusive future. The summit is expected to explore ways to transition to a green economy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions while promoting economic growth and job creation.

The G20 Summit is a critical event for addressing the challenges facing the global community. The leaders will come together to discuss the issues affecting the world's economy, and the need for a sustainable and inclusive economic recovery. The summit will provide an opportunity for leaders to exchange views and work together towards a better future for all. It is a platform that can give new directions to the world.

Relevance of G20 Summit

The G20 Summit is relevant because it provides a platform for the leaders of the world's largest economies to come together and address critical global issues.

The G20 countries represent 85% of the world's GDP and two-thirds of its population, making it a significant forum for international economic cooperation and decision-making.

The G20 Summit allows leaders to exchange views, discuss policy solutions, and coordinate efforts to address major challenges facing the global community. These challenges can range from economic issues such as recession, trade, and investment, to social issues such as poverty, inequality, and climate change.

The G20 Summit is also relevant because it provides a platform for collective action. The leaders can work together to implement policies and initiatives that will have a significant impact on the global economy and society. For example, the G20 has played a crucial role in responding to the global financial crisis of 2008 and in coordinating the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

In conclusion, the G20 Summit is relevant because it brings together the leaders of the world's largest economies to address critical global issues and work towards finding solutions. Its significance lies in its ability to facilitate international cooperation and decision-making, and in its potential to drive collective action and create a better future for all.

Explore Career Options (By Industry)

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Data Administrator

Database professionals use software to store and organise data such as financial information, and customer shipping records. Individuals who opt for a career as data administrators ensure that data is available for users and secured from unauthorised sales. DB administrators may work in various types of industries. It may involve computer systems design, service firms, insurance companies, banks and hospitals.

Bio Medical Engineer

The field of biomedical engineering opens up a universe of expert chances. An Individual in the biomedical engineering career path work in the field of engineering as well as medicine, in order to find out solutions to common problems of the two fields. The biomedical engineering job opportunities are to collaborate with doctors and researchers to develop medical systems, equipment, or devices that can solve clinical problems. Here we will be discussing jobs after biomedical engineering, how to get a job in biomedical engineering, biomedical engineering scope, and salary. 

Ethical Hacker

A career as ethical hacker involves various challenges and provides lucrative opportunities in the digital era where every giant business and startup owns its cyberspace on the world wide web. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path try to find the vulnerabilities in the cyber system to get its authority. If he or she succeeds in it then he or she gets its illegal authority. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path then steal information or delete the file that could affect the business, functioning, or services of the organization.

GIS officer work on various GIS software to conduct a study and gather spatial and non-spatial information. GIS experts update the GIS data and maintain it. The databases include aerial or satellite imagery, latitudinal and longitudinal coordinates, and manually digitized images of maps. In a career as GIS expert, one is responsible for creating online and mobile maps.

Data Analyst

The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.

Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.

Geothermal Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as geothermal engineers are the professionals involved in the processing of geothermal energy. The responsibilities of geothermal engineers may vary depending on the workplace location. Those who work in fields design facilities to process and distribute geothermal energy. They oversee the functioning of machinery used in the field.

Database Architect

If you are intrigued by the programming world and are interested in developing communications networks then a career as database architect may be a good option for you. Data architect roles and responsibilities include building design models for data communication networks. Wide Area Networks (WANs), local area networks (LANs), and intranets are included in the database networks. It is expected that database architects will have in-depth knowledge of a company's business to develop a network to fulfil the requirements of the organisation. Stay tuned as we look at the larger picture and give you more information on what is db architecture, why you should pursue database architecture, what to expect from such a degree and what your job opportunities will be after graduation. Here, we will be discussing how to become a data architect. Students can visit NIT Trichy , IIT Kharagpur , JMI New Delhi . 

Remote Sensing Technician

Individuals who opt for a career as a remote sensing technician possess unique personalities. Remote sensing analysts seem to be rational human beings, they are strong, independent, persistent, sincere, realistic and resourceful. Some of them are analytical as well, which means they are intelligent, introspective and inquisitive. 

Remote sensing scientists use remote sensing technology to support scientists in fields such as community planning, flight planning or the management of natural resources. Analysing data collected from aircraft, satellites or ground-based platforms using statistical analysis software, image analysis software or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a significant part of their work. Do you want to learn how to become remote sensing technician? There's no need to be concerned; we've devised a simple remote sensing technician career path for you. Scroll through the pages and read.

Budget Analyst

Budget analysis, in a nutshell, entails thoroughly analyzing the details of a financial budget. The budget analysis aims to better understand and manage revenue. Budget analysts assist in the achievement of financial targets, the preservation of profitability, and the pursuit of long-term growth for a business. Budget analysts generally have a bachelor's degree in accounting, finance, economics, or a closely related field. Knowledge of Financial Management is of prime importance in this career.

Underwriter

An underwriter is a person who assesses and evaluates the risk of insurance in his or her field like mortgage, loan, health policy, investment, and so on and so forth. The underwriter career path does involve risks as analysing the risks means finding out if there is a way for the insurance underwriter jobs to recover the money from its clients. If the risk turns out to be too much for the company then in the future it is an underwriter who will be held accountable for it. Therefore, one must carry out his or her job with a lot of attention and diligence.

Finance Executive

Product manager.

A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

Operations Manager

Individuals in the operations manager jobs are responsible for ensuring the efficiency of each department to acquire its optimal goal. They plan the use of resources and distribution of materials. The operations manager's job description includes managing budgets, negotiating contracts, and performing administrative tasks.

Stock Analyst

Individuals who opt for a career as a stock analyst examine the company's investments makes decisions and keep track of financial securities. The nature of such investments will differ from one business to the next. Individuals in the stock analyst career use data mining to forecast a company's profits and revenues, advise clients on whether to buy or sell, participate in seminars, and discussing financial matters with executives and evaluate annual reports.

A Researcher is a professional who is responsible for collecting data and information by reviewing the literature and conducting experiments and surveys. He or she uses various methodological processes to provide accurate data and information that is utilised by academicians and other industry professionals. Here, we will discuss what is a researcher, the researcher's salary, types of researchers.

Welding Engineer

Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues. 

Transportation Planner

A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.

Environmental Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as an environmental engineer are construction professionals who utilise the skills and knowledge of biology, soil science, chemistry and the concept of engineering to design and develop projects that serve as solutions to various environmental problems. 

Safety Manager

A Safety Manager is a professional responsible for employee’s safety at work. He or she plans, implements and oversees the company’s employee safety. A Safety Manager ensures compliance and adherence to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) guidelines.

Conservation Architect

A Conservation Architect is a professional responsible for conserving and restoring buildings or monuments having a historic value. He or she applies techniques to document and stabilise the object’s state without any further damage. A Conservation Architect restores the monuments and heritage buildings to bring them back to their original state.

Structural Engineer

A Structural Engineer designs buildings, bridges, and other related structures. He or she analyzes the structures and makes sure the structures are strong enough to be used by the people. A career as a Structural Engineer requires working in the construction process. It comes under the civil engineering discipline. A Structure Engineer creates structural models with the help of computer-aided design software. 

Highway Engineer

Highway Engineer Job Description:  A Highway Engineer is a civil engineer who specialises in planning and building thousands of miles of roads that support connectivity and allow transportation across the country. He or she ensures that traffic management schemes are effectively planned concerning economic sustainability and successful implementation.

Field Surveyor

Are you searching for a Field Surveyor Job Description? A Field Surveyor is a professional responsible for conducting field surveys for various places or geographical conditions. He or she collects the required data and information as per the instructions given by senior officials. 

Orthotist and Prosthetist

Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.

Pathologist

A career in pathology in India is filled with several responsibilities as it is a medical branch and affects human lives. The demand for pathologists has been increasing over the past few years as people are getting more aware of different diseases. Not only that, but an increase in population and lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increase in a pathologist’s demand. The pathology careers provide an extremely huge number of opportunities and if you want to be a part of the medical field you can consider being a pathologist. If you want to know more about a career in pathology in India then continue reading this article.

Veterinary Doctor

Speech therapist, gynaecologist.

Gynaecology can be defined as the study of the female body. The job outlook for gynaecology is excellent since there is evergreen demand for one because of their responsibility of dealing with not only women’s health but also fertility and pregnancy issues. Although most women prefer to have a women obstetrician gynaecologist as their doctor, men also explore a career as a gynaecologist and there are ample amounts of male doctors in the field who are gynaecologists and aid women during delivery and childbirth. 

Audiologist

The audiologist career involves audiology professionals who are responsible to treat hearing loss and proactively preventing the relevant damage. Individuals who opt for a career as an audiologist use various testing strategies with the aim to determine if someone has a normal sensitivity to sounds or not. After the identification of hearing loss, a hearing doctor is required to determine which sections of the hearing are affected, to what extent they are affected, and where the wound causing the hearing loss is found. As soon as the hearing loss is identified, the patients are provided with recommendations for interventions and rehabilitation such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, and appropriate medical referrals. While audiology is a branch of science that studies and researches hearing, balance, and related disorders.

An oncologist is a specialised doctor responsible for providing medical care to patients diagnosed with cancer. He or she uses several therapies to control the cancer and its effect on the human body such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and biopsy. An oncologist designs a treatment plan based on a pathology report after diagnosing the type of cancer and where it is spreading inside the body.

Are you searching for an ‘Anatomist job description’? An Anatomist is a research professional who applies the laws of biological science to determine the ability of bodies of various living organisms including animals and humans to regenerate the damaged or destroyed organs. If you want to know what does an anatomist do, then read the entire article, where we will answer all your questions.

For an individual who opts for a career as an actor, the primary responsibility is to completely speak to the character he or she is playing and to persuade the crowd that the character is genuine by connecting with them and bringing them into the story. This applies to significant roles and littler parts, as all roles join to make an effective creation. Here in this article, we will discuss how to become an actor in India, actor exams, actor salary in India, and actor jobs. 

Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats create and direct original routines for themselves, in addition to developing interpretations of existing routines. The work of circus acrobats can be seen in a variety of performance settings, including circus, reality shows, sports events like the Olympics, movies and commercials. Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats must be prepared to face rejections and intermittent periods of work. The creativity of acrobats may extend to other aspects of the performance. For example, acrobats in the circus may work with gym trainers, celebrities or collaborate with other professionals to enhance such performance elements as costume and or maybe at the teaching end of the career.

Video Game Designer

Career as a video game designer is filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. A video game designer is someone who is involved in the process of creating a game from day one. He or she is responsible for fulfilling duties like designing the character of the game, the several levels involved, plot, art and similar other elements. Individuals who opt for a career as a video game designer may also write the codes for the game using different programming languages.

Depending on the video game designer job description and experience they may also have to lead a team and do the early testing of the game in order to suggest changes and find loopholes.

Radio Jockey

Radio Jockey is an exciting, promising career and a great challenge for music lovers. If you are really interested in a career as radio jockey, then it is very important for an RJ to have an automatic, fun, and friendly personality. If you want to get a job done in this field, a strong command of the language and a good voice are always good things. Apart from this, in order to be a good radio jockey, you will also listen to good radio jockeys so that you can understand their style and later make your own by practicing.

A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.

Choreographer

The word “choreography" actually comes from Greek words that mean “dance writing." Individuals who opt for a career as a choreographer create and direct original dances, in addition to developing interpretations of existing dances. A Choreographer dances and utilises his or her creativity in other aspects of dance performance. For example, he or she may work with the music director to select music or collaborate with other famous choreographers to enhance such performance elements as lighting, costume and set design.

Social Media Manager

A career as social media manager involves implementing the company’s or brand’s marketing plan across all social media channels. Social media managers help in building or improving a brand’s or a company’s website traffic, build brand awareness, create and implement marketing and brand strategy. Social media managers are key to important social communication as well.

Photographer

Photography is considered both a science and an art, an artistic means of expression in which the camera replaces the pen. In a career as a photographer, an individual is hired to capture the moments of public and private events, such as press conferences or weddings, or may also work inside a studio, where people go to get their picture clicked. Photography is divided into many streams each generating numerous career opportunities in photography. With the boom in advertising, media, and the fashion industry, photography has emerged as a lucrative and thrilling career option for many Indian youths.

An individual who is pursuing a career as a producer is responsible for managing the business aspects of production. They are involved in each aspect of production from its inception to deception. Famous movie producers review the script, recommend changes and visualise the story. 

They are responsible for overseeing the finance involved in the project and distributing the film for broadcasting on various platforms. A career as a producer is quite fulfilling as well as exhaustive in terms of playing different roles in order for a production to be successful. Famous movie producers are responsible for hiring creative and technical personnel on contract basis.

Copy Writer

In a career as a copywriter, one has to consult with the client and understand the brief well. A career as a copywriter has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. Several new mediums of advertising are opening therefore making it a lucrative career choice. Students can pursue various copywriter courses such as Journalism , Advertising , Marketing Management . Here, we have discussed how to become a freelance copywriter, copywriter career path, how to become a copywriter in India, and copywriting career outlook. 

In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion. 

Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article. 

For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.

Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.

