case assignment

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• > The Cambridge Handbook of Role and Reference Grammar
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Book contents

• The Cambridge Handbook of Role and Reference Grammar
• Cambridge Handbooks in Language and Linguistics
• Copyright page
• Contributors
• Pedagogical Guide to The Cambridge Handbook of Role and Reference Grammar
• Introduction
• Part One Overview
• Part Two Topics in RRG: Simple Sentences
• 2 Lexical and Grammatical Categories in RRG
• 3 A Conceptually Oriented Approach to Semantic Composition in RRG
• 4 Semantic Macroroles
• 5 Grammatical Relations
• 6 Argument Structure Alternations
• 7 Case Assignment
• 8 Morphology in RRG
• 9 Adverbs, Mimetics and Ideophones
• 10 Adposition Assignment and Adpositional Phrase Types in RRG
• 11 The RRG Approach to Information Structure
• 12 Information Structure and Argument Linking
• Part Three Topics in RRG: Complex Sentences
• Part Four Applications of RRG
• Part Five Grammatical Sketches

7 - Case Assignment

from Part Two - Topics in RRG: Simple Sentences

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 June 2023

This chapter explicates the Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) theory of case assignment and outlines its OT implementation and its extension to instrumental case assignment and case syncretism. The ’non-OT’ theory of case assignment in RRG is a version of dependent case theory that assigns nominative, accusative, absolutive and ergative case in terms of the ranking of actor and undergoer, while its OT-based counterpart defines accusative, ergative, dative and instrumental case with reference to (non-)macrorole status, conflates nominative and absolutive as an any-argument case, and derives the variation of case syncretism from the case hierarchy of Silverstein (1980/1993).

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• Case Assignment
• By Wataru Nakamura
• Edited by Delia Bentley , University of Manchester , Ricardo Mairal Usón , Universidad National de Educación a Distancia, Madrid , Wataru Nakamura , Tohoku University, Japan , Robert D. Van Valin, Jr , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
• Book: The Cambridge Handbook of Role and Reference Grammar
• Online publication: 08 June 2023
• Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316418086.010

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Using Case Studies to Teach

Why Use Cases?

Many students are more inductive than deductive reasoners, which means that they learn better from examples than from logical development starting with basic principles. The use of case studies can therefore be a very effective classroom technique.

Case studies are have long been used in business schools, law schools, medical schools and the social sciences, but they can be used in any discipline when instructors want students to explore how what they have learned applies to real world situations. Cases come in many formats, from a simple “What would you do in this situation?” question to a detailed description of a situation with accompanying data to analyze. Whether to use a simple scenario-type case or a complex detailed one depends on your course objectives.

Most case assignments require students to answer an open-ended question or develop a solution to an open-ended problem with multiple potential solutions. Requirements can range from a one-paragraph answer to a fully developed group action plan, proposal or decision.

Common Case Elements

Most “full-blown” cases have these common elements:

• A decision-maker who is grappling with some question or problem that needs to be solved.
• A description of the problem’s context (a law, an industry, a family).
• Supporting data, which can range from data tables to links to URLs, quoted statements or testimony, supporting documents, images, video, or audio.

Case assignments can be done individually or in teams so that the students can brainstorm solutions and share the work load.

The following discussion of this topic incorporates material presented by Robb Dixon of the School of Management and Rob Schadt of the School of Public Health at CEIT workshops. Professor Dixon also provided some written comments that the discussion incorporates.

Advantages to the use of case studies in class

A major advantage of teaching with case studies is that the students are actively engaged in figuring out the principles by abstracting from the examples. This develops their skills in:

• Problem solving
• Analytical tools, quantitative and/or qualitative, depending on the case
• Decision making in complex situations
• Coping with ambiguities

Guidelines for using case studies in class

In the most straightforward application, the presentation of the case study establishes a framework for analysis. It is helpful if the statement of the case provides enough information for the students to figure out solutions and then to identify how to apply those solutions in other similar situations. Instructors may choose to use several cases so that students can identify both the similarities and differences among the cases.

Depending on the course objectives, the instructor may encourage students to follow a systematic approach to their analysis.  For example:

• What is the issue?
• What is the goal of the analysis?
• What is the context of the problem?
• What key facts should be considered?
• What alternatives are available to the decision-maker?
• What would you recommend — and why?

An innovative approach to case analysis might be to have students  role-play the part of the people involved in the case. This not only actively engages students, but forces them to really understand the perspectives of the case characters. Videos or even field trips showing the venue in which the case is situated can help students to visualize the situation that they need to analyze.

Accompanying Readings

Case studies can be especially effective if they are paired with a reading assignment that introduces or explains a concept or analytical method that applies to the case. The amount of emphasis placed on the use of the reading during the case discussion depends on the complexity of the concept or method. If it is straightforward, the focus of the discussion can be placed on the use of the analytical results. If the method is more complex, the instructor may need to walk students through its application and the interpretation of the results.

