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A. p. j. abdul kalam.

11 th President of India (July 25, 2002 – July 25, 2007)

Date of Birth : October 15, 1931

Place of Birth : Rameswaram, Ramnad District, Madras Presidency, British India

Parents : Jainulabdeen (Father) and Ashiamma (Mother)

Spouse : Remained Unmarried

Education : St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli; Madras Institute of Technology

Profession: Professor, Author, Scientist

Died : July 27, 2015

Place of Death: Shillong, Meghalaya, India

Awards : Bharat Ratna (1997), Padma Vibhushan (1990), Padma Bhushan (1981)

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, better known as APJ Abdul Kalam, was an illustrious scientist turned statesman who served as the 11 th President of India from 2002 to 2007. Kalam spent more than forty years as a science administrator and scientist mainly at the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and Defence Research and the Development Organization (DRDO). He was closely associated with the military missile development efforts and civilian space programme of India. For his work on launch vehicle technology and development of ballistic missile, he was given the pseudonym of ‘The Missile Man of India.’ In 1998, he played a prominent role in Pokhran-II Nuclear Tests.

In 2002, he was elected the 11 th President of the country and became widely known as the ‘People’s President.’ After serving his presidential term he pursued what he loved most – teaching, writing and reading. For his achievements and contributions as a scientist, he was honoured with the ‘Bharat Ratan Award,’ India’s highest civilian honour.

He left for the heavenly abode on July 27, 2015, while delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Shillong. He was laid to rest with full state-honours and his funeral was attended by thousands of people including national-level dignitaries.

Photo Credit : https://www.thetalentedindian.com/dr-a-p-j-abdul-kalam-earth-received-an-honored-guest-but-a-visionary-is-laid-to-rest/

APJ Abdul Kalam was born into a poor Tamil Muslim family in the pilgrimage town of Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, on October 15, 1931. His mother, Ashiamma, was a housewife and his father, Jainulabdeen, was an imam of a local mosque and a boat owner. He was the youngest in the family with four elder brothers and a sister.

Though, the family was not financially affluent yet all the children were raised in an atmosphere that was full of love and compassion. In order to add to the family’s income, Kalam had to sell newspapers during his early years.

He was an average student during his school, but possessed a strong desire to learn and was very hard working. He loved mathematics and spent hours studying the subject. He pursued his education from ‘Schwartz Higher Secondary School,’ and then graduated from ‘Saint Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli,’ in 1954. He wanted to become a fighter pilot but his dream could not be fulfilled as here were only eight positions available in the IAF and he secured the ninth place.

As A Scientist

In 1960, he graduated from the ‘Madras Institute of Technology,’ and joined as a scientist at the ‘Aeronautical Development Establishment,’ after becoming a member of the ‘Defence Research and Development Service.’ Kalam also worked under the eminent space scientist Vikram Sarabhai while he was a part of ‘INCOSPAR’ committee. Kalam was transferred to the ‘Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)’ in 1969. He became the project head of the country’s foremost Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III). In July 1980, SLV-III deployed the ‘Rohini’ satellite successfully near-earth orbit under Kalam’s leadership.

Kalam was a part of a number of projects, including ‘Project Devil,’ in 1970. Though the project was not successful, yet it laid the foundation for the development of the ‘Prithvi Missile,’ in 1980. He was also associated with ‘Project Valiant.’

In 1983, Kalam returned to DRDO as its chief as he was asked to lead the ‘Integrated Guided Missile Development Program’ (IGMDP).

In May 1998, he played a key role in carrying out ‘Porkhran-II’ nuclear tests by India. The success of these nuclear tests made Kalam a national hero and his popularity went skyrocketing.

As a technical visionary, he made several recommendations in the fields of technological innovations, agriculture, and nuclear energy to make India a developed nation by 2020.

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As President

In 2002, Kalam was chosen the Presidential nominee by the ruling National Democratic Alliance (NDA), and he was elected the President. He became the 11 th President of India on July 25, 2002 and served the position till July 25, 2007.

He also became the third President of India to have received ‘Bharat Ratna’ before assuming the office of the President.

Due to his style of working and interaction with common people, especially the youth, he was affectionately called ‘The People’s President.’ According to Dr. Kalam, the most arduous decision he had taken during his tenure was that of signing the ‘Office of Profit Bill.’

During his tenure as President, he faced criticism for his inaction in deciding the fate of mercy petitions that were submitted to him. Out of the 21 mercy petitions, he acted only on one mercy plea. In 2005, he recommended for President’s rule in Bihar, which also became a controversial decision.

Photo Credit :http://www.youthconnect.in/2014/11/13/12-rare-stories-about-dr-apj-abdul-kalam-will-make-your-day-today/

As An Academician

After the end of his presidential term, he became a visiting professor at the ‘Indian Institute of Management (IIM), Ahemdabad,’ ‘Indian Institute of Management ((IIM), Indore,’ and the ‘Indian Institute of Management (IIM), Shillong.’ He served as a professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna University, as chancellor at the ‘Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram,’ an honorary fellow of ‘Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore,’ and an adjunct at a number of other research and academic institutes across the country. He also taught technology at ‘Anna University,’ and ‘Banaras Hindu University,’ and taught information technology at the ‘International Institute of Information Technology (IIIT), Hyderabad.’

With an aim to defeat corruption and bring efficiency, Kalam launched a program for the youth, called ‘What Can I Give Movement,’ in 2012.

Photo Credit : http://ias.kgisl.com/apj-abdul-kalam-sir-speech/

Awards and Achievements

• Kalam was honoured with the prestigious ‘Bharat Ratan,’ ‘Padma Vibhushan,’ and ‘Padma Bhushan’ from the Government of India.
• He was bestowed upon the ‘Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration’ by the Government of India in 1997.
• He was the recipient of Veer Savarkar Award.
• In 2000, he was bestowed with ‘Ramanujan Award’ by the ‘Alwars Research Centre.’
• In 2007, he received the ‘Kings Charles II Medal’ from the Royal Society.
• The ASME Foundation, USA, honoured Kalam with the Hoover Medal.
• He also received honorary doctorate from 40 universities.
• The United Nations recognized Kalam’s 79 th birthday as World Students’ Day.
• In 2003 and 2006, he was nominated for the ‘MTV Youth Icon of the Year.’

Kalam went to IIM Shillong to deliver a lecture on ‘Creating a Livable Planet Earth,’ on July 27, 2015. While climbing a flight of stairs, he expressed some discomfort, but made his way to the auditorium. Only five minutes into the lecture, around 6:35pm IST, he collapsed in the lecture hall. He was taken to ‘Bethany Hospital’ in a critical condition. He was kept in the intensive care unit but lacked signs of life. At 7:45pm IST, he was declared dead due to cardiac arrest.

Kalam’s body was airlifted in an Indian Air Force helicopter and was flown to New Delhi on July 28. Numerous dignitaries and masses paid homage to him at his residence at 10 Rajaji Marg. Kalam’s body, wrapped in the national flag, was then flown to the town of Mandapam, from where an army truck took it to his home town of Rameswaram. His body was displayed at Rameswaram in front of a bus station to allow people to pay their last respect to the departed soul. On July 30, 2015, the former President was laid to rest with full state honours at Rameswaram’s Pei Karumbu Ground. Kalam’s last rites were attended by more than 350,000 people.

Photo Credit : http://agnicollege.blogspot.com/2015/04/dr-kalam-hails-agnis-ignite-2015-step.html

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam and the Youth

Destiny was seen being benevolent when death beseeched Kalam while he was doing what he wanted to do throughout his life – sharing knowledge. Kalam took the final gasp doing what he loved most, and amongst those whom he loved the most – the youth. His life became a paradigm for the youth of the country. He became a role model and inspiration for the younger generation due to his humble nature, simple and easy going personality, and his ability to connect with young minds.

His Writings

Dr Kalam authored and co-authored a number of instructional and inspirational books, including ‘India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium,’ ‘Wings of Fire,’ ‘The Luminous Sparks: A Biography in Verse and Colours,’ ‘Mission of India: A Vision of Indian Youth,’ ‘You Are Born To Blossom,’ ‘Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power within India,’ ‘Guiding Souls,’ ‘Inspiring Thoughts,’ ‘Turning Points: A Journey Through Challenges,’ ‘Transcendence My Spiritual Experiences,’ ‘Beyond 2020: A Vision for Tomorrow’s India,’ and various others.

Photo Credit : https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/a-p-j-abdul-kalam-590.php

Interesting Facts About Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

• A man who spent approximately five decades in public service that included one stint as ‘The President,’ Kalam owned precious little. He owned no property, TV, fridge, car, AC, but owned approximately 2,500 books, six shirts, a pair of shoes, a wristwatch, four trousers and three suits.
• He never accepted any gifts from anyone, except books.
• He never charged any fee for the lectures that he delivered within or outside the country.
• His love for technology is no secret and he kept an eye on all the latest developments primarily through radio.
• He was a vegetarian and was always happy with what he was served.
• He was a pious soul and particular about his morning prayer, which he never missed.
• He was never seen wearing his religion on his sleeves nor was he seen playing up his humble origins.
• He never wrote his will. However, whatever was left behind was to be given to his elder brother and to grandchildren. Kalam always called his elder brother before going or returning from a significant assignment.
• His autobiography ‘Wings of Fire,’ was initially published in English but has been translated into thirteen languages, including Chinese and French.
• In 2011, Nila Madhab Panda directed a movie based on the life of Kalam, titled, ‘I Am Kalam.’
• Mathematics and Physics were his favourite subjects.

Recent Posts

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was an Indian scientist and politician who served his country as president from 2002 to 2007.

(1931–2015)

Who Was A.P.J. Abdul Kalam?

Quick facts, early years, rise to the presidency, death and legacy.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was an aerospace scientist who joined India's defense department after graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology. He was a central figure in the development of the country's nuclear capabilities and was hailed as a national hero after a series of successful tests in 1998. Kalam served as India's president for one term from 2002 to 2007, and died of a heart attack on July 27, 2015.

FULL NAME: A.P.J. Abdul Kalam BORN: October 15, 1931 DIED: July 27, 2015 BIRTHPLACE: Dhanushkodi, Rameswaram, India SCHOOLS: Madras Institute of Technology, St. Joseph's College ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Leo

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born into a Muslim family on October 15, 1931, on the island of Dhanushkodi off the southeastern coast of India. He developed an early fascination with flight by watching birds, which developed into an interest in aeronautics after he saw a newspaper article about a British fighter plane.

Despite his modest beginnings – his dad built and rented boats – Kalam was a bright student who showed promise in science and mathematics. He attended St. Joseph's College and went on to earn a degree in aeronautical engineering from the Madras Institute of Technology.

His hopes of becoming a fighter pilot were dashed when he narrowly missed out on a spot with the Indian Air Force. Kalam instead joined the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) as a senior scientific assistant in 1958. After moving to the newly formed Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in 1969, he was named project director of the SLV-III, the first satellite launch vehicle designed and produced on Indian soil.

Returning to the DRDO as director in 1982, Kalam implemented the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program. He then became the senior scientific adviser to India's defense minister in 1992, a position he used to campaign for the development of nuclear tests.

