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Master’s in Teaching vs. Master’s in Education: What’s the Difference?

In many ways, a master’s in teaching and a master’s in education are similar degrees. Both focus on learning theory and pedagogy, curriculum development, child development and psychology, classroom management, assessment and measurement, educational technology, and research. Both can lead to careers in front of a classroom.

So what’s the difference? The primary distinction is that the master’s in teaching focuses more directly on teaching and classroom management. In contrast, the master’s in education is a broader degree, applicable to a classroom career but also to jobs in administration, curriculum development, and education policy. That said, it’s possible to become an administrator, curriculum developer, or education policy specialist with a master’s in teaching. It’s also possible to become a teacher with a master’s in education. The differences are not cut-and-dried.

Who typically gets a master’s in teaching vs. a master’s in education?

Your career aspirations will likely impact your decision on whether to pursue a master’s in teaching or a master’s in education. If you know you want to spend your career teaching, you’re more likely to pursue the teaching degree. If you hope to work in administration, policy, or academic research, you may opt for the education degree.

If you’re an aspiring teacher with a bachelor’s degree in an area unrelated to education, you should consider enrolling in a teacher residency program like the one at New York University Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development. You’ll earn your master of arts in teaching (MAT) in a little over a year, plus you’ll accrue a full year of teaching experience as a resident teacher in. You’ll work under the supervision of an experienced mentor as you learn in your academic program. It’s an optimal opportunity to learn advanced teaching theory and practice and to put what you learn immediately into practice.

Career paths in education

A master’s degree qualifies you for a broad range of career opportunities in elementary and secondary education. Some are better suited to a master’s in teaching, others more appropriate for someone with a master’s in education. For many jobs, either degree is applicable. 

Careers with a master’s in teaching or a master’s in education

Education consultant.

Education consultants work with school systems, individual schools, teachers, and students to address learning, training, curriculum development, program implementation, and other education-related challenges. What an education consultant does depends on their area(s) of expertise. They may train teachers in new teaching methods, work with administrators to address specific safety issues, assist a school in launching online education programs, or consult with a district on curricular options. Most education consultants have previously worked as teachers or administrators. PayScale reports that education consultants earn, on average, $63,092 per year in base pay, with additional opportunities for bonuses, incentives, and commissions. The website sets the range of total annual compensation at $43,000 to $153,000.

Education policy analyst

Education policy analysts work with individual schools, districts, state school systems, and national education policy organizations to identify challenges impacting student and teacher performance. They work in government, think tanks, school boards, lobbying firms, and education consulting companies. Policy analysts might study how teacher compensation, class size, absentee rates, family income, and a raft of other factors affect student outcomes, then offer policy prescriptions to mitigate the problems they identify. According to PayScale , education policy analysts earn a base income of $63,129, with total annual income – including commissions, incentives, and bonuses – ranging from $44,000 to $96,000.

Instructional designer

Instructional designers work with faculty and other curriculum developers to create effective learning materials. They are experts in learning theory and the design and technology required to realize finished educational materials. The job once focused on hard-copy materials – textbooks, worksheets, and posters – but today, many instructional designers work in online learning, creating lessons adapted to the demands of distance education. They typically work in a design firm office or from home, either as freelancers or remote salaried employees. According to ZipRecruiter , instructional designers earn, on average, $80,182 per year.

Teachers lead classrooms and work with students individually in various subjects and specializations, depending on their training. They prepare lessons, create and grade assignments, track and assess student progress, and counsel students on academic and extracurricular matters. Elementary-level teachers typically teach across the curriculum, while those at the secondary level concentrate on an area of expertise, such as English language arts, mathematics, science, and history. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , the average annual income for an elementary-level teacher is $60,660; secondary-level teachers earn, on average, $62,870.

Careers with a master’s in teaching

Academic advisor.

Academic advisors consult with students at the secondary and college level to assist in education-related decisions. Advisors help students keep track of requirements they must meet, set and assess progress toward various academic goals, and choose among future education options. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , school and career counselors earn an average annual income of $58,120. 

Corporate trainer

Corporations need teachers to train employees in new policies, processes, and technologies. Corporate trainers design and lead corporate training sessions, monitor results, and adjust learning materials and teaching strategies accordingly. According to LinkedIn, corporate trainers earn between $36,600 and $80,000 per year.

Curriculum developer

Curriculum developers apply their teaching skills to the creation and development of new curricula. They write individual lesson plans, class activities, and learning objectives and track student outcomes, adjusting instructional strategies as appropriate. Curriculum developers may also take part in training teachers to use the curricula they have developed. They typically work for school districts, and most specialize in a grade level or subject area. According to Salary.com , curriculum developers earn an average salary of $77,100; the top 10 percent earn over $93,000 annually.

Gifted and talented program director

Gifted and talented programs serve students who “​​give evidence of high achievement capability in areas such as intellectual, creative, artistic, or leadership capacity, or in specific academic fields, and who need services and activities not ordinarily provided by the school in order to fully develop those capabilities.” Gifted and talented program directors manage these programs to deliver excellent instruction, enrichment, and opportunities for students. Comparably reports that gifted and talented program coordinators earn an average salary of $70,000.

Literacy specialist

Literacy specialists work with teachers to train them in the latest advances in teaching reading, writing, and comprehension. Literacy specialists provide professional development and consultation. They travel among schools, meeting with teachers to discuss teaching strategies, assisting in creating lesson plans and assignments, watching teachers and providing feedback, and assessing data to find potential areas of improvement. According to Indeed , literacy specialists earn, on average, $62,197 annually.

Museum educator

Museums of all kinds – art, science, history, cultural, commercial, geographic – need teachers to optimize their museum experiences. Museum educators create programs utilizing museum assets so visitors can understand and learn from exhibits. They manage docents and teachers, deliver lectures and guided tours, conceive and organize events, and engage in community outreach. They often work with school groups and systems to coordinate field trips and other enrichment activities. Mint.Intuit reports that museum educators earn an annual income of $39,000, on average.

Private tutor

Private tutors work individually with students seeking assistance in one or more subjects. Many private tutors specialize in one subject; some focus primarily on a particular exam, such as the SAT or ACT. Private tutors tend to be independent contractors paid by the hour. Depending on where they live, whom they work with, and what they teach, private tutors can charge anywhere from $20 to over $200 per hour .

Standardized test developer

Creating standardized tests is a massive undertaking. Exam items must be written to exact specifications, then tested, and the results analyzed to ensure items measure what they purport to measure and that higher-achieving students are more likely to answer correctly. Tests must be balanced to cover the subject they test thoroughly and scrutinized for any unintended bias. It’s a rigorous process that requires extensive training and a background in learning theory and assessment. According to The Ladders , the average salary at Educational Testing Service (ETS), the company that develops the SAT, is $110,813.

Textbook editor

The US textbook industry generates over $8 billion in sales annually; elementary and secondary school systems purchase new textbooks regularly, ensuring steady business. Textbook editors must have excellent writing and teaching skills, obviously. They also need to know and understand the various learning standards required by each state to fashion texts that meet multiple states’ requirements. On top of all that, they must navigate the exacting and often contradictory standards of liberal and conservative states. ZipRecruiter reports that textbook editors earn, on average, $48,257 per year.

Careers with a master’s in education

Curriculum designer.

Curriculum designers create the blueprint for school curricula, which are then built by curriculum developers. The work of curriculum design focuses on the big picture, aligning content to learning objectives to ensure that they are taught thoroughly and effectively. Their jobs involve research and project management as well as creativity, and it requires a mastery of the latest educational technologies. According to ZipRecruiter , curriculum designers earn, on average, $64,457 per year. The top 10 percent earn over $105,000 annually.

Director of digital learning

Many institutions employ digital learning, including schools, corporations, government agencies, and nonprofit organizations. Whether used to teach public school curriculum, public policy, or corporate practices, digital learning technology requires management by someone well versed in education theory and the technical requirements of learning applications. According to Glassdoor , directors of digital learning earn, on average, $89,587 per year.

District administrator

School governance is divided into districts, with each district maintaining its own superintendent and administrative staff. District administrators oversee the management of all schools in their district, supervising budgets and monitoring academic performance. District administrators must see to a host of essential operations that are not strictly educational, such as building maintenance. Zippia reports that district administrators earn between $44,000 and $85,000 per year.

Guidance counselor

Guidance counselors work with students, primarily at the secondary-school level. They assist students in enrolling in classes and guide them in the college application process, assisting with standardized test enrollment and the selection of potential colleges. They can also provide therapeutic assistance, helping students bolster self-esteem, identify areas of growth and skill development, and manage challenges at home and in school. According to PayScale , school guidance counselors earn a base salary between $38,000 and $74,000.

Educational practices rest on a foundation of theory and data, all of which require research. A master of education trains you to become an expert researcher, positioning you for a career in education research. You’ll support school districts, policy analysts, policy advocates, government agencies, colleges, and universities. According to Comparably , education researchers earn between $30,400 and $45,600 per year.

School principal

A school principal is the chief executive officer of a school. They oversee the school staff, monitor education objectives and curricular standards, ensure assessment is administered regularly and effectively, approve extracurricular activities, manage the budget, arrange professional development for staff, and oversee daily operations. The Bureau of Labor Statistics indicates that school principals typically earn $98,490 annually. 

School psychologist

School psychologists work with students who have acute mental health, emotional, and behavioral issues. They typically work within a school or school district (larger schools may have their own school psychologist; smaller ones may share a psychologist with neighboring schools). Additionally, school psychologists develop policies to promote mental and emotional health and assist in supporting students with learning differences. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , school psychologists typically earn about $77,500 annually.

School superintendent

School superintendents oversee school districts, ensuring that each school in the district operates efficiently and effectively. They set and communicate policy, oversee curriculum implementation, manage instruction and assessment, supervise human resource management, and provide leadership for all schools in the district. Additionally, superintendents represent their districts at the county and state level, advocating for them when policy is formulated and budgets are determined. According to the American Association of School Administrators (AASA), school superintendents can earn a median salary between $140,172 and $180,500 per year, depending on the size of their district.

Training and development specialist

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , training and development specialists “plan and administer programs that improve the skills and knowledge of employees,” making this an excellent job for someone with an education background. Training and development specialists work in nearly every industry and field, “working with people, giving presentations, and leading training activities.” The BLS reports that these professionals earn an average annual income of $62,700.

Vice principal

A vice principal is second-in-command at a school, serving directly below the principal. A vice principal’s duties can vary depending on which tasks the principal wishes to delegate, but typically vice principals are actively involved in the day-to-day running of the school. If the principal is the school’s chief executive officer, the vice principal is its chief operating officer, enforcing rules, monitoring schedules and calendars, handling student discipline, supervising operations, and liaising between faculty and administration. According to Salary.com , vice principals earn an average annual salary of $90,381.

MAT vs. MEd: What do you learn?

Whether you earn a master of arts in teaching (MAT) or a master of education (MEd), you will likely complete a curriculum of approximately 30 credit hours. If you do not have a bachelor’s degree in education, you may be required to complete additional foundation courses.

In either master’s degree program, you’ll likely complete core course work in education theory, research, education technology, classroom management, curriculum development, and assessment and measurement. The focus of these classes may differ slightly – the teaching master’s will likely emphasize in-class applications while the education master’s will take a more academic approach – but the subject matter should be similar.