Leading the Case Discussion and Evaluating Performance

Decision cases are more interesting than descriptive ones. In order to start the discussion in class, the instructor can start with an easy, noncontroversial question that all the students should be able to answer readily. However, some of the best case discussions start by forcing the students to take a stand. Some instructors will ask a student to do a formal “open” of the case, outlining his or her entire analysis.  Others may choose to guide discussion with questions that move students from problem identification to solutions.  A skilled instructor steers questions and discussion to keep the class on track and moving at a reasonable pace.

In order to motivate the students to complete the assignment before class as well as to stimulate attentiveness during the class, the instructor should grade the participation—quantity and especially quality—during the discussion of the case. This might be a simple check, check-plus, check-minus or zero. The instructor should involve as many students as possible. In order to engage all the students, the instructor can divide them into groups, give each group several minutes to discuss how to answer a question related to the case, and then ask a randomly selected person in each group to present the group’s answer and reasoning. Random selection can be accomplished through rolling of dice, shuffled index cards, each with one student’s name, a spinning wheel, etc.

Tips on the Penn State U. website: https://sites.psu.edu/pedagogicalpractices/case-studies/

If you are interested in using this technique in a science course, there is a good website on use of case studies in the sciences at the National Science Teaching Association.

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• Response & Troubleshooting Respond to the customer with perfect tone and grammar every time
• Summary & Action Respond faster with case summaries and next best actions generated by AI
• Predictive Queue Focus on important cases first using predictive customer sentiment indicators
• Translation Handle cases in any language using translation powered by generative AI
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Oct 24, 2022

The ultimate guide to case assignment, part 1: where does your method rank.

Martin Schneider

Support Experience proactive support Intelligent Case Assignment assignment

Today’s consumers have much higher customer service expectations than they did even a year ago. According to Zendesk , more than 60% of customers report their support standards have increased since 2021. Freshdesk also reported that 80% of customers said they want faster responses from organizations.

These quick replies depend on contact centers’ case assignment processes. For fast resolutions, support teams need a system that quickly sends cases to qualified, available agents. 

But which case assignment method is the best? We’re a bit biased here at SupportLogic, but we feel pretty strongly that AI-based intelligent case assignments are the way to go.

Before we dive into the methods though, let’s start with case assignment basics. 

Case assignment models

There are two main types of customer service ticketing models: tiered support and swarming support . The one you choose for your contact center depends on the number of agents on your team, the difficulty of your cases, and the size of your case queues and backlogs.

Tiered support model

Tiered support is considered the “classic” support structure and works by escalating cases through three tiers based on a case’s complexity.

• Tier 1: In this tier, support agents typically deal with customers’ basic questions and issues. All customer support inquiries begin here.
• Tier 2: Cases are moved to Tier 2 when agents in Tier 1 are unable to solve the issue at hand. Agents working in Tier 2 have more technical knowledge, skills, and autonomy than Tier 1 agents.
• Tier 3: This is the top level and consists of specialists and agents with the most technical skills and expertise.

With tiered support, you won’t have to worry about your most skilled agents wasting time on simple cases. Your specialists will be able to just work on complex issues. 

On the flip side, tiered support may lead to knowledge silos among agents. And if your company offers self-service resources, the first tier of agents may not have enough cases to handle while tier two and three agents are overwhelmed.  

Single-tier swarming model

With a single-tier swarming model, there’s no hierarchy or escalation. It’s an all-hands-on-deck approach that involves simultaneous collaboration among agents. 

All agents in a swarming model—or intelligent swarming—work together with experts from across the company on cases that fall within their expertise and responsibility, so cases are resolved as quickly as possible.

Different swarms—teams of agents and specialists who work together on cases—monitor the case queue for issues that fall within their scope of knowledge. Individual agents solve what they’re able to and leave the rest for others in their swarm.

In some large companies, support teams may include “local” swarms and “severity” swarms. Local swarms take care of cases that have simple solutions, while severity swarms typically consist of specialists. These swarm teams aren’t considered tiered because there’s no escalation from one level to the next—they split cases by difficulty right from the start.

This single-tier swarming model typically reduces case backlogs—by reducing time spent per case—because agents are working simultaneously. This model can also help agents bond as they work together in swarms.

On the other hand, highly qualified agents can get distracted by simple cases with the swarming model—which is especially problematic if you don’t have many specialists on your team. Swarming also may require training to get all agents up to speed on a variety of case issues.

Types of case assignment processes

Case assignment processes generally come down to two different methods: manual and automatic . Manual is essentially its own category, with the exception of “Free Case Assignment” (more on this later), while there are a variety of “automatic” methods. When we speak of processes and methods, “processes” is an overarching term used to describe a way of doing something; “methods” are the details that make up the processes. For example, brushing your teeth would be a process; using an electric toothbrush to brush your teeth would be a method.