Kalam was a key figure in the May 1998 Pokhran-II tests, in which five nuclear devices were detonated in the Rajasthan Desert. Although the tests resulted in condemnation and economic sanctions from other world powers, Kalam was hailed as a national hero for his staunch defense of the country’s security.

In 2002, India's ruling National Democratic Alliance helped Kalam win an election against Lakshmi Sahgal and become India's 11th president, a largely ceremonial post. Known as the People's President, Kalam set a goal of conducting 500,000 one-on-one meetings with young people over the course of his five-year term. His immense popularity led to him being nominated by MTV for a Youth Icon of the Year award in 2003 and 2006.

After leaving office in 2007, Kalam became a visiting professor at several universities. He formed the "What Can I Give Movement" in 2011 with the goal of creating a compassionate society, and in 2012, his efforts to improve healthcare led to the release of a tablet for medical personnel to use in remote areas.

On July 27, 2015, Kalam suffered a massive heart attack while lecturing at the Indian Institute of Management and subsequently died at the age of 83.

Kalam was laid to rest on July 30 with full state honors in his native Tamil Nadu. In honor of the scientist and former president, the southeast Indian state government of Tamil Nadu created a "Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Award," which recognizes exceptional individuals who promote the sciences, students and humanities. The government has also established Kalam's birthday (October 15) as "Youth Renaissance Day." Discussion about building a large-scale memorial at his burial site is underway.

Among his many accolades, including honorary doctorates from 40 universities, he was granted the Padma Bhushan (1981), the Padma Vibhushan (1990) and the Bharat Ratna (1997) — India's highest civilian awards — for his contributions in modernizing government defense technology. He also wrote several books, including the autobiography Wings of Fire in 1999.

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• Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam Biography

The Missile Man of India: Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

Great personalities are not born every day; they are born once in a century and are remembered for millennials to come. One such great personality that we will always be proud of is Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam . His full name was Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, born in Rameswaram of Madras Presidency on 15th October 1931 and died on July 27, 2015, Shillong. He was an Indian Scientist and also a politician leader, who later became the 11th President of India. He played an important role in the development of India’s missile and nuclear weapons program.

It is an absolute honor for us to learn about his great leader in the form of his biography . Without much ado, let us start.

Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam's Biography - About His Family and Struggle Life 

Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam was born to a poor Tamil Muslim family. He lived with his family in the temple city of Tamilnadu, Rameswaram, where his father, Jainulabdeen, had a boat and was an imam of a local mosque. At the same time, his mother, Ashiamma, was a housewife. Kalam had four brothers and one sister in his family, from which he was the youngest. Kalam's ancestors were wealthy traders and landowners and had vast land and property tracts. But with time, their business of ferrying pilgrims and trading groceries suffered huge losses due to the Pamban Bridge's opening. As a result, Kalam's family had become inadequate and struggled hard to make a living. At a tender age, Kalam had to sell newspapers to supplement his family income.

Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam's Biography - Educational Background of Kalam

Although Kalam had average grades in school, he was very hard working and had an immense desire to learn. He spent a lot of time studying and had developed a particular interest in mathematics. Kalam left Schwartz higher secondary school after completing his early education and went to Saint Joseph's College, Tiruchirapalli . From Saint Joseph's College, he graduated in physics in 1954. He moved to Madras in 1955 to study aerospace engineering at Madras Institute of Technology.

Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam's Biography - Kalam as a Scientist

Kalam joined as a scientist in the aeronautical development establishment of DRDO in 1960, after graduation. His career started with him designing a small hovercraft. However, he was not convinced by his choice of a job at the DRDO. Kalam was transferred to ISRO in 1969, where he was the project director of India's first satellite vehicle launch. The satellite vehicle deployed the Rohini satellite successfully in near-Earth orbit in July 1980. Kalam received the Government's LV and Slv projects between the 1970s-90s. He directed two projects like Project Devil and Project Valiant, which aimed at developing ballistic missiles from the successful SLV program's technology Kalam somehow convinced Indira Gandhi and sought secret funds for these aerospace projects. His research and immense knowledge brought him and the nation great laurels in the 1980s.

Kalam then went on to become the scientific advisor of the defence minister in 1992 and served at the same post for five years before getting promoted to the post of principal scientific advisor to the government. His immense role in the country's 1998 nuclear weapons tests solidified India as a nuclear power. Kamal had now become a national hero, to be remembered for ages to come. However, the tests he conducted caused a huge uproar in the international community. Kamal put forward a nationwide plan called Technology Vision 2020 , which according to him, was a fantastic way for transforming the stature of India in 20 years, taking it from a developing to a developed nation. The plan envisioned the progress of the nation by adopting advanced technology, expanding healthcare facilities, and emphasizing the education of the masses.

Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam's Biography -Kalam as the 11th President of India 

Sir Kalam was entitled to be the 11th president of India. His term period of 25th July 2002 to 25th July 2007 was achieved by winning a presidential election in 2002 with a massive margin of votes. National Democratic Alliances’ nominated him to be president and it was supported by Samajwadi Party and National Congress Party. He was lovingly called as peoples’ president as he had done uncountable works for the welfare of the people and through the entire country.

He was brave and courageous enough to take decisions and implement them no matter if that was tough or sensitive or highly controversial. The “office of profit” is perhaps the hard Act that he had to sign. The “ office of profit ”, according to the English Act of Settlement in 1701 explains that no single individual who has a professional set up under the royal family, who has some kind of provision with or who is taking a pension from the prince has the right to work for the of the “ House of Commons ”. This will allow the royal family to have zero influence on the administrative conditions.

He had also become one of the most talked-about presidents Rule in 2005 for imposing the Presidents’ rule in Bihar. Kalam expressed his wish to take up the position one more time but then later changed his mind.

After taking farewell from the office, he shifted and commenced his career as a visiting professor at the Indian Institute of Management in Shillong. He served as an Aerospace Engineering professor at Anna University, Tamil Nadu. He also lit up educational institutions like the Indian Institute of Indore, Indian Institute of Bangalore with his presence and knowledge. Sir Kalam served as chancellor Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram.

In 2012, he introduced a program called “ What Can I Give ?” focusing on the theme of eradicating corruption from the country.

Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam's Biography - The Demise of Abdul Kalam

Abdul Kalam was a mortal human being just like us, but for his contribution to the country he remained immortal in the hearts of people. Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was one such personality who died at 83. It was shocking news for the entire country as a pure soul left us forever. Abdul Kalam while delivering a speech for the youth in an event at IIM Shillong. During the middle of the speech, he suffered from a cardiac arrest and collapsed. Although he got admitted to the best hospital in Shillong, the doctors could not save him.

Then his body was airlifted to Gugati, and from there, it was taken to New Delhi in an Airforce plane. Their President, vice president, and some other leaders prayed for his soul. His body was then covered in the Indian National flag and brought to his hometown. About 35000 people attended his funeral event and prayed for such a great soul.

Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam's Biography - Writings of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

Dr. Abdul Kalam was a person who was not only a great political leader but also a good teacher and a writer. He had many delicate qualities and visionaries. He always had an excellent dream for the country's development and realized that the youth can bring revolution. During his university career, he inspired many of the students through his inspirational speech and tremendous visionaries. Apart from this, Dr. Kalam was a great writer. He has written several books, which are mainly meant for the nation's empowerment. His creation of India 2020 was like a gift for us, and he had all the strategies to make India a Superpower. In this book, he had primarily focused on some factors like food and development in the Agriculture sector, improved health care facilities, advanced information and communication system, good infrastructure, sufficiency in electricity production, Self-reliance in some advanced technologies.

Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam's Biography - Achievements of Abdul Kalam

Abdul Kalam was a person of a golden heart who has received ample awards and achieved many things during his life journey. In 1981 Abdul Kalam received the prestigious Padma Bhushan award. In 1990 he received the Padma Bhushan award. The renowned personality, because of his tremendous effort towards the nation, received the Bharat Ratna in 1997. In the same year, he was awarded the Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration. The government of India awarded Kalam with the Veer Savarkar award in 1998. Because of his contribution to arts, science, and technology, he received the SASTRA Ramanujan prize in 2000. Finally, in the year 2013, the eminent personality was bestowed with the Von Braun Award by the National Space Society.

Abdul Kalam’s Profession

APJ Abdul Kalam

This complex persona was a notable researcher displaying huge and unending science and mechanical innovative work. It was he who made our country atomic in its most genuine sense. It was in the year 1974, under the oversight of Dr. Kalam, that India went through its most memorable atomic test. Next came the Pokhran - II in the year 1988. It was through these atomic tests Dr. Kalam showed the world India's situation and power in atomic innovation.

Abdul kalam’s Grants and Accomplishments 

His works granted him three great honours from the Govt. of India specifically Padma Bhushan, Padma Vibhushan, and the Bharat Ratna. In the year 1997, Kalam was likewise granted the Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration. He was granted the Veer Savarkar Award in the year 1980 and the Ramanujan Award in the year 2000. From 40 colleges all over the world, Kalam got privileged doctorates.

Kalam’s Works and Motivation

He was the writer of various motivational books like "India 2010", "Touched off Minds", "Mission India", "The Luminous Sparks", "Wings of Fire", and "Moving Thoughts".

His life, work, and convictions are loaded up with models and motivations. He will keep on inspiring us for eternity. Furthermore, this is the genuine justification for why individuals from every one of the segments of the general public precipitously show love for this incredible person on his miserable end at IIM Shillong on 27th July 2015.

May this Noble and faithful Soul find happiness in the hereafter!

Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam's Biography - Some Interesting Facts 

Let us now study some interesting facts about Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam:

His full name was Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam. 

He was born in a Tamil Muslim Family. 

Kalam was a vegeterian. In his words “I was forced to become a vegetarian due to financial constraints, but I eventually came to enjoy it.” Today, I am a complete vegetarian”

He was India’s ‘first bachelor President.

He was very popular among children. 

Kalam’s autobiography ‘Wings of Fire was initially published in English Language but then later published in 13 other languages. 

Although the life of Abdul Kalam was filled with struggles and hardships, he rose above the adversaries to become one of the greatest scientists of modern India. His role in nation-building will be remembered till posterity.

Abdul Kalam was elected as the eleventh president of India in 2002 with the assistance of the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-competition Indian National Congress. He is widely referred to as the "People's President". He spent four decades as a scientist and science administrator, especially on the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), and became concerned with India's civilian space program and army missile improvement efforts.

Abdul Kalam lowered back to his civilian lifestyle of schooling, writing, and public career after a single term. He received Bharat Ratna for his prestigious work.

FAQs on Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam Biography

1. Why is Abdul kalam known as the Missile man of India?

Being the largest democratic country globally, India did not have the right image in front of the world. As our country did not have any ballistic missiles or nuclear missiles, it was like a weaker country. 

Abdul Kalam had a different thought in his mind, and he was the only person who tried to bring revolution to the country through modern and advanced defence power. As a scientist, he encouraged other scientists of ISRO and DRDO and developed some powerful ballistic missiles with indigenous technology. E also talked with the prime minister of India, Indira Gandhi, and arranged some secret funds, which was very much useful for running such crucial projects. However, Kalam was first tied to empower India and created a strong image in front of the world. So Kalam is famous as the Missile man of India.