Most programs offer the opportunity to specialize in a specific subject or skill area. You will complete your graduate degree specialization by taking several elective courses in your discipline of choice and, in some programs, completing a thesis, capstone research project, or field placement/internship.

MAT vs. MED specializations

Specialization options in master’s teaching degree and education degree programs include the following.

Master of arts in teaching (MAT) specializations

Early childhood education.

A focus on early childhood education prepares teachers to instruct at the birth through grade 2 level. You’ll learn to recognize the different stages of childhood development and what interventions are appropriate for students demonstrating developmental issues.

Elementary education

An elementary education specialization provides the theory, pedagogy, and practice required to teach at the kindergarten through grade 6 level.

English as a second language (ESL)/teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL)

ESL and TESOL specializations prepare teachers to work with students whose native language is not English. Different programs use different distinctions, but ESL and TESOL are interchangeable terms. A third distinction, English as a Foreign Language (EFL), is used for teachers who plan to teach English overseas. Some programs offer ESL and TESOL as a certificate but not as a specialization track.

Language arts education

Learn to teach students to speak, read, write, and understand written and spoken English. English language arts (ELA) teachers teach grammar, spelling, phonics, reading comprehension, speaking, literature, and research skills. A language arts teaching master’s typically focuses on grades 7 through 12 content, the grades at which teachers specialize in a single subject.

Mathematics education

Mathematics encompasses everything from basic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) to geometry, algebra, and trigonometry. An MAT in mathematics education typically focuses on grades 7 through 12 content.

Middle grades education

Middle school is a period of intense social and physical development. Middle school teachers require training in the pedagogy, psychology, and physiology of students in this age group. A specialization in middle grades education prepares teachers to lead grades 6 through 8 classes.

Science education

Science at the secondary level encompasses chemistry, physics, life sciences, and earth sciences. An MAT prepares you to teach science at the middle and high school levels.

Secondary education

A master of arts in Teaching with a specialization in secondary education prepares teachers to teach at the grades 7 through 12 levels. Not all schools use this distinction, and most that do require enrollees to specialize further in a single subject, such as language arts, mathematics, or science.

Social studies education

Social studies covers a substantial range of subjects, including ancient history, US history, world history, geography, world cultures, civics, economics, and sociology. An MAT in social studies education prepares teachers to lead grades 7 through 12 classrooms in these subjects.

Special education instruction

Special education training prepares teachers to work with students demonstrating autism spectrum disorders, cognitive impairment, emotional impairment, physical impairment, or learning disabilities. Course work focuses on diagnosis, pedagogy, possible interventions, education technology, classroom management, and diversity.

Master of education (MEd) specializations

Applied human development.

Applied human development concentrations focus on the physical, psychological, and emotional development patterns young people experience. This specialization typically leads to careers in academic research, youth program management, or work with NGOs and foundations.

Curriculum design

Curriculum design is how curricula are mapped against various learning standards and compiled into yearlong sequences of objectives and corresponding lessons. A curriculum design specialization typically leads to careers in federal, state, and district-level administration, textbook publishing, or research.

Curriculum and instruction

Curriculum and instruction is a broader specialization than curriculum design. Its scope includes instructional methods, education technology, cross-disciplinary learning, and fostering collaborative classrooms. A curriculum and instruction specialization may lead to a career in front of a classroom or in school administration. 

Education administration

Running a school requires expert management skills and knowledge. An MEd in education administration prepares you for the challenges of keeping a school operational and effective. Those who pursue this specialization typically aspire to be superintendents, principals, vice principals, or administrative specialists.

Educational leadership

As its name indicates, an educational leadership specialization focuses on leadership skills within education. It’s an appropriate degree for aspiring lead teachers, department heads, school administrators, and policy experts.

Educational psychology

Educational psychology focuses on child and adolescent development, cognition, and motivation in education. Careers include non-clinical roles in education, training, and research.

Educational technology

Computing permeates nearly all aspects of modern life, including education. As more and more learning activities migrate to apps and devices, the need for educational technology experts grows ever greater. Learn education web design, e-book publishing, app management, virtual reality learning, assistive technology, and social media. Careers include instructional designer, trainer, and technology coach.

Experiential learning for early childhood

Experiential learning for early childhood explores learning theory and pedagogical design for young learners. Careers include curriculum developer, policy advocate, and program director.

Higher education administration

College and university administration presents a unique set of challenges. An MEd in higher education administration trains you for a career in the front offices of a higher education institution. You’ll learn to anticipate developing problems, design and implement student support programs, and maintain the smooth operation of a large and complex institution. 

Instructional design and technology

Apply learning theory to the creation and implementation of learning materials, with a particular focus on technology-driven education. You’ll study learning theory and how to apply it to develop interactive tools that promote learning. This degree can lead to careers in public and private school systems, curriculum development and instructional design firms, and corporate training.

Global and comparative education

Teaching techniques and learning theories vary around the world. Global and comparative education specialists study these different approaches to determine whether they are effective and can be applied or adapted in American classrooms. This degree typically leads to careers in policy and academics.

Measurement and evaluation

Academic testing is a massive industry in the United States and around the world. MEd in measurement and evaluation specialists learn the science behind accurate and effective testing as well as the essential validation processes employed to ensure test validity. Graduates typically pursue careers in school administration, research, testing organizations and companies, or private business (companies also like to test their employees’ aptitude and skills).

School counseling

School counselors work one-on-one with students to promote personal, academic, and career development. Counselors assist students in managing institutional obstacles, coping with trauma and other challenges, and plotting their academic trajectory and college choices. Most counselors work within school systems, although some operate independently.

Master’s in teaching: curriculum 

The MAT degree is a graduate-level teaching credential focused on both theory and practical skills required to lead a classroom. MAT programs typically cover learning theory, curriculum design and development, classroom management, assessment and measurement methodology, and cultural and societal factors impacting student performance and achievement. Prospective teachers in these advanced degree programs typically specialize. If they seek to teach at the middle or high school level, they often specialize in the subject they plan to teach.

Residents in the NYU Teacher Residency program earn an online master of arts in teaching while completing a teaching residency, which is a form of apprenticeship. The program is designed for teacher candidates who aspire to develop a practice that is culturally responsive and equitable. It allows them to accrue the requisite classroom experience and training necessary to lead a classroom upon completion of their degree (which takes a little over one year).

The academic portion of the NYU Teacher Residency consists of 10 to 12 modules, commencing in the summer preceding your apprenticeship and concluding at the end of the following summer. The Secondary MAT is a 10-module, 30-credit master of arts in teaching (Grades 7-12) and the new Inclusive Childhood MAT is a 12-module, 35-credit master of arts in teaching (dual degree in Childhood Education and Childhood Special Education, Grades 1-6). Early modules focus on understanding the roles and identities of teachers and students and how they impact classroom dynamics. Prospective teachers also learn the importance of engaging parents and community in education, how to recognize their own blind spots concerning diversity and inclusion issues, and the importance of creating an environment of mutual respect.

Residents then concentrate on promoting student success and managing the classroom to optimize participation and learning. For the master of arts in teaching in Secondary Education, residents begin work in their content area, developing unique approaches and techniques to teach their chosen subject or skill area (e.g., special education). They also study curriculum planning and development, including methods for tailoring instruction to students’ individual needs and integrating their subject with content taught elsewhere in the curriculum. They learn to utilize tests, assignments, projects, and other assessments to measure progress and identify areas requiring further instruction and practice.

Later modules focus on teaching reading and writing in the context of other subjects, special education and disability education, low-incidence disabilities, and the professional and social responsibilities of teaching. Master’s students also engage in a participatory action research (PAR) project, a “collaborative process of inquiry and action for change in response to organizational or community problems.”

While earning their master’s degrees in the evening, residents complete a teaching residency under the supervision of an experienced teacher. Working alongside a mentor for a full school year, residents accumulate the experience and knowledge they’ll need to ultimately lead a classroom of their own. Full-time residents receive a stipend and tuition support in return for their work. 

Master’s in education: curriculum 

A master of education (sometimes called a master of science in education or a master of arts in education) covers a broader range of practices than a master of arts in teaching. The latter concentrates almost exclusively on classroom leadership. The master’s of education, in contrast, can explore everything from curriculum development to policy leadership roles to educational administration. Accordingly, curricula for MEd programs vary significantly, not only from school to school but also from one specialization to another. To get some idea of what you’ll study in an MEd curriculum, review the MEd specializations listed earlier in this article.

Why get an MAT from the NYU Teacher Residency Program?

Why launch your teaching career through the NYU Teacher Residency Program? If you have a bachelor’s degree in English, mathematics, social science, or natural science and you have a passion to teach, the residency program offers a fast and effective way to earn your master’s degree and licensure in a relatively short time. As you complete your degree and your residency, you’ll benefit from expert mentoring, coaching, and advising, and you’ll enjoy moral support from your site supervisors, program instructors, and peers. You will learn and develop in a safe, nurturing environment.

The NYU Teacher Residency curriculum focuses on state-of-the-art pedagogy alongside a commitment to social equity and restorative justice. You’ll work in an urban, high-needs school helping students who are traditionally underserved. You’ll also take part in a program that works to redress the demographic imbalance in teaching. In a profession in which only 20 percent of teachers are people of color, the NYU teacher residency has enrolled at least 60 percent of teachers of color each year. Your students will include emergent bilinguals and students with learning and physical disabilities, providing you with experience in teaching students of all backgrounds and abilities.

To be eligible , you’ll need a bachelor’s degree in English, mathematics, science, or social science (elementary-level residencies are available at select sites). Your application must include:

• A request form for an official transcript
• An unofficial undergraduate transcript
• Two letters of recommendation
• A 90-second video introduction
• English proficiency exams (if your native language is not English)

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How to Become a Teacher: Teacher Certification vs. Master’s Degree

Steps to earning a teaching position.

Teachers have the important job of educating young minds for the future. There are many paths to becoming a teacher, including routes for those who did not study education in college. Whether you’re completely new to the field, have a bachelor’s degree in another field, are re-entering the teaching industry, or are a new college graduate, there is a path for you to become a teacher!

Teaching license requirements vary from state to state. 1  However, it’s important to note that most teaching positions within the United States require the following:

How long does it take to become a teacher?

1. I don’t have a degree  – If you don’t have a degree, the first step would be acquiring a bachelor’s degree. It is recommended to earn your degree in the field of education, as many education programs include the licensing component within the degree program. 

Depending on your desired teaching specialty, you may need a degree with an emphasis on a specific discipline, such as science or math. If seeking an education program online, it is extremely important to research which schools have programs that lead to licensure in your state. Not all programs lead to licensure, and not all states have reciprocity agreements with other states or universities.

2.   I have a degree in an unrelated field  – If you already have a bachelor’s degree in another field, it is possible to take a teacher preparation program at an accredited college or university. It may also be worthwhile to supplement the bachelor’s degree with a  master’s in teaching program  — especially if you live in one of the states that require an education master’s degree after a certain period of time in the field anyways.

3. I have a degree in education but no teaching license –  The great news is that by having a degree in education, you are already a few steps into the process. Here are the next steps:

• Complete a teacher preparation program
• Get practical teaching experience through field experience or student teaching
• Apply for state licensure

Be sure to check for specific state requirements on an additional master’s degree is required to remain licensed.