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Individuals who opt for a career as a reporter may often be at work on national holidays and festivities. He or she pitches various story ideas and covers news stories in risky situations. Students can pursue a BMC (Bachelor of Mass Communication) , B.M.M. (Bachelor of Mass Media) , or  MAJMC (MA in Journalism and Mass Communication) to become a reporter. While we sit at home reporters travel to locations to collect information that carries a news value.  

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Oct 31, 2021

Joe Biden G20 Summit Speech Transcript Rome

President Joe Biden gave a speech on climate change and the supply chain at the G20 Summit in Rome on October 31, 2021. Read the transcript of his speech remarks here.

Transcribe Your Own Content Try Rev and save time transcribing, captioning, and subtitling.

President Joe Biden: ( 00:00 ) I believe we’ve had a series of very productive meetings in the past few days, and I’m looking forward to continuing to make progress on critical global issues as we head off to Glasgow.

President Joe Biden: ( 00:12 ) Because of what we’ve seen again here in Rome, what I think is the power of America showing up and working with our allies and partners to make progress on issues that matter to all of us. And there’s really no substitute for face-to-face discussions and negotiations among the leaders when it comes to building an understanding and cooperation.

President Joe Biden: ( 00:33 ) I found in all of my meetings here, both the larger sessions and the one-on-one sessions, and I had many of those, a real eagerness among our partners and allies for American leadership to help bring the world together and solve some of these big problems.

President Joe Biden: ( 00:48 ) I found my one-on-one engagements with so many of the leaders, and the importance of strong, personal relationships, it never ceases to amaze me when you’re looking at someone straight in the eye when you’re trying to get something done. They know me; I know them. We get things done together.

President Joe Biden: ( 01:07 ) And so, I want to thank the Italian people, by the way, for the G20, for their hospitality, and congratulate Prime Minister Draghi. He did one heck of a job leading the G20 through a difficult year marked by great global challenges, critically among them: ending the pandemic; driving a broad-based, sustainable global economic recovery; and tackling the climate crisis. I believe we made tangible progress on each of these issues, in part because of the commitment that the United States has brought to the table.

President Joe Biden: ( 01:40 ) For example, I’m proud that the G20 endorsed the global minimum tax. This is something the United States has been driving for for over a year, building momentum up to this achievement. And this is an incredible win for all our countries.

President Joe Biden: ( 01:55 ) Instead of nations competing against one another to attract investments by bottoming out corporate tax rates, this set a minimum floor of 15% to ensure that giant corporations begin to pay their fair share, no matter where they’re headquartered, instead of hiding profits overseas.

President Joe Biden: ( 02:13 ) We also agreed to establish a fund in the future for countries that can draw on to help prevent, if necessary, and respond to the next pandemic, prepared for the next time around.

President Joe Biden: ( 02:26 ) Yesterday, together with Prime Minister Johnson and Merkel and President Macron, we came together to reiterate our shared belief that diplomacy is the best way to prevent Iran from gaining a nuclear weapon, and we discussed how best to encourage Iran to resume serious, good-faith negotiations.

President Joe Biden: ( 02:46 ) I also wanted to note that, even as I’ve been here in Rome, as you might guess, and some of you, I suspect, do the same thing, American reporters, I’ve been focused on the vital issues that affect American workers and families at home.

President Joe Biden: ( 02:58 ) I just finished meeting with a broad coalition of partners on how to address the immediate supply chain backlogs that the world has been dealing with and facing, and we’re facing back at home, and how to make sure we have access to all the products we need, from shoes, to furniture, to electronics, to automobiles, to make sure that we talk about how better to secure ourself against these future shocks, whether a pandemic, climate change, or other disasters.

President Joe Biden: ( 03:25 ) And the Build Back Better framework, which is, God willing, going to be voted on as early as, sometime this coming week, that I announced on Thursday includes, for the first time ever, several billion dollars to help strengthen the supply chains to make sure we have access to everything we need. It’s going to give workers and folks making all these products just a little bit of breathing room. The Build Back Better will also going to make it easier for them to afford everything from childcare while they are at work, for their kids; two years of free high-quality preschool.

President Joe Biden: ( 04:01 ) And finally, today I was proud to announce, together with our close EU partners, another critical win for both American workers and the climate agenda.

President Joe Biden: ( 04:13 ) The United States and the European Union have agreed to negotiate the world’s first trade agreement based on how much carbon is in a product, as we negotiated the steel and aluminum tariffs that were in place.

President Joe Biden: ( 04:25 ) We made agreement and, I might add, strong support of the US steelworkers back home. I want to thank Tom Conway, who I spoke to today, president of the United Steelworkers, for his partnership in arriving at this deal.

President Joe Biden: ( 04:39 ) The deal will immediately remove a point of significant tension with our friends in the European Union. And it rejects the false idea that we cannot grow an economy and support American workers while tackling the climate crisis at the same time.

President Joe Biden: ( 04:54 ) We’re talking about a lot, a lot during the G20 and the COP26, but we also know tackling the climate crisis has been a all-hands-on-deck effort. American workers are a critical part of the solution.

President Joe Biden: ( 05:08 ) Now I’m happy to take some questions, and I’m told I should start with AP, Zeke Miller. Zeke, you have a question?

Zeke Miller: ( 05:14 ) Thank you, Mr. President.

President Joe Biden: ( 05:14 ) I didn’t recognize you with the mask on. I apologize.

Zeke Miller: ( 05:23 ) Thank you, Mr. President. Here in Rome, you’ve tried to showcase that America is back. But back at home, your poll numbers have fallen. Your party’s nominee for governor of Virginia is facing a tougher-than-expected race. Your party spent months trying to negotiate the centerpiece of your domestic legislative agenda.

Zeke Miller: ( 05:44 ) We’re one year now since your election. And you have done a lot in your year in office to try to turn the page on the last administration, but we’ve seen how presidents can turn the page very quickly from one to the other. So why should the world believe that when you say America is back, that really it’s here to stay?

President Joe Biden: ( 06:00 ) Because of the way they reacted. You were here. They listened. Everyone sought me out. They wanted to know what our views were. And we helped lead what happened here.

President Joe Biden: ( 06:09 ) It’s just very simple: You know, if you’re honest… You are honest; I didn’t mean to imply you weren’t, but that we got significant support here. Significant support. The United States of America is the most critical part of this entire agenda, and we did it.

President Joe Biden: ( 06:27 ) And, by the way, look, the polls are going to up and down and up and down. They were high early, then they got medium, then they went back up, and now they’re low. Well, look at every other president; the same thing has happened. But that’s not why I ran. I didn’t run to determine how well I’m going to do in the polls. I ran to make sure that I followed through on what I said I would do as President of the United States.

President Joe Biden: ( 06:50 ) And I said that I would make sure that we were in a position where we dealt with climate change; where we moved in a direction that would significantly improve the prospects of American workers being able to have good jobs and good pay; and further, that I would make sure that we dealt with the crisis that was caused by COVID. We’ve done all of those; we continue to do them. And we’ll see what happens, but I’m not running because of the polls.

President Joe Biden: ( 07:15 ) Next question was from Jeff Mason, for Jeff Mason of Reuters.

Jeff Mason: ( 07:23 ) Thank you, Mr. President. A question on climate and energy. Can the world and others be confident that you will be able to follow or make good on the promises on climate change that you have made, when you’re at Glasgow, without a vote having taken place on your bill?

Jeff Mason: ( 07:41 ) And on the same topic, climate: Some NGOs are already saying that the G20 commitments today were underwhelming. How do you respond to their criticism that the G20 response is not a good sign for COP26?

President Joe Biden: ( 07:55 ) I’ll answer both questions.

President Joe Biden: ( 07:56 ) Number one, I believe we will pass my Build Back Better plan, and I believe we will pass the infrastructure bill. Combined, they have $900 billion in climate resistance, in dealing with climate and resilience. And it’s the largest investment in the history of the world that’s ever occurred, and it’s going to pass, in my view. But we’ll see. We’ll see.

President Joe Biden: ( 08:19 ) You’ve all believed it wouldn’t happen from the very beginning, the moment I announced it, and you always seem amazed when it’s alive again. Well, you may turn out to be right; maybe it won’t work. But I believe we’ll see by the end of next week, at home, that it’s passed.

President Joe Biden: ( 08:35 ) With regard to the… And by the way, that infrastructure bill delivers an awful lot of things in terms of everything from tax credits for electric vehicles, to making sure we are able to invest, literally, billions of dollars in everything from highways, roads, bridges, public transit, airports, et cetera. But we’ll see.

President Joe Biden: ( 09:02 ) With regard to the disappointment: The disappointment relates to the fact that Russia and including not only Russia, but China, basically didn’t show up in terms of any commitments to deal with climate change. And there’s a reason why people should be disappointed in that. I found it disappointing myself.

President Joe Biden: ( 09:25 ) But what we did do, we passed a number of things here to end the subsidization of coal. We made commitments here from across the board, all of us, in terms of what we’re going to bring to the G26.

President Joe Biden: ( 09:41 ) I think as that old trite saying goes, “The proof of the pudding will be in the eating.” I think you’re going to see we’ve made significant progress and more has to be done. But it’s going to require us to continue to focus on what China is not doing, what Russia is not doing, and what Saudi Arabia is not doing.

Jeff Mason: ( 10:00 ) One follow-up on energy, sir. You also met with energy consumers about supply. What steps are you considering taking if OPEC Plus does not raise supply? And do you see any irony in pushing them to increase oil production at the same time that you’re going to COP26 to urge people to lower emissions?

President Joe Biden: ( 10:19 ) Well, on the surface, it seems like an irony, but the truth of the matter is, you’ve all known; everyone knows, that the idea we’re going to be able to move to renewable energy overnight and not have, from this moment on, not use oil or not use gas or not use hydrogen is just not rational.

President Joe Biden: ( 10:36 ) Certain things we can wipe out and we don’t have to do. We should be moving immediately to get rid of, as they’ve adopted here my proposal, to end methane, to deal with a whole range of things.

President Joe Biden: ( 10:48 ) But it does, on the surface, seem inconsistent, but it’s not at all inconsistent in that no one has anticipated that this year we’d be in a position, or even next year, that we’re not going to use any more oil or gas; that we’re not going to be engaged in any fossil fuels. We’re going to stop subsidizing those fossil fuels. We’re going to be making significant changes. And it just makes the argument that we should move more rapidly to renewable energy, to wind and solar and other means of energy.

President Joe Biden: ( 11:16 ) But the idea that we’re just going to end and somehow, but it does, on the surface, I admit to you. We’re going to COP to deal with renewable energy, and I’m saying, “Why are you guys cutting off oil and raising the price just to make it look harder for us?” But it’s a legitimate question.

President Joe Biden: ( 11:33 ) I think, though, that if anybody thinks about it, no one ever thought that tomorrow, for example, it’s going to take us between now and 2030 to have half the vehicles in America electric vehicles. So, the idea we’re not going to need gasoline for automobiles is just not realistic. But we will get to the point that, by 2050, we have zero emissions.

President Joe Biden: ( 11:56 ) Jim? Jim Tankersley, New York Times.

Jim Tankersley: ( 12:01 ) Thank you so much. I’d like to actually start by following up on Jeff’s question and then ask you about supply chains as a follow-up to that.

Jim Tankersley: ( 12:07 ) But on the question of oil prices, economists say that when you raise the price of something, people will consume less of it. So why not allow even middle-class people around the world to pay more for gasoline in the hope that they would consume fewer fossil fuels and emit less?

President Joe Biden: ( 12:26 ) Well, because they have to get to their work. They have to get in an automobile, turn on the key, get their kids to school. The school buses have to run. That’s the reason why. You know that, Jim. That’s the reason.

President Joe Biden: ( 12:36 ) The idea that there’s an alternative to walk away from being able to get in your automobile is just not realistic; it’s not going to happen. And this wasn’t intended to happen.

President Joe Biden: ( 12:47 ) And, by the way, when the cost of a gallon of gasoline gets to above $3.35 a gallon, it has profound impact on working-class families just to get back and forth to work. So, I don’t see anything inconsistent with that, but I do think that the idea that Russia and Saudi Arabia and other major producers are not going to pump more oil so people can have gasoline to get to and from work, for example, is not right. And what we’re considering doing on that, I’m reluctant to say before I have to do it.

Jim Tankersley: ( 13:27 ) And then on supply chain, sir: One of the, obviously, big problems in the United States for supply chains is not having enough workers, not enough people to drive trucks to unload at ports, for example, and a lot of other parts in the supply chain. Workers have not returned to the labor force in America as fast as your administration thought they would. Why do you think that is? Why aren’t people coming back to work?

President Joe Biden: ( 13:48 ) Because they’re able to negotiate for higher wages, and they move from one job to another. That’s one of the reasons why. A lot of people don’t want to continue to do the job they did before, making seven, eight, nine bucks an hour. An awful lot of the truck drivers are not unionized truck drivers. They’re working like hell and not getting paid a whole lot.

President Joe Biden: ( 14:09 ) And so what you’re seeing here is a combination of the desire of people to be able to change professions, to be able to do more and take care of their families, and at the same time, dealing with the issue that, in fact, we are short of workers.