2. How Abdul Kalam became the President of India?

As a professor, Kalam used to spend some happy moments with students and other professors at Anna University. He loved teaching students something interesting with tremendous enthusiasm. Although the classroom's strength was sixty every day, around 350 youths gathered in his classroom to listen to a great professor's inspiring lecture. There was nothing unusual with that; he only used to understand a dynamic youth's mind and expressed his emotions through lectures. He used to emphasize his vision of modernizing the country and social transformation. He was assigned to teach ten lessons to the postgraduate students, and in the ninth lecture, he gave the example of several case studies. This was the most crucial period of his political career. The university's VC informed that he was receiving many calls, and many of the people wanted to talk. 

Then he received a call from the Prime minister of India, and he was shocked to listen to the news that many of the party leaders and the nation want him as the President of India. He did not control his emotion during that time as many pictures came to his mind like he was teaching inside the classroom and addressing inside the Parliament. This news became viral Abdul Kalam as a presidential candidate. Finally, Abdul Kalam won the presidential election and became the PresidentPresident of India's largest democratic country.

3. Why Abdul Kalam is renowned as the Youth Icon?

Dr. Abdul Kalam was the person who brought a revolution in the country in the field of Science, technology, aerospace, and Missile technology. He was the person who witnessed the nuclear test of India twice. He played a crucial role in the advancement of DRDO and ISRO. He was also on the advisory committee of the Defence minister. Coming from a low-income family, he had shown his mission and visionaries for the country's modernization. He also became the PresidentPresident of the country once and presented his thoughts and developed many indigenous ballistic missiles. Besides this, he was like an inspiration among youth and changed many students' motto as a professor. People are mad to listen to his inspirational words. All these god gifted qualities made him a youth icon.

4. What is the “Wings of Fire” all about?

Wings of Fire is an autobiography written by our beloved late President Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam. The book narrates the story of Sir Kalam through an extremely inspirational path. It clearly showcases the struggles he had to go through, the discrimination he had to face, the resilience and persistence he kept alive, the achievements he had made, and the dreams that had in him which let him fly high. The book is divided into 3 sections. The first section talks about his childhood and youth life. He was born to a financially humble family, but the members including his parents had good vision and heart. With much struggle, he completed his studies and first joined as a trainer in Hindustan Aeronautics Limited. Sir also mentions the people who helped the young Kalam to transform himself into a person who influences millions of people. 

The second section, called creation, explains his seventeen years of work-life and propitiation, which is the third section, travels the journey of a scientist to the “missile man of India”. 

5. What were the 5 ways in which Dr. Kalam wanted to change India?

The five ways in which Dr. Kalam wanted to change India are the following: 

What I Can Give Movement: This Movement was launched by A.P.J Abdul Kalam in order to spread awareness and understanding among the Indian youth about the danger of corruption and defeat it. The central theme is also the same. This notion was introduced to youngsters with an aim of creating change in their mindset from “greed” to what can be given from their side for societies’ benefit.

Billion Beats: Billion Beats is an e-paper that was founded by Dr. Kalam in 2007. It got circulated for a while and later got converted into a Facebook page. This digital platform page was used by him as a medium to share his interactions with achievers and their triumphs. 

India Vision 2020: Composed by the Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council, this plan was primarily a document, when Kalam sir was the chairman. But later, this significant transition project is elaborately explained in his book, wherein he identifies agriculture, infrastructure, education and healthcare, information and communication technologies and so on to be some of the core areas that should be concentrated to improve the GDP rate.

Pura: Aiming to build economic opportunities outside the cities and promote different migration from urban to rural, the Provision of Urban Amenities to Rural Areas was developed. 

Igniting Minds: This program acts as a bridge that connects about I lakh students to scientists, technicians and other leaders to make the learning of science much more exciting. The project is named after his successful book. 

6. Where did Abdul Kalam live as a child?

Abdul Kalam was born in a centre-magnificence Tamil circle of relatives in the island town of Rameswaram inside the country of Madras. His father, Jainulabdeen possessed notable innate wisdom. His mother, Ashiama turned into an ideal helpmate of his father. They lived in their ancestral pucca residence, located on mosque street in Rameswaram.

7. What do APJ Abdul Kalam do?

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam became the previous President of India and was referred to as Indian scientists. He was additionally related to India's Space and Missile Development Program, hence called Missile Man of India. Take this quiz on Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam to recognize more approximately him. Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam's complete name is Avul PakirJainulabdeen Abdul Kalam.

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam become born on 15 October 1931, to a Tamil Muslim own family in the pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram on Pamban Island, then in the Madras Presidency and now in the State of Tamil Nadu. 

8. Why is APJ Abdul Kalam referred to as the Missile Man of India?

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam became an outstanding Indian scientist who served as the eleventh President of India from 2002 to 2007. Renowned for his pivotal role within the state’s civilian area program and army missile development, he was referred to as the Missile Man of India.

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APJ Abdul Kalam Biography: Inventions, Achievements, Death Date, Quotes, Full Name, Education & other details

Apj abdul kalam death anniversary is being observed on july 27. know more about apj abdul kalam's  inventions, death date, achievements, education, early life, family and other details. .

APJ Abdul Kalam Biography: Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was an Indian aerospace scientist who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born on October 15, 1931,  raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, and studied Physics and aerospace engineering. APJ Abdul Kalam was elected as the 11th President of India in 2002 with the support of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then opposition Indian National Congress party. Also referred to as ‘People’s President’, APJ Abdul Kalam returned to his civilian life of education, writing, and public service after serving only one term.

APJ Abdul Kalam Biography

APJ Abdul Kalam Early Life, Education

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was born on October 15, 1981, to a Tamil Muslim family in the pilgrimage center of Rameswaram on Pamban Island. It was then in the Madras Presidency under British India and is now in the State of Tamil Nadu.

APJ Abdul Kalam’s father Jainulabdeen Marakayar was a boat owner and imam of a local mosque while his mother Ashiamma was a housewife. His father also owned a ferry that took Hindu pilgrims back and forth between Rameswaram and the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi.

APJ Abdul Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister in his family. His family had been wealthy Marakayar traders and landowners, with numerous properties and large tracts of land. With the opening of the Pamban Bridge to the mainland in 1914, however, the businesses failed and the family fortune and properties were lost over time, apart from the ancestral home.

APJ Abdul Kalam Education

Apj abdul kalam as a scientist.

After graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, APJ Abdul Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) as a scientist after becoming a member of the Defence Research and Development Service. He started his career by designing a small hovercraft, however, remained unconvinced by his job at DRDO.

In 1969, APJ Abdul Kalam was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the project director of India’s first Satellite Launch Vehicle which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite in near-earth orbit in July 1980.

APJ Abdul Kalam was also invited by Raja Ramanna to witness the country’s first nuclear test, Smiling Buddha, as the representative of TBRL, even though he had not participated in its development.

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• What is the full form of APJ in APJ Abdul Kalam? + Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam is the full name of Dr. Kalam.
• Why is Dr. APJ Abdul kalam is known as the Missile Man of India? + APJ Abdul Kalam is known as the Missile Man of India for his work on the development of ballistic missiles and launch vehicle technology.
• Where was Dr. APJ Abdul kalam born? + Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was born on October 15, 1981 to a Tamil Muslim Family in the pilgrimage center of Rameswaram on Pamban Island.
• What are the other names given to Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam? + APJ Abdul Kalam is also known as "People's President" and "Missile Man of India".
• Why is Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam famous? + Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam is the Indian scientist who played a leading role in the development of India's missile and nuclear weapon programs.
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A.P.J. Abdul Kalam summary

Learn about the life of a.p.j. abdul kalam, india’s first president.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam , (born Oct. 15, 1931, Rameswaram, India—died July 27, 2015, Shillong), Indian president (2002–07). After graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology, Kalam played a leading role in the development of India’s missile and nuclear weapons programs. He planned a program that produced a number of successful missiles, helping earn him the nickname “Missile Man.” Beginning in the early 1990s, he also served as scientific adviser to the government, and his prominent role in India’s 1998 nuclear weapons tests established Kalam as a national hero. In 2002 the Hindu nationalist (Hindutva) National Democratic Alliance nominated Kalam, a Muslim, to succeed outgoing President K.R. Narayanan. Kalam easily won the elections in 2002, and in the largely ceremonial post he sought to use science and technology to transform India into a developed country. In 2007 he was succeeded by Pratibha Patil, the country’s first woman president.

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Dr. A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM

15 October, 1931 – 27 July, 2015

Born on 15 th October 1931 at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu, DR AVUL PAKIR JAINULABDEEN ABDUL KALAM, specialized in Aeronautical Engineering from M adras Institute of Technology(MIT) . DR ABDUL KALAM made significant contribution as project director to develop India’s first indigenous satellite launch vehicle {SLV-3} which successfully injected the Rohini satellite in the near earth orbit in july 1980 and made India an exclusive member of space club. He was responsible for the evolution of ISRO’S launch vehicle programme, particularly the PSLV configuration. After working for two decades in ISRO and mastering launch vehicle technologies,  DR. KALAM took up the responsibility of developing indigenous guided missiles at D efense Re search and De velopment O rganization (DRDO) as the Chief Executive of integrated guided missile development programme. He was responsible for the development and operationalisation of AGNI and PRITHVI missiles and for building indigenous capability in critical technologies through networking of multiple institutions . He was the scientific advisor to defense minister and secretary , department of defense research and development from July 1992 to December 1999. During this period, he led to the weaponisation of strategic missile systems and the pokharan-2 nuclear tests in collaboration with the department of atomic energy, which made India a nuclear weapon state. He also gave thrust to self reliance in defense systems by programming multiple development tasks and mission projects such as Light Combat Aircraft. As chairman of Technology Information Forecasting and Aassessments council and as an eminent scientist, he led the country with the help of 500 experts to arrive at technology vision 2020 giving a road map for transforming India from the present developing status to a developed nation. DR ABDUL KALAM has served as the principal scientific advisor to the GOVERNMENT OF INDIA in the rank of cabinet minister, from November 1999-2001 and was responsible for evolving policies, strategies and missions for many development applications. DR KALAM was also the chairman, EX-officer of the scientific advisory committee to the cabinet { SAC-C} and piloted India Millennium Mission 2020.

DR ABDUL KALAM took up academic pursuit as professor, technology and societal transformation at ANNA UNIVERSITY, Chennai from November 2001 and was involved in teaching and research tasks. Above all he took up a mission to ignite the young minds for national development by meeting high school students across the country.  In his literary pursuit his books like “ W ings of F ire” “India 2020- a vision for new millennium”  “my journey” and “ignited minds- unleashing the power within India “ have become household names in India and among the Indian nationals abroad. These books have been translated in many Indian languages. In 2015 he was particularly working for SPACE SOLAR POWER at global level along with WORLD KNLOWLEDGE PLATFORM.