To help you evaluate these processes, we’ll rank each one as “ Okay ,” “ Good ,” or “ Best .”

Manual case assignment

Our ranking: “Okay”

Manual case assignments involve customer service and CX managers assigning support cases to agents. Because manual assignments take time to complete, this process works well for organizations that have a low volume of support inquiries.

This process can also be beneficial for “high-touch” product and service scenarios. If you have an organization and offering that requires a lot of attention, manual case assignment may be the best choice for your team.

For teams with medium to high case flows, manual case assignment is a poor choice for a few reasons:

• The process will likely be too time-intensive for managers. 
• It can lead to human error since managers are controlling the assignments. Cases may end up on the desks of agents who aren’t equipped to handle them. 
• It can be a mental drain for managers, as they have to remember agents’ schedules and ever-evolving skill sets.

Free case assignment

With free case assignments, agents choose the cases they wish to work on from the queue.

This process gives agents flexibility and control. They can choose the cases that match their skill sets, so they’re often able to resolve issues more efficiently. And if agents are on a small team, they can coordinate with others on their case choices.

However, some agents may only select the easiest cases. If many agents skip over complex issues, customers with these problems may have to wait a long time for a resolution. The free case assignment process could also cause friction among agents if it creates unequal workloads.

Automatic case assignment

Our ranking: “Good”

With this case management process, your ticketing software automatically recommends and sends customer issues to agents—typically based on some criteria, like their skills or workload. The following processes—round robin, skill-based, workload-based, keyword-based, and intelligent case assignment—are all considered “automatic” case assignment strategies.

Automatic case assignments are faster and more efficient than manual routing because the software can send cases to agents right away based on preset criteria. It’s also more accurate because the software is working off of standardized rules, not subjective manager judgments. 

The challenging nature of setting criteria for cases with complex needs can serve as a potential downside to this automation. For example, a customer may have a simple inquiry, but it could be about one of your niche products. Now the question is: Is this considered a simple or complex case? There might not be a straightforward answer as all contact centers deal with cases differently, but we would say that this issue requires a tier two, three agents, or expert within a swarm.

Round robin case assignment

This case management process involves assigning cases to the next available agent within a sequence. All agents get an equal amount of cases to work on over time.

Round robin assignments help minimize bottlenecks when agents are out of the office. If agents are sick or on vacation, the workload will still be equally allocated to available agents. 

Because round robin case assignments don’t factor in skill sets, agents may work on cases that they’re not suited for. And agents working on difficult cases will still be assigned additional cases if it’s their turn in the queue, potentially leading to backups and long resolution times.

Skill-based case assignment

This process involves distributing support cases to agents based on their skill sets.

Skill-based case assignments help agents stay productive because they’re working on the issues they’re most experienced in. Your contact center won’t need to spend time triaging a case or passing it off if the initial assigned agent isn’t able to resolve the issue.

On the other hand, skill-based case assignment doesn’t take customer history or sentiment into account. Even if an agent has the knowledge to handle a particular issue, they may not have the soft skills—empathy, for example—to support specific customers.

Workload-based case assignment

Workload-based case assignment or load-based routing is a process that distributes customer issues based on the amount of cases agents currently have. When a new case comes in, the agent with the fewest number of open cases will receive it.

This approach helps teams maintain prompt response times, even when cases require different amounts of effort. If a single case is taking days or weeks, agents don’t have to worry about getting backed up and can focus on resolving the issue.

But like skill-based routing, this process doesn’t account for customer history or sentiment—which could be perceived as alienating if an agent doesn’t acknowledge former contacts made by the customer, or it could make customers feel like they’re interacting with a bot.

Keyword-based case assignment

Keyword-based case assignment is a process in which ticketing software rules send cases that contain specific keywords to specific agents. 

With this approach, agents can receive cases about the topics they specialize in. Say a case for an accounting software’s support team contains the phrase “personalize invoices.” An agent who knows about this feature would receive a ping about this case based on the keyword.  

At the same time, this process doesn’t take into account other key case factors—like customer sentiment and workload. If a large number of “personalize invoices” cases come in, the agent with that specialty will have a lot of work on their plate. 

Intelligent case assignment

Our ranking: “Best”

Intelligent case assignments are like the automatic processes mentioned above but slightly more complex. 

Ticketing software uses artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP) to make case assignments based on a variety of factors—not just one. With this multifaceted approach, intelligent case assignments help teams prioritize urgent cases and find qualified available agents. 

Our intelligent case assignment workflow distributes cases based on five factors: 

• Time overlap: Agent availability based on their assignments, working hours, and scheduled availability (e.g., vacation, meetings, etc.).
• Skills match: The skills required to resolve a specific case matched to your available agents’ skill relevancy.
• Case complexity match: Machine learning (ML) predicts the duration and response frequency of the support case and compares it to agent trends.
• Company experience: An algorithm scores each agent’s previous support interactions with the customer.
• Bandwidth: Each agent’s current backlog—weighted by complexity, priority, and proximity to resolution.