4. I want to work in education outside the US and have an unrelated degree:  If you want to  teach and travel , the great news is you won’t have many requirements for licensure or certification exams. Countries like South Korea, Japan, Thailand, China, Saudi Arabia, and more offer teaching positions from US teachers. While it is not mandatory to have a TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) certification to find a  teaching job overseas , schools may ask for it. For a small fee, TEFL certification courses can often be completed online. From there, you’ll be ready to start applying for jobs.

5. I want to work in education but I’m not sure I want to commit to being a teacher or getting licensed yet:  There are a variety of other positions available to people interested in teaching, but not quite ready to take the plunge. Alternative options include becoming a teacher’s aide, substitute teacher, or volunteer teacher at charities and organizations.

What Is A Teaching Certificate vs. A Teacher Certification?

While the terms teaching certificate and teacher certification are often used interchangeably, they mean two different things. A teacher certification is a license, which is mandatory for teaching in public schools and some private schools.

A teaching certificate is a certificate provided to aspiring teachers for completing an academic program related to teaching. To become certified, applicants must have a bachelor’s degree, complete a recognized and accredited teacher training program, and pass a state exam.

There are also alternative certification options for future teachers who have a degree in the subject they wish to teach but lack formal licensure. To become licensed, students are asked to take an additional 1-2 years of coursework in teaching in an accredited program paired with 1-2 years of classroom teaching experience under a temporary license. State regulations vary, but some allow aspiring teachers to complete only 1-2 years of graduate level study in education to qualify for teaching licensure.

Teaching Certificate Specializations

For teachers who have a bachelor’s degree, it is possible to earn a certificate to specialize in a certain area of teaching. Some options include:

• Elementary and Middle School Education
• Secondary Education- with subject endorsement
• Nationally Recognized Teacher Certification/Board Certification
• Special Needs Education

What is a Bachelor’s in Education Degree?

A bachelor’s degree in education program is a four-year program at an accredited university or college. A bachelor’s degree can be in any subject, but it is highly encouraged that students who want to become teachers aim for a bachelor’s degree in education. Teachers with a bachelor’s degree make an average of $59,140-$62,870 per year.

Bachelor’s in Education Career Paths

• Median Salary: $61,500 
• Career Outlook: +8% (2020-2030)

Teachers specializing in special education work with students with hearing, visual, physical, or learning impairments and need specialized care.

• Median Salary: $59,140 
• Career Outlook: +2% (2020-2030)

Career and technical education teachers are primarily focused on assisting students in developing trade skills. They teach a variety of subjects including but not limited to graphic design, auto mechanics, landscaping, 3D printing, blueprint development, computer-aided design (CAD), and more.

• Median Salary: $60,660, $60,810, $62,870 
• Career Outlook: +4% (2020-2030)

Elementary, middle, and high school teachers aid in the development of students in different age groups. Teachers will support and inspire students, monitor progress, offer educational guidance, lesson plan, deliver lectures, lead class discussions, and grade assignments.

 Source: BLS

What is a Master’s in Education Degree?

There are three states that now require teachers to obtain a master’s degree in their field of speciality within 5-7 years of certification: New York, Connecticut, and Maryland. The master’s degree typically comes with higher pay benefits. According to the data, a teacher with a master’s degree can expect to earn an average of  $2,760 more in the first year following obtaining the degree and up to  $7,358 more per year at the height of their career. 2  On average, teachers with a master’s degree earn $52,750-$61,015 per year.

Master’s in Education Career Paths

• Median Salary: $98,490 

Principals are tasked with overseeing the administrative responsibilities of a school. They evaluate teacher performance on a consistent basis and oversee all operations.

• Median Salary: $66,970 
• Career Outlook: +10% (2020-2030)

Instructional coordinators work in a variety of educational environments and analyze and assess the effectiveness of school curriculum and standards.

• Median Salary: $58,120 
• Career Outlook: +11% (2020-2030)

School counselors play an important role in making sure students are mentally and academically prepared for the school environment. They ensure students reach certain benchmarks to move onto the next level. Career counselors are primarily tasked with aiding working professionals or college students with developing career skills and/or finding meaningful work.

Becoming a Teacher FAQ

• This can vary depending on the requirements per state. At a minimum, teachers are required to possess a four-year, regionally accredited bachelor’s degree in education. For teachers interested in teaching high school, they are often required to choose a subject specialty. Teachers should also gain licensing, pass a background check, and complete a one to two-year supervised student teaching stint. As a conservative estimate, the process can take 4-7 years.
• Teachers new to the industry can expect to be paid around $40,000 per year. The average salary for teachers in the United States is $60,477 per year.
• Job prospects for teachers for grades K-12 are expected to grow as fast as average at 4%. However, post-secondary teachers have an expected job growth above average at 9%.
• It is possible, but there are a series of requirements that must be met, including having an accredited bachelor’s degree. Non-native English speakers will be required to take a teaching exam in the state they are interested in teaching in, so good English language reading and speaking ability is a must.  Potential teachers must notify the US embassy in the country of their intention and apply for a temporary or permanent visa for work purposes.
• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and-library/postsecondary-teachers.htm
• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and-library/kindergarten-and-elementary-school-teachers.htm
• https://www.nctq.org/blog/How-do-school-districts-compensate-teachers-for-advanced-degrees
• https://teach.com/careers/become-a-teacher/teaching-credential/state-requirements/
• https://www.teachaway.com/blog/become-us-teacher-online-certification#:~:text=Hold%20a%20bachelor’s%20degree%20in,a%20clinical%20placement%2Ffield%20experience.
• https://zety.com/blog/how-to-become-a-teacher
• https://www.learnhowtobecome.org/teacher/
• https://www.teachercertificationdegrees.com/become/
• https://www.alleducationschools.com/teaching-careers/elementary-school-teacher/
• https://www.pointloma.edu/resources/education/how-much-can-masters-degree-increase-teachers-salary-0#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20Bureau%20of,%2459%2C420%2C%20with%20a%20bachelor’s%20degree

Your Guide To Earning A Master’s In Higher Education

Updated: Oct 26, 2023, 11:13am

Many challenges face higher education in the U.S. today, including declining enrollment, rising costs and changing cultural views on college (to name a few). To succeed in an increasingly competitive environment, postsecondary institutions look for employees with higher education expertise.

A master’s degree in higher education prepares graduates for the complex, ever-evolving world of higher ed. Programs in this field can qualify learners for roles related to student safety, budget management, equity and diversity initiatives, academic program development and student advising.

Learn more about earning a master’s in higher education below.

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What Is a Master’s in Higher Education?

A master’s in higher education is an advanced degree focusing on college and university education environments. It prepares students for careers in leadership and administrative positions within higher ed, including roles like admissions officer, academic advisor, assistant registrar, career services director and alumni relations manager.

Graduates can also take this degree outside of higher education to work for nonprofits, professional associations or private testing centers.

Degree Specifications

Higher education master’s programs typically require 30 to 36 credits. Students can enroll full or part time, with many learners completing their degree in two years of full-time study. Programs may follow on-campus, online and hybrid formats. Some schools offer curricular concentrations like administration or adult learning; others let students create a flexible plan of study to meet their career goals.

What Will You Learn?

Classes cover topics like the history of education, research methods, college administration organization and student advising techniques. In addition to coursework, master’s in higher ed programs often feature a supervised internship or practicum in a professional setting. Some programs require students to complete a capstone portfolio project to synthesize their knowledge and demonstrate their skills.

Master’s in Higher Education vs. Master’s in Teaching

A master’s in higher education is different from a master’s in teaching, which focuses specifically on teaching and classroom management, usually in primary and secondary education settings.

Admission Requirements for a Higher Education Master’s Degree

Admission requirements vary by program. Common stipulations and application materials include:

• Minimum GPA and transcripts: Candidates must usually send official transcripts from every postsecondary institution they attended. Many programs require applicants to have an undergraduate GPA of 3.0 or higher.
• Writing sample: Applicants may need to submit a writing sample that verifies their research and writing skills.
• Statement of purpose: Schools often ask prospective students to submit an essay explaining their interest in the program, what makes them a strong candidate for admission or how the degree can help them achieve their career goals.
• Letters of recommendation: Programs usually require two to three letters of recommendation from references, including professors and work supervisors. Selection committees look for letters attesting to candidates’ ability to work with students or in professional settings. Schools often consider references from friends or relatives inappropriate.
• Admissions interview: Some programs require applicants to sit for a one-on-one interview with a program representative or university official.

Common Courses in a Higher Education Master’s Degree Program

• Research and data-based decision-making: This introductory educational research course focuses on qualitative and quantitative research methods. Students learn to implement research and apply it to their practice. The course prepares learners for further study of research methods.
• Counseling theory and techniques: This course explores the school counseling profession, including its social and cultural history. Coursework focuses on foundational counseling theories, skills and techniques. Other topics include research method applications and college program evaluation.
• Ethics and leadership in higher education: This course educates students about decision-making in higher education. Learners explore issues administrators must confront as they create ethical cultures within their organizations. Topics include issues like racial and gender inequity.
• Applied psychology of learning: This course combines research and theory to explore how students learn. Coursework examines subjects like cognitive development and learning environments. Enrollees learn about accommodating students’ diverse needs.
• Advising and supervision: This course teaches best practices for student advising and supervision. Learners may be able to pair this course with an internship for hands-on experience in a classroom.

What Can You Do With a Master’s in Higher Education?

We sourced salary data for this section from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Payscale in October 2023.

Postsecondary Education Administrator

Median Annual Salary: $99,940 Minimum Required Education: Master’s in education leadership or a related field Job Overview: Postsecondary education administrators oversee academics, student services and faculty research at colleges and universities. They work as provosts and academic deans. They can find employment in offices that specialize in areas like multicultural affairs, housing and residential affairs.

Career Counselor

Median Annual Salary: $60,140 Minimum Required Education: Master’s degree Job Overview: Career counselors use aptitude and achievement assessments to help people evaluate their skills and abilities, understand job requirements and develop plans to achieve career goals. They teach people skills like interviewing and networking. They work as career coaches for currently employed workers and as college advisors to help students choose majors and determine career choices.

Instructional Coordinator

Median Annual Salary: $66,490 Minimum Required Education: Master’s degree Job Overview: Instructional coordinators supervise teaching standards and school curricula. They create educational materials and implement them with teachers and principals. These professionals may also analyze student test data and recommend targeted teaching practices. Instructional coordinators work in primary and secondary schools as well as institutions of higher learning.

Director of Admissions

Average Annual Salary : About $64,000 Minimum Required Education: Bachelor’s degree Job Overview: Admissions directors work with higher education institutions to evaluate prospective student applications. They manage student recruitment efforts, attend recruiting events, review candidate applications and communicate with students.

Median Annual Salary: $61,190 Minimum Required Education: Master’s in library science or a related field Job Overview: Librarians help people find information and conduct research. Tasks they perform include creating databases, organizing library materials and teaching classes. These professionals can work in various roles: academic librarian, administrative services librarian, public librarian, corporate librarian, law librarian and medical librarian.

School Principal

Median Annual Salary: $101,320 Minimum Required Education: Master’s degree in educational administration or a related field Job Overview: Principals oversee operations of elementary, middle and high schools. They manage school activities and staff. These professionals may also help develop and maintain curriculum standards. In addition to counseling and disciplining students, principals observe and evaluate teachers.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Master’s Degrees in Higher Education

Is it worth getting a master’s in higher education.