DR ABDUL KALAM is one of the most distinguished scientists of India with the unique honour of receiving honorary doctorates from 48 universities all over the world. He has been awarded the coveted civilian awards- Padma Bhusan {1981} and Padma Vibhusan {1990} and the highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna  {1997}. He has also received the King Charles-2 medal {2007}, the Woodrow Wilson award {2008}, the Hoover award {2008} and the International Von Karman Wings Award  Widespread {2009} among other international accolades.  Recognition  coupled with his extensive national service, made DR ABDUL KALAM a popular choice for high office, and he became the 11 th president of India in 2002. His popularity has endured and he is still  affectionately called the People’s President for bridging the gap between high office and common people.  His focus and the greatest ambition remains finding ways to transform India into a developed nation.  

As an elder statesman, he was in the Public eye for his role in offering counsel, reaching out to people and building bridges across religious and social divides. DR ABDUL KALAM’S focus was ever on transforming  India into a developed nation by 2020 and to this end he continued to travel across the country for his teaching assignments at IITs and IIMs, to address conferences and to meet students and people from all walks of life.

He passed away at one such lecture he had gone to deliver of Shillong on 27 July 2015. His message and influence continue to resonate with people across the country, and in all walks of life.

Books by Dr APJ Abdul Kalam

1. India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium Publishing year: 1998

2. Wings of Fire: An Autobiography Publishing year: 1999

3. Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power within India Publishing year: 2002

4. The Luminous Sparks: A Biography in Verse and Colours Publishing year: 2004

5. Guiding Souls: Dialogues on the Purpose of Life Publishing year: 2005 Co-author: Arun Tiwari

6. Mission of India: A Vision of Indian Youth Publishing year: 2005

7. Inspiring Thoughts: Quotation Series Publishing year: 2007

8. You Are Born to Blossom: Take My Journey Beyond Publishing year: 2011 Co-author: Arun Tiwari

9. The Scientific India: A Twenty First Century Guide to the World around Us Publishing year: 2011 Co-author: Y. S. Rajan

10. Failure to Success: Legendry Lives Publishing year: 2011

11. Target 3 Billion Publishing year: 2011 Co-author: ‎Srijan Pal Singh

12. You are Unique: Scale New Heights by Thoughts and Actions Publishing year: 2012 Co-author: S. Poonam Kohli

13. Turning Points: A Journey through Challenges Publishing year: 2012

14. Indomitable Spirit Publishing year: 2013

15. Spirit of India Publishing year: 2013

16. Thoughts for Change: We Can Do It Publishing year: 2013 Co-author: A. Sivathanu Pillai

17. My Journey: Transforming Dreams into Actions Publishing year: 2013

18. Governance for Growth in India Publishing year: 2014

19. Manifesto for Change Publishing year: 2014 Co-author: V. Ponraj

20. Forge Your Future: Candid, Forthright, Inspiring Publishing year: 2014

21. Beyond 2020: A Vision for Tomorrow’s India Publishing year: 2014

22. The Guiding Light: A Selection of Quotations from My Favourite Books Publishing year: 2015

23. Reignited: Scientific Pathways to a Brighter Future Publishing year: 2015 Co-author: ‎Srijan Pal Singh

24. The Family and the Nation Publishing year: 2015 Co-author: Acharya Mahapragya

25. Transcendence My Spiritual Experiences Publishing year: 2015 Co-author: Arun Tiwari

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DR. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam FORMER PRESIDENT OF INDIA Term of Office: 25th July 2002 - 25th July 2007

Former President Of India

Dr. a.p.j. abdul kalam.

Born on 15th October 1931 at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu, Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, specialized in Aeronautical Engineering from Madras Institute of Technology. Dr. Kalam made significant contribution as Project Director to develop India's first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully injected the Rohini satellite in the near earth orbit in July 1980 and made India an exclusive member of Space Club.

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The People's President: A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (1931-2015)

July 27, 2015 10:57 pm | Updated November 17, 2021 10:44 am IST

Ahmedabad : Gujarat : 27/07/2015. A file photo of at that time President of India Mr. APJ Abdul Kalam at MICA convocation in Ahmedabad.. Photo : Vijay Soneji. -

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, the 11th President of India and a pioneer of the country's space and missile programmes, passed away on July 27, 2015.

He was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1997, the Padma Vibhushan in 1990 and the Padma Bhushan in 1981.

Here's a detailed look at his achievements.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (1931-2015)

• » 1931: Born Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam on October 15, in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu.
• » 1954: Graduates in Physics from Saint Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli, in 1954.
• » 1960: Gains degree in Aeronautical Engineering from Madras Institute of Technology.
• » 1969: Transferred to ISRO from the DRDO.
• » 1980: India enters the space club by putting the Rohini satellite in the near earth orbit with the first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III), developed under the stewardship of Dr. Kalam.
• » 1980s-1990s: As the chief of the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme, he was responsible for the development and operationalisation of AGNI and PRITHVI Missiles.
• » 1992-1999: works as Chief Scientific Advisor to the PM and Secretary of the DRDO.
• » 1998: India conducts the Pokhran II nuclear tests in May with Dr. Kalam as the chief project coordinator.
• » 1999-2001: Principal Scientific Advisor to the Government of India.
• » 2002-2007: President of India

>A.P.J. Abdul Kalam passes away

The 11th President of India, widely acclaimed as the "people's President", passed away on July 27, 2015 after collapsing during a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management in Shillong.

>Mr. Kalam through the years

A look at photos from the archives of The Hindu of the former president.

• Mr. Kalam's recent article in The Hindu talks about neutrino research. >Read here.
• Failed in my dream of becoming pilot: Mr. Kalam says in new book. >Read here.
• Memorabilia of former President at his Rameswaram house attract visitors. >Know more.
• Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam's vision for the nation. A message on Teacher's Day from the former President, >exclusively for The Hindu In School.

Tributes flow in

>a visionary and a dreamer.

Abdul Kalam was an institution- and team-builder who always wanted India to be strong and self-reliant.

>A teacher till the very end

If the people remember me as a good teacher, that will be the biggest honour for me, he used to say.

>Pall of gloom at House of Kalam

As the news spread, people made their way to visit the grief-stricken family.

>Kalam had special fondness for alma mater

He spent four years at the famous St.Joseph’s College from 1950 to complete his intermediate and graduation in Physics.

>Chandipur pays tribute to 'Missile Man'

Kalam was always accessible to everyone — from lowest contributing person to highest ranking scientist.

>Colleagues remember the Missile Man

N. Balakrishnan, Professor at the Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, recalls their association.

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A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Biography

Birthday: October 15 , 1931 ( Libra )

Born In: Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, India

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was a prominent Indian scientist who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. Renowned for his pivotal role in the nation’s civilian space programme and military missile development, he was known as the Missile Man of India. He made significant contributions to India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998 which established him as a national hero. An alumnus of the prestigious Madras Institute of Technology, Kalam began his career as a scientist at the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO). He was later transferred to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he served as the project director of India's first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III). He eventually rejoined DRDO and became closely involved in India’s space programme. he served as the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister in the 1990s before becoming the President of India in 2002. Immensely popular during his term, he earned the moniker of People's President. He was honored with several awards including the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, for his contribution to the nation’s space and nuclear programme.

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Also Known As: Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam

Died At Age: 83

father: Jainulabudeen

mother: Ashiamma

Born Country: India

Presidents Scientists

Height: 5'6" (168 cm ), 5'6" Males

Died on: July 27 , 2015

place of death: Shillong, Meghalaya, India

Notable Alumni: St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli, Madras Institute Of Technology, Anna University

Cause of Death: Cardiac Arrest

education: Madras Institute Of Technology, Anna University, St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli

awards: Bharat Ratna (1997) Padma Vibhushan (1990) Padma Bhushan (1981)

Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration (1997) Ramanujan Award (2000) King Charles II Medal (2007) Hoover Medal (2008) International von Kármán Wings Award

You wanted to know

What were a.p.j. abdul kalam's major contributions to the field of science and technology.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam made significant contributions to missile technology and space research in India. He played a crucial role in the development of India's first indigenous satellite launch vehicle (SLV-III) and the successful testing of nuclear weapons.

How did A.P.J. Abdul Kalam inspire the youth of India?

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was known for his motivational speeches and interactions with students. He encouraged the youth to dream big, work hard, and strive for excellence in their chosen fields. He often emphasized the importance of education, innovation, and perseverance.

What was A.P.J. Abdul Kalam's vision for India's future?

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam envisioned a developed India that excelled in science, technology, and innovation. He believed in harnessing the potential of young minds to drive the country towards progress and prosperity. He promoted the idea of sustainable development and inclusive growth for all citizens.

How did A.P.J. Abdul Kalam promote education among underprivileged children?

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was a strong advocate for education and believed that it was the key to unlocking a brighter future for individuals and the nation as a whole. He established various initiatives and scholarships to support underprivileged children in pursuing their education and realizing their potential.

What were A.P.J. Abdul Kalam's views on leadership and governance?

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam emphasized the importance of ethical leadership and good governance in shaping a better society. He believed that leaders should be role models who lead by example, uphold integrity, and work selflessly for the welfare of the people.

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APJ Abdul Kalam, Biography, Full Name, Contributions, Awards

Apj abdul kalam, apj abdul kalam contributions.

• Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Awards and Honours

Prelims : General Science

Mains : Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology; Indigenization of Technology and Developing New Technology.

Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, commonly known as Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, was an iconic Indian scientist, aerospace engineer, and visionary leader. Abdul Kalam served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007 and is widely celebrated as the "People's President" for his immense contributions to science, technology, and the socio-economic development of India. He played a pivotal role in the development of India's ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, born on October 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, was an exemplary scientist, statesman, and teacher who played a pivotal role in shaping India's nuclear capabilities, missile technology, and the nation's space endeavours. Kalam breathed his last on July 27, 2015, while delivering a lecture at IIM-Shillong.

APJ Abdul Kalam Early Life and Education

• Rameswaram roots: Dr. Kalam hailed from a modest background in Rameswaram. His father, Jainulabudeen, was a boat owner, and his mother, Ashiamma, was a housewife.
• APJ Kalam pursued a bachelor's degree in physics in 1954 fromTiruchirappalli.
• APJ Abdul Kalam received a degree in aeronautical engineering fromMadras Institute of Technology .

APJ Abdul Kalam Career

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam began a distinguished career that expertly combined science, technology, and defence, leaving an imprint on history.

• DRDO: Kalam began his career as a scientist at the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defense Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) in 1960.
• After joining the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in 1969, Kalam oversaw the development of SLV-III , India's first satellite launch vehicle.
• Project Devil and Project Valiant aimed to create ballistic missiles using the SLV program's successful technology.
• In 1982, Kalam oversaw the development of several successful missiles, including the Agni and Prithvi missiles, earning him the title of "Missile Man of India. "
• He played a significant political and technological role during the Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998.
• He was the first scientist- President of India, with no political background.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam's contributions spanned various domains, making him a symbol of India's scientific excellence and technological advancements.

Space Technology

• This achievement catapulted India into an exclusive club of space-exploring nations.
• PSLV: He was in charge of the evolution of ISRO 's launch vehicle programme, specifically the PSLV (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle) configuration .