Based on these factors, SX Assign calculates case compatibility scores for each agent to find the best available person for each case. 

To avoid overwhelming the strongest agents with difficult cases, SX Assign is configured to “stretch” support agents just beyond their current comfort zone and route slightly more complex cases to them.

Why choose one when you can have it all?

Even if your organization isn’t using intelligent case assignments, SupportLogic SX Assign can still help you. It can give your current case routing approach a boost using intelligence and doesn’t require you to replace any of your current systems or software. SupportLogic’s intelligent case management can simply integrate with the process you’re already using—and make it better.

Check this week’s webinar to learn more about case assignment and slash your resolution in half.

Join us on Thursday, October 27th

Learn how SupportLogic’s technology helps you get the right cases to the right agents with minimal effort

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Case Assignment Rules: Understanding Legal Procedures

Mastering case assignment rules: a comprehensive guide.

Case assignment rules are an essential aspect of the legal system, governing how cases are assigned to judges and courts. Understanding these rules is crucial for legal professionals and anyone involved in the legal process. In this article, we will explore the intricacies of case assignment rules, including their importance, implementation, and impact on the legal system.

Importance of Case Assignment Rules

Case assignment rules play a vital role in ensuring fair and efficient allocation of cases within the legal system. By establishing clear guidelines for assigning cases to judges and courts, these rules help prevent biases or favoritism and promote transparency and accountability. Additionally, well-defined case assignment rules contribute to the smooth functioning of the legal process, reducing delays and backlog of cases.

Implementation of Case Assignment Rules

The Implementation of Case Assignment Rules varies across different jurisdictions legal systems. In some jurisdictions, cases are assigned through a random selection process, while others may use a rotational system or specific criteria such as case complexity or judge specialization. It is essential for legal professionals to be familiar with the specific case assignment rules applicable to their jurisdiction to navigate the legal process effectively.

Impact of Case Assignment Rules

Research and statistics have shown that well-designed case assignment rules can significantly impact the outcomes of legal proceedings. A study conducted by the American Bar Association found that jurisdictions with clear and consistent case assignment rules exhibited lower rates of case appeals and higher levels of public trust in the legal system. Moreover, efficient case assignment rules have been linked to reduced case processing times and improved judicial efficiency.

Case Assignment Rules in Practice

Let`s take a look at a real-world example to illustrate the practical application of case assignment rules. In the state of California, the Superior Court uses a case management system that incorporates a computerized random assignment process for civil cases. This system ensures that cases are allocated to judges in a fair and impartial manner, enhancing public confidence in the judicial system.

Mastering case assignment rules is crucial for legal professionals seeking to navigate the legal landscape with confidence and proficiency. By understanding importance, implementation, Impact of Case Assignment Rules, legal professionals can contribute fair efficient legal system upholds principles justice equality.

Professional Legal Contract: Case Assignment Rules

This agreement is made and entered into as of [Date], by and between the parties involved in the assignment and allocation of cases, hereinafter referred to as “Parties”.

In witness whereof, the parties have executed this agreement as of the date first above written.

Unlocking the Mysteries of Case Assignment Rules:

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8 Case theory

A first look at case, the basic purpose of case.