President Joe Biden: ( 14:24 ) But worker pay has actually gone up. And we’ve employed 6 million people just since I got elected. So, employment is up. The economy is actually, in spite of all this, still growing. You have the significant number of… I forget the number; I think it was close to 16 major economists acknowledging that what’s going to happen is you’re going to see continued economic growth under our proposals. You had a total of 14, I think it was 14, Nobel laureate economists in economics saying what I’m proposing will reduce the inflation, et cetera. So, there’s a lot going on.

President Joe Biden: ( 15:06 ) Look, we really are. I know you’re tired of hearing me say this. We really are at one of inflection points in history. So much is changing. So many pieces on the table are moving. And how they get resettled depends upon the judgments we make and whether or not the United States, among others, can lead the world in a direction that’s going to increase the circumstances for a higher standard of living for workers here and abroad, as well as making sure that people have an opportunity. As I said, again, I use the phrase, “Just have a little breathing room.”

President Joe Biden: ( 15:36 ) I meant what I said when I ran. My desire was to build this economy from the bottom up and the middle out, not from the top down. And that’s what’s in process of happening. But in the meantime, there’s been enormous changes as a consequence of COVID on the supply chains because why are we having trouble? An awful lot of the very factories and operations that, in fact, produced material that we need for supply chains, in everything from shoes to dealing with computer chips, they’re out sick; they’re not working.

President Joe Biden: ( 16:12 ) And so, it’s changing. The economy is changing, and the United States has to stay ahead of the curve. That’s why I introduced the infrastructure bill. That’s why I also introduced the Build Back Better initiative.

President Joe Biden: ( 16:23 ) The Washington Post, Seung Min Kim. There you are. I’m sorry. I couldn’t see you.

Seung Min Kim: ( 16:33 ) That’s okay. Thank you, Mr. President.

Seung Min Kim: ( 16:35 ) On Iran: How will you determine whether the Iranians are serious about rejoining the nuclear talks, as they have indicated they will do by the end of November?

Seung Min Kim: ( 16:43 ) And what costs are you prepared to impose on Iran if it continues to carry out attacks against the United States, such as the recent drone strikes against US Forces in Syria?

President Joe Biden: ( 16:53 ) Well, in a sense, they’re two different issues. One is whether or not we get to the JCPOA, we rejoin that. And that depends… That’s why I had the meetings with my colleagues here in Rome, who are part of the original group of six nations that got together to say that we should negotiate a change, which I found that I think we’re continuing to suffer from the very bad judgments that President Trump made in pulling out of the JCPOA.

President Joe Biden: ( 17:28 ) And so, that’s one issue. And that issue is going to depend on… Whether and how that gets resolved is going to depend on their action and the willingness of our friends, who are part of the original agreement, to stick with us and make sure there’s a price to pay economically for them if they fail to come back.

President Joe Biden: ( 17:46 ) With regard to the issue of how we’re going to respond to actions taken by them against the interests of the United States, whether they’re drone strikes or anything else, is we’re going to respond. We’re going to continue to respond.

President Joe Biden: ( 18:02 ) ABC, Cecilia Vega. It’s hard to see you guys with a mask on. I apologize.

Cecilia Vega: ( 18:08 ) And the masks are making my glasses fog up, so I apologize too. Thank you, sir.

Cecilia Vega: ( 18:12 ) On climate change: You just mentioned the incentives you have on renewable energy in your Build Back Better plan. You do have a number of incentives, but as it stands right now, there are no punitive measures in this plan to hold these companies accountable. And many experts firmly believe that you’ve got to have the stick along with the carrot in order to get to your goal to reduce emissions by 2030 by 50%. So can you stand here today and say to the world that you definitively will still meet that goal?

President Joe Biden: ( 18:44 ) Yes, I can, because what we’re proposing and what we’ve initiated is everything from getting the automobile makers to commit to going all electric, number one. Getting the unions to agree to do that as well. Making sure we have the investment in battery technology that requires us to have the ability to generate electric vehicles, electric buses, electric transportation grids. Making sure that we are dealing with everything from… Let me go through some of these: that we have tax credits of $320 billion for dealing with alternatives by people getting a tax credit for moving on solar panels, on wind, and a whole range of other things, and winterizing their properties.

President Joe Biden: ( 19:41 ) I don’t think you’re going to need any punitive action to get people to step up and do those things. There’s been no indication that’s the case at all. There’s a total of $555 billion in climate… I’m just checking the numbers to make sure I’m right, and climate investment, in terms of resilience.

President Joe Biden: ( 20:09 ) It’s very much in the interest of the industry to see to it that we move to making sure that we have the resilience to be able to, when those towers come down and the lines end up hitting the ground and burning down large swaths of the West, to bury this underground.

President Joe Biden: ( 20:28 ) There’s a whole range of things. I don’t think we’re going to have to… Everybody knows which direction it’s going. And there’s no indication that there has to be a punitive effort to get people to react the way in which we have to do, at least I don’t believe so.

Cecilia Vega: ( 20:40 ) And a follow-up, sir, if I may. On your meeting with Pope Francis: The more than 50 million Catholics back at home are seeing something play out that has never happened before: this split in the conservative wing of the Catholic Church moving to deny someone like you, a Catholic president, the sacrament of Communion.

Cecilia Vega: ( 21:00 ) For these Catholics back home, what did it mean for you to hear Pope Francis, in the middle of this debate, call you a good Catholic? And did what he tell you, should that put this debate to rest?

President Joe Biden: ( 21:15 ) Look, I’m not going to… A lot of this is just personal. Pope Francis has become a… I don’t want to exaggerate. Has become someone who has provided great solace for my family when my son died. He is, in my view… There’s always been this debate in the Catholic Church, going back to Pope John the 23rd, that talk about how we reach out and embrace people with differences.

President Joe Biden: ( 21:58 ) If you notice what the Pope said when he was asked when he first got elected Pope, he was traveling with the press, and they said, “What’s your position on homosexuals?” He said, “Who am I to judge?”

President Joe Biden: ( 22:09 ) This is a man who is of great empathy. He is a man who understands that part of his Christianity is to reach out and to forgive. And so I just find my relationship with him one that I personally take great solace in. He is a really, truly genuine, decent man.

President Joe Biden: ( 22:32 ) I’ll end by saying that there were an awful lot of people who, and many of you, I’m not putting you in this position; I apologize, but many of you who are even in the press who went out of your way to express your empathy and sympathy when I lost the real part of my soul, when I lost my Beau, my son.

President Joe Biden: ( 22:58 ) And my family will never forget, my extended family, because when I… It was only a matter of days since my son had passed away, and Pope Francis came to the United States to visit with not only President Obama, but with the Catholic Church here. And I was asked if I would accompany him to Philadelphia, to the seminary… Anyway. And I did, but the wounds were still raw of the loss of my son. I had my extended family, and you’re all tired of seeing my extended family. They’re always around. My grandchildren, my children, my wife, my daughters-in-law.

President Joe Biden: ( 23:48 ) And before he left and got on the plane, the Pope asked whether or not he could meet with my family. And we met in a hangar at the Philadelphia Airport. And he came in and he talked to my family for a considerable amount of time, 10, 15 minutes, about my son, Beau. He didn’t just generically talk about him; he knew about him. He knew what he did. He knew who he was. He knew where he went to school. He knew what a man he was. And it had such a cathartic impact on his children and my wife and our family that it meant a great deal.

President Joe Biden: ( 24:43 ) And as I meant what I said, everybody was laughing; I didn’t realize you all were able to film what I was doing with the Pope when I gave him a command coin. I meant what I said. This is a man who is someone who is looking to establish peace and decency and honor, not just in the Catholic Church, but just generically.

President Joe Biden: ( 25:15 ) When I won, he called me to tell me how much he appreciated the fact that I would focus on the poor and focus on the needs of people who were in trouble. Again, I don’t want to talk more about it, because so much of it is personal, but he is everything I learned about Catholicism from the time I was a kid going from grade school through high school. I have great respect for people who have other religious views, but he’s just a fine, decent, honorable man and we keep in touch.

President Joe Biden: ( 26:03 ) I thank you all very, very much for your patience. Thank you. Thank you.

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What is the G20?

This is the first meeting of the Group of 20 (G20) since Italy hosted the 2021 G20 summit in Rome. Image:  Leon Neal/Pool via REUTERS

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Stay up to date:, global governance.

This article was first published in 2016 and has been updated in November 2022.

• Leaders from the world’s twenty largest economies are gathering in Bali, Indonesia this week to discuss the world’s most pressing challenges.
• High on the list of agenda items this year are US-China trade relations, the war in Ukraine and the likely economic recession.
• This is the first meeting of the Group of 20 (G20) since Italy hosted the 2021 G20 summit in Rome.

This year’s Group of 20 (G20) summit is being chaired by Indonesian President Joko Widodo, who has hailed the two-day gathering as an opportunity “to build a healthier, more just, and a more sustainable order” in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The G20 is a forum of the twenty largest economies in the world that meets regularly to discuss the most pressing issues facing the global economy.

Together, the G20 accounts for more than 80% of world GDP, 75% of global trade and 60% of the population of the planet. The current members are Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States, plus the European Union.

What does the G20 discuss?

The G20 started in 1999, following the Asian financial crisis, as a forum for finance ministers and central bank governors from the major developed and emerging economies to discuss global financial issues.

Amid the global financial crisis in 2008, it grew into the leaders’ summit, a place where presidents and prime ministers could get together for two days to try to solve the world’s economic problems.

Successive meetings of G20 leaders were held in Washington DC in 2008, London in early 2009 and Pittsburgh in late 2009, and have since become annual fixtures.

In the run-up to summits, senior officials known as "sherpas" thrash out the issues for discussion, with the aim of getting G20 members to reach agreement at the summit. Like sherpas in the Himalayas, they help guide their leaders through often difficult terrain, and do the diplomatic legwork.

There are also meetings of finance ministers and central bank governors, trade representatives and anti-corruption working groups.

Who is invited?

The G20 presidency rotates between members and is picked from different regions each year. In 2015, the G20 host was Turkey. This year it is China’s turn, with the theme: “Toward an innovative, invigorated, interconnected and inclusive world economy.”

Spain is a "permanent invitee", and the G20 host also invites a handful of guest countries as a way of reaching out to non-members. However, to invite more nations to join the G20 would make decision-making too cumbersome, the thinking goes.

The heads of a number of international organizations also participate, including the International Monetary Fund, the United Nations, the World Bank and the World Trade Organisation.

Why the summit matters

While the G7 is made up of rich countries, the G20 manages to get leaders from both developed and emerging economies around the table, representing a far broader range of views.

It has been credited with reaching important agreements such as the trillion-dollar pledge in 2009 to help struggling economies during the global financial crisis.

Sometimes, however, it has proved hard for such a diverse group of countries to reach consensus. The hope that the G20 agenda would broaden beyond the global economy to include discussion of political issues, such as security and climate change, has not really materialized.

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14 november 2022, opening remarks of the secretary-general at press conference at g20 summit, antónio guterres.

Ladies and gentlemen of the media, 

This G20 summit comes at crucial time.  

Our world is facing the most pivotal, precarious moment in generations.  

People everywhere are getting hit from every direction – battered by runaway climate change and squeezed by a cost-of-living crisis.

Geopolitical divisions are triggering new conflicts and making old ones even more difficult to resolve. 

The G20 is ground zero for bridging divisions and finding answers to these crises and more.  

First, climate – the defining challenge of our age.  

I have just come from the COP27 Summit in Sharm el-Sheikh.    The goal of limiting global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees is slipping away.

We are dangerously close to tipping points at which climate chaos could become irreversible. 

Science tells us that global heating beyond that limit poses an existential threat to all life on earth. 

But global emissions, and temperatures, continue to rise. 

I tend to agree that insanity consists in doing the same thing over and over again and expecting a different result. It is obvious we need a new approach.  

And so, I have proposed a historic pact between developed and emerging economies – a Climate Solidarity Pact that combines the capacities and resources of developed and emerging economies for the benefit of all. 

G20 countries are responsible for 80 per cent of global emissions. 

G20 leaders can make or break the Climate Solidarity Pact that I intend to present again tomorrow. 

Under this pact, they would make extra efforts this decade to keep the limit of 1.5 degrees alive.  

Wealthier countries and International Financial Institutions would provide financial and technical assistance to help the emerging economies accelerate their renewable energy transition.

The Climate Solidarity Pact can save lives, livelihoods, and our planet. 

It can help end dependence on fossil fuels while providing universal, affordable, sustainable energy for all.  

Second, the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals. 

The SDGs are issuing an SOS.

Developing countries cannot access the finance they need to reduce poverty and hunger, and invest in sustainable development. 

I therefore urge G20 economies to adopt an SDG stimulus package that will provide governments of the Global South with investments and liquidity, and offer debt relief and restructuring. 

This will enable emerging economies to invest in healthcare, education, gender equality and renewable energy. To invest in their people and rescue the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. 

The SDG Stimulus is a minimal and necessary step to ease the food and energy crises and prevent further suffering and hardship down the line. 

G20 countries are the world’s most powerful economies, with a majority on the boards of Multilateral Development Banks, and so they can and must make it happen. 