Whether a master’s in higher education is worth it depends on your career goals. Earning this degree can qualify you for an array of roles that offer higher-than-average salaries, including postsecondary education administrator and instructional coordinator.

Is a master’s in education the same as a master’s in teaching?

No, though the two degrees are similar. A master’s in teaching focuses on classroom management and teaching in primary and secondary classroom contexts. A master’s in education usually has a broader focus, exploring topics like administration, policy and curriculum development.

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Table of Contents

Types of bachelor’s degrees, types of master’s degrees, admissions requirements, what can you do with a bachelor’s degree, what can you do with a master’s degree, do you need a bachelor’s to get a master’s degree, the bottom line, what is better a master’s or a bachelor’s degree, is a bachelor’s degree 4 years, what level is a bachelor’s degree, is a bs equal to a master’s degree, why is it called a master’s degree, how many years is a master’s degree, is a master’s harder than a bachelor’s, what is higher than a master’s degree.

Education plays a vital role in shaping our future and career prospects. When considering higher education, it is essential to understand the differences between a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree . Each level of education offers unique opportunities and advantages. This blog post will explore what sets these degrees apart and help you decide about your educational journey.

What Is a Bachelor’s Degree?

A bachelor’s degree is an undergraduate academic degree granted by colleges and universities upon completing a specific program of study. It is the first level of higher education and provides students with a comprehensive understanding of a particular field. During this time, students engage in various courses, including general education requirements, foundational courses, and electives specific to their chosen major. A bachelor’s degree aims to provide students with a well-rounded education and the fundamental knowledge and skills necessary to pursue a career in their field of study or continue their education at the graduate level .

Various types of bachelor’s degrees are available, allowing students to specialize in different fields of study. Some common types include:

• Bachelor of Arts (B.A.): Focuses on humanities and social sciences disciplines such as English, History, Sociology, or Psychology.
• Bachelor of Science (B.S.): Emphasizes scientific and technical subjects such as Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Computer Science, or Engineering.
• Bachelor of Fine Arts (B.F.A.): Specializes in creative arts fields like Fine Arts, Dance, Theatre, or Music.
• Bachelor of Business Administration (B.B.A.): Provides a foundation in business principles and prepares students for careers in business-related disciplines.
• Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.): Designed for aspiring teachers, focusing on educational theory, classroom management, and teaching methodologies.
• Bachelor of Nursing (B.N.): Prepares individuals for careers in nursing, providing the necessary knowledge and skills for patient care and healthcare management.

What Is a Master’s Degree?

A master’s degree is an advanced academic degree that individuals can pursue after completing a bachelor’s degree. It is a postgraduate program that allows students to specialize in a specific field or subject area. Obtaining a master’s degree enhances one’s knowledge and skills and opens up greater career opportunities and possibilities for advancement in the chosen field.

Master’s degree programs provide in-depth knowledge, advanced skills, and specialized expertise in a particular discipline. During a master’s program, students engage in advanced coursework, research, and practical training. The culmination of a master’s degree often involves a thesis, research project, or comprehensive examination.

There are various types of master’s degrees available across different fields of study. Some common types include:

• Master of Arts (M.A.): Emphasizes humanities and social sciences disciplines such as English, History, Psychology, or Sociology.
• Master of Science (M.S.): Focuses on scientific and technical subjects such as Mathematics, Computer Science, Engineering, or Environmental Science.
• Master of Business Administration (MBA): Provides advanced business knowledge and skills in management, finance, marketing, and entrepreneurship.
• Master of Education (M.Ed.): Designed for educators seeking advanced knowledge and skills in educational theory, curriculum development, or instructional leadership.
• Master of Fine Arts (MFA): Specializes in creative arts fields like Visual Arts, Creative Writing, Theatre, or Music.
• Master of Public Health (MPH): Concentrates on public health policies, epidemiology, biostatistics, and community health promotion.
• Master of Social Work (MSW): Prepares individuals for professional practice in social work, focusing on areas like clinical social work, community development, or policy advocacy.

Bachelor’s vs. Master’s Degree: Differences

When comparing bachelor’s and master’s degrees, several key differences exist, including admissions requirements , curriculum, cost, and time commitment.

• Bachelor’s degree: A high school diploma or equivalent is typically required for admission into a bachelor’s degree program.
• Master’s degree: Generally, a bachelor’s degree in a relevant field is required for admission into a master’s degree program. Additional prerequisites, such as standardized test scores (e.g., GRE) and work experience, may also be necessary, depending on the program.
• Bachelor’s degree: Bachelor’s degree programs provide a broad education, including general education courses, foundational courses, and electives in the chosen field. The curriculum aims to provide a well-rounded understanding of the subject area.
• Master’s degree: Master’s degree programs focus on advanced coursework and specialized knowledge within a specific field. The curriculum is more in-depth and may involve research, practical applications, and completing a thesis or final project.
• Bachelor’s degree: Generally, a bachelor’s degree costs less than a master’s degree. Tuition fees vary depending on the institution, program, and location, but bachelor’s degree programs are generally more affordable.
• Master’s degree: Master’s degree programs often come with a higher price tag. The cost of tuition for a master’s degree can be significantly higher than that of a bachelor’s degree. However, financial aid, scholarships, and assistantships may be available to help offset the cost.
• Bachelor’s degree: A bachelor’s degree usually takes four years of full-time study. The duration can vary based on factors such as the chosen program, the number of credits required, and whether the student takes courses part-time or accelerated.
• Master’s degree: The duration of a Master’s degree can vary depending on the program, the student’s course load, and whether additional requirements, such as internships or research projects, are included. These programs typically require one to two years of full-time study.

With a bachelor’s degree, you can open up various career opportunities across multiple industries. The knowledge and skills acquired during your undergraduate studies provide a solid foundation for entry-level positions and professional growth. The specific career paths available depend on your field of study.

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Field Of Study BA in Business Administration BA in Economics & Finance BA in Political Science & International Relations BS in Information Technology BS in Software Engineering MBA MSc in Big Data Analytics MSc in Cyber Security MSc in Artificial Intelligence Engineering MSc in Cloud Computing Engineering MSc in Software Engineering Dual Master Program in MBA & Big Data Analytics Intensive English Program (Mentora ESL)

Bachelor’s degree holders can pursue roles such as marketing coordinators, human resources assistants, financial analysts, sales representatives, teachers, instructional coordinators, healthcare professionals like registered nurses or medical technologists, software developers, data analysts, and more. A bachelor’s degree equips you with subject-specific expertise and enhances critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills, making you a valuable asset to employers in today’s competitive job market.

A master’s degree opens up advanced career opportunities and positions of higher responsibility within various industries. With a master’s degree, individuals gain specialized knowledge and skills that set them apart in the job market. Career options expand to include roles such as marketing managers, financial managers, management consultants, school principals, curriculum specialists, college professors, nurse practitioners, healthcare managers, data scientists, cybersecurity analysts , and more.

A master’s degree signifies expertise and advanced understanding in a specific field, making graduates attractive to employers seeking specialized knowledge and leadership potential. A master’s degree can also serve as a stepping stone to further academic pursuits at the doctoral level for those interested in research and academia.

Yes, in most cases, a bachelor’s degree is a prerequisite for pursuing a master’s degree. The bachelor’s degree provides the necessary academic background and preparation for the more advanced coursework and specialized study that is undertaken at the master’s level. A master’s program typically builds upon the foundational knowledge and skills acquired during undergraduate studies.

However, it’s important to note that there may be exceptions and alternative pathways, such as combined bachelor’s-master’s programs or professional master’s programs that accept candidates with extensive work experience without a bachelor’s degree.

In conclusion, understanding the differences between a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree is essential when considering your educational and career goals. A bachelor’s degree is a foundational undergraduate degree that provides a broad understanding of a field, while a master’s degree offers specialized knowledge and expertise within a specific discipline. The admissions requirements, curriculum, cost, and time commitment vary between degrees. Ultimately, the choice between a bachelor’s and a master’s degree depends on your aspirations, professional goals, and the level of specialization you wish to achieve in your chosen field.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Both a master’s and a bachelor’s degree have their own advantages. A bachelor’s degree is usually a prerequisite for many jobs, while a master’s degree can provide more specialized skills and may lead to higher-paying positions.

In most cases, a bachelor’s degree program lasts for four years, assuming that the student is enrolled full-time and completes all of the required courses within the program. This four-year duration is based on a standard academic year that is divided into two semesters, with each semester spanning about 15 weeks.

A bachelor’s degree is considered an undergraduate academic degree and is usually awarded after the completion of a 4-year college or university program.

No, a Bachelor’s degree (BS) is not equal to a Master’s degree. A Master’s degree requires additional coursework and a higher level of academic achievement beyond a Bachelor’s degree.

It is called a master’s degree as it is an advanced degree that represents a mastery or high-level of knowledge in a particular field of study.

Typically, a master’s degree takes about two years to complete after earning a bachelor’s degree. However, the duration depends on the program and the country.

Yes, a master’s degree is generally considered to be more challenging and requires a higher level of academic performance than a bachelor’s degree.

Once you obtain a Master’s degree, pursuing a PhD is the next logical step. A PhD, which stands for “Doctor of Philosophy,” is the most prestigious academic degree. It is a demanding and time-consuming undertaking that necessitates extensive research and study.

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What is the Difference Between Bachelor’s and Master’s Degrees?

Know before you read At SNHU, we want to make sure you have the information you need to make decisions about your education and your future—no matter where you choose to go to school. That's why our informational articles may reference careers for which we do not offer academic programs, along with salary data for those careers. Cited projections do not guarantee actual salary or job growth.

Bachelor’s degree and master’s degree programs differ in the number of credit hours required and their depth of content focus. Before pursuing a master's degree, you must complete your bachelor's degree.

During your bachelor's degree program, which is typically four years , you take general education courses and several courses aligned directly to your major. In your master's degree program, you focus entirely on one area of study.

What Are the 2 Types of Degrees, Exactly?

Understanding the differences between a  bachelor's degree  and a  master's degree  gives you an idea of how graduate programs build upon undergraduate study. It can also give you a sense of how long it might take you to finish each program and how each might fit into your long-term academic and career goals.

Bachelor’s Degree

A bachelor’s degree is the second level of  undergraduate higher education ; an  associate degree  is first, but you don't need to get your associate to pursue a bachelor's.

Most bachelor’s degree programs require you to complete 120 credit hours or the equivalent of 40 classes.

Some of the most common  types of bachelor’s degrees  are the Bachelor of Arts (BA) and Bachelor of Science (BS).

Generally, the difference between BA and BS is that a BA focuses on humanities while a BS emphasizes science and math — although there is so much more to both. 

Within the different types of degrees, you can select an area to focus in on and become your major. For instance, if you're a nurse, earning a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) can provide you an opportunity to progress in your field.

Take  Danielle Jernigan '23  for example — a nurse living in New York City who opted to earn her BSN online at SNHU.

"As a nurse, most employers prefer to hire BSNs, especially the city hospitals," Jernigan said.

A 2022 survey by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing ( AACN ) found that 71.7% of employers placed a strong preference on BSN-prepared nurses.