(4)	a.	Nominative
	b.	Accusative		(5) a. Modern Greek vlepi the-nom man-nom sees the-acc dog-acc 'The man sees the dog.' b. vlepi the-nom dog-nom sees the-acc man-acc 'The dog sees the man.' (6) a. Latin videt. grandfather-nom dog-acc sees 'The grandfather sees the dog.' b. videt. dog-nom grandfather-acc sees 'The dog sees the grandfather.' Case government (7) a. Dative ✓ b. Accusative * (8) a. Accusative ✓ b. Dative * (9) a. Dative   b. Accusative   c. Ablative   (10) a. German   (11) a. German   Latin Synthetic versus analytic case marking (12)     PIE, Sanskrit Baltic, some Slavic Other Slavic Latin Ancient Greek Old English German Nominative Dative Accusative Genitive Ablative Locative Instrumental Vocative Number of distinct cases 8 7 6 5 4 declension declension   'woman' 'grandfather' Sg Pl Sg Pl (14) a.   parler. I want 3pl.dat talk 'I want to talk to them.' b.   voir. I want 3pl.acc see 'I want to see them.' (15) a.   voisins. I want talk dat your neighbors 'I want to talk to your neighbors' b.   voisins. I want see your neighbors 'I want to see your neighbors.' (16) a.   ; mon ami habite we have sent the wine to Toulouse my friend lives in Paris 'We sent the wine to Toulouse; my friend lives in Paris.' b. avons envoyé le vin; mon ami habite. we there have sent the wine my friend there lives 'We sent the wine there; my friend lives there.' (17) a. ; nous avons mis le cadeau the present finds in my bag we have put the present on the table 'The present is (literally, finds itself) in the bag; we put the present on the table.' b. trouve; nous avons mis le cadeau. the present refl there finds we there have put the present 'The present is there; we put the present there.' for one recent hypothesis for how Latin and Old English are related. Genitive fox-es fox-a lar-e lar-a deor-es deor-a Dative fox-e fox-um lar-e lar-um deor-e deor-um Instrumental fox-e fox-um lar-e lar-um deor-e deor-um Accusative fox fox-as lar-e lar-a deor deor (19)     (20) a. * the guy's that I used to go out with cat b.   's cat Under the analysis just given, however, the nominative, possessive, and objective case of a full noun phrase are all homophonous in Modern English, and the determiner in is a case marker on a par with the preposition in        I        me 2 sg,          you        you 3 sg , ,        he, she, it        him, her, it 1 pl        we        us 3 pl        they          them   Case features (22) a. ✓ They will help her. b. ✓ She will help them. (23) a. * Them will help she. b. * Her will help they. (24) a. Subjects of appear in the nominative. b. Objects appear in the objective. (25) a. You will help her. b. She will help you. (26) a. My big brother will help her. b. She will help my big brother. (27) a.   [ They ] will help [ her. ] b.   [ You ] will help [ her. ] c.   [ My big brother ] will help [ her. ] (28) a.   [ She ] will help [ them. ] b.   [ She ] will help [ you. ] c.   [ She ] will help [ my big brother. ] Case licensing Spec-head licensing. on the one hand and on the other. In English, finite clauses are clauses that can stand on their own. The clauses in (i)-(iii) are finite; the ones in (iv) are not. (i)   Finite clause Finite tense + finite verb   I [pres] that; he [pres] that; I [past] that; he [past] that. (ii) a. Finite clause Finite tense + finite auxiliary + nonfinite verb (present participle)   I [pres] am that; he [pres] is that; I [past] was that; he [past] was that. b. Finite clause Finite tense + finite auxiliary + nonfinite verb (past participle)   I [pres] have that; he [pres] has that; I [past] had that; he [past] had that. (iii) Finite clause Modal + nonfinite verb (infinitive)   I will that; he will that. (iv) Nonfinite clause Nonfinite verb, no finite auxiliary or modal   to that; to be that; to have that (29) a.   Finite clause, nonfinite verb form (30) *   (31)   * (32) a.   Nominative case is checked by finite I. b.   Nominative case is licensed by finite V where possible (that is, in clauses that contain a finite V), and by finite I otherwise. (33) a.     (ii)   (34)     Head-spec licensing (35) a.   He expected b.   He expected that (36)     (37) a.   He expected [ there to be a fly in his soup ] . b.   He expected that [ there would be a fly in his soup ] . (38) a.   (39)     A is defined as follows: a. a head X b. the nonterminal node closest to X (that is, the intermediate projection X') c. a node closest to X' that is distinct from X d. the specifier of the node in (c) (40) a.   Head-comp licensing (41) a.   He expected b.   (42)     (43)     The nodes bearing the case features in a case-checking relationship as well as the nodes on the path connecting them must all be a (not necessarily proper) subset of the set of nodes in (39). Further issues Nonstructural conditions on case licensing. (44) a.   He expected their approval. b.   (45) *   He expected . b.   (46)     Case features on heads and noun phrases stand in a one-to-one relationship. (47)     Case licensing is a relationship between a head and an 'outside' noun phrase (that is, a noun phrase distinct from any projection of the case-checking head). (48)     (49)     When a case-checking head has the possibility in principle of entering into a case-licensing relation with either of two noun phrases, it is the minimal configuration (the one involving the shorter path) that is the grammatical one. (50)     A case feature on a head and the corresponding case feature on a noun phrase must match in value. (51) a.   b. * c. * d. * (52)     The dative-accusative distinction . (53)     (54) a.   (55) a.   b. * (56) a.   (57)     * (58) a.   b. * (59) a.   Case agreement Exercises and problems Exercise 8.1. (1) a. * He claims to he understand Hegel. b. * He claims he to understand Hegel. Exercise 8.2 (1)     He expected there to be a fly in his soup. Exercise 8.3 Exercise 8.4. in modern English can also be a complementizer. Assume that the complementizer retains the case-licensing ability of the preposition. (1) a.   I waited for her. b.   I waited for there to be a sale. c.   It would be convenient for daycare to be available for the children. d.   