Defence and Missile Technology

• Development of ballistic missiles: Kalam oversaw the projects Devil and Valiant, which aimed to develop ballistic missiles using the technology developed for the successful SLV programme.
• IGMDP: Dr. Kalam's leadership in the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP) led to the development of the Agni, an intermediate-range ballistic missile and Prithvi, a surface-to-surface missile, reinforcing India's defence capabilities.
• Despite criticism, his unwavering pursuit of scientific excellence laid the groundwork for India's nuclear and space capabilities.
• It resulted in a significant reduction in the price of coronary stents , with a price reduction of more than 50% compared to when it was previously imported.
• Kalam-Raju Tablet: In 2012, Kalam and Soma Raju collaborated on the development of a rugged tablet computer for better healthcare administration in the country's rural areas. It was known as the Kalam-Raju tablet.'
• Literature: Aside from his scientific and political contributions, Kalam was an accomplished author, having written acclaimed books such as “Wings of Fire” , “My Journey”," Indomitable Spirit", “Ignited Minds” , India 2020 and many more, which continue to inspire generations.
• He worked to empower Indian youth and encourage them to take up careers in science and technology.
• Social justice: Kalam was also a champion of social justice and equality. He worked to improve the lives of marginalised and disadvantaged groups in India.
• Technology Vision 2020: As Chairman of the Technology Information, Forecasting, and Assessment Council and an eminent scientist, he led the country with the help of 500 experts to arrive at Technology Vision 2020, which provides a road map for India's transition from developing to developed status.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Awards and Honours

Dr. Abdul Kalam's unparalleled contributions to S&T and his dedication to advancing the nation have earned him numerous accolades and recognitions.

• Von Braun Award from the National Space Society
• Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration
• Veer Savarkar Award
• Padma Bhushan, Padma Vibhushan
• Bharat Ratna in 1997
• He received honorary doctorates from 30 universities and institutions.
• His birthday is celebrated as "Youth Renaissance Day" in Tamil Nadu 
• The new bacteria was discovered on the filters of the International Space Station by researchers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, who named it Solibacillus Kalamii in honour of Abdul Kalam.
• Wheeler Island , a national missile test site in Odisha, was renamed Abdul Kalam Island.

APJ Abdul Kalam UPSC PYQs

Question 1: "If a country is to be corruption-free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel that there are three key societal members who can make a difference. They are father, mother and teacher." – A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (UPSC Mains 2022)

10 Major Achievements of Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (October 15, 1931 – July 27, 2015) , known as Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam , was an Indian scientist who served as the 11th President of India from July 25, 2002 to July 25, 2007 . Kalam started his career as a scientist for the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) designing India’s first indigenous hovercraft . He then moved to Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where, among other things, he supervised the successful launch of India’s first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-3) . He then returned to DRDO to lead the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP) . Dr. Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and Secretary of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) from July 1992 to December 1999 . During this period, he supervised the successful Pokhran-II explosions . For his immense contribution in the development of India, Dr Kalam received numerous awards during the course of his career including the Bharat Ratna, the highest civilian honor in India . Know more about the contributions of A. P. J. Abdul Kalam through his 10 major achievements.

#1 HE HELPED BUILD INDIA’S FIRST INDIGENOUS HOVERCRAFT

Abdul Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) , right after graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960 . As a young scientist, he was assigned his first project to design and develop a hovercraft for the country’s defence applications. A hovercraft is an amphibious craft capable of travelling over land, water, mud, ice and other surfaces. After days of hard-work, Kalam and his team were successful in developing India’s first indigenous hovercraft which was named Nandi , the impressive white bull who acts as the vehicle of the Hindu deity Lord Shiva. Project Nandi received massive applause from the then Defense Minister, V.K Krishna Menon, and encouraged Kalam for his future endeavours. However, Project Nandi was shelved as the new government in power didn’t show any interest in the invention.

#2 HE WAS PART OF THE TEAM WHICH SET UP TERLS

Though Project Nandi was put in cold storage, due to it Kalam got a call from the Indian Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) to attend an interview at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) . At the time, INCOSPAR was formed out of the TIFR talent pool. Among the members of the selection panel who interviewed Kalam was Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the father of the Indian Space Programme and the founder of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) . Dr. Sarabhai took a deep interest in Kalam and selected him as a rocket engineer in INCOSPAR. The team of rocket engineers of which Kalam was a part, set up the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS) in 1963 . TERLS is used by ISRO to launch sounding rockets even today .

#3 KALAM WAS THE PROJECT DIRECTOR OF INDIA’S FIRST SLV

In 1969, when INCOSPAR led to the birth of the ISRO, Kalam was transferred there and was initially involved in research about building rockets. In the early 1970s, ISRO introduced its own Satellite Launch Vehicle program owing to geopolitical and economic considerations. It was a program to develop the technology needed to launch satellites . Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was made the project director of the program. Beginning with mechanical designing to electrical integration , Kalam single-handedly supervised every aspect of the project , which was a massive success . On July 18, 1980, Satellite Launch Vehicle-3 (SLV-3) was successfully launched from Sriharikota range in the Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh . It deployed the Rohini satellite in near-earth orbit . It was the first successful satellite launch that took place on Indian soil and thereby made India the seventh member of an exclusive club of space-faring nations in international society.

#4 HE WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SUCCESSFUL LAUNCH OF AGNI AND PRITHVI MISSILES

After the huge triumph of SLV-III and dedicating the paramount years of his life to ISRO, Dr. Kalam was issued transfer orders to DRDO, where he was given the responsibility to lead the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP) . According to the instructions of then Defence Minister R. Venkataraman , four missiles were to be developed simultaneously as part of the program. After years of consistent hard work and immense dedication, India got her first range of ballistic missiles , the Prithvi , the Agni , the Aakash , and the Nag . Out of the four, two missiles, namely, Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile; and Agni, an intermediate-range ballistic missile; were launched successfully . Due to this mammoth achievement under his leadership, India became a major military power and Dr Kalam became popularly known as the “Missile Man of India”.

#5 HE SUPERVISED THE POKHRAN-II EXPLOSIONS AS THE CHIEF OF DRDO

Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and Secretary of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) from July 1992 to December 1999 . The Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period and Kalam played an intensive political and technological role in their success . Along with Dr. R. Chidambaram, the Director of the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) , he served as the chief coordinator in the planning of the tests . The Pokhran-II tests, a series of five nuclear bomb test explosions , were conducted at the Indian Army’s Pokhran Test Range in May 1998 . The tests achieved their main objective of giving India the capability to build fission and thermonuclear weapons with yields up to 200 Kilotons . Exclusive media coverage during the event, made Kalam a household name in India and he became the best known nuclear scientist in the nation.

#6 HE SERVED AS THE FIRST PRINCIPAL SCIENTIFIC ADVISOR TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

After his retirement from DRDO, Kalam was appointed as the first-ever Principal Scientific Advisor (PSA) to the Government Of India from November 1999 to November 2001 . Principal Scientific Advisor was a Cabinet rank position at the time and was largely created to assist scientific cross-sectoral synergy across ministries, institutions and the industry . During his service period, Dr. Kalam supervised committees making master plans regarding defence, agriculture, healthcare and information technology . Under this esteemed post, he was also responsible for evolving policies, strategies and missions for many developmental applications .

#7 HE SERVED AS THE 11TH PRESIDENT OF INDIA

On June 10, 2002, the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) , the then ruling party expressed their will to nominate Dr. Kalam for the post of President. On June 18 , Kalam filed his nomination papers in the Indian Parliament. He went on to win the 2002 Indian presidential election with an electoral vote of 922,884 as compared to 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal . Kalam was the first scientist to become the president of India. During his term as president, he was fondly called the People’s President because of his humility, integrity, vision; and his immense contribution to inspire and nurture the young minds of the nation. Dr. Kalam’s guidelines under the scheme of “Vision of 2020” to make India a developed country has been incorporated under plans of the Indian Government . After the expiry of his term and his unwillingness to contest the election for the second term, Pratibha Patil became his successor as the 12th president of India. Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam served as the 11th President of India from July 25, 2002 to July 25, 2007.

#8 HE SERVED IN VARIOUS EDUCATIONAL CAPACITIES POST PRESIDENCY

After leaving office, Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam opted to pursue the field of academics and delved deep into it. In one such pursuit, he joined the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Shillong , IIM Ahmedabad and IIM Indore as a visiting faculty . Dr. Kalam was also conferred with the honorary fellowship by the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore on the occasion of completing its 100 years. Kalam became the chancellor of the reputed Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST) in Thiruvananthapuram. IIST functions under the Department of Space, Government of India and is dedicated to the study and research of outer space . Moreover, Kalam served as professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna University ; taught information technology at the International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad ; and taught technology at Banaras Hindu University . Apart from his academic ventures, he initiated a youth-centric program mass movement called “What Can I Give Movement” in 2012 with the main agenda to triumph over corruption and to create a compassionate society .

#9 HE WROTE THE BESTSELLER WINGS OF FIRE

Dr Kalam had always encouraged the young population of India to develop the habit of reading and he penned down many inspirational books that always carried a message for his countrymen and addressed burning issues relevant to India. Some of his notable masterpieces are India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium (1998); Wings of Fire: An Autobiography of A P J Abdul Kalam (1999); Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India (2002); and Target 3 Billion (2011) . Among these, Wings of Fire and Ignited Minds have been bestsellers . Wings Of Fire recount the journey of Kalam from an extremely humble background to becoming the President of India through optimism and hard work. The autobiography was first published in English; and has so far been translated and published in 13 languages including Chinese and French. Ignited Minds delves into the obstacles that are preventing India from rising up to the challenge of development.

#10 HE WAS AWARDED THE BHARAT RATNA IN 1997

Dr Kalam was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1981 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1990 by the Government of India . These are the third highest and the second highest civilian awards in India respectively. He received the Padma Bhushan after the successful launch of SLV-III ; while he received the Padma Vibhushan after the successful completion of the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme . In 1997 , Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam received India’s highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, for his contribution to the scientific research and modernization of defence technology in India . Kalam has received numerous other honours including Veer Savarkar Award (1998); Ramanujan Award (2000); King Charles II Medal (2007); International von Kármán Wings Award (2009); Hoover Medal (2009); and Von Braun Award (2013) . Moreover, he has received 7 honorary doctorates from 40 universities . Apart from these prestigious accolades, in 2010, the United Nations declared October 15 as World Students’ Day to commemorate the birthday Dr. Kalam.

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Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Wiki, Age, Wife, Family, Death, Biography & More

Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam is the name of Knowledge, Decency, Statesmanship, Patriotism, Glory, and Inspiration. Even if, he is no longer among us, but, his name and his deeds are and always will be motivating millions of youngsters on the planet. He still lives in the hearts of the millions of Indians. His journey from selling the Newspapers to be a President of the Nation is truly more than a miracle. Being a perfect embodiment of Science, he truly deserves to be called the ‘ Missile Man of India .’ Life with simplicity and personality with high thinking were the two major weapons of Kalam to tackle the problems of life. His name will always be taken with pride in History.

Biography/Wiki

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931 in a Muslim family  in Rameswaram, Madras Presidency, British India. Kalam was the youngest of his five siblings. His father, Jainulabdeen was the Imam of a mosque and owned a boat. His father took Hindu pilgrims from Dhanushkodi (Now, uninhabited) to Rameshwaram or vice-versa. His mother was a homemaker. His forefathers had a good business of trading grocery back and forth between Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka. Moreover, they used to ferry pilgrims between mainland Tamil Nadu and Pamban Island. Therefore, the family earned the title of “ Mara Kalam Iyakkivar ” (Wooden boat-steerers). When Pamban bridge was constructed and came into operation in 1914, his family business failed and property got lost over the time. When Kalam was a child, his family was poor and Kalam used to sell the newspapers in his hometown to support his family financially.