It's not just the nursing field that's placing an emphasis on bachelor's degrees. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics ( BLS ) reported that bachelor's degrees were the typical entry-level education for nearly a quarter of all occupations in 2022. BLS projects it will only increase through 2032.*

Master’s Degree

Once you’ve completed your bachelor’s degree, you're eligible to enroll in a master’s degree program to earn what is referred to as a graduate degree. The top reasons people choose to pursue a master’s degree include a desire for higher earnings, a career change or to follow a passion, according to the Harvard Business Review ( HBR ).

Unlike a bachelor’s degree, a master’s degree narrows your focus to one particular area of study.

Typical master’s degrees include:

• Master of Arts (MA)
• Master of Business Administration (MBA)
• Master of Education (MEd)
• Master of Science (MS)

Some graduate schools also offer a Master of Fine Arts (MFA), a  terminal degree  for those wishing to teach writing, studio art or other fine arts. (Note: SNHU currently only offers an MFA in Creative Writing.)

If you're wondering  how long it takes to get a master's degree , they are often shorter than a bachelor’s degree but tighter in focus. A master’s degree requires you to complete anywhere from 33 to 60 credits. 

These programs require 36 credits at SNHU:

• MA in Communication
• MA in English
• MS in Finance
• MS in Psychology

How many credits to graduate college  depends on a student's academic background. If you earned undergraduate credits in business, for instance, it might be able to earn an MBA in just one year — or 30 credits. you might be able to earn your Master of Business Administration in 30 credits

According to the  U.S. Census Bureau , about 14% of U.S. adults over 25 held an advanced degree, such as a master's or doctorate, in 2022.

Find Your Program

Is it really worth getting a master's degree.

When  Christopher McGinnis '23G  started his master's degree at SNHU, he had already applied to several promotions within his organization.

He decided to earn a master's in organizational leadership online after seeing his wife successfully navigate her master's program, work and personal life. Through his courses, he said he developed his leadership and communication skills and prepare to be a leader in change management. 

"Going after my master's helped me even before I had completed the program," he said.

Is a Master's Bigger Than a Bachelor's Degree?

While a master's degree is typically completed in a shorter period of time than a bachelor's degree, its content is intended to challenge students in a different way. There's a greater focus on scholarly evidence in master's programs, according to  Dr. Kimberly Gibbons , DNP, RN, CNM(ret), CNL, CNE , a graduate nursing clinical faculty member and team lead at SNHU.

"At the bachelor's level of education, the challenge academically is to understand and begin to apply the information that is part of that professional role or area of academics," she said.

For example, Gibbons said that a BSN education introduces nursing students to evidence-based knowledge related to healthcare. At the master's level, nursing students will be challenged to analyze contributions to their field and determine what they can do to improve it, she said.

Although the material is likely to feel more complex in a master's program, you'll be able to access support in a way that's similar to a traditional setting.

"Just as we maintain connections in our personal lives by using the technology at our fingertips, we can choose to connect with both faculty and classmates by using technology," Gibbons said. "Reach out to the instructor. Reach out to (your) advisor. Reach out to classmates past and present."

Read more from Gibbons about  what it's like to be a graduate student .

So, Is It Better to Have a Bachelor’s Degree or a Master’s Degree?

Whether or not you should pursue a master’s degree after you earn your undergraduate degree is a personal choice. According to Gibbons, you might seek a master's degree for reasons related to:

• Intellectual curiosity
• Job security*
• Personal achievement
• Professional advancement
• Salary potential*

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the median weekly earnings of someone holding a master’s degree in 2023 was  $1,737 .* In comparison, this is more than 16% higher than the $1,493 average median weekly salary earned by those with a bachelor's degree in 2023, according to BLS.*

It’s important to understand that your earnings will vary widely depending on what occupation you enter.

For example, instructional coordinators typically need a master's degree, according to BLS, and these professionals earned a median salary of  $74,620  in 2023.* But to become a software engineer or developer, BLS said you'll likely only need a bachelor's degree, and the median salary for software developers was  $132,270  in 2023.*

Keep in mind some professions may require you to have a master’s degree, and be sure to explore the job requirements for whichever role you plan to pursue.

"Research is going to be your best friend," MacBride said. "Once you have identified potential career paths, identify and network with professionals in those roles. Learning the expectations and necessary skills and education from someone working in your targeted position or industry is hugely valuable."

Is It Worth Getting a Master's Degree Right After a Bachelor's?

The good news is that you can start a master’s degree any time after you earn your bachelor’s degree, whether you decide to take a few months off or begin classes again more than a decade later.

"Your career is dynamic and there isn’t one right way to approach your planning," MacBride said. "In some cases, you might earn bachelor’s degree, start working and then learn there are ways to further your career if you also pursue a master’s degree."

You can also use your status as a student to your advantage if you're searching for a job in your field or a new position. "Never undersell your passion and knowledge," MacBride said. You might add a "Relevant Coursework" or "Academic Projects" section to your resume and answer interview questions with examples from a relevant assignment you did for class, she noted.

"Whether or not a student is deciding on a degree at the bachelor’s or master’s level, it is most important they pursue a degree aligned with their interests, passions and values," MacBride said. "Ideally, a student should be able to articulate an answer to the question: What is this degree going to do for me?"

A degree can change your life. Find the SNHU online program  that can best help you meet your goals.

*Cited job growth projections may not reflect local and/or short-term economic or job conditions and do not guarantee actual job growth. Actual salaries and/or earning potential may be the result of a combination of factors including, but not limited to: years of experience, industry of employment, geographic location, and worker skill.

Krysten Godfrey Maddocks ’11G is a writer who covers K-12 and higher education topics, including policy and the role of digital technology in education. She spent almost a decade working in various marketing roles at an educational assessment company before launching a strategic marketing company. Maddocks earned a master's degree in marketing from Southern New Hampshire University and a bachelor's degree in English/ journalism from the University of New Hampshire. Connect with her on LinkedIn .

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Home  /  News  /  Master’s Vs. Bachelor’s Degree: What’s The Difference?

Master’s Vs. Bachelor’s Degree: What’s The Difference?

Higher education has the power to transform your life, but understanding the different types of degrees can be confusing. To help, let’s break down exactly what master’s vs bachelor’s degrees are.

When you go to a university, you can earn an undergraduate degree called a baccalaureate or a graduate degree called a master’s. The exact degrees offered vary from school to school, but there are some important differences between bachelor’s degrees and master’s degrees that you should understand before you begin applying to colleges and universities.

What Is A Bachelor’s Degree?

What is a master’s degree, the difference between undergraduate and graduate degrees, bachelor’s vs. master’s: which one is right for you.

Explore  environmental baccalaureate and master’s degree programs .

A bachelor’s degree is an undergraduate degree typically earned after the completion of high school or GED. Most bachelor’s degree programs are four-year programs that include general education courses as well as specialized courses in a chosen academic major. Baccalaureate degrees are the foundational level of higher education. They equip students with the essential knowledge and skills needed to start a career in a particular field or further their studies by earning a graduate degree.

There are three main types of baccalaureate degrees:

• Bachelor of Arts (BA)
• Bachelor of Science (BS)
• Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA)

How Long Does It Take To Get A Bachelor’s Degree?

Most bachelor’s degree programs take four years to complete. However, that is based on a full-time course load of at least 15 credits per semester. If you are working while in school, this could be difficult to maintain. At some schools, the average student takes five years to finish a baccalaureate program, and you can take longer if needed. A student attending college part-time may take six to eight years to complete their degree. 

For those unsure if a baccalaureate degree is the right choice for them due to the traditional timeline, at Unity Environmental University, our model is run on 5-week terms, not semesters. Terms allow students to get through the program much faster, and you can decide to take a break and continue at your own pace, allowing for more flexibility. Another shorter degree option is starting with pursuing an  associate degree , which takes  two years to complete on average before starting a career .

Do I need a bachelor’s to get a master’s? Yes, you do!  Luckily, you can  earn a degree online  on your own schedule with flexible start dates and rolling admissions.

A master’s degree is an advanced level of postgraduate study that allows students to specialize further in a specific field of study or professional practice. A master’s degree may be needed for career advancement depending on your field and position. Certain roles may require a very specialized education. A master’s degree or Ph.D. is also required for jobs doing academic research or teaching at the college level.

There are many types of master’s degrees including but not limited to:

• Master of Arts (MA)
• Master of Science (MS)
• Master of Business Administration (MBA)
• Master of Social Work (MSW) 
• Master of Fine Arts (MFA)

It’s common for people to want to study something different than they are studying in undergrad. Maybe you were young and studying what your parents wanted you to, or maybe your interests changed. This leads many college graduates to wonder, can I get a master’s degree in another field? And the answer is yes, you can! You may need to take some prerequisite courses in your new area of study, but policies vary by institution and program.

How Long Does It Take To Get A Master’s Degree?

The timeframe for completing a master’s degree is usually one to two years. However, like with baccalaureate degrees, you may need longer to complete your degree if you are only studying part-time. Some graduate students may conduct longer thesis research or fieldwork and need additional time after completing their core coursework before they graduate.

At Unity Environmental University, our Master’s programs work on 8-week terms, allowing flexible starts and breaks. If you are already a Unity baccalaureate student and are applying to one of our Master’s programs, we provide individualized coaching and advising through the application and enrollment process to provide you an easy transition..

Can You Get A Masters Without A Bachelor’s?

It is not possible to earn a master’s degree from an accredited university in the US without first holding a qualifying bachelor’s degree .

While applying for a Master’s program, make sure to refer to the university’s admission and pre-requisite requirements. At Unity Environmental University, you need to have a baccalaureate and either 

• have a minimum undergraduate cumulative GPA of 2.75 or higher; or
• have earned a minimum grade of B (3.0) in at least 6 credits of Master’s level courses from an accredited institution.

There are a few exceptions if you do not meet either of these two  Master’s admission requirements .

Boost your career with a completely  online master’s degree from Unity Environmental University .

The biggest differences between a bachelor’s and master’s degree are the academic level (undergraduate vs graduate) and the depth of study. An undergraduate degree provides broad foundational knowledge. It’s a necessary precursor for the more specialized approach that graduate school takes. Because graduate degrees are advanced degrees, they typically open up more advanced career pathways, including management and research roles.

It takes about 120 credit hours to earn a baccalaureate degree versus only 45 credits for a master’s degree. Therefore, master’s programs often only take two years to complete versus four years for a bachelor’s degree. While the per credit cost of bachelor’s degrees is usually lower than it is for master’s degrees, master’s degrees need fewer credits to graduate, so they could be less costly overall.

Unity Environmental University has flexible terms, allowing you to graduate much faster on average. You can take 2 courses (3 credits) per term. With our baccalaureate programs being 8 terms per year, you can max at 48 credits per year. With 120 credits needed to graduate, you can graduate as quickly as 2.5 years. 

Our Graduate programs are the same. You can take 2 courses per term with 5 terms per year. That means you can take 30 credits per year max, allowing you to graduate in less than a year and a half.

Whether you are interested in a bachelor’s or a master’s, learn  how to make your degree more affordable .

Ready To Learn More About Unity Environmental University?

To determine if a bachelor’s degree vs master’s is right for you, think about your  long-term career goals  and research the educational requirements for your ideal job. Consider the time commitment and cost of graduate vs undergraduate school. Using data online, you can estimate how much income you can earn over your lifetime if you have a master’s degree vs a bachelor’s degree. This will vary by industry and specific roles, but generally,  workers with a master’s degree earn more than those with only a bachelor’s .