My interventions at this Summit will focus on the food and energy crises, and on the digital transformation of our economies and societies. 

My message on food is that we need urgent action to prevent famine and hunger in a growing number of places around the world. 

The Black Sea Grain Initiative, and efforts to ensure Russian food and fertilizers can flow to global markets, are essential to global food security. 

The Black Sea Grain Initiative has already helped to stabilize markets and bring food prices down.  

Every fraction of a percent eases hunger and save lives. 

Meanwhile, we must do more to ease the global fertilizer crunch.  

Fertilizer prices are up to three times higher than before the pandemic, and we are working to end all obstacles to the free flow of Russian food and fertilizers to global markets. 

Our engagement with the European Union, the United States and the United Kingdom has helped remove many of the impediments to market access. 

These products are not subject to sanctions, but suffer indirect impacts. 

And so, we are working nonstop to resolve all remaining issues, chiefly around payments, and to renew the Black Sea Grain Initiative. 

On energy, the war in Ukraine has clearly demonstrated the dangers of our addiction to fossil fuels. It is the best possible argument for the fastest possible transition to renewable energy.

And on digital transformation: the world is looking for leadership.

Powerful tech companies are running roughshod over human rights and personal privacy and providing platforms for deadly disinformation, in pursuit of profits. 

Let’s be clear: disinformation kills. Undermining public health kills and these are life-and-death issues. 

We urgently need global guardrails on technology, and I will suggest a way forward based on a Global Digital Compact for an open, free, secure and inclusive internet. 

A Compact to deliver on universal connectivity; on a human-centred digital space that protects free speech and privacy; and on the safe and responsible use of data.  

I am also calling for a global code of conduct that promotes integrity in public communications and promotes information literacy.  Ladies and gentlemen of the media,

Today, as we welcome the eight billionth member of our growing human family, we must think ahead. By 2050, the world’s population will be approaching ten billion. 

Action – or inaction – by the G20 will determine whether every member of our human family has a chance to live sustainably and peacefully, on a healthy planet. 

And thank you for your attention. I’m at your disposal to answer a few questions.

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G20 Summit: What India showed the world — and what it hid

Modi’s face and India’s diplomatic nous were on display. But from monuments to food, India’s diversity was denied a stage.

New Delhi, India – India is a country of 1.4 billion people. But the only face you see everywhere in the capital these days, after two days of hosting world leaders for the Group of 20 (G20) summit , is that of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

You see him not only at the airport and at the grand venue that was recently constructed to host the summit, but on practically every road, every few feet. Sometimes, two car lengths, at most. It’s a one-man show.

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Having spent many of my growing and working years in New Delhi, the changes in the city for this mega event stand out.

Schools and offices were shut for the summit, roads blocked for so-called VIP movement. Sometimes you had to wait 15 minutes to cross a street as police cars barricaded them.

Vendors, otherwise ubiquitous on Indian streets and selling everything from fruits and vegetables to clothes, shoes and household items, were missing the past few days. They need a daily income from their sales to survive – but clearly don’t figure in the Modi government’s agenda to push India as the voice of the long-suffering Global South.

On some streets, there aren’t even the stray dogs that are a staple of all neighbourhoods. They, too, were rounded up.

But if Modi was the hero of the diplomatic extravaganza, monkeys were the designated menace. Life-sized cut-outs of langurs have been put up to scare the monkeys that can run rampage in Central Delhi, which hosts most major embassies and hotels, and is close to the summit venue.

The relatively heavy rain cooled temperatures in the capital but the partly flooded roads also showed that you may spruce up the city but until you really fix the infrastructure, things are not really going to change.

It’s at the venue, however, that the deep stamp of Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) – which will stand for national elections next year – was most visible.

The old exhibition halls at Pragati Maidan – which means “field of progress” in Hindi and previously hosted anything and everything from international trade fairs to book fairs and auto shows – have been replaced with a grand new convention centre called the Bharat Mandapam. It’s a Sanskrit name, where Bharat refers to India, while a mandapam is the front porch of a Hindu temple.

Just with that name, the exhibition ground moves away from its secular, humdrum past.

The grounds are supposed to be the biggest exhibition space in the country. And as the official information tells you, there are more seats than the Sydney Opera House. But it’s next to one of the busiest roads in the city and near the Supreme Court of India, so it’s not really easy to get that many people to visit in one go anyway.

Unless the government pulls out all the stops to do just that.

The cavernous, warehouse-like halls have barren grey walls, currently hidden behind large G20 billboards and video clips of the different cultural trips the delegates and their spouses have undertaken in the past year.

The billboards are covered with images of the lotus flower. That is India’s national flower but it is also the BJP’s election symbol. And it is everywhere. Even in the official logo of the G20.

The video clips playing on the walls tell a story too. They show glimpses of Hampi – a UNESCO World Heritage site which was also the capital of a 14th-century Hindu empire – of Khajuraho temples and of the Nathdwara temple dedicated to the Hindu god Krishna’s avatar.

What you don’t see in the videos is also telling. You don’t see the Jama Masjid, one of the most iconic sites in the capital. I didn’t spot any churches. The Taj Mahal, India’s most famous landmark and heritage site, built by the Mughal dynasty that is reviled by the rulers of today, gets only a photo on one of the walls. The Golden Temple, the holiest shrine of Sikhs in India, gets a tiny video clip.

The WiFi, good at the start, dropped during the first day as more users logged on and set up hotspots. The support staff was super prompt in trying to fix the wavering network, although not always successfully.

Then there was the language. In the media briefing ahead of the summit, and in Modi’s speeches, India was repeatedly described as the world’s largest democracy, the voice of the Global South. The theme of the summit was one earth, one family, one future.

But that jars with the reality we know on the ground where think tanks, academics and media groups are all being muzzled. Not to mention the numerous attacks on minority communities, including an attack on a mosque in Gurgaon, on the outskirts of the Indian capital, where an imam was killed last month.

It also belies the tough behind-the-scenes diplomacy where there were efforts to divide the room into the Global South and the rest of the world, people familiar with the matter told me. Not all developing nations fell in line with that line, though, even as the G7 members were berated on various accounts. Speaking of divisions, China and Russia, unsurprisingly, opposed the United States’s move to host the G20 in 2026.

Brazil, as next year’s host of the G20, will have its work cut out to iron out those creases .

I had a lot of time on hand to look at and think about the visuals on display. That’s because the Indian government, unlike past summits including the recent G7 in Japan, has not allowed anyone but the state media into the conference rooms where leaders speak.

The US White House press corps was furious about not being allowed into either the bilateral meetings – as is the norm for them – or summit talks. (Some members were also upset when they were not allowed to take their water bottles inside.)

All we got on the first morning of the summit was a few minutes of Modi’s opening speech. It was in such chaste Hindi (and the English translation didn’t come until an hour later) that no one really understood that the African Union had been admitted into the G20. A big moment, nevertheless.

As one member of my tribe said in absolute frustration: “Can anyone tell me why I’m here?”

Maybe for the food. The food was plentiful – vegetarian offerings from across the country although I’d have wanted some of the millets the country has been pushing instead of the deep-fried, and delicious, cocktail samosas and kachoris.

A first for me was the cans of water, which felt a bit odd seeing the whole idea at the summit of creating an environmentally sustainable life. And while the yam kebab was yummy, a mutton galouti kebab is a mutton galouti kebab – and it is unparalleled.

I cannot leave out the shopping. The crafts bazaar has stalls from different states selling wares as wide-ranging as coffee from Nagaland and beaded earrings from Arunachal Pradesh to temple saris from Tamil Nadu and stunning, and huge, Buddha statues.

There was something for every price point and with the shops shut for parts of the city because of the summit, I made sure I got my fix there.

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FACT SHEET: Delivering an Ambitious Agenda for the   G20

When President Biden took office, he committed to restore the United States’ leadership role in the world, rebuild our relationships abroad, and champion an economic agenda at home and abroad to deliver sustainable and inclusive growth for American families—and families everywhere. This week, at the G20 Summit in New Delhi, President Biden continued to deliver on those commitments. Leading by example and working with partners around the world, the United States and the G20 delivered for developing countries, for our shared planet, and for an inclusive and responsible digital transformation. At a moment when the global economy is suffering from the overlapping shocks of the climate crisis, fragility, and conflict—including the immense suffering unleashed by Russia’s war in Ukraine—this year’s Summit proved that the G20 can still drive solutions to our most pressing issues. The United States is committed to the G20 and to building on the progress made in India’s G20 Presidency, starting with Brazil’s Presidency in 2024 and South Africa’s Presidency in 2025. In a sign of the President’s steadfast commitment to the G20 as the premier forum for international economic cooperation, the United States will host the G20 in 2026. As President Biden called for last year at the U.S.-Africa Leaders’ Summit, the United States is also pleased to have supported and now welcome the African Union as a permanent member of the G20, a reflection of both the G20’s vitality and the important role of Africa in the global economy. Delivering for Developing Countries At the midpoint of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, compounding crises have resulted in a stalling or reversal of development gains. In New Delhi, President Biden and other G20 leaders committed to implement the G20 2023 Action Plan to Accelerate the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The United States remains committed to the full implementation of the 2030 Agenda, both at home and around the world. At home, President Biden is rebuilding the American economy from the bottom up and middle out and making historic investments in our infrastructure, our people, and our climate. These policies have enabled the United States to have the strongest recovery of any major economy. As the world’s largest bilateral donor of official development assistance, the United States is working to help develop countries support their development priorities in areas like inclusive growth, infrastructure, education, health and health security, and resilient and sustainable food systems. Recognizing that public funding alone is not enough, President Biden is championing an ambitious agenda to mobilize significant additional financing for development from all sources—public and private, domestic and international. At the G20, he delivered key elements of that agenda.

• Delivering a better, bigger, more effective World Bank.  The United States is championing a major effort to fundamentally reshape the multilateral development banks to meet 21 st  century challenges. Over the last year, the World Bank, with the backing of the G20, has made meaningful progress in unlocking new financing capacity and advancing operational reforms. Under Ajay Banga’s leadership, the World Bank is set to play a transformative role in addressing global challenges. Last month, President Biden asked Congress for funds to unlock more than $25 billion in World Bank Group concessional financing. In New Delhi, he rallied G20 partners to agree to collectively mobilize more headroom and concessional finance to boost the World Bank’s capacity to support low- and middle-income countries. This initiative will make the Bank a better and bigger institution able to provide resources at the scale and speed needed to tackle global challenges and address the urgent needs of the poorest countries.
• Supporting countries that fall into economic crisis.  President Biden called on the G20 as leaders in the global economy to provide meaningful debt relief so that low- and middle-income countries can regain their footing as they seek to recover from compounding economic shocks in the last few years, and invest in critical development needs. Leaders in New Delhi committed to redouble efforts to resolve ongoing debt distress cases—like Ghana and Sri Lanka. President Biden made it clear that the United States expects meaningful progress by the World Bank and IMF Annual Meetings in October. 
• Make financing more sustainable . President Biden pressed leaders to think beyond our current frameworks to provide new solutions to help translate unsustainable debt into transformative investments. The U.S. Development Finance Corporation has provided such financing to facilitate more than $1 billion in debt for nature swaps in the Western Hemisphere and Africa—unlocking funds for countries to tackle the climate and biodiversity crises and to invest in other critical development needs. At the G20, President Biden also pressed all creditors—including the private sector and multilateral development banks—to offer climate resilient debt clauses in their lending. The U.S. Export Import Bank is preparing to do so in select bilateral lending, in line with its governance framework.
• Developing transformative economic corridors and scaling high-quality investments through the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment (PGI).  At an event co-hosted by President Biden and Prime Minister Modi, President Biden and partners announced a landmark India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor that will usher a new era of connectivity from Europe to Asia, facilitating global trade, as well as cooperation on energy and digital connectivity. President Biden also announced a new partnership with the European Union to expand investments in the Lobito Corridor. The President called on partners to deploy public capital to strategically leverage the expertise and financing of the private sector to help secure and diversify 21st century energy supply chains, expand digital connectivity, increase electricity access, bolster food security, and strengthen health systems.

Working for a Just Peace in Ukraine President Biden is engaging with countries around the world in pressing for a just peace in Ukraine based on sovereignty and territorial integrity. One and a half years after Russia’s illegal and unjustified aggression against Ukraine, G20 leaders joined President Biden in welcoming efforts to secure “a just peace that upholds all the Purposes and Principles of the UN Charter.” G20 leaders emphasized that countries must refrain from the threat or use of force to seek territorial acquisition against any state’s territorial integrity and sovereignty. G20 leaders also united in highlighting the human suffering and severe economic impacts of the war against Ukraine. The statement highlighted that major economies from around the world – including Brazil, India, South Africa – are united in the need for Russia to uphold international law including territorial integrity and sovereignty.  Delivering on Food Security Since the beginning of his Administration, President Biden has made global food security a priority and galvanized collective action to respond to the global food crisis. The United States has committed more than $15.2 billion in critical humanitarian assistance and medium- to long-term food security investments around the world. These investments have helped countries address acute needs and avert famine, as well as diversify their supply chains. At the G20, President Biden championed an agenda focused on mitigating the acute food crises the world is facing today, as well as working together with G20 countries to mitigate against future shocks. 