It would be convenient for the parents for daycare to be available. e.   I suspect the class to be difficult. Exercise 8.5 (1) a. * I was expectant there to be a problem. b. * the expectation there to be a problem Exercise 8.6 (1) a.   b. Exercise 8.7 (1) a.   All subjects are agents. b.   All agents are subjects. c.   All subjects check nominative case. d.   All noun phrases that check nominative case are subjects. Exercise 8.8 in (1a) is substituted directly in Spec(IP) without moving there from Spec(VP). (1) a. ✓ It appears that they may solve the problem. b. * They appear that t may solve the problem. Problem 8.1 Problem 8.2. (1) a.   I disapprove of impulsive hiring of incompetents. b.   I disapprove of impulsively hiring incompetents. (2) a.   I disapprove of impulsively hiring incompetents. b.   I'm concerned about not being time. c.   I watched running down the street. (3) a. * I disapprove of Kim's impulsive hiring incompetents. b. * I disapprove of Kim impulsive hiring of incompetents. (4) a. impulsively hiring incompetents is unfortunate. b. not being time is unfortunate. c. running down the street is unfortunate. (5)   * impulsive hiring of incompetents is unfortunate. Problem 8.3 Problem 8.4. How to Write a Case Study Assignment: All-In-One Guide But First: What Is a Case Study? How long should your case study paper be, 5 types of case study assignments, what’s the common case study structure, how is a case study different from a research paper, how to prepare for writing your case study assignment, 7 powerful tips on how to write a case study, how to add a title page & citations to a case study, 3 marketing case study templates to help you out, 3+1 case study examples to inspire you, in conclusion. This was my first time ordering work online and let me just say, I am pleasantly surprised. Ms. Glen did a fantastic job on my essay and after a few little tweaks here and there I was able to submit it early and get an A. Finance was never my thing so I figured I would ease my life and hire a professional. The expert completed the assessment 5 hours before the deadline and it was done according to the professor's requirements. Thanks, Mr. Hunther, you were a pleasure to work with. I keep suggesting Monica to all my friends who are struggling with math. Not only does she provide full answers, but she does a great job at explaining the reasoning behind them. I am beyond satisfied with how our cooperation with Mr.Gross turned out. My whole class including my prof was fascinated by my marketing project! Thanks for the great work Richard, I'll be back! I was so stressed about the upcoming biology assessment but Dr.Singh calmed me down and gave me the answers I needed to ace the task in such a short timeframe. I can definitely recommend her for biology help. You won’t get through your academic program without at least one case study assignment. That’s because case studies are a powerful tool for gaining a real-world, in-depth understanding of problems – and their solutions. But as an assignment, they can be confusing and challenging, especially if it’s your first time writing a case study. So, let us share with you everything we know about how to write a case study that’s compelling and fresh – and that’ll get you the top grade. Before you get to writing a case study, you need to understand what it is to zero in on your goal as the author. A case study is a piece that examines a particular problem and one or several of its real-world solutions. It can also analyze a certain event, personality, place, or situation in the context of a bigger issue. And here lies your first piece of advice on how to write a case study assignment. Your goal is to meticulously analyze your case: what problem it tackles, how successful the approach was, etc. It depends. A case study assignment can be anywhere between 500 and 1,500 words. The precise length depends on how long it needs to be for you to cover every crucial detail of the case and tell your readers the story. That said, when you get to case study writing, keep in mind these four guidelines: Hook your reader within the first 100 words; Dedicate the bulk of your text to results and benefits or failing; Keep it as concise as you can; Use visuals whenever appropriate. If you buy assignment , verify that the work you get follows these guidelines, too. When you’re asked to write a case study, remember to pinpoint which case study type matches your topic the best: Historical case studies examine past events and draw parallels between them and contemporary trends or issues. Cumulative case study writing involves aggregating information about a particular subject. Problem-oriented case studies aim to find the best solution by analyzing existing ones and their results. Illustrative case studies recount a certain event, break down its outcomes, and reach teachable conclusions. Critical case studies involve writing a case study report on the causes and effects of their subject. To write a case study, follow this standard eight-part structure: Executive summary combines an overview of the field and your thesis statement. The background is the description of your case: its context, course, and key issues. Case evaluation is where you isolate the issues or details you’ll focus on and explain why the solution works – or doesn’t. Proposed solutions describe how to improve what works or fix what doesn’t. It’s often the toughest part, so don’t hesitate to turn to cheap assignment help if it’s your case. The conclusion is a summary of the previous two sections. Recommendations are your substantiated opinion on the best way to tackle the issue. Implementation describes the practicalities of putting your strategies to work. Citations are where you provide all the references. These two types of assignments, albeit similar, aren’t the same. So, before we dive into how to write a case study essay, let’s list its four differences from a research paper: It’s a more detail-oriented, in-depth look at a particular case; When you write a case study, you should flex your storytelling muscles to craft a compelling essay; A case study is typically shorter than a research paper; It focuses on the practical aspects of approaching a certain problem. Preparation is a crucial part of how to write a case study. It should include rigorous research, multiple source analysis, and, sometimes, interviewing experts or customers. Here are five steps you should take during this phase: Pinpoint the goal of your case study assignment; Zero in on the topic, issue, and subject you’ll describe in it; Read up on its background information; Round up all the credible sources you’ll rely on in writing; Identify the multitude of solutions to the central problem. Now that you know what a case study is and how to prepare for writing one, let’s break down these seven actionable tips that’ll help you in your writing process. 