Because a baccalaureate degree is a prerequisite for a master’s, the question isn’t actually master’s vs bachelor’s. Instead, the question is whether it’s worth it to pursue a master’s degree after you finish undergraduate school. Not sure if a master’s degree is right for you? Discover the  benefits of going to grad school . 

Environmental Bachelor Programs At Unity Environmental University

Unity Environmental University’s bachelor’s programs focus on equipping students with the knowledge and skills needed to address contemporary environmental challenges. We use a unique approach to environmental studies that includes social sustainability and  cultural competence  in our programs. Below are some of our bachelor’s degree programs and potential career options for graduates with that degree.

• B.S. in Animal Science :   Zoologist , livestock manager,  animal care specialist
• B.S. in Environmental Studies :  Environmental policy analyst, toxicologist, environmental educator
• B.S. in Sustainable Business Management : Environmental consultant, sustainability manager, sustainability analyst
• B.S. in Wildlife Conservation :   Wildlife biologist , research associate,  park ranger  

Environmental Master Programs At Unity Environmental University

When you choose Unity Environmental University for your master’s degree, you get access to specialized research opportunities, expert faculty, and the skills needed to make a major impact on the world’s environmental challenges. The programs below cater to those looking to deepen their expertise or pivot their career toward environmental advocacy and sustainability.

• Master’s in Environmental Studies and Sustainability :   Urban planner ,  environmental engineer , climate change policy analyst
• Master’s in Environmental Geographic Information Science :   GIS analyst , GIS technician, GIS specialist
• SMBA in Sustainable Tourism & Hospitality : Business owner, sustainability consultant, sustainability director

Earn An Environmental Bachelor’s Or Master’s Degree Online At Unity Environmental University

Before applying to college, it’s vital to understand the differences between an undergraduate degree vs graduate degree. In undergraduate school, students earn a baccalaureate degree, usually in four years. Graduate school students earn a master’s degree which usually takes two years. A high school diploma or GED is required for admission to undergraduate school, and a baccalaureate degree is required for admission to graduate school. 

Unity Environmental University  offers baccalaureate and master’s degree programs that can be completed online and come with built-in career development support for all students. You can earn a degree at your own pace with our flexible term starts. The fastest you can earn a baccalaureate in 2.5 years and a Master’s in 1.5 years.  Financial aid  is also available at the undergraduate and graduate levels so that you do not have to worry about whether you can afford a bachelor’s vs master’s degree only.

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Key differences between bachelor’s and master’s degrees 

This article was updated on June 12, 2024.

By Michael Feder

Reviewed by  Marc Booker , PhD, Vice Provost, Strategy

In this article

• What is a bachelor’s degree?
• What is a master’s degree?
• Understanding bachelor’s vs. master’s programs

When most people think about going to college, they’re usually thinking about the pursuit of a bachelor’s degree. A four-year program is often a common entry point to a college education, but it’s not the only one. Depending on their goals, students have access to four types of degrees :

• Associate degree
• Bachelor’s degree
• Master’s degree

A bachelor’s degree is often seen as a next step after high school, as career preparation to enter the workforce. It can equip people with the necessary education and skills for various industries, and it signals to employers that a person is qualified for a role. It also displays a commitment of time and discipline necessary for most jobs.

If you’re curious about how a bachelor’s degree may be a factor in today’s job market, the National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE) 2023 recruiting benchmarks report found 68% of entry-level positions require a bachelor’s degree. In terms of job openings, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projects occupations that typically require a bachelor’s degree are projected to have 3.3 million openings each year between 2022 and 2032.

A master’s degree follows a bachelor’s degree and is a means of furthering one’s knowledge and skills, demonstrating a mastery of a professional practice. This degree may be required for employment in specific industries — like research or teaching — and can help showcase leadership abilities to employers.

These degree paths may seem linear, but it’s not always cut and dry. Some people pursue a second bachelor’s degree, while others may feel they need a master’s for their personal and career goals. For example, suppose you’re entering a profession that requires a certain level of education, trying to earn a promotion or starting a new job. In these cases, it’s important to understand the difference between a bachelor’s and a master’s degree. 

BLS Occupational Employment Projections, 2022-2032 is published by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. This data reflects BLS’ projections of national (not local) conditions. These data points are not specific to University of Phoenix students or graduates.

What is a bachelor’s degree? 

A bachelor’s degree is a four-year program of study through which students develop skills and understanding of their program of choice at a college or university, either online or in person. Many students pursue a bachelor’s degree immediately after high school, but it’s not uncommon for adults to complete a degree later in life.

Bachelor’s programs typically cover the core educational elements of an area of study, giving you a working knowledge of many topics. After meeting general education requirements, you’ll move on to advanced courses in your preferred subject area. In addition, you may also sprinkle in elective courses to expand your knowledge.

Some students may take general education credits they accumulate at one institution (like a community college) and transfer them to another school to earn their degree. This process can help save money in the long run.

Why is it important to go to school and earn a bachelor’s degree?

Students often pursue a bachelor’s degree to enhance career opportunities. In 2021,  23.5% of the U.S. population  age 25 or older had a bachelor’s degree, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. As noted above, a bachelor’s has become a common requirement by employers for consideration for a number of jobs. 

We spoke with Marc Booker, PhD, vice provost of strategy at University of Phoenix about how there is value in a bachelor’s degree for many prospective students: “The value of earning a bachelor’s degree goes beyond just the knowledge obtained in the credential itself. It also demonstrates the skills of the learner connected to persistence, determination and navigating through organizational processes.” 

Bachelor’s degree programs

Within the bachelor’s degree category, students have access to different degrees: the Bachelor of Arts (BA), Bachelor of Science (BS) and Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA). But what are the differences among the three?

Bachelor of Arts 

One of the most common bachelor’s degrees, a Bachelor of Arts generally focuses on a discipline of the arts or humanities. This type of degree program is centered more on each student’s individual exploration of a given subject. 

Bachelor of Science 

A Bachelor of Science tends to focus more on science and math than a BA or BFA does. The focus of study generally remains on the specific subjects related to the degree. 

Bachelor of Fine Arts 

A BFA is similar to a BA but generally focuses on the arts, specifically the performing arts, visual arts and music. These programs tend to emphasize hands-on learning in a studio. 

Bachelor’s degree requirements 

Admissions requirements for bachelor’s degrees can vary by program. All University of Phoenix bachelor’s degrees require applicants to have an acceptable and official high school diploma or state-sanctioned equivalency diploma. International students must have a foreign secondary school equivalent. In addition, students must be U.S. citizens or have a valid visa.

Each bachelor’s degree program generally has its own requirements for completion. These requirements include a mixture of general education and specialized, program-specific courses. Combined, these courses and experiences make up 120 semester credits. 

Time to complete a bachelor’s degree 

Bachelor’s programs often take four years to complete, but it is possible to expedite your degree and save money by transferring eligible credits from accredited institutions or applying to see if relevant work and life experience may count as credit toward your degree, reducing the number of courses you need to take.

One of the biggest benefits of online classes is the ability to schedule courses that fit into your schedule and enable you to get your degree on time.

What is a master’s degree? 

A master’s degree is an advanced graduate degree that can be pursued after you have completed a bachelor’s degree. Earning a master’s degree helps establish expertise in a field and can help prepare graduates to take on more responsibility and pursue leadership positions. 

People  pursue master’s degrees for a variety of reasons . Some students are looking to increase their chances of employment or seek more job security. Others would like to switch careers.

Additionally, earning a master’s gives you more opportunities to conduct research and contribute to your chosen field. 

“Think of a master’s degree as a deep dive and immersion into a specific content area where you can refine your expertise and leadership abilities to further your workplace or community,” shares Dr. Booker. “The exposure you will get to in-depth reviews of thought leaders and practitioners in a subject area to expand your network from the degree that can be applied to improving your communities can be seen as even more valuable.”

Master’s degree programs 

There are three types of master’s degrees, which align similarly with the bachelor’s degrees, but the three are not exhaustive and the master’s degree can be tied directly to the subject matter itself, like a Master of Management or Master of Business Administration:

• Master of Arts (MA)
• Master of Science (MS)
• Master of Fine Arts (MFA)

Master’s degree requirements 

Master’s degree programs often have unique requirements for completion. Unlike bachelor’s degrees, however, there is no general education requirement. Students instead focus on their field of study.

To enter a master’s degree program at University of Phoenix, at a minimum you must have a valid bachelor’s degree from an approved college or university with institutional accreditation (or a comparable degree from an international institution). You must also have a cumulative GPA of 2.5 (on a 4.0 scale). Finally, you must complete all required forms and submit official test scores and transcripts.

Time to complete a master’s degree 

A master’s degree tends to be much more rigorous than a bachelor's degree program since it takes an intensive approach to specialized expertise. The length of a master’s degree program typically varies with the institution and subject.

As with a bachelor’s degree, some master’s programs offer ways to save time and money. Competency-based programs in business and nursing, for example, allow professionals with strong work experience to leverage that background in a more self-directed type environment.

Understanding bachelor’s vs. master’s programs 

One thing to keep in mind about bachelor’s and master’s degrees is that they don’t compete with each other. They’re both steps along an educational journey. Each offers unique benefits and challenges and opens different pathways for professional knowledge.

Whether you’re considering going back to school for your master’s degree o seeking out a new educational path with a bachelor’s program, University of Phoenix offers flexible, online degree programs that allow you to pursue your educational goals by teaching relevant career skills. And with the full support of the University’s Career Services for Life ® commitment, mentors, alumni groups and academic counselors, you won’t have to pursue those goals alone.

Bachelor’s degrees at University of Phoenix 

University of Phoenix offers several online bachelor’s degree programs to help professionals within almost every field expand their expertise. The following list of bachelor’s programs includes some of the most popular fields of study:

• Bachelor of Science in Business
• Bachelor of Science in Management
• Bachelor of Science in Accounting
• Bachelor of Science in Communication
• Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
• Bachelor of Science in Computer Science
• Bachelor of Science in Data Science
• Bachelor of Science in Cybersecurity
• Bachelor of Science in Health Management
• Bachelor of Science in Health Administration
• Registered Nurse to Bachelor of Science in Nursing (RN-BSN)
• Bachelor of Science in Education
• Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice Administration
• Bachelor of Science in Public Administration

Master's degrees at University of Phoenix 

University of Phoenix offers several online master’s degree programs for professionals in fields like business, education, healthcare and education. Some of the most popular programs are:

• Master of Business Administration (MBA)
• Master of Management
• Master of Science in Cybersecurity
• Master of Information Systems
• Master of Science in Data Science
• Master of Health Administration
• Master of Science in Nursing
• Master of Arts in Education
• Master of Public Administration

Request more information about our online degree programs or apply for entry today. 

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

A graduate of Johns Hopkins University and its Writing Seminars program and winner of the Stephen A. Dixon Literary Prize, Michael Feder brings an eye for detail and a passion for research to every article he writes. His academic and professional background includes experience in marketing, content development, script writing and SEO. Today, he works as a multimedia specialist at University of Phoenix where he covers a variety of topics ranging from healthcare to IT.