• Addressing the food security crisis exacerbated by Russia’s unlawful war in Ukraine.  Russia has intensified its attack on global food security with its July decision to withdraw from the Black Sea Grain Initiative (BSGI)—which was responsible for nearly 33 million tons of food exports, about two-thirds of which went directly to middle- and lower-income countries—and its attacks on Ukraine’s port infrastructure to prevent Ukrainian grain shipments from getting to those who need it most. The United States continues to lead the charge to mitigate the impact of Russia’s invasion on world food security and to provide food assistance to the most vulnerable populations in the world. In addition to the more than $15.2 billion that the United States has provided since 2021 to address famine and food insecurity, the Biden-Harris Administration and G7 leaders have rallied the world to contribute an additional over $4.5 billion for acute and medium to long term food security assistance, half of which came from the United States. At the G20, President Biden was unequivocal in calling on Russia to stop weaponizing food, which is causing immense human suffering around the world. G20 leaders united to call for the full, timely and effective implementation of the BSGI.   
• Building more resilient food systems to mitigate against future food shocks . Collective G20 action is necessary to help address global food, climate, and supply chain shocks, prevent hunger and build more sustainable, inclusive, and resilient agriculture and food systems. In New Delhi, President Biden joined G20 leaders in committing to keep food supply chains and trade open, including for agricultural inputs like fertilizer and seeds; adopt and expand climate-smart agricultural practices; invest in critical agricultural infrastructure; promote innovative agricultural research and innovation; and use digital technology to help lower production and transportation costs and diversify access to new global food markets.

Delivering on Global Health Challenges The United States is the world’s largest bilateral donor for global health and is committed to working alongside the G20 to build a safer, more equitable future. This includes working together to invest in health equity through vaccine distribution, expanding and improving access to health systems, and facilitating the availability of quality services to historically marginalized groups. It also includes strengthening health systems and institutions; combatting infectious diseases including HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria; advancing sexual and reproductive health and rights, and accelerating efforts towards universal health coverage.

• Improving pandemic preparedness and response.  Last year, President Biden galvanized the world to help launch a new Pandemic Fund to fill critical gaps in pandemic preparedness and global health security, committing $450 million and unlocking an additional $1 billion in initial contributions from nearly two dozen countries and philanthropies. This year, the Pandemic Fund is a reality, and recently concluded its first call for proposals, approving $338 million in grants to 37 countries across 6 regions to strengthen disease surveillance and early warning systems and laboratories. In New Delhi, President Biden made it clear that the G20 cannot lose its focus on improving pandemic preparedness, prevention, and response. To this end, he has committed an additional $250 million in planned funds to the Pandemic Fund.
• Building stronger health systems.  As we emerge from the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries’ health systems are struggling to restore access to basic services, like routine childhood immunization and maternal health care. To help the world get back on track, President Biden launched the  Global Health Worker Initiative  in 2022, recognizing that a health workforce that is supported, equipped, and protected is necessary to reclaim lost ground from the pandemic and prepare for future health threats. President Biden urged G20 leaders to commit to reverse the first global decline in life expectancy in more than seven decades. G20 leaders committed to work together to strengthen primary health care and restore essential health services to better than pre-pandemic levels by the end of 2025.  
• Tackling the overdose crisis : G20 leaders came together for the first time to elevate counternarcotics challenges, and synthetic drugs in particular, as a G20 priority. Leaders recognized the shared public health threats posed by synthetic drugs and committed to enhanced information sharing and capacity building to address these challenges, advancing the critical actions the Biden-Harris Administration is taking to address the overdose crisis at home.

Delivering for Our Planet Building a clean energy economy here at home is one of President Biden’s top priorities. But climate change is an issue that requires global action, and the G20 is collectively responsible for about 80 percent of global emissions. In New Delhi, President Biden secured commitments to ensure the G20 continues to set its collective ambition high to address the climate crisis.

• Tripling global renewable energy capacity by 2030.  At home, President Biden signed into law the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) to increase investments in clean energy technologies. Outside estimates report that the IRA has already created more than 170,000 jobs and will create 1.5 million over the next decade. And the IRA will expand clean energy supply, speed global adoption, and drive down technology costs by as much as 25 percent globally. I In New Delhi, President Biden and G20 leaders committed to pursue efforts to triple global renewable energy capacity by 2030, encouraging more countries to follow the IRA playbook of investing in clean energy manufacturing and deployment, creating jobs, and fighting climate change.
• Recognizing the need to peak global emissions by 2025 . President Biden successfully urged the G20 to join together in acknowledging, for the first time, the need to peak global emissions by no later than 2025, and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 43 percent by 2030, and 60 percent by 2035, relative to 2019 levels. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that these actions are critical to achieving global net zero greenhouse gas emissions/carbon neutrality by or around mid-century and limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
• Encouraging countries to incorporate economy-wide targets covering all greenhouse gases into their nationally determined contributions.  G20 nations have the ability to reduce their emissions in a way that meaningfully supports the full and effective implementation of the Paris Agreement and its temperature goals. With President Biden’s leadership, G20 countries for the first time urged all countries to include economy-wide targets covering all greenhouse gases in upcoming cycles for Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).
• Launching the Global Biofuels Alliance.  Sustainable biofuels are critical to facilitating net zero by 2050. Advanced biofuels can be sustainably produced from abundant organic material—and supplied by reliable trading partners like the United States. In New Delhi, the G20 Presidency launched the Global Biofuels Alliance with the United States as a founding member along with India, Brazil, Italy, Canada, Argentina, and South Africa. This new Alliance will bring countries together to expand and create new markets for sustainable biofuels.

Delivering an Inclusive and Responsible Digital Transformation The digital transformations underway offer the potential to improve the lives of our citizens if they are harnessed responsibly and in a way that drives broadly shared growth. In order to realize the benefits of these technologies, President Biden believes it is necessary to address the barriers to inclusive access and to shape regulatory and governance approaches to maximize their benefits while mitigating their risks. This is the agenda that he championed in New Delhi.

• Harnessing AI responsibly, for good and for all.  President Biden championed an approach to AI that includes a commitment to responsible AI development, deployment, and use, to leverage AI to solve pressing challenges while protecting people’s rights and safety.
• Cutting the digital gender divide in half by 2030.  Globally, approximately 260 million more men than women were using the internet in 2022—a divide that undermines women’s full participation in the 21 st  century economy. President Biden successfully secured a commitment from G20 leaders to halve the digital gender gap by 2030. To help meet this commitment, the United States announced a Women in the Digital Economy Initiative, convening partners from government, the private sector, and civil society to accelerate efforts to close the gender digital divide.
• Improving access to digital services to boost sustainable and inclusive growth.  President Biden joined other G20 leaders in taking steps towards unlocking the benefits of digital public infrastructure (DPI), stressing the importance of prioritizing secure, inclusive, and accountable approaches to DPI, built and leveraged by both the public and private sectors, that respect human rights and protect personal data, privacy, and intellectual property rights.

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Come together ‘for the common good’, UN chief urges G20 leaders

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UN Secretary-General António Guterres has arrived in New Delhi for the annual G20 summit with a “simple but urgent appeal” for world leaders in attendance: come together to solve humanity’s biggest challenges.

Speaking on the eve of the G20 summit of advanced economies, which will take place in the Indian capital on 9-10 September, Mr. Guterres said global leadership was especially needed in two priority areas – climate action and sustainable development.

‘No time to lose’

“We have no time to lose. Challenges stretch as far as the eye can see,” the Secretary-General told a press conference. 

He warned that the world was in a difficult transitional moment, faced with rising inequality and poverty and hunger levels and yet a distinct lack of global solidarity.

“We cannot go on like this. We must come together and act together for the common good.”

Lead on climate action

Mr. Guterres noted that G20 member countries were the world’s major producers of greenhouse gases, responsible for 80 per cent of total global emissions, and therefore needed to demonstrate greater leadership on climate action.

“Leadership means keeping the 1.5-degree goal alive; rebuilding trust based on climate justice; and advancing a just and equitable transition to a green economy.”

He added that leadership also meant wealthier countries finally delivering on their long-standing funding commitments to help developing countries meet their targets for reducing emissions, such as through the Green Climate Fund.

The Secretary-General said leaders must also take concrete action to ensure the world achieves the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on schedule by 2030.

Specific actions include:

• Funding an SDG stimulus of at least $500 billion
• Setting up an effective mechanism to reduce the debt burden on poorer countries
• Changing the business model of multilateral development banks to leverage private finance on a much larger scale
• Shifting subsidies away from fossil fuels to more productive uses

‘Catalyze SDG progress’

Mr. Guterres said that “together, these actions would catalyze SDG progress and help developing economies invest in key transitions across energy, food systems, digital, education, health, decent jobs and social protection.”

He added that significant progress towards the Goals was still within reach so long as there was goodwill from all countries, regions and groups. 

The UN chief will be taking part in the annual G20 summit this weekend, presided over by India with the theme of One Earth, One Family, One Future .

He echoed that message during Friday’s press conference underlining that “we must act together as one family to save our one Earth and safeguard our future.”

Essay on G20

Students are often asked to write an essay on G20 in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on G20

Introduction.

G20, short for Group of Twenty, is an international forum for governments and central bank governors. It consists of 19 countries and the European Union.

Members of G20

The member countries are Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Importance of G20

The G20 was formed to discuss policy issues pertaining to the promotion of international financial stability. It seeks to address issues that go beyond the responsibilities of any one organization.

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250 Words Essay on G20

Introduction to g20.

The Group of Twenty (G20) is an international forum for the governments and central bank governors from 19 countries and the European Union. Established in 1999, the G20 aims to discuss policy issues pertaining to the promotion of international financial stability.

Member Countries and Influence

The G20 members include a mix of the world’s largest advanced and emerging economies, representing about two-thirds of the world’s population, 85% of global gross domestic product, and over 75% of global trade. The influence of the G20 extends beyond its core members due to its economic and political weight.

Role and Function

The primary role of the G20 is to prevent future international financial crises. It seeks to shape the global economic agenda, by fostering dialogue amongst key countries within the global economic system. The G20 has no permanent staff or headquarters, making it a flexible and informal forum.

Significance and Criticism

The G20’s significance lies in its capacity to facilitate international economic cooperation. However, it has been criticized for its lack of transparency, accountability, and representation of smaller or less developed countries.

Despite its criticisms, the G20 remains an important platform for dialogue and decision-making at the highest levels of government and central banking. Its ability to adapt and respond to global economic challenges will continue to shape its relevance in the years to come.

500 Words Essay on G20

The Group of Twenty, popularly known as G20, is an international forum for governments and central bank governors from 19 countries and the European Union. Established in 1999, the G20 aims to discuss policy issues pertaining to the promotion of international financial stability. It seeks to address issues that go beyond the responsibilities of any one organization.

Member Nations and Structure

The G20 comprises 19 countries: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, and the European Union. These economies represent around 85% of the gross world product (GWP), 80% of world trade, two-thirds of the world population, and approximately half of the world’s land area. The G20 operates without a permanent secretariat or staff, and its chairmanship rotates annually among its members.

Role and Importance

The G20 plays a pivotal role in global economic governance. Amidst the global financial crisis of 2008, the G20 was instrumental in preventing the global economy from slipping into a depression. It did so by coordinating national fiscal stimulus packages, enhancing the resources of international financial institutions, and initiating a financial sector reform agenda.

Challenges and Criticisms

Despite its significant role, the G20 has been criticized for its lack of representation and transparency. Critics argue that many countries, especially those from Africa, are underrepresented. Furthermore, decisions are often made behind closed doors, with little input from non-member countries. The G20’s effectiveness has also been questioned given the persisting global economic imbalances and the lack of enforceability of its decisions.

Future of G20

The future of the G20 hinges on its ability to adapt and respond to global challenges. Climate change, income inequality, and digital transformation are just a few issues that require a coordinated international response. The G20’s capacity to effectively address these issues will determine its relevance in the coming years.

The G20, as a forum for international economic cooperation, plays a crucial role in the global economic landscape. While it has its share of criticisms, its contribution to mitigating the effects of the 2008 financial crisis is noteworthy. As we move forward, the G20 must strive to enhance its representation, transparency, and effectiveness to address the pressing challenges of our time.

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Policy Priorities for the G20: One Earth, One Family, One Future

At a time of heightened uncertainties for the global economy, India’s strong performance remains a bright spot. So, it’s fitting that Group of Twenty finance ministers and central bank governors will gather in Bengaluru this week.

This will be another challenging year. But it could represent a turning point—with inflation declining and growth bottoming out. Indeed, while  our latest projections  show global growth slowing to 2.9 percent this year, we anticipate a modest rebound to 3.1 percent in 2024.

Look behind the headline numbers and we see emerging market and developing economies providing much of the momentum. We expect them to account for about four-fifths of global growth this year, with India alone expected to contribute more than 15 percent.

But beyond its role as a global growth engine, India is uniquely positioned to bring countries together.

In a world facing multiple challenges and rising geopolitical tensions, this leadership is critical—and beautifully captured in the theme of India’s G20 presidency: One Earth, One Family, One Future .