In his early school year, Kalam was an average student but was curious to learn. He evolved his interests in Mathematics and Physics. He completed his primary and secondary education in  Schwartz Higher Secondary School , Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu, India. For his further education, he moved to  St. Joseph’s College , Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu where he graduated in Physics in 1954. In 1955, he enrolled at  Madras Institute of Technology to study Aerospace engineering. In Madras Institute of Technology, while working on a project, Dean was very dissatisfied with the lack of the progress of the project and threatened Kalam to revoke his scholarship. He gave Kalam a deadline of three days. Within three days, Kalam completed the project and impressed the Dean who later praised him, “I was putting you under stress and asking you to meet a difficult deadline.” Kalam narrowly missed out on achieving a dream of becoming a fighter pilot as he was placed on the ninth spot but, only eight positions were taken in the Indian Air Force.

APJ Abdul Kalam during his study in Madras Institute of Technology

Kalam was born to Jainulabiddin Marakayar (Imam) and  Ashiamma Jainulabiddin (Housewife). He had three brothers: Kasim Mohammed , Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar , Mustafa Kamal and one sister who was eldest,  Asim Zohra .

Kalam as a child with his siblings and parents

Kalam with his brother and other family members

Throughout his life, he remained unmarried.

After receiving education in Madras Institute of Technology, Kalam joined the laboratory of Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) , named  Aeronautical Development Establishment . Initially, he designed a small hovercraft. Kalam was also a part of  Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) committee under the renowned Indian Space Scientist,  Vikram Sarabhai .

APJ Abdul Kalam (Left) with Vikram Sarabhai (Right)

In 1963 and 1964, Kalam visited NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia; Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland; and Wallops Flight Facility. In 1969, he was transferred to the  Indian Space Research Organisation  (ISRO).  He was appointed the project director of the first satellite launch vehicle of India, SLV III, which successfully deployed Rohini  satellite in near-earth orbit in July 1980. From the 1970s to 1990s, Kalam strived hard to develop the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle  (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both of which were successful. In 1974, during the first nuclear test of India, Kalam was invited  Raja Ramanna . During the 1970s, two projects;  Project Devil  and  Project Valiant were directed by Kalam to develop ballistic missiles through SLV programs. At that time, then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi allotted secret fund to these programs.

APJ Abdul Kalam with Indira Gandhi

From July 1992 to December 1999, Kalam was the chief scientific adviser to the Prime Minister and the secretary of  DRDO. During the Pokhran II nuclear test in 1999, he served as the Chief Project Coordinator, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram.

During the 2002 Presidential Election, he was nominated as President of India by the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) and backed by Samajwadi Party (SP) and the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP). He received the majority of the votes bagging 89% of the votes overall defeating his rival,  Lakshmi Sahgal (A revolutionary during Indian Independence Movement and a former Army officer). On 25th July 2002, Kalam became the 11th President of India.

Abdul Kalam was sworn in as President by then CJI BN Kirpal

After leaving his President Office in 2007, Kalam became the visiting professor at the IIM, Shillong, IIM Ahmedabad, IIM Indore, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, etc.

Controversies

• During his presidential tenure, he was denounced for his inaction in deciding the fate of 20 out of the 21 mercy petitions submitted to him. During his 5 years tenure, he acted only on one mercy plea.
• In 2005, Kalam took a very controversial decision to impose president rule in Bihar.
• In 2011, he was criticised for his stand on  Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant as he supported the establishment of the nuclear plant. He was denounced for not speaking with people and even he did not assure people of their safety.

Awards/Honours/Achievements

In 1981, he was awarded,  Padma Bhushan  by the government of India. In 1990, he was bestowed upon Padma Vibhushan . He was honoured by the country’s highest civilian award Bharat Ratna in 1997.

Abdul Kalam getting awarded Bharat Ratna by then President K. R. Narayanan

In 1998, he was awarded Veer Savarkar Award by Government of India. Britain’s Royal Society also awarded him the King Charles II Medal in 2007.

Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam receiving King Charles II Medal from Lord Martin Rees, then President of the Royal Society

In 2009, he was given Hoover Medal by ASME Foundation, USA. In 2013, National Space Society, USA bestowed him upon  Von Braun Award .

In his honour, the UP government changed Uttar Pradesh Technical University’s name to A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University . The name of Kerala Technological University was changed to  A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Technological University  after his death. In September 2015, the name of Wheeler Island, a national missile test site in Odisha was changed to Abdul Kalam Island in his honour. The name of a prominent road in New Delhi was changed from Aurangzeb Road to  Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Road .

His lifestyle was very simple. He did not own many things except some: 2,500 books, a wristwatch, a Veena, a CD Player, a laptop, 6 shirts, 3 suits, 4 trousers, and a pair of shoes, his ancestral house and a small site near the house in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu.

Death Cause

On 27 July 2015, Kalam was flying to Shillong to deliver a lecture in Indian Institute of Management in Shillong. While climbing stairs of the flight, he felt unease but got well soon after taking some hour’s rest in aeroplane. When he was delivering a lecture in the class, at 6:35 pm, he collapsed. He was rushed to a nearby Bethany Hospital. He was placed in ICU. But, at 7:45 pm, he took his last breath and died of Cardiac Arrest .

His last words to his aide, Srijan Pal Singh were: “ Funny guy! Are you doing well ?.”

APJ Abdul Kalam with Srijan Pal Singh

On 30 July 2015, with full state honours, he was laid to rest at Rameswaram’s Pei Karumbu Ground . More than 3.5 lakh people attended the last rites including Narendra Modi (Incumbent Prime Minister of India).

Religious and Spiritual Views

He was a practicing Muslim. He used to offer Namaz daily and had fast during the month of Ramadan. However, he used to read Bhagavad Gita , a Hindu spiritual text also. He had respect for other faiths too. He often said, “For great men, religion is a way of making friends; small people make religion a fighting tool.”

He was very impressed by  Pramukh Swami Ji . Kalam considered Pramukh Swami Ji as his spiritual Guru. When he met Pramukh Swami Ji for the first time on 30 June 2001, he said that he was drawn to Swami Ji’s simplicity.

Abdul Kalam receiving the blessing from Pramukh Swami

Kalam described one incident of his meeting with Swami Ji. That incident took place just after the day of the terrorist attack on BAPS’ Akshardham, Gandhinagar complex in September 2002; he said that Swami Ji prayed for the deceased as well as terrorists and sprinkled the holy water upon the site. Kalam was inspired by Swami Ji’s calmness and compassion. Having been inspired by this incident, Kalam authored ‘ Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji. ‘

Kalam wrote Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji

Famous Books 

His bibliography includes India 2020  (1998),  Wings Of Fire (1999),  Ignited Minds  (2002), Indomitable Spirit  (2006),  Turning Points (2012), etc.

Abdul Kalam wrote India 2020

Interesting Facts

Abdul Kalam, a Book borrower

• When Kalam was only 9 or 10 years old, the Second World War started. In an interview, he revealed that he had felt the travesty of the war as it had almost reached the doors of Rameswaram.

Kalam playing Veena

• When he was in DRDO, he was the chief of the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program and developed 5 missiles: Nag, Akash, Trishul, Agni, Prithvi. During this period, Pokhran-II Nuclear Tests were conducted under his guidance in which Kalam played a crucial political and technological role along with the then Prime Minister of India, Atal Bihari Vajpayee .

Kalam was vegetarian

• During his tenure as President of India, he used to donate his all savings to an Organisation, PURA  (Providing Urban Amenities in Rural Areas).
• During his Presidential tenure from 2002 to 2007, he installed a Manipuri style hut at the Rashtrapati Bhavan referring it as a ‘thinking hut .’ He used to sit in this hut in morning and evening. The hut was demolished when his tenure ended.
• Media affectionately called him the “ People’s President ” when he was the President of India.
• Once he refused to sit on a special chair. According to him, he didn’t want to make himself superior to others.
• In November 2011, the United States apologised to Kalam for not following the appropriate procedures for expedited screening of dignitaries. When Kalam was on board to the USA in September 2011, he was frisked at the JFK airport.
• He was very positive in nature, in 2001, he boarded a helicopter from Ranchi to Bokaro district, Jharkhand. he was informed about some issues with the helicopter’s rotor, although, it was a death alarm for the crew of cockpit, he created a signature smile on everyone’s face and advised the pilot not to be petrified.
• Just after a day of his death, the government of Tamil Nadu announced that his birthday ’15 October’ would be celebrated as “ Youth Renaissance Day ” and state government further instituted “ Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Award .”
• Throughout his life, he remained unmarried, so, he is the only bachelor president of India so far.
• In 2011, in a film titled ‘ I Am Kalam ,’  he was portrayed by a poor Rajasthani boy, Chhotu who renamed himself ‘Kalam’ in the honour of his Idol.

Narendra Modi inaugurating APJ Abdul Kalam Memorial in 2017

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A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Biography For Students and Children

4to40.com July 26, 2024 Biographies for Kids 14,995 Views

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam – Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (born 15 October, 1931 – died 27 July, 2015) is an Indian scientist and administrator who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, studied physics at the St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli, and aerospace engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology, Chennai .

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Biography

Before his term as President, he worked as an Aerospace engineer with Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Kalam is popularly known as the Missile Man of India for his work on the development of ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology. He played a pivotal organisational, technical and political role in India’s Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998, the first since the original nuclear test by India in 1974.

Kalam advocated plans to develop India into a developed nation by 2020 in his book India 2020. He has received several prestigious awards, including the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honour. Kalam is known for his motivational speeches and interaction with the student community in India. He launched his mission for the youth of the nation in 2011 called the What Can I Give Movement with a central theme to defeat corruption in India.

Early Life and Education:

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931 in a Tamil Muslim family to Jainulabudeen, a boat owner and Ashiamma, a housewife, at Rameswaram, Ramanathapuram District, located in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. He came from a poor background and started working at an early age to supplement his family’s income. After completing school, Kalam distributed newspapers to financially contribute to his father’s income. In his school years, he had average grades, but was described as a bright and hardworking student who had a strong desire to learn and spend hours on his studies, especially mathematics. He was just a simple man with a great fierceful heart in his childhood. After completing his school education at the Ramanathapuram Schwartz Matriculation School, Kalam went on to attend Saint Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli, then affiliated with the University of Madras, from where he graduated in physics in 1954. Towards the end of the course, he was not enthusiastic about the subject and would later regret the four years he studied it. He then moved to Madras in 1955 to study aerospace engineering. While Kalam was working on a senior class project, the Dean was dissatisfied with the lack of progress and threatened revoking his scholarship unless the project was finished within the next three days. He worked tirelessly on his project and met the deadline, impressing the Dean who later said, “I [Dean] was putting you [Kalam] under stress and asking you to meet a difficult deadline”. He narrowly missed achieving his dream of becoming a fighter pilot, as he placed ninth in qualifiers, and only eight positions were available in the IAF.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam: Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (by Press Information Bureau, Government of India) as a scientist after becoming a member of the Defence Research & Development Service (DRDS). He started his career by designing a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice of a job at DRDO.Kalam was also part of the INCOSPAR committee working under Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned space scientist.In 1969, Kalam was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the project director of India’s first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite in near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started work on an expandable rocket project independently at DRDO in 1965.In 1969, Kalam received the government’s approval and expanded the programme to include more engineers.