ABOUT THE REVIEWER

Christina Neider is the dean of the University of Phoenix College of Social and Behavioral Sciences.  Neider’s career spans more than 30 years in academia, healthcare and the U.S. Air Force. She has held several academic leadership roles at University of Phoenix, and she is the Vice President of membership for the Arizona Chapter of the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society.

This article has been vetted by University of Phoenix's editorial advisory committee.  Read more about our editorial process.

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Question: What are the Differences Between a Bachelor's Degree and a Master’s Degree? (Bachelor’s vs. Master's Programs)

Answer: A bachelor’s degree is a postsecondary undergraduate degree that typically requires the completion of the equivalent of eight semester or four years of coursework and that can prepare students for entry- and mid-level work in their field of study, as well as for further studies at the graduate level. A master’s degree is a graduate degree that provides advanced training and instruction in a particular field of study and that can prepare students for more specialized, higher-level positions and/or for doctoral programs in that field. While the upper division coursework offered in bachelor’s programs may overlap with introductory master’s program coursework, bachelor’s program curricula are designed to provide students with a foundation for further academic and professional achievement through a combination of general education coursework and a designated cluster of courses in a particular major. Master’s program curricula do not include general education requirements and may take only three or four semesters or roughly one to two years to complete, depending on the program and the field of study.

The Components of a Bachelor’s Degree Program

While there are different types of bachelor’s programs, including Bachelor of Arts (BA) and Bachelor of Science (BS) programs, most bachelor’s programs have two primary components: general education course requirements and electives, and core and elective coursework within a chosen major. General education requirements are typically completed during the initial two years or four semesters of a bachelor’s program and commonly include classes in English composition, mathematics, social science, physical science, history, art, and culture. Some bachelor’s programs may also require a certain number of general education credits in other areas, such a foreign language or physical education.

At some point during the first several semesters of a bachelor’s program, students must declare a major, which largely defines the focus of their studies through the remainder of the program. How and when students qualify for and declare their majors depends on the program and its structure. In some fields, particularly those that require professional licensure and/or supervised clinical hours, it may be advantageous for students to declare their major at the beginning or soon after the start of a bachelor’s program. In addition, some programs may require students to apply for and be accepted into certain highly competitive majors. Finally, some schools, including schools that offer online bachelor’s programs, may require students to apply to specific bachelor’s degree programs (e.g., a Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Bachelor of Arts in Education) as part of the initial admissions process.

The Structure and Length of Bachelor’s Programs

The way bachelor’s programs are structured varies by school and by program, and there may be structural variations between different majors offered by the same school. Nevertheless, general education requirements and electives outside of a student’s major can comprise up to half or more of the credits required for conferral of a bachelor’s degree. In contrast, coursework and other requirements within a particular major generally add up to between one third and half of the credits required for a bachelor’s degree. For example, a 120-credit bachelor’s program may allot 50 credits for general education requirements and offer a variety of BA and BS majors, some of which may require the completion of as few as 42 credits while others require students to complete up to 50 or more credits. The remaining credits required for a bachelor’s degree are commonly designated for electives that may or may not count toward a secondary major or minor, as some programs allow students to minor in a field other than their major or to double major in two fields of study.

The table below offers a simplified example of how crediting and coursework requirements might be structured for a bachelor’s program that allots an average of three credits per course and that requires students to earn 120 credits, which is a common number of credits for a bachelor’s program.

A student enrolled full-time in a bachelor’s program like the one described above would be eligible to graduate in four years by taking an average of five classes per semester for eight semesters. Students who take classes during summer sessions may be able to graduate in less than four years from a program structured in this way, or to reduce the number of courses they take per semester to three or four over a four-year period.

Bachelor’s Program Majors

There are numerous options for majors at the bachelor’s degree level, some of which are more commonly offered than others. Most colleges and universities offer majors in a range of humanities, social science, and natural science disciplines, such as English, biology, chemistry, communication, history, mathematics, philosophy, physics, psychology, and sociology. Majors in more specialized fields like accounting, business administration, cybersecurity, data analytics, engineering, environmental studies, library science, nursing, social work, and teaching are offered by some but not all schools. Potential applicants to bachelor’s programs should research programs carefully to determine which schools offer a major in their field of interest or in a closely related field.

Based on an analysis of recent data collected by the Department of Education for its Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), the ten most common undergraduate majors or fields of study are:

• Health professions
• Social sciences and history
• Social sciences
• Biological and biomedical sciences
• Engineering
• Visual and performing arts
• Communication and journalism

As previously noted, different majors have different requirements. Students who major in a humanities discipline may be required to submit a senior paper or thesis in order to graduate, while those who major in a science field may be required to complete a research project. Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) programs commonly require students to compose a portfolio of their work or present a performance of some type prior to receiving their degree. Bachelor’s programs in professional fields, such as nursing, social work, and accounting, may require students to complete a certain number of supervised field education, practicum, or internship hours as part of their major.

Admission to Bachelor’s Degree Programs

Eligibility requirements and admissions criteria vary by program. However, most bachelor’s programs, regardless of their admissions standards, require applicants to have a high school diploma or the equivalent. In addition, students may be required to submit scores from a standardized test such as the SAT; two or three letters of recommendation; a written personal goals statement; and/or answers to one or more essay questions. Finally, some bachelor’s programs may request or require interviews with applicants. For specific information regarding a program’s admissions policies, potential applicants should contact an admissions counselor or administrator at that school.

The Components of Master’s Degree Programs

One of the primary differences between bachelor’s and master’s degree programs involves general education coursework, which is not one of the components of a master’s program. Instead, master’s program curricula focus exclusively on various facets of the program’s field of study, which may include core subject area courses and specialized coursework within a field, as well as labs, practicums, internships, and/or field education, depending of the field of study. For example, a Master of Business Administration (MBA) program curriculum typically includes required courses in key business functions, such as accounting, finance, logistics, marketing, organizational science, and personnel and project management. In addition, MBA programs commonly give students options for elective coursework in other areas, such as business analytics, cybersecurity, digital marketing, entrepreneurship, health management, hospitality management, and public relations, and many MBA programs have designated tracks in one or more of these and other specializations.

Many master’s programs in other fields are structured similarly, with several required core courses followed by optional specializations or concentrations comprised of a designated cluster of required courses. For example, Master of Social Work (MSW) programs typically provide core training and instruction in the general practice of social work and may then offer students the option of specializing in clinical practice, macro practice, mental health counseling, and/or school social work. Similarly, Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) programs typically cover general areas of advanced nursing practice in several core courses and provide focused training in one or more nursing specializations, including nursing administration, nursing education, and various Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) specializations.

There are two additional components that may be required as part of a master’s degree program. In many fields, master’s degree candidates must complete supervised clinical or work experience hours through internships, practicums, and/or field education placements. For example, MSW programs typically require at least 900 field education hours, and master’s in counseling programs typically require a minimum of 700 supervised clinical hours. In contrast, MBA programs generally do not have internship requirements. Finally, some programs require students to pass a comprehensive exam and/or complete a master’s thesis, capstone project, or some other type of final paper or research project that students may have to defend prior to receiving their degree.

The Structure and Length of Master’s Programs

Master’s programs generally require fewer courses, fewer credits, and less time to complete than bachelor’s programs. While the total number of courses and credits in a master’s program varies by program and by area of study, in most fields students who enroll on a full-time basis can complete a master’s program in one to three years. Master’s programs in clinical fields may take longer on average to complete than non-clinical master’s programs, but this is not universally true.

The time it takes to complete a master’s program may also depend on a student’s level of academic and/or professional preparedness. Students who hold a bachelor’s degree in the same field as a master’s program or who have professional experience in that field may not be required to take one or more of the program’s introductory courses. Conversely, students who majored in a field unrelated to the type of master’s degree they are pursuing and who do not have professional experience in that field may be required to take one or more prerequisites as a condition for admission. For example, students who hold a bachelor’s degree in accounting typically do not have to take introductory managerial and financial accounting courses in order to earn a master’s degree in accounting, while students who did not major in accounting are generally required to complete several introductory accounting courses prior to taking more advanced, master’s-level accounting classes.

Social Work is another example of a field in which a bachelor’s degree in social work (BSW) may be advantageous for students who intend to pursue a master’s degree. Graduates from BSW programs accredited by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) may qualify for Advanced Standing MSW programs, which have fewer introductory course and field education requirements than traditional MSW programs and take less time to complete.

The table below compares master’s programs that fall on two ends of the crediting spectrum.

Note : Many master’s programs are designed to accommodate students who intend to continue working professionally while earning their degree. These programs offer part-time or flexible enrollment, allowing students to take fewer courses per semester provided that they complete the program within a certain number of years, typically five to eight years. It is also common at the master’s level to find programs that do not adhere to the traditional 15-week academic semester system and that offer courses five or six times a year during terms that last five, eight, or ten weeks. This may allow students to take one or two courses per term without extending the time to completion beyond two years.

Types of Master’s Degree Programs

The two most common designations for master’s programs are Master of Arts (MA) and Master of Science (MS). However, there are many formal designations for master’s programs, including Master of Professional Studies (MPS), Master of Fine Arts (MFA), and Master of Applied Science (MAS), and an even larger number of designations for specialized types of master’s program. The list below provides an overview of some of the more common specialized master’s degree designations and their abbreviations.

• Master of Accounting (MAcc)
• Master of Business Administration (MBA)
• Master of Computer Science (MCS)
• Master of Education (MEd)
• Master of Engineering (MEng)
• Master of Health Administration (MHA)
• Master of Laws (LLM)
• Master of Public Administration (MPA)
• Master of Public Health (MPH)
• Master of Social Work (MSW)

Common Areas for Master’s-Level Study

An analysis of recent IPEDS data on the number of graduates from master’s programs in the US indicates that the 15 most common general fields of study pursued at the master’s level are as follows:

• Health Professions
• Public Administration and Social Services
• Social Sciences and History
• Visual and Performing Arts
• Biological and Biomedical Sciences
• Theology and Religious Vocations
• Computer and Information Sciences
• Homeland Security, Law Enforcement, and Firefighting
• Communication and Journalism
• Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies
• Mathematics and Statistics

Admission to Master’s Degree Programs

Master’s program admissions policies vary by school and by program. In order to be eligible for admission to a master’s program, students typically must hold a minimum of a bachelor’s degree from an accredited college or university. Some programs are designed for students who earned their bachelor’s degree in a particular field or fields, or who earned passing grades in several college-level courses in one or more subject areas. For example, a master’s in computer science program may require applicants to hold a bachelor’s degree in computer science or to have taken college-level computer programming, mathematics, and/or statistics courses.

In addition, master’s programs may request that applicants submit standardized test scores (GRE or GMAT), letters of recommendation, a personal goals statement, and/or answers to one or more essay questions. Some master’s programs have minimum undergraduate grade point average (GPA) requirements, while others are designed for students who have one or more years of qualifying professional experience in their field. Finally, admissions to some types of master’s programs may require professional licensure. For example, MSN programs commonly require applicants to hold a valid and unencumbered state-issued Registered Nurse (RN) licensure prior to admission.

Bachelor’s Degrees vs. Master’s Degrees: A Side-By-Side Comparison

The table below offers a general side-by-side comparison of bachelor’s and master’s degree programs, highlighting many of the key differences between the two types of degrees.