Let me share my view of what this spirit of “one” represents for policymakers and for all of us as a global community.

First, one family means solidarity and protecting the vulnerable.

The reality is that growth is still subpar and price pressures are still too high. And, after three years of shocks, too many economies and people are still hurting badly.

Around the world, many households struggle to make ends meet because of the high cost of living. Millions cannot afford fuel for heating or cooking. Successive shocks have increased poverty, jeopardizing decades of progress. And, notwithstanding some easing in food prices, a record 349 million people in 79 countries face acute food insecurity .

Supporting the vulnerable is vital in all countries.

Fiscal measures should be temporary and laser-focused on protecting those who are most in need—always good practice, but even more important as countries grapple with increasingly limited resources and higher debt. In most countries, targeted measures need to be coupled with gradual fiscal tightening to rebuild buffers and ensure debt sustainability.

Meanwhile, bringing inflation back to target  remains imperative. To get there, policymakers need to stay the course on monetary tightening. Aligning fiscal and monetary policies will help. Clear communication of these policy goals is vital to avoid a sudden repricing in financial markets.

While the global tightening cycle is necessary to ensure price stability, policymakers must be mindful of adverse spillovers to emerging and developing economies—including through a stronger US dollar and capital outflows. While financial conditions have improved since the G20 last met, providing some modest relief, we have seen how higher borrowing costs exacerbate the vulnerability of economies with heavy external debt burdens.

About 15 percent of low-income countries are in debt distress and an additional 45 percent are at high risk of debt distress. And among emerging economies, about 25 percent are at high risk and facing “default-like” borrowing spreads.

Here, solidarity means better mechanisms to restructure debt. Under the G20’s Common Framework , Chad reached an agreement with its creditors at the end of last year, and Zambia and Ghana are progressing toward debt resolution. But the ground rules need to be clarified and the processes made more efficient and effective.

To accelerate debt restructuring efforts, the IMF, World Bank, and India’s G20 presidency are convening a new Global Sovereign Debt Roundtable . This week in Bengaluru, we will meet in‑person for the first time—and pave the way for creditors, both public and private, and debtor countries to work together, assess the existing shortcomings and best ways to tackle them.

In this more shock-prone world, some emerging and developing economies will also require additional financial support. So, a well-resourced global financial safety net, with the IMF at its center, is more important than ever.

Think of how the Fund has stepped up to support our family of nations since the start of the pandemic. Over $272 billion for 94 countries of which about $34 billion was fast-disbursing emergency financing. The historic SDR allocation of $650 billion to boost our members’ reserves. And a new Food Shock Window  provides fast access to resources for countries hit hardest by the food security crisis.

Now, further solidarity is needed to stand as one with the low-income and vulnerable members of our family to ensure they can still access concessional IMF financing in times of distress and to guard against future crises. Others with the strength and capacity to do so need to stand up and help address fundraising shortfalls—especially on subsidy resources in the Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust —and deliver additional contributions to the new Resilience and Sustainability Trust . This also means determination to advance the 16 th General Review of Quotas  so we can complete it by the end of the year.

Second, one earth means protecting our planet, our home.

We are witness to the increasingly severe and pervasive effects of climate change — an existential threat to humanity that we can only fight as a collective. We must band together as one family in defense of our one earth.

Our collective goal of delivering on the Paris Agreement and boosting resilience will require policies that can help redirect trillions of dollars towards green projects. Consider smarter regulation, price signals and well targeted subsidies that incentivize low-carbon investment or financial innovations that mobilize more private capital.

Here the IMF’s advice and financial support is working in tandem to mitigate the massive climate-related risks to economic and financial stability. The first wave of pilot countries accessing the Resilience and Sustainability Trust demonstrate how we are helping vulnerable countries set up the right policies and create an environment conducive to climate-friendly investments. Alongside this, we are coordinating with others—including multilateral development banks and the private sector—who have a key role to play in reducing investment risks .

To be sure, there are signs of progress, as major economies realign their fiscal frameworks to accelerate the green transition. But policies should stay focused on that transition—rather than providing a competitive advantage to domestic firms. “Green subsidies” for early-stage technologies can be helpful—look at how they lowered the global price of solar energy. They must, however, be carefully designed to avoid wasteful spending or trade tensions, and to make sure that technology is shared with the developing world.

In other words, we must not slide into protectionism. This would make it even more difficult for poorer countries to access new technologies and support the green transition.

The health of our earth is essential to our future. But it is not the only ingredient.

One future means ensuring everyone can prosper.

In an era of technological transformation, how policymakers manage the potential of digital progress can be central to a fair and inclusive future. Think of the revenue and compliance gains from digital tax administration; greater transparency through online procurement that helps fight corruption; and the accountability of digital public financial management systems that can strengthen the social contract.

India’s Unified Payments Interface is an excellent example of technology boosting financial inclusion. Last month alone, this layer of India’s digital public infrastructure processed over 8 billion transactions. And that system allows 400 million people in rural areas to participate with legacy ‘push-button’ cellphones.

This is just the beginning. Most IMF member countries are now actively evaluating central bank digital currencies  (CBDCs) that could bring substantial benefits, such as more resilient payments in disaster-prone countries and greater financial inclusion. India has conducted an in-depth assessment  of CBDCs, which could inform similar studies elsewhere, accelerating digital progress worldwide.

Yet any new financial technology also comes with risks.

The recent collapse of some prominent crypto exchanges has intensified concerns about market integrity and user protection. That is why we need the right policies—for example, to strengthen financial regulation and develop global standards that can apply evenly across borders. The IMF’s work on crypto assets is particularly focused on macro-financial policies.

The idea of maximizing upsides while avoiding missteps lies at the heart of the IMF’s capacity development work. Our objective is to be a transmission line of best practice across our entire membership.

This spirit of “one” should guide us as we move forward.

To achieve the goals of ‘ One Earth, One Family, One Future’ , we need to find common ground even as geopolitical tensions are rising. And we need to steer clear of zero-sum policies that would only leave the world poorer and less secure.

As Indian Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore once said: “ You can’t cross the sea merely by standing and staring at the water .”

For G20 policymakers, this means having the courage to take the right actions, steering the ship we are all on to safe harbor.

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Countries Hurt by War and Fragility Need Strong Global Partnerships, Resources

Supporting fragile and conflict-affected states in an age of compound crises is essential for global stability

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India's G20 presidency a symbol of inclusion, says PM Modi | Full text

Delivering his opening remarks at the g20 leaders' summit, prime minister narendra modi said india's g20 presidency represented a symbol of inclusion and togetherness. read the full speech here..

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Saturday gave his opening remarks at the G20 Leaders’ Summit at the Bharat Mandapam in Delhi and said India's G20 presidency had become a symbol of inclusion and togetherness within and outside the country. He called on world leaders to transform the global trust deficit into confidence in order to find new solutions to age-old challenges.

Here is the full text of PM Modi's remarks at the G20:

Your Highnesses, Excellencies, Namaskar!

Before starting the formal proceedings, on behalf of all of us, I would like to express my heartfelt condolences to the people affected by the earthquake that occurred in Morocco a moment ago. We pray that all the injured people get well soon. The entire world community is with Morocco in this difficult time, and we are ready to provide them with all possible assistance.

Your Highnesses, Excellencies,

As the President of the G20, India extends a warm welcome to all of you.

At the place where we are gathered today, just a few kilometres away from here, stands a pillar that is nearly two and a half thousand years old. Inscribed on this pillar in the Prakrit language are the words:

'àä¹àå‡àäµàä® àä²àå‹àä•àä¸àä¾ àä¹àä¿àääàä®àåàä–àå‡ àääàä¿, àä…àäå àä‡àäïàä® àäèàä¾àääàä¿àä¸àå àä¹àå‡àäµàä®'

‘The welfare and happiness of humanity should always be ensured.’ Two and a half thousand years ago, the land of India gave this message to the entire world.

Let us begin this G20 Summit by remembering this message.

The 21st century is a time that has the potential to give a new direction to the entire world. It's a time when years-old challenges demand new solutions from us. Therefore, we must move forward by fulfilling all our responsibilities with a human-centric approach.

After Covid-19, a huge crisis of lack of trust has come into the world. Conflict has deepened this trust deficit.

Just as we can overcome Covid, we can also overcome this crisis of mutual trust.

Today, as the President of the G20, India invites the entire world to come together and, first and foremost, transform this global trust deficit into global trust and confidence.

This is a time for all of us to walk together, and the mantra of 'Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Vishwas, and Sabka Prayas' can become a guiding light for all of us.

Whether it is a turbulent global economy, or the North-South divide, or the distance between East and West, Management of food, fuel and fertiliser, Or dealing with terrorism and cybersecurity, Or ensuring health, energy and water security,

We must move towards concrete solutions for these challenges, not just for the present but also for future generations.

India's G20 presidency has become a symbol of inclusion, both within the country and beyond, representing the spirit of 'Sabka Saath'.

It has become a 'People's G20’. Millions of Indians have engaged with it.

Over 200 meetings have been held in more than 60 cities across the country.

It was in the spirit of 'Sabka Saath' that India proposed permanent membership for the African Union in the G20. I believe that we all agree on this proposal.

With your consent, before we proceed with further proceedings, I invite the Chairperson of the African Union to take their place as a permanent member of the G20. Published By: Prateek Chakraborty Published On: Sep 9, 2023 ALSO READ | In ‘Bharat’ nameplate for PM’s seat at G20, a big statement amid renaming buzz ALSO READ | At G20, India proposes new text on Ukraine crisis, reports of ‘compromise’

Key takeaways from the 2023 G20 summit in New Delhi

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African union inside the club, u.s., saudi, india join hands for transport corridor, incremental progress on climate change, modi boosts standing as india's big moment arrives.

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English Translation of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi’s remarks at the unveiling of logo, theme and website of India’s G20 Presidency via video conferencing