1. Make Your Interviews as Easy as Possible If you’re writing a case study that examines a real business, campaign, or individual, it may involve one or several interviews. And when you ask a person to sit down with you, you essentially ask them to spend their time on you. So, make it as easy for them as possible: Straighten out all the interview details in advance (when, where, how long); Explain how the case study will be used and where it’ll end up; Offer to hold an interview the way they prefer (over the phone, online, via email). 2. Hook Your Readers with a Snapshot Like any good story, its beginning should hook the reader, i.e., make them want to read further. But don’t rely on the intrigue too much. Instead, in the introduction, describe not just the case setup but its results, too. Don’t worry about the intrigue: the journey from point A to point B should still pique the reader’s interest. 3. Find an Unconventional Perspective Writing a case study is easy. But writing a compelling one is not. To keep your readers hooked on your case study until the last word, you’ll have to flex your creative muscles. Here are three tips for that: Tell your story as a protagonist-driven narrative; Add a teaser at the beginning to hook your readers; Find your unique angle; don’t settle for a conventional perspective. “I don’t feel up to the challenge. Can I have someone do my assignment cheap instead?” Of course! Our writers are gurus of finding fresh perspectives, no matter how stale the topic may seem. 4. Make Your Story Relatable A unique angle shouldn’t render your story too ambiguous or cryptic to your readers. Instead, aim to craft your case study to be relatable to your target audience. For example, when businesses create their case studies to attract potential customers, they should make sure the reader can identify with the protagonist’s problems. Then, as the business describes how its product solved those problems, it essentially tells the reader, “This product can help you with your problem, too.” 5. Pay Attention to Visual Appeal & Readability Your case study shouldn’t be just a wall of text (if you can help it). Visuals are more efficient at communicating information. So, add infographics, charts, tables, and other illustrative visuals whenever possible. They’re easier to comprehend and consume. Readability is another thing to keep in mind. To make your case study easy to read, make it skimmable by: Adding subheadings and lists; Highlighting important sentences; Keeping the paragraphs and sections as short as possible. 6. Don’t Make the Narrative All About Yourself Unless you have the experience or background to be at the forefront of a case study, avoid I-statements. Focus on your protagonist and tell the story from their perspective instead. This is key to making it relatable for a particular target audience, too. Think about it this way. If you’re writing a case study for a company, you’ll want them to come across as a helping hand, not a self-proclaimed hero. So, stay humble and avoid boasting. 7. Let Your Subject Tell the Story Whenever possible, use that interview material and incorporate interviewees’ quotes directly into your story. This will help your case study come across as more credible – and more relatable, too. How should you use quotes when you’re writing a case study, exactly? Set up the scene or write the transition – and add the quote. And avoid repetition! Case Study Title Page The formatting for your title page and citations will depend on the style you’re required to use. Most likely, it’ll be the APA style. You may sometimes need to follow other style guidelines, like MLA or Chicago. If you need to follow the APA guidelines, adding a case study title page is obligatory. Here’s what it’ll include (each element should be on a new line): Author’s name; Author’s affiliation; Course number and name; Your instructor’s name; The paper’s due date. Need an example? Here’s one for a case study assignment: Greenwashing: Coca-Cola Sustainability Campaign Case Stud Jane B. Doe Harvard Business School, Harvard University MRK101: Introduction to Marketing Prof. John AdamsMay 12, 2022 Case Study Citations You’ll also need to know how to cite a case study when you write one. The exact rules differ depending on the style, so here are your formulas for APA and MLA styles with examples. For an APA citation , use this template: Author’s last name, initials (Publishing year). Title. Source Doe, J. B. (2020). Apple and Google: an oligopoly case study. Tech Journal, 10, 13. https://website.org/oligopoly-case-study For an MLA reference , follow this template: Author’s last name, first name. “Title of source.” Container, publication date, source location Doe, J. B. “Apple and Google: an oligopoly case study.” Tech Journal 10, 13, 2020, website.org/oligopoly-case-study. Accessed 4 May. 2022. Don’t know where to start with your case study? Following a template can be a great way to overcome writer’s block – and save some time in the process. Here are three resources with case study templates you’ll love: Canva has a whole case study category in its templates. Use them to make your case study presentation visually appealing – and outstanding! Venngage offers dozens of sleek PDF templates for case