In 1963 to 1964, he visited NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia; Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland; and Wallops Flight Facility.Between the 1970s and 1990s, Kalam made an effort to develop the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both of which proved to be successful.

Kalam was invited by Raja Ramanna to witness the country’s first nuclear test Smiling Buddha as the representative of TBRL, even though he had not participated in its development. In the 1970s, Kalam also directed two projects, Project Devil and Project Valiant, which sought to develop ballistic missiles from the technology of the successful SLV programme. Despite the disapproval of the Union Cabinet, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi allotted secret funds for these aerospace projects through her discretionary powers under Kalam’s directorship. Kalam played an integral role convincing the Union Cabinet to conceal the true nature of these classified aerospace projects.His research and educational leadership brought him great laurels and prestige in the 1980s, which prompted the government to initiate an advanced missile programme under his directorship. Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, metallurgist and scientific adviser to the Defence Minister, worked on the suggestion by the then Defence Minister, R. Venkataraman on a proposal for simultaneous development of a quiver of missiles instead of taking planned missiles one after another. R Venkatraman was instrumental in getting the cabinet approval for allocating ₹ 3.88 billion for the mission, named Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) and appointed Kalam as the chief executive. Kalam played a major part in developing many missiles under the mission including Agni, an intermediate range ballistic missile and Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile, although the projects have been criticized for mismanagement and cost and time overruns.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and Secretary of the Defence Research and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999. The Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period in which he played an intensive political and technological role. Kalam served as the Chief Project Coordinator, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram, during the testing phase. Media coverage of Kalam during this period made him the country’s best known nuclear scientist.

In 1998, along with cardiologist Soma Raju, Kalam developed a low cost coronary stent, named the “Kalam-Raju Stent”. In 2012, the duo designed a rugged tablet computer for health care in rural areas, which was named the “Kalam-Raju Tablet”.

Presidency:

Kalam served as the 11th President of India , succeeding K. R. Narayanan. He won the 2002 presidential election with an electoral vote of 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted from 25 July 2002 to 25 July 2007. During his term as president, he was affectionately known as the People’s President.

On 27 July 2015, Kalam travelled to Shillong to deliver a lecture on “Creating a Livable Planet Earth” at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong. While climbing a flight of stairs, he experienced some discomfort, but was able to enter the auditorium after a brief rest. At around 6:35 p.m. IST, only five minutes into his lecture, he collapsed. He was rushed to the nearby Bethany Hospital in a critical condition; upon arrival, he lacked a pulse or any other signs of life. Despite being placed in the intensive care unit, Kalam was confirmed dead of a sudden cardiac arrest at 7:45 p.m IST.

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Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Biography, Birth, Full Name, Awards, Death

Know about the inspiring life of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, renowned as the Missile Man of India. Learn about his early life, education, presidency, contributions to science, and his legacy. Download the biography in PDF.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born on May 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, and studied physics and aeronautical engineering. In 2002, he became India’s President After his term as President, Abdul Kalam went back to teaching, writing, and helping the public

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, was an extraordinary scientist, visionary leader, and one of India’s most beloved personalities.Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam had a fascinating journey. He started by contributing to India’s space and missile programs and later became the President of India. Dr. Abdul Kalam’s life journey serves as an inspiration to millions around the globe. In this article, we will see the biography of APJ Abdul Kalam Azad.

Dr APJ Abdul Kalam-  A Brief Introduction

Here is a brief introduction about the Dr APJ Abdul Kalam;

He hailed from a simple family and faced numerous challenges in his early life. However, he had a strong desire for knowledge and an insatiable curiosity about science and technology.

APJ Abdul Kalam Biography

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, India’s beloved former President and eminent scientist, was born on October 15, 1931, in the island town of Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, India. His birthday often celebrated as Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Jayanti people and especially students remember him and his contribution on the Abdul Kalam birthday.

APJ Abdul Kalam- Early life of APJ Abdul Kalam

Dr Abdul Kalam was born into a humble Tamil Muslim family in the temple city of Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. His father, Jainulabdeen, was a boat owner and also served as an imam in a local mosque.  In APJ Abdul Kalam family His mother, Ashiamma, took care of the household. Among his siblings, Kalam was the youngest, with four brothers and one sister. 

APJ Abdul Kalam with his mother House of Abdul Kalam in Rameshwaram

APJ Abdul Kalam childhood was not happy as other child had despite having ancestors who were once wealthy traders and landowners, Kalam’s family faced financial difficulties. The opening of the Pamban Bridge led to significant losses in their business of ferrying pilgrims and trading groceries. Consequently, Kalam’s family struggled to make ends meet, and at a young age, he had to sell newspapers to help support them.

APJ Abdul Kalam Education

• Young Abdul Kalam had average grades in school, he was very hard working and had an immense desire to learn. He finished his secondary studies at Ramanathapuram’s Schwartz Secondary School.  
• In 1955, he graduated from Saint Joseph’s College in Tiruchirappalli with a diploma in physics. Later, he continued his education in Madras, got a diploma in aircraft engineering from the Madras Institute of Engineering. He aspired to become a military pilot but at the time he applied to the Indian Air Force (IAF) he was not selected because there were only eight slots available in the Indian Air Force, and he ended up being ninth in line.

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APJ Abdul Kalam- As a Scientist in DRDO

After graduation, he worked as a scientist for both the Defense Research Service in defense research and development organization (DRDO) in 1958 and later the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). He played a crucial role in India’s missile development program, making significant contributions to the development of ballistic missiles. He became known as the “Missile Man of India” for his significant contributions to India’s defense capabilities, particularly his work on the development of ballistic missiles like Agni and Prithvi.

Dr Abdul Kalam Biography As a Scientist in ISRO

In 1969, he moved to ISRO, where he served as the project director for India’s first satellite vehicle launch. The launch successfully placed the Rohini satellite into orbit around the Earth in July 1980.

Between the 1970s and 90s, Abdul Kalam played a crucial role in government projects, including LV and SLV. He led projects known as Project Devil and Project Valiant , aiming to develop ballistic missiles using technology from the successful SLV program. 

Kalam successfully persuaded Indira Gandhi to allocate secret funds for these aerospace projects. His expertise and research during the 1980s earned both him and the nation significant acclaim.

APJ Abdul Kalam As a Chief Executive in Integrated missile Development Programme (IGMDP)

In the early 1980s, a program called the Integrated Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) began in India. It was managed by the Ministry of Defence and run by DRDO, along with other government groups. In 1983, Kalam was asked to lead this program.

The IGMDP had strong political support and aimed to work on four projects at the same time:

• Prithvi: A short-range surface-to-surface missile.
• Trishul: A short-range low-level guided missile.
• Akash: A medium-range guided missile.
• Nag: A third-generation anti-tank missile.

Dr Abdul Kalam did a great job leading IGMDP. They successfully created different missiles, including the main Prithvi missile in 1988 and the Agni missile in 1989. Because of his success in leading IGMDP, A.P.J. Abdul Kalam earned the nickname “Missile Man.”

APJ Abdul Kalam As a Scientific Advisor

• In 1990: APJ Abdul Kalam became the Scientific Adviser to the Defense Minister.
• In 1992: Abdul Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and Secretary of the Defence Research and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999. 

In the late 1990s, he played a big role in the Pokhran-II, where India did five nuclear bomb tests in May 1998. After these successful tests, Kalam became a hero in the country, and the Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee said India is now a full-fledged nuclear state .

APJ Abdul Kalam As a President

In 2002, Dr. Kalam’s remarkable journey reached its zenith when he was elected as the President of India, the highest office in the country. His presidency was marked by his commitment to empowering the underprivileged and engaging with the youth of the nation. 

APJ Abdul Kalam served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. His presidency was characterized by a profound commitment to the welfare of the nation and a deep connection with the people. Kalam’s journey from being a renowned scientist to becoming the nation’s first citizen was a testament to his exceptional intellect, humility, and dedication.

During his term as President, Kalam was affectionately referred to as the “People’s President” due to his approachable and down-to-earth demeanor. He actively engaged with citizens, especially the youth, encouraging them to dream big and contribute to the development of the nation.

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Dr Abdul Kalam Role as President

APJ Abdul Kalam demonstrated his boldness and courage on this designation. One of his most courageous acts as a president was signing the “office of profit”.

• Under the English Settlement Act of 1701 in 1701, the “office of profit” indicates that no individual who is a professional setup process underneath the royal family or who has any arrangement with or is receiving a pension from the prince does have the ability to work for the “House of Commons.” This will give the royal family no influence on administrative conditions.

APJ Abdul Kalam- Award and Achievements

Throughout his career, Abdul Kalam received numerous awards and honors, including the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award, for his outstanding contributions to science and technology. Some of his Awards and Achievements are:

Dr APJ Abdul Kalam- After President Tenure

Even after his tenure as President, Dr. Kalam remained an influential figure, dedicating his time to mentoring students and encouraging scientific research. He believed in the power of innovation and technology as catalysts for societal transformation. Kalam’s contributions extended beyond national boundaries, as he actively engaged in global initiatives, promoting peace, sustainable development, and international cooperation.

APJ Abdul Kalam Biography: Books Written by APJ Abdul Kalam

Dr APJ Abdul Kalam wrote numerous books and essay some of them are as follow:

• Wings of Fire
• India 2020 
• Ignited Minds
• Naa Jeevana Gamanam
• Turning Points: A Journey Across Difficulties
• Indominate Spirits
• You Are Born To Blossom

APJ Abdul Kalam Death

Tragically, on July 27, 2015, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam passed away while delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management, Shillong. His sudden demise was mourned by millions worldwide, and his loss was deeply felt by the entire nation. However, his legacy lives on, inspiring generations to dream big, work hard, and contribute to the progress of society. This day is remembered as Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Death Anniversary.

Abdul Kalam Azad Legacy

APJ Abdul Kalam’s life and achievements serve as a testament to the limitless possibilities that lie within each individual. From a modest background to becoming a revered statesman, his journey reminds us that determination, knowledge, and integrity can transcend barriers and create a lasting impact. Dr. Kalam’s vision for a developed India, his love for education, and his unwavering commitment to the nation continue to inspire and guide us, urging us to strive for excellence and work towards a brighter future.

APJ Abdul Kalam as An Inspiration

Beyond his scientific accomplishments, Dr. Abdul Kalam possessed a deep sense of responsibility toward society, particularly the youth. He firmly believed that the progress and development of a nation are directly linked to the strength of its youth. 

Abdul Kalam ardently advocated for investing in education, nurturing scientific temper, and fostering an entrepreneurial spirit among the youth. He traveled extensively, delivering lectures and inspiring students across the country, emphasizing the importance of education, hard work, and moral values.

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List of All the Books Written by APJ Abdul Kalam

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam is the full name of one of India’s greatest scientists and former president Dr APJ Abdul Kalam.