My dear countrymen, and the family members of the global community,

After a few days, from December 1 onwards, India will be holding the G-20 Presidency. This is a historic occasion for India. Today, in this context, the website, theme and logo of this summit have been launched. I congratulate all the countrymen on this occasion. Friends, The G-20 is a group of countries whose economic potential represents 85 percent of the world's GDP. The G-20 is a group of those 20 countries that represent 75 per cent of the world's trade. The G-20 is a group of those 20 countries that comprise two-third of the world's population. And India is now going to lead and chair this G-20 group. You can imagine what a big opportunity has come before the country in the ‘Amrit kal’ of independence. It is a matter of pride for every Indian; it is a matter of increasing ones pride. And I am happy that the G-20 summit, the curiosity and activism about the events related to it in India is constantly increasing. The countrymen have also played a big role in the creation of this logo that has been launched today. We had asked the countrymen for their valuable suggestions for the logo, And I am very happy to know that thousands of people sent their creative ideas to the government. Today, those ideas, those suggestions are becoming the face of such a big global event. I extend my heartfelt thanks to all for this effort. Friends, This logo of the G-20 is not just a symbol. It's a message. It's a feeling that is in our veins. This is a resolution that has been included in our thinking. The spirit of universal brotherhood that we have been living through the mantra of 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' is being reflected in this logo and the theme. In this logo, the lotus flower is depicting India’s mythological heritage, our faith, our intellectualism, all these together. The contemplation of Advaita here has been the philosophy of the unity of the living being. Through this logo and theme, we have given the message that this philosophy should become a medium to solve today's global conflicts and dilemmas. Through the G-20, India is giving new energy to the global reputation of Buddha's message for freedom from war and Mahatma Gandhi's solution in resistance to violence. Friends, India's G20 presidency is coming at a time of crisis and chaos in the world. The world is going through the after-effects of a disruptive once-in-a-century pandemic, conflicts and lot of economic uncertainty. The symbol of the lotus in the G20 logo is a representation of hope in these times. No matter how adverse the circumstances, the lotus still blooms. Even if the world is in a deep crisis, we can still progress and make the world a better place. In Indian culture, both the Goddess of knowledge and prosperity are seated on a lotus. This is what the world needs most today. Shared knowledge that helps us overcome our circumstances, and shared prosperity that reaches the last person at the last mile. This is why, in the G20 logo, the earth is placed on a lotus too. The seven petals of the lotus in the logo are also significant. They represent the seven continents. Seven is also the number of notes in the universal language of music. In music, when the seven notes come together, they create perfect harmony. But each note has its own uniqueness. Similarly, G20 aims to bring the world together in harmony while respecting diversity. Friends, It is true that whenever there is a conference of big platforms like G-20 in the world, it has its own diplomatic and geo-political implications. It's also natural. But for India, this summit is not just a diplomatic meeting. India sees this as a new responsibility for itself. India sees this as the world's faith in itself. Today, there is an unprecedented curiosity in the world to know India, to understand India. Today, India is being studied in a new light. Our current successes are being assessed. Unprecedented hopes are being expressed about our future. In such a situation, it is the responsibility of us countrymen to do much better than these hopes and expectations. It is our responsibility to introduce the world to India's thinking and strength, to India's culture and social power. It is our responsibility to enhance the knowledge of the world with the intellectualism of our thousands of years old culture and the modernity contained in it. The way we have lived the idea of 'Jai-Jagat' for centuries and millennia, today we have to bring it alive and present it to the modern world. We have to connect everyone. Everyone has to be made aware of global duties. They have to wake up to their own participation in the future of the world. Friends, Today, as India is going to chair the G-20 Presidency, this event is a reflection of the strength of 130 crore Indians for us. Today India has reached this point. But, behind this is our very long journey of thousands of years, infinite experiences. We have seen thousands of years of opulence and splendour. We have also seen the darkest period in the world. We have seen days where we have been forced to live centuries of slavery and darkness. Faced with so many invaders and atrocities, India has reached here today with a vibrant history. Today, those experiences are India’s biggest strength in its development journey. After independence, we started a long journey starting from zero, targeting the peak. This includes the efforts of all the governments that have been in power for last 75 years after independence. All the governments and the citizens together tried to take India forward in their own way. We have to move forward with this spirit today with a new energy. Friends, India's thousands of years old culture has taught us one more thing. When we strive for our progress, we also envision global progress. Today India is such a rich and living democracy of the world. We also have the values of democracy, and a proud tradition in the form of mother of democracy. India has as much diversity as it has uniqueness. This democracy, this diversity, this indigenous approach, this inclusive thinking, this local lifestyle, and these global thoughts, today the world is looking at solutions to all its challenges in these ideas. And, the G-20 can come in handy as a big opportunity for this. We can show the world that the scope of conflicts ends when democracy becomes a system as well a ritual and culture. We can assure every human in the world that both progress and nature can go hand in hand. We have to make sustainable development a part of individual LiFE instead of mere government systems and expand it further. Environment must become a global cause as well as a personal responsibility for us. Friends, Today, the world is looking for health instead of cure. With our Ayurveda, our Yoga, about which there is a new belief and enthusiasm in the world, we can create a global system for its expansion. Next year the World is going to celebrate the International Year of Millets, but we have given many coarse grains a place in the kitchen of our houses for centuries. Friends, India's achievements in many areas are such that they can also be useful to other countries of the world. For example, the way India has used digital technologies for development, for inclusion, to eradicate corruption, to increase ease of doing business, ease of doing governance and ease of living, all these are models and templates for developing countries. Similarly, today India is progressing in women empowerment and women-led development. Our schemes like Jan Dhan accounts and Mudra have ensured financial inclusion of women. Our experience in various such fields can be of great help to the world. And India's G-20 Presidency is coming as an important medium to take all these successful campaigns to the world. Friends, Today's world is looking at collective leadership with great hope. Whether it is G-7, G-77 or UNGA. In this environment, India's role as G-20 president is very important. India, on the one hand, maintains close relations with developed countries, and at the same time understands and articulates well, the point of view of developing countries. On this basis, we will outline our G-20 Presidency with all the friends of the 'Global South' who have been India's co-passengers for decades on the path of development. Our effort will be that there should not be any first world or third world in the world, but only one world. India is working on a vision to bring the whole world together for a common objective, for a better future. India has called for renewable energy revolution in the world with the mantra of One Sun, One World, One Grid. India has launched a campaign to strengthen global health with the mantra of One Earth, One Health. And now our mantra in G-20 is - One Earth, One Family, One Future. These ideas of India, these values, pave the way for world welfare. Friends, Today I have a request to all the state governments of the country and all the political parties as well. This event is not only central government event. This event is organized by us Indians. G-20 is also a great opportunity for us to see our tradition of 'Atithi Devo Bhava'. Events related to G-20 will not be limited to Delhi or a few places only. Each of our states has its own characteristics, its own heritage. Every state has its own culture, its own beauty, its own aura and its own hospitality. Rajasthan's hospitality invitation is - Padharo Mhare Des! Gujarat's loving welcome - Tamaru Swagat Che! This love is seen in Malayalam in Kerala - Ellavarkum Swagatam! 'Heart of Incredible India' Madhya Pradesh says - Aap ka Swagat hai! Welcome in Meethi Bangla in West Bengal - Apnake Swagat Jaanai! Tamil Nadu, Kadegal Mudi-Vadilaye, says - Thangal Varava Nal-Var-Vahuhaa

UP's request is - if you have not seen UP, you have not seen India. Himachal Pradesh a Destination for All Seasons and All Reasons calls us i.e. 'For every season, for every reason'.Uttarakhand is simply heaven. This hospitality, this diversity amazes the world. Through G-20, we have to convey this love to the entire world. Friends, I am visiting Indonesia next week. There will be a formal announcement to handover the G-20 Presidency to India. I urge all the states of the country, all the state governments, to expand the role of their state in this as much as possible, take advantage of this opportunity for their state. All the citizens, intellectuals of the country must also come forward to be a part of this event. On the just launched website, all of you can send your suggestions for this, reveal your views. Your suggestions and partnerships on how India enhances its role for the welfare of the world will give a new height to the success of an event like G-20. I am confident that this event will not only be memorable for India, but will also assess it as an important opportunity in the history of the future world. With this wish, once again heartiest congratulations to all of you. Thanks a lot!

DISCLAIMER - This is the approximate translation of Prime Minister’s remarks. Original remarks were delivered in Hindi.

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Essay on G20 Summit 2023 in English for School Students

Essay on g20 summit delhi: the g20 summit 2023 is being held in new delhi, india. students must understand how important this is for our nation. check this english essay on g20 summit 2023 and amaze your teachers and friends with your knowledge.

About G20 Summit 2023

The 18th G20 Summit is the high point of a year filled with G20 activities. The G20 Summit 2023 is being held in Delhi, India from September 9 and September 10, 2023.

Who are G20 Members?

When did india join the g20, what is the theme of the 2023 g20 summit delhi, which country will host the g20 presidency in 2024, 200 words essay on g20 summit 2023.

The G20 Summit stands as a pivotal international gathering where the leaders and central bank governors from 20 of the world's most influential economies come together to deliberate on matters of global economic significance. Established in 1999, this summit was conceived to facilitate discussions surrounding policy issues concerning international economic cooperation and development.

The G20 member nations collectively wield tremendous economic power, representing a staggering 85% of the world's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and a majority of the global population. These member countries include Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, the European Union, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Russia, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

For India, the 2023 G20 is of paramount importance. It serves as a platform through which the nation can engage with the world's foremost economic players, advocating for its economic interests and addressing pressing global concerns. India, with its rapidly growing economy and substantial population, seeks to leverage this forum to not only safeguard its own interests but also to contribute to the resolution of critical global challenges, such as climate change, trade, and economic stability.

Importance of the G20 Summit

Together, the G20 members account for approximately 85% of the world's total economic output (GDP), more than 75% of worldwide trade, and nearly two-thirds of the global population, making it a vital forum for international economic cooperation. The G20 Summit is important as it serves as a platform for the leaders of the world's largest economies to collaborate on pressing global matters. 

At the G20 Summit, leaders exchange ideas, deliberate on policy solutions, and coordinate efforts to tackle various global challenges, encompassing economic issues like recessions, trade, and investments, as well as social concerns like poverty, inequality, and climate change.

Importance of India’s G20 Summit Presidency 2023

G20 is the premier forum for international economic cooperation representing around 85% of the global GDP, over 75% of the global trade, and about two-thirds of the world population.

During the course of its G20 Presidency, India will host about 200 meetings in 32 different sectors in multiple locations across India.

• According to Prime Minister Modi, this term can be an opportunity for India to share its expertise with the world in areas of women empowerment, democracy and digital technologies.
• As a country with core democratic values, India can show the world that the scope of conflict can come to an end when democracy becomes a culture. This gains significance amidst the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict.
• India’s foreign policy is focusing on the ‘global common good’. Through its G20 leadership, India hopes to extend this principle towards finding sustainable solutions to some of the key global challenges emerging out of the interconnectedness of the world, such as climate change, new and emerging technologies, food and energy security, etc.
• This would be the first time when the Troika would consist of three developing countries and emerging economies.
• It is hoped that as a result there would be a shift in the balance of power within the G20 favouring emerging economies to have a greater share in decision-making at this grouping.
• The G-20 Presidency presents a great opportunity for India to correct the long-standing anomalies that go against developing countries, especially in the domain of agriculture and food subsidies.

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• Home ›   Media Center ›   Speeches & Statements

English translation of Prime Minister’s opening remarks at the G20 Summit

September 09, 2023

Your Highnesses, Excellencies, Namaskar! Before starting the formal proceedings, on behalf of all of us, I would like to express my heartfelt condolences to the people affected by the earthquake that occurred in Morocco a moment ago. We pray that all the injured people get well soon. The entire world community is with Morocco in this difficult time, and we are ready to provide them all possible assistance. Your Highnesses, Excellencies, As the President of the G-20, India extends a warm welcome to all of you. At the place where we are gathered today, just a few kilometers away from here, stands a pillar that is nearly two and a half thousand years old. Inscribed on this pillar in the Prakrit language are the words: 'हेवम लोकसा हितमुखे ति, अथ इयम नातिसु हेवम' Meaning, ‘The welfare and happiness of humanity should always be ensured.’ Two and a half thousand years ago, the land of India gave this message to the entire world. Let us begin this G-20 Summit by remembering this message. The 21st century is a time that has the potential to give a new direction to the entire world. It's a time when years old challenges demand new solutions from us. Therefore, we must move forward by fulfilling all our responsibilities with a Human Centric approach. Friends, After Covid-19, a huge crisis of lack of trust has come in the world. Conflict has deepened this trust deficit. Just as we can overcome COVID, we can also overcome this crisis of mutual trust. Today, as the President of the G-20, India invites the entire world to come together and, first and foremost, transform this Global Trust Deficit into global trust and confidence. This is a time for all of us to walk together, and the mantra of 'Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Vishwas, and Sabka Prayas' can become a guiding light for all of us. Whether its a turbulent global economy, or the North-South divide, or the distance between East and West, Management of Food, Fuel, and Fertilizer, Or dealing with Terrorism and Cybersecurity, Or ensuring Health, Energy, and Water Security, We must move towards concrete solutions for these challenges, not just for the present but also for future generations, Friends, India's G-20 presidency has become a symbol of inclusion, both within the country and beyond, representing the spirit of 'Sabka Saath'. It has become a 'People's G-20’. Millions of Indians have engaged with it. Over 200 meetings have been held in more than 60 cities across the country. It was in the spirit of 'Sabka Saath' that India proposed permanent membership for the African Union in the G-20. I believe that we all agree on this proposal. With your consent, before we proceed with further proceedings, I invite the Chairperson of the African Union to take their place as a permanent member of the G-20. DISCLAIMER - This is the approximate translation of Prime Minister's Press Statement. Original Press Statement were delivered in Hindi.

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• India at 2047

'India's G20 Presidency Has Become A Symbol Of Inclusion': Full Text Of PM Modi Speech At G20 Summit

In his inaugural address at the g20 summit, prime minister narendra modi said that india's "g20 presidency has become a symbol of 'sabka sath' inside and outside of the country.".

By: ABP News Bureau | Updated at : 09 Sep 2023 03:53 PM (IST)

PM Modi on Saturday addressed the first sitting of the G20 Summit. ( Image Source : X/@narendramodi )

New Delhi: Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Saturday addressed the first sitting of the G20 Summit being held at Pragati Maidan Bharat Mandapam. During the first session, ‘One Earth’, Modi welcomed world leaders including US President Joe Biden and UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, and called upon the world to together transform the global trust deficit into one of trust and reliance. 

"India's G20 Presidency has become a symbol of 'Sabka Sath' inside and outside of the country. This has become the people's G20 in India and over 200 meetings were held across the country," PM Modi said.

Here is the full text of Prime Minister Modi's speech at the inaugural session of the G20 Summit.

Your Highnesses, Excellencies, As the President of the G-20, India extends a warm welcome to all of you. At the place where we are gathered today, just a few kilometers away from here, stands a pillar that is nearly two and a half thousand years old. Inscribed on this pillar in the Prakrit language are the words: 'हेवम लोकसा हितमुखे ति, अथ इयम नातिसु हेवम' Meaning, ‘The welfare and happiness of humanity should always be ensured.’ Two and a half thousand years ago, the land of India gave this message to the entire world. Let us begin this G-20 Summit by remembering this message. The 21st century is a time that has the potential to give a new direction to the entire world. It's a time when years old challenges demand new solutions from us. Therefore, we must move forward by fulfilling all our responsibilities with a Human Centric approach. Friends, After Covid-19, a huge crisis of lack of trust has come in the world. Conflict has deepened this trust deficit. Just as we can overcome COVID, we can also overcome this crisis of mutual trust. Today, as the President of the G-20, India invites the entire world to come together and, first and foremost, transform this Global Trust Deficit into global trust and confidence. This is a time for all of us to walk together, and the mantra of 'Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Vishwas, and Sabka Prayas' can become a guiding light for all of us.

Whether its a turbulent global economy, or the North-South divide, or the distance between East and West, Management of Food, Fuel, and Fertilizer, Or dealing with Terrorism and Cybersecurity, Or ensuring Health, Energy, and Water Security,

We must move towards concrete solutions for these challenges, not just for the present but also for future generations.