studies. You just need to create a free account to use them. HubSpot gives away a free pack of three text-only and three designed templates, along with a creation kit. Need business and marketing how to write a case study examples to give you a push in the right direction? Here are three of them you can learn a great deal from: “The Met” by Fantasy. Focused on a website redesign for The Met, this case study posted on Fantasy’s website shows instead of just telling. The text is concise while the website showcase is put front and center. "In-Depth Performance Marketing Case Study" by Switch. Presented in PDF format, this case study reads as an in-depth research paper on marketing. The client’s name is never revealed, but that doesn’t get in the way of storytelling. Switch also included a glossary of terms to make it more readable for non-marketers. “GoFundMe Increases Repeat and Referral Business 180%” by HubSpot. Just like other HubSpot case studies, this one is well-structured and emphasizes figures as evidence. It covers both the client’s problems and how the product solved them in a quote-driven, engaging way. If you’re looking for more academic case study writing examples or college assignment help, let us share a sample of Greenwashing: Coca-Cola Sustainability Campaign Case Study with you: The Coca-Cola Company, a global beverage corporation, has been criticized for its plastic production and waste since the 2000s. To improve its public image, the corporation decided to spotlight its sustainability efforts. However, these campaigns only hurt the company’s brand as it was accused of greenwashing (rightfully so). Coca-Cola pledged to reduce single-use bottles multiple times. In 2017, Greenpeace already criticized the company for failing to achieve its 2015 goal of sourcing 25% of bottle materials from recycled plastic. The company’s current goal – “using at least 50% recycled material in our packaging by 2030” – can be tracked via Ellen MacArthur Foundation, although the data is self-reported. According to that data, the recycled content accounts for just 11.5% of its packaging material sourcing as of 2020. But it excludes most of the company’s operations in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Break Free from Plastic’s annual Brand Audit has named Coca-Cola the number one plastic polluter worldwide five years in a row. The Changing Markets Foundation listed it as a top greenwashing company in 2022, too. All of this undermines Coca-Cola’s marketing campaign messaging and negatively impacts its branding. So, going forward, a genuine overhaul of its operations toward more sustainable ones – and transparent and full reporting on it – are a must for the company. A case study is a great way to gain fresh, practical insights into a certain problem or event. When done right, it’s also a more compelling and engaging piece than other research papers. However, that’s exactly what makes case studies so research-demanding and time-consuming. But if you’re not up to the challenge or lack the time required to do an A-worthy job, don’t worry. You can always turn to assignment help online like ours for help! Any tips on how to start a case study? Can you give some advice on how to write introduction for case study, where can i find some examples of well-written case studies, what if i don’t know where to start with my case study assignment, do you have any tips on how to present a case study, what is case study research. What is random assignment in psychology? Take a deep dive into the essence of random assignment in psychology. Learn how it levels the playing field for effective and reliable research. Reflective Essay Examples: A Comprehensive Guide to Writing With Examples and Tips Examining examples of reflective essays can provide valuable guidance on completing a reflective essay writing task. Take a look at various samples of reflective essays to enhance your understanding. Essay On Bullying Essays About Bullying can be easy with our detailed guide. Learn all about essays on bullying Case assignment In syntax, case assignment is used if case is assigned to an argument by a head , in particular a verb or a preposition , or by INFL (see structural case ). Such a head is called a case-assigner. V and P assign case to their complement positions, in some languages subject to structural conditions, e.g. government and adjacency . INFL on the other hand assigns case to its specifier (the surface subject) under specifier-head agreement ; if INFL is +Tense, the subject is assigned Nominative Case (e.g. he ), if INFL is -Tense, it assigns Null Case (the unique property of PRO ). More recently, all structural Case assignment is taken to be a matter of spec,head agreement in a different AGRP for each distinct argument (e.g. AGROP, AGRSP). In order to be assigned structural Case arguments move either overtly or covertly to an appropriate spec, AGRP position. Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics Chomsky, Noam A. 1981. Lectures on Government and Binding. Dordrecht:Foris. Chomsky, Noam A. 1986b. Barriers. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. Chomsky, Noam A. 1993. A Minimalist Program for Linguistic Theory. MIT occasional papers in linguistics , 1-67. Chomsky, Noam A. & Lasnik, H. 1993. The theory of principles and parameters. In Syntax: an international handbook of contemporary research. von Stechow, J. Jacobs A., Sternefeld, W. & Vennemann, T. (eds.). Berlin: De Gruyter. Reprinted in: The minimalist program, ch.1. Chomsky 1995, 13-127. Cambridge MA: MIT Press Other languages German Kasuszuweisung Navigation menu Personal tools. View source View history Thematic areas Interaction How to contribute Account registration Community portal Community forum Recent changes What links here Related changes Special pages Printable version Permanent link Page information Cite this page This page was last edited on 2 April 2008, at 18:17. Content is available under Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 unless otherwise noted. 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