Here, in this blog post, I will be listing out all the books and writings that APJ Abdul Kalam has contributed to our nation.

List of All the Writings of APJ Abdul Kalam

Famous books by dr kalam that you can buy online, india 2020: a vision for the new millennium.

Wings of Fire: An Autobiography

Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India

Turning Points: A Journey Through Challenges

Forge your Future: Candid, Forthright, Inspiring

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Final Words

If you love reading books and knowing about the new things then you must read these famous books by Dr A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.

I have read Wings of Fire: An Autobiography and Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India and found these to be really amazing.

Let me know by dropping a quick comment right now.

That means a lot.

Awesome website Shri Dr. A.P.J. Abdul kalam details are great i read this website fully motivated and inspired by Shri Dr. A.P.J. Abdul kalam

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Biography of APJ Abdul Kalam | Biography Writing

The Biography writing of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam is described in this post. Abdul Kalam was the greatest teacher, scientist, and president of the people. Every true patriotic Indian has a deep respect in their heart for President APJ Abdul Kalam.  

Q: Write a biography of APJ Abdul Kalam using the following points: 

Points: Date and place of birth: 1931, Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu-Parents: Jainulabdeen, a pious muslim and Ashiamma-Education: School of Rameshwaram; Madras Institute of Technology,

A PJ Abdul Kalam

 A vul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, the great scientist and one of the finest men of modern India, was a ‘ratna’, a jewel of India. He was popularly called the ‘Missile Man’. As the eleventh president of India, he won the hearts of the people. He was the people’s president.

He was born in Rameswaram, Tamilnadu on 15th October, 1931. His father Jainulabdeen was a pious person and mother Ashiamma was a homemaker. His early education started in a school at Rameswaram. Then he was admitted to Madras Institute of Technology. He played a key role in India’s first-ever rocket launching in 1965. He was the leader of the nuclear explosion experiment at Pokhran in 1988. He guided the launching of the surface to surface missiles ‘Trisul’, ‘Akash’ and ‘Agni’.

He received the ‘Padma Bhusan’ and the ‘Bharat Ratna’, the highest civilian award in India. He wrote many books including ‘Wings of Fire’, his autobiography. He left his mortal body on 27 July, 2015. But his ideal will surely guide us towards his dream destination – India as a knowledge super power.

 Some Famous Quotes by Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

1. “ Thinking should become your capital asset, no matter whatever ups and downs you come across in your life. ”

2.   “ Dream, dream, dream. Dreams transform into thoughts and thoughts result in action. ”

3.    “ Don’t take rest after your first victory because if you fail in second, more lips are waiting to say that your first victory was just luck .”

4.  “ If you fail, never give up because FAIL means First Attempt In Learning. ”

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A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Biography and Work

Table of Contents

What is the best work of APJ Abdul Kalam?,What was the work life of APJ Abdul Kalam?,Why is Abdul Kalam famous for?,What is the slogan of Abdul Kalam?,What is a short note on APJ Abdul Kalam?,What is Abdul Kalam invention?,What was Abdul Kalam’s dream?,Did APJ Abdul Kalam get married?,What are Abdul Kalam achievements?,Why Abdul Kalam love children?,A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Born on October 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, affectionately known as the “People’s President” and the “Missile Man of India,” stands as a symbol of inspiration for millions. His life, marked by resilience and unparalleled achievements, took him from humble beginnings to the presidency and left an enduring impact on India’s scientific and educational landscape. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Biography and Work

Early Years and Education:

Abdul Kalam’s early life unfolded against a backdrop of financial challenges in a lower-middle-class family. His father, Jainulabdeen, worked as a boat owner and an imam at a local mosque, while his mother, Ashiamma, managed the household. Despite modest means, Kalam’s parents instilled in him the values of hard work and the importance of education.

His journey into the world of science began at St. Joseph’s College in Tiruchirapalli, where he pursued physics. Further studies in aerospace engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology (MIT) set the stage for a remarkable career. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Biography and Work

Early Career in Aerospace Engineering:

Kalam’s foray into aerospace engineering became the cornerstone of his future accomplishments. Joining the Defense Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) in 1958 and later moving to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), he played a pivotal role in shaping India’s space and missile programs.

In the 1970s, Kalam spearheaded the development of India’s first satellite launch vehicle, SLV-III, and contributed significantly to ballistic missile technology, earning him the title “Missile Man of India.”

Leadership at DRDO and ISRO:

Kalam’s leadership qualities shone brightly during his tenure at DRDO and ISRO. His innovative approaches and dedication to technological advancements resulted in the successful development of critical defense and space capabilities for India. Holding key positions, including Chief Scientific Advisor to the Prime Minister, he played a vital role in India’s nuclear tests in 1998.

Presidency and the People’s President:

Elected as the President of India in 2002, Abdul Kalam brought a unique perspective to the highest office. As the first scientist and bachelor to assume the presidency, he focused on education, youth development, and economic self-reliance.

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His presidency was characterized by a genuine connection with people from all walks of life, earning him the title of the “People’s President.” Kalam’s approachability, humility, and commitment to the nation’s welfare endeared him to millions.

Vision for Education and Youth Empowerment:

Abdul Kalam’s passion for education and belief in the youth’s potential became central to his vision. Encouraging students to dream big, his interactions with them became known as the “Kalam Effect,” inspiring countless young minds to pursue careers in science and technology.

Advocating for educational reforms, Kalam envisioned a knowledge-based society where science and technology drive economic growth. Initiatives like “PURA” aimed at transforming rural India through integrated development reflected his visionary thinking.

Literary Pursuits and Thought Leadership:

Beyond his scientific and political roles, Kalam was an accomplished author and thought leader. His autobiography, “Wings of Fire,” and other works like “Ignited Minds” showcased his life journey and vision for a developed India.

Kalam’s speeches and writings, marked by wisdom and optimism, resonated with people. His ability to simplify complex ideas made his message accessible, transcending barriers of age and background.

Post-Presidency and Legacy:

Post his presidency in 2007, Kalam continued to inspire through various initiatives. His commitment to education, regular interactions with students, and encouragement for research and innovation remained unwavering.

Tragically, on July 27, 2015, Kalam passed away while delivering a lecture. His death left a profound void, but his legacy endures through ignited minds, strengthened institutions, and embodied values. Abdul Kalam remains an iconic figure, guiding generations to dream, innovate, and contribute to their nation and the world.

Major Works of A.P.J. Abdul Kalam:

• “Wings of Fire” (1999): An autobiography that provides insights into Abdul Kalam’s life journey, from his early days in Rameswaram to his significant contributions to India’s aerospace and defense programs. The book also explores his thoughts on leadership, education, and the future of India.
• “Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India” (2002): In this book, Kalam shares his vision for India’s development, emphasizing the role of youth in igniting positive change. He discusses the challenges and opportunities facing the nation and encourages readers to contribute to the country’s progress.
• “My Journey: Transforming Dreams into Actions” (2013): Another autobiographical work where Kalam reflects on his experiences and the evolution of his dreams into actions. The book offers a personal perspective on his presidency, scientific endeavors, and his interactions with people from diverse backgrounds.
• “India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium” (1998): Co-authored with Y.S. Rajan, this book presents a vision for India’s development by the year 2020. It explores various sectors, including education, technology, and healthcare, outlining strategies to achieve sustainable growth.
• “My Life: An Illustrated Biography” (2015): This book provides an illustrated overview of Abdul Kalam’s life, achievements, and contributions. It serves as a visual tribute to his legacy, with photographs and narratives capturing key moments in his journey.

Writing Style of A.P.J. Abdul Kalam:

• Accessible Language: Abdul Kalam’s writing style is characterized by simplicity and accessibility. He used straightforward language, making his works easily comprehensible to a wide audience, including students, professionals, and the general public.
• Inspirational Tone: Kalam’s writings exude an inspirational and motivational tone. Whether narrating his personal journey, envisioning the future of India, or discussing leadership principles, he aimed to uplift and inspire readers to pursue their dreams with determination.
• Personal Anecdotes: In his autobiographical works, particularly “Wings of Fire” and “My Journey,” Kalam often includes personal anecdotes. These stories provide readers with a glimpse into his experiences, values, and the individuals who influenced his life.
• Clarity of Thought: Kalam’s writing reflects a clear and organized thought process. Whether discussing complex scientific concepts, articulating his vision for the nation, or sharing personal reflections, he maintained clarity in conveying his ideas.
• Visionary Ideas: Kalam’s works are marked by visionary ideas, especially in books like “Ignited Minds” and “India 2020.” He envisioned a prosperous and developed India, and his writing reflects his deep commitment to realizing this vision through education, innovation, and societal transformation.
• Educational Emphasis: Given his passion for education, Kalam’s writing often emphasizes the importance of learning, innovation, and research. His books serve as a call to action for individuals to invest in their education and contribute to the progress of the nation.
• Thoughtful Reflections: In addition to providing insights into his achievements, Kalam’s writing includes thoughtful reflections on leadership, patriotism, and the potential of individuals to make a positive impact on society. These reflections showcase his philosophical and introspective side.

Conclusion:

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam , the “People’s President” and the “Missile Man of India,” left an indelible mark on the fabric of India’s history and collective consciousness. His life journey, marked by humility, resilience, and unwavering commitment to the nation, inspires millions. From his early struggles in Rameswaram to shaping India’s aerospace and defense capabilities and serving as the President, Kalam’s legacy extends beyond his professional accomplishments. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Biography and Work

As an author, his writings, including autobiographies like “Wings of Fire” and visionary works like “Ignited Minds,” serve as beacons of inspiration. Kalam’s accessible language, inspirational tone, and emphasis on education and innovation make his works timeless guides for individuals aspiring to make a positive impact.

The resonance of Abdul Kalam’s ideals is reflected in the continued reverence and admiration he receives posthumously. His vision for a developed India, driven by empowered youth and technological advancements, remains a guiding force for the nation.What is the best work of APJ Abdul Kalam?,What was the work life of APJ Abdul Kalam?,Why is Abdul Kalam famous for?,What is the slogan of Abdul Kalam?,What is a short note on APJ Abdul Kalam?,What is Abdul Kalam invention?,What was Abdul Kalam’s dream?,Did APJ Abdul Kalam get married?,What are Abdul Kalam achievements?,Why Abdul Kalam love children?,

1. What are Abdul Kalam’s major works?

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam’s major works include “Wings of Fire,” an autobiography; “Ignited Minds,” a vision for India’s development; “My Journey,” another autobiographical work; “India 2020,” a vision for the new millennium; and “My Life,” an illustrated biography.

2. What is the significance of “Wings of Fire”?

“Wings of Fire” is Abdul Kalam’s autobiography, offering insights into his life, struggles, and contributions to India’s aerospace and defense programs. It provides a personal narrative of his journey from a small town to becoming a renowned scientist and eventually the President of India.

3. How would you describe Abdul Kalam’s writing style?

Abdul Kalam’s writing style is characterized by simplicity, accessibility, and an inspirational tone. He uses clear language to convey his ideas, often incorporating personal anecdotes. His works reflect visionary thinking, emphasizing education, youth empowerment, and a positive vision for India.

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