Friends, India's G-20 presidency has become a symbol of inclusion, both within the country and beyond, representing the spirit of 'Sabka Saath'. It has become a 'People's G-20’. Millions of Indians have engaged with it. Over 200 meetings have been held in more than 60 cities across the country. It was in the spirit of 'Sabka Saath' that India proposed permanent membership for the African Union in the G-20. I believe that we all agree on this proposal. With your consent, before we proceed with further proceedings, I invite the Chairperson of the African Union to take their place as a permanent member of the G-20."

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ABP NEWS GROUP WEBSITES

Joko Widodo Speech on Grand Opening of G20 Indonesia

G20 Indonesia

TIMESINDONESIA, BALI – Joko Widodo or also known as Jokowi The President of Indonesia has officially opened the G20 Indonesia summit. The president open the summit on Tuesday morning (15/11/2022).

Jokowi greet and welcome all the world's leaders coming to The Purva Kempinski, Nusa Dua, Bali. The march starting from the President of IsDB M Sulaiman Al Jasser to the President of United States Joe Biden. 

Once everyone in, Jokowi officially open the summit and deliver some short speech related to democracy, dialogue, and peace. Here is his complete speech delivered during the grand opening. 

Excellencies, leaders, good morning, I here by declare the G20 Summit open.

Welcome to Bali. Welcome to Indonesia. It is an honor for Indonesia to host the G20 summit. I fully understand it has been a great effort for us to sit together in this room.

The honorable leaders, the world is facing a remarkable issues, there has been lots of crisis going on, the Ocvid-19 pandemic has not end yet, rivalry keep going on, war happens. 

And the effect of the crisis was the food stability, energy, and finance was affecting the world especially the developing countries.

The fertilizer issue can't be set a side. If we don't take further step so there will be enough fertilizer, then 2023 will be a dark days. The high price of fertilizer make insufficient food supply. the absence of fertilizer makes the world unable to do the harvest.

there are 48 developing countries which wait for the lack of food supply and are facing serious issues. 

Furthermore, we have to see the DNA of international law which being tested. 

Excellencies, the eye of the world is on us, whether will we create more success or yet another failure. To me, G20 has to be success and can't be fail. Indonesia has to struggle as they could be a path to unite a huge gap. 

But the success is could only be achieved if we all without any exception commit and work hard to set aside the difference to create something real, something beneficial for the world. 

Excellencies, Indonesia has 17.000 islands, 1300 ethnicity, and  more than 700 different languages. Democracy has been applied starting from the village level; head of village election, to the country governance; presidential election, governor, regent and mayor.

As a democratic country, Indonesia realize the importance of dialogue to blend difference into one. And the G20 must to have the same vibrant about it.

We have no other option. Paradigm of collaboration is badly needed to save the world. 

We all have responsibility not only for our people but also for people of the world. Being responsible, means respecting international laws and principles of the UN Charter consistently. Being responsible means creating win-win not zero some situation. 

Being responsible here are also means that we must end the war. If the war has not end, it will be difficult for the world to move forward. If the world does not end, it will be difficult for us to take responsibility, for future of current generation, and future generations.

We should not divide world into parts, we must not allow the world fall into another cold war.

Excellencies, Indonesia expecting the G20 could be a path to lead the inclusive economic recovery. in the middle of this hard time, Indonesia has worked all the time to get a real achievement, or preparing some finance to face the outcoming pandemic through pandemic fund, help some countries with low GDP with their fiscal space through resilience and sustainability trust, supporting the acceleration of SDGs, creating hundreds real cooperation, and supporting a developed and sustainable economic recovery   through Bali Compact about the energy transition. 

We are not just talk about it but make it real.

Last but not least, let's show the world that we can be subtle and responsible and show some leadership.

Let's work and cooperate together for the world. Recover Together, Recover Stronger.

Joko Widodo or Jokowi closed his speech by taking the media outside and start the  G20 Indonesia  summit with all the world's leaders in it. (*)

**) Ikuti berita terbaru TIMES Indonesia di Google News klik link ini dan jangan lupa di follow.

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Ladies and Gentlemen, Distinguished Members of Press, good evening and welcome. We have just completed the very first Ministers and Governors Meeting of G20 under the Turkish Presidency. We actually completed our meeting about one hour before the scheduled time mostly because our Deputies have done an excellent job of making the good work ahead of time and leave for us, for the Ministers and Governors not really a big debate at the end of the day. So, as all the G20 meetings, we finalized our Communique with consensus of all the members of G20. It’s been a very productive meeting, a very good start out for an entire year. I would like to express my sincere appreciation for all those who attended the meetings at different levels and we hope that by the end of this year, by Antalya Summit, Leaders’ Summit, we will be achieving quite a...

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Distinguished Ambassadors, Ladies and Gentlemen, Distinguished Guests, very warm welcome. At the outset, I would like to express my appreciation to all of you for being here today with us. 2015 is a special year for Turkey for many reasons, but also especially because of the fact that we are chairing G-20 throughout this year. Throughout our presidency, we are going to be putting a lot of effort on the G-20 agenda. G-20 is a voluntary platform for discussing global economic and financial issues, and it has a very big agenda under 11 different headings. G-20 is discussing many issues of global interest and it works by consensus. G-20 represents about two thirds of the world population and 75% of the world trade, 85% of the global GDP. But on the other hand, G-20 doesn’t cover all the countries of the world. So, when we announced our G-20 presidency...

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Universities must resist the pressures of politicization.

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Kirkland Hall

The protests roiling American universities have been cast as the most recent skirmish in the fight over free speech on campus. In fact, they are something more. They are the latest and most dramatic example of the politicization of our colleges and universities by actors across the political spectrum. If we want to understand the dangers inherent in this development, history offers an example.

In 1810, philosopher and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt established an institution of higher learning unlike any the world had ever seen—the University of Berlin, now Humboldt University. It was a university dedicated not to the mere transmission of knowledge, but to its creation , by professors and students alike, in a living-learning community that fostered development of students’ full selves. This required a firm commitment to academic freedom and the protection from political influence by the state or other political actors.

Over the next century, Humboldt’s university became the greatest in the world. Its scientists produced groundbreaking work in physics, chemistry and medicine. Before World War I, 15% of Nobel prizes were won by University of Berlin faculty. Other German universities based on the Humboldt model led in fields from physics to history.

Humboldt’s impact in the U.S. was just as great. Johns Hopkins and The University of Chicago were founded on his model. Others, like Vanderbilt and the Ivies, abandoned their ecclesiastical roots and adopted Humboldt’s approach. James Kirkland, Vanderbilt’s second and longest-serving chancellor, was heavily influenced by the German model, as were many of Vanderbilt’s early leading faculty.

Yet despite its profound impact on the research university as we know it today, the University of Berlin is a cautionary tale.

After the Nazis destroyed its scientific eminence, the university found itself on the wrong side of the Iron Curtain and under the thumb of the East German communist regime. It has only slowly recovered. At its 200-year anniversary, its leader, Christoph Markschies said, “Today, nobody anywhere in the world is prepared to take this university…as a model.”

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American universities should take note.

Our greatest threat today comes not from dictatorships of decades past, but from politicization on both the left and the right.

Conservative voices accuse universities of being woke factories, while progressives attack higher ed institutions for being inequality machines. The Israel-Gaza conflict has polarized college campuses to a degree unseen since the 1960s. Universities are in the crosshairs of Congress , and campus protests are crossing the line into violence and student arrests— even at Vanderbilt .

How should universities respond? The only viable path is to be clear about their purpose and values, and uphold the principles—like academic freedom, free speech, and civil discourse— that support them.

Principles are curious things. They have broad support in calm weather. But when the storms of political passions rage, that support starts to waver. Now, political commitments and moral convictions, carried with absolute certainty by true believers, carry the day. A university is then faced with the pressure to make an exception to its values and principles just this once, because the issue at hand seems to demand it. And thus, decision by decision, values and principles are eroded until they no longer provide guidance at all.

At the end of last year, Vanderbilt received two petitions from alumni on opposite sides of the Israel-Gaza conflict. One wanted the school to adopt tactics advocated by the Boycott, Divest and Sanction movement, and condemn Israel for genocide. The other wanted the university to voice strong support for Israel and adopt the definition of antisemitism proposed by the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance.

Vanderbilt refused the demands of the first petition because the university, in keeping with our commitment to institutional neutrality, doesn’t boycott or divest from companies doing business in or with specific nations, unless required by law. What’s more, if Vanderbilt adopted BDS principles, it would put the university in violation of Tennessee law.

Vanderbilt also rejected adoption of the IHRA definition of antisemitism because adopting it would have severely limited our faculty’s freedom to research and teach what they want, how they want, which is rightly among the most cherished values on any college campus. Vanderbilt has faculty who study and teach the history and meaning of antisemitism. Adopting any official definition would violate institutional neutrality and limit their freedom to explore ideas as they see fit.

Let me be clear: Vanderbilt strongly condemns antisemitism, Islamophobia, xenophobia and other forms of hate. But when a university takes political stances or tries to provide official solutions to areas of active scholarship and debate, it undermines academic freedom and invites lobbying and advocacy of exactly the kind we’ve seen in recent months and turns the university into one more political battlefield. This erodes a university’s unique purpose: the pursuit of knowledge and truth.

Preventing the politicization of universities is vital, not only to protect academic freedom and freedom of speech. The stakes are even higher. Once schools enter the world of politics, the rules change. No one should confuse the reasoned discourse appropriate for a college campus with the rough-and-tumble circumstances of real-life politics.

Vanderbilt naturally encourages faculty and students to be civically engaged and to debate and advocate for their political beliefs. But it becomes a problem when members of our community feel so strongly about their point of view that they reject the clearly stated values of the university, attack its principles and fully commit themselves instead to political struggle.

The University of Berlin shows us that universities, like democracies, are fragile. Once we enter the game of politics, we weaken our purpose and play a different game—one we might very well lose.

This is why Vanderbilt practices and preaches institutional neutrality. This is why we provide an open forum, where all viewpoints can be heard. This is why we expect even our fiercest arguments to be respectful and fact-based. And this is why we set clear rules for how we express our opinions on this campus, and why we enforce them. Because there is too much at stake for us to do otherwise and risk losing our university or any other to the unchecked forces of politicization.

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Colin Jost sleepwalked through his White House Correspondents Dinner speech

When your best joke of the evening is about how donald trump looks like "the grinch had sex with the lorax," things are clearly looking rough.

Tonight was the annual White House Correspondents Dinner, when America celebrates its most teeth-grittingest night of blazing-tepid comedy. Yes, the annual tradition that sees Washington D.C.’s funniest people prove that depressing reality in dismal detail, while a paid comedian prepares themselves to be compared unfavorably to Stephen Colbert , has come and gone again, producing upwards of two whole big laughs in the entire process.

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As people who watched the event—possibly because they were being paid to, on the off, and ultimately unfounded, chance that Colin Jost would say more than one funny or newsworthy thing—will know, it was full, as always, of wholesome stuff before getting to the main event. Journalists calling out for their imprisoned friends to be released; scholarship kids shining big smiles; impressionist Matt Friend making a joke about the guy who self-immolated outside Donald Trump’s New York trial. (Classy!) But people were, presumably, mostly watching for the traditional comedy sets that wrap up the night: A joke-heavy speech from the President, and then a follow-up from professionally funny person Jost.

Uncharacteristically, though, Biden got the biggest laugh of the night, to our minds. Not one of his many digs at Trump—although pointing out that one of the differences between them was that “My vice president actually endorses me” wasn’t bad. No, what caught us was a surprisingly sharp “Lauren Boebert caught vaping and handjob-ing at Beetlejuice ” reference, noting that Congress can’t just be “political theater,” because “they’d have thrown out Lauren Boebert a long time ago.” Kudos to whichever White House staffer gave, but did not explain, that particular gag to the president.

Jost, meanwhile, seemed distinctly out of his element without a desk (or Michael Che) to hide behind, fielding tons of jokes about his far-more-famous wife (who was in attendance) and swinging weakly at print journalists. (Correcting himself, at one point, after addressing the New York Times as “Wordle.”) Working his way through the usual array of “Biden is old” jokes, he got off only a handful of genuinely cutting lines. (“Like many of you here tonight,” he noted at one point, “I pretend to do news on TV.”) His best material was lobbed at the familiar, very mockable target of Trump, with Jost’s biggest line of the night coming when he stated that every court room sketch of Trump at his current trial looks “Like The Grinch had sex with The Lorax.”

Mostly, though, Jost’s material was just toothless, despite a single reference to “dangerous geopolitical hot spots like Columbia University.” If the big appeal of the White House Correspondents Dinner is in seeing a comedian actually speak a little truth to power, Jost mostly passed the buck, instead peddling middle of the road material before ending his whole speech on a slightly mawkish, “I love my grandpa” note. We’d love to tell you it was hilarious, because it’d mean we’d have spent the last half hour of our lives laughing, instead of jotting down about a dozen half-smiles’ worth of jokes. But outside of one other line, comparing Obama and Biden’s first terms—“Obama got Bin Laden, you got O.J.!”—it was just sort of a waste of everyone involved’s presumably very expensive time.