Accreditation for Bachelor’s and Master’s Degree Programs

One area in which bachelor’s and master’s degree programs do not significantly differ regards institutional accreditation. There are currently six regional bodies that provide accreditation to schools offering bachelor’s and graduate degree programs:

• Higher Learning Commission (HLC)
• Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE)
• New England Association of Schools and Colleges, Commission on Institutions of Higher Education (NEASC-CIHE)
• Northwest Commission on Colleges and University (NWCCU)
• The Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, Commission on Colleges (SACSCOC)
• The Western Association of Schools and Colleges, Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC)

Accreditation from one of these six groups indicates that a college or university has undergone an assessment designed to ensure the functional viability of the institution and its educational and financial resources.

In addition to institutional accreditation, specific types of academic undergraduate and graduate programs may receive programmatic accreditation from accrediting bodies in certain fields, such as business, counseling, nursing, and social work. The importance of programmatic accreditation varies by field but is typically more crucial in fields that require professional licensure, like counseling, nursing, and social work, than in fields that do not have licensure requirements. However, in a field such as business, which generally does not require professional licensure, it may still be advantageous to graduate from a program that is accredited by one of the three bodies that accredit business schools and programs.

For more information on programmatic accreditation for online programs, refer to the following FAQs:

Business Programs:

• Who Accredits MBA Programs?
• Who Accredits non-MBA Business Programs?
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Master of Education vs. Master of Arts in Teaching: Which is Right for You?

What is an MEd (Master of Education)?

What is an mat (master of arts in teaching), med vs mat [career opportunities and salaries], master of education vs. master of arts in teaching [comparison table], med degree vs mat degree: programs, med degree vs mat degree: concentration areas, med degree vs mat degree: coursework, med degree vs mat degree: time commitment, med degree vs mat degree: field experience, earning your education master’s degree online.

If you are considering a master’s degree in the education field to launch or advance your teaching career or to position yourself for opportunities outside the classroom, you are no doubt “doing your homework.”

Specifically, this includes developing a thorough understanding of the two primary options to determine which is right for you — a Master of Education or a Master of Arts in Teaching.

In your research, you are likely to come across reports stating that an MEd is focused largely on administration and other non-teaching opportunities while an MAT is focused on teaching. While this assessment is partly true, it is an overly simplistic explanation that does not tell the whole story.

While it’s true that a Master of Arts in Teaching is typically designed for those who are already teachers or those who plan to teach in the classroom, the best Master of Education degree programs offer the flexibility to sharpen your teaching skills, position yourself for school leadership roles and also build a strong foundation from which to explore other interests in the world of education. The goal of this post is to provide a helpful overview of the MEd vs. MAT breakdown.

One of the key similarities between the two degrees is that they’re both a proven way to pursue your passion for education while also expanding your career opportunities and earning potential.

  A Master of Education degree is designed for current educators who wish to expand their understanding of teaching theories, pedagogy, strategies and more. Though the degree is well-suited to teachers seeking new ways to make an even greater impact in the lives of their students, those who choose the MEd pathway often hold aspirations of  expanding their career  beyond the classroom.

For example, if you are interested in becoming a school principal, designing curriculum working in a college or university setting, or positioning yourself for business roles such as a corporate trainer, an MEd will equip you with the skills required to be successful.

In addition, MEd programs typically offer students the choice of specializing in specific areas such as:

• Curriculum & Instruction
• School Leadership
• Inclusive Learning & Special Education
• Literacy & Digital Learning
• STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics)
• Technology and Innovation

Traditionally, MEd programs take about two years to complete; and now more schools offer flexible online formats that enable you to work a full-time teaching job while working toward your Master of Education degree. Most MEd degrees will prepare you for initial licensure in your state.

A Master of Arts in Teaching is designed to give current and prospective teachers the hands-on, practical skills they need to be effective in the classroom.

If you are currently teaching and wish to gain additional subject-specific skills and strategies, an MAT offers many opportunities to focus on:

• Childhood Education
• Elementary Education
• Secondary Education
• Special Education
• Gifted & Talented Education

Similarly, if you are looking to  change careers and move into the teaching field , the MAT will offer you the education you need to do so and prepare you for initial licensure in your state. Another reason the MAT degree is an excellent option for career changers is that there is typically a required student teaching component, which will enable you to practice and experience an actual classroom.

Much like the MEd degree, MAT degree programs typically take about two years to complete and are offered in varying formats at many schools across the country.

[RELATED] 10 Traits of Successful School Leaders >>

Teachers choose to become teachers because they love to teach, not to become millionaires. However, earning a master’s degree not only helps you expand your spectrum of career opportunities, it can also significantly increase your earning potential.

Though estimates vary greatly, a U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics report examining graduate degree “wage premiums” for those who hold a master’s over a bachelor’s degree indicates significant differentials in the education field.

According to the most recent BLS data, “Education administrators had the highest percentage wage premium, with 44 percent higher wages for master’s degree holders than for bachelor’s degree holders. The wage premium for preschool and kindergarten teachers was nearly as high, at 43 percent.” The differential for elementary and secondary school teachers ranged from 24 to 28 percent.

The following is national median salary data for jobs commonly held to education professionals possessing a Master of Education or a Master of Arts in Teaching:

MEd job titles and salaries:

• School Principal – $94,390
• Post-Secondary Education Administrator – $92,360
• Training and Development Manager (Corporate Trainer) – $108,250
• Curriculum Developer – $62,270
• Media Specialist – $46,849
• Special Education Teacher — $59,780
• Instructional Coordinator – $64,450
• School Counselor – $55,410

MAT job titles and salaries:

• Elementary School Teacher – $58,230
• Middle School Teacher – $58,600
• High School Teacher – $60,320
• Adult Literacy & HS Equivalency Diploma Teacher – $53,630

An MEd degree allows you to work in education without limiting yourself to the teaching profession. Programs offering MEd degrees enable students to pursue instructional design, student advisement, administration or leadership.

There are many MAT programs available that span the entire K–12 spectrum. Plenty of MAT degree programs also offer the option to specialize in teaching a certain grade level or age group (see the next section). While this is beneficial for those who have a specific career trajectory in mind, it can limit the opportunity to expand or diversify your skill set and become a more sought-after candidate in the field.

Educators earning their MEd can expand their teaching expertise with concentrations in:

Teaching STEAM: A hot topic in education, teaching STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics) in K–12 classrooms is a highly valued skill set among educators. 

Curriculum and Instruction: This concentration provides beginning and current teachers a comprehensive understanding of educational theory , which includes curriculum development, teacher leadership and human development.

Literacy and Digital Learning: Digital learning tools and education go hand in hand, and the ability to incorporate these tools into your classroom is essential. This concentration pairs digital literacy with improving student performance in core subjects. 

Counselor Education: Aspiring guidance counselors or school mental health counselors typically choose (or are required to complete) this concentration.

Educational Administration: If you’re interested in becoming a principal or other high-level school administrator, this concentration is for you. You’ll study faculty leadership , educational law and community issues. Some aspiring school administrators also seek to earn their doctorate in education, which opens up further career opportunities. 

MAT degrees are available with (though they are certainly not limited to) the following specializations:

Early Childhood Education: These programs concentrate on instructing students ages 4 and younger, though some extend to include kindergarten and first grade. 

Primary/Elementary Education: This MAT concentration is designed for teachers who want to specialize in K–6 instruction. Teaching methods and learning styles form the basis of coursework, and electives allow educators to round out their expertise.

Secondary Education: This specialization equips teachers to lead grades 7–12. Foundational topics are covered, with additional concentration in mental health and diversity. 

Special Education: Teaching students with special needs or disabilities requires this MAT concentration. Coursework includes learning about a range of intellectual, physical and cognitive disabilities, as well as how to instruct these students in a way that acknowledges and respects their abilities and needs. 

Gifted and Talented Education (GATE): Though a bit difficult to define, this speciality (also called Talented and Gifted, or TAG ) involves teaching children identified as having above-average intellect or aptitude in certain skill areas. TAG educators can teach at academies or so-called “magnet” schools in specific subjects like performing arts, mathematics or speech and debate. GATE also encompasses teaching students who are considered twice-exceptional, or identified as having above-average intellect and one or more disabilities. 

Since an MEd degree outcome expands beyond classroom instruction, courses will cover broader topics such as school administration, education law, school counseling or academic advising.

The primary goal of a MAT degree is to help graduate students become teachers. Besides an introduction to teaching foundational subject matter, MAT program courses cover psychological and social theories, instructional strategies for students with different learning styles and abilities, and teaching within state curriculum standards.

In general, master’s degrees can be completed in two years with a full-time schedule. Part-time course loads will extend this timeline, as will certain specializations.

MAT degree programs generally require full-time commitment, but there are MEd programs that can be completed on a part-time or flexible schedule, including the online Master of Education degree at University of San Diego . This program offers two courses per semester, each with a 7-week duration, able to be completed in two academic years.

Some MEd programs offer a practical component, though not necessarily one in a classroom. Depending on your specialization or program, you may be placed into an assistantship in a school guidance office, counseling center, administrative headquarters or with experienced curriculum designers.

Nearly every MAT degree program includes a student teaching component, offered concurrently with coursework. This is the best way to gain classroom experience before taking on the full responsibility of becoming a licensed teacher. Putting what you’ve learned into action (and getting to observe more seasoned teachers at work) is an invaluable “field experience” that can’t always be taught in a classroom setting.

Thanks to advancements in online learning, your ability to earn your education master’s degree online while continuing to work in your current job is greater than ever before. Many top MEd programs also offer a variety of specializations that enable you to focus on your areas of interest.

For example, the highly regarded online Master of Education program offered by the University of San Diego , designed for educators with two or more years of teaching experience, is valuable whether you wish to transform your classroom or transition into school leadership while also positioning yourself to explore other opportunities in the world of education.

[RELATED] Download our free eBook to learn the top reasons to earn your Master of Education degree >>

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Bachelor’s Degree vs. Master’s Degree: What’s the Advantage?

Qualifying for many top jobs requires a degree. While in some industries, associate degrees and certifications can get you in the door and help you secure entry-level positions, investing in a bachelor’s degree or master’s degree can provide both short- and long-term benefits for your career advancement.

We want you to feel informed and empowered when choosing a degree program. Let’s start with a simple question—what’s the difference between a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree? And how can you benefit from one, the other or both?

What’s the Difference Between a Bachelor’s Degree and a Master’s Degree?

What are some of the key differentiators between a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree? Let’s take a high-level look at the differences in these two degree programs.

Which Degree is a Better Fit—Bachelor’s or Master’s?

Choosing a degree program is a significant commitment. We want to help you understand which program is the best fit based on your background and career aspirations.Your educational background is the first place to start when considering a degree program.

You may be a good fit for a bachelor’s degree program if:

• You haven’t completed any post-secondary education
• You completed some college coursework, but didn’t graduate with a degree
• You graduated from an associate degree or certificate program
• You graduated with your bachelor’s degree but want to pursue a career or master’s degree in a completely different field

If you already completed a bachelor’s degree program, getting your master’s degree may be the most beneficial next step in terms of salary expectations and career advancement.

You may want to pursue a master’s degree program if:

• You’re looking to switch careers and improve job prospects
• You want to advance to executive-level positions or other jobs that require a master’s degree
• You want to update your industry knowledge and improve job security
• You want to gain a deeper understanding of your field and increase your expertise in specific areas

These are just some of the reasons you may decide to pursue one degree over another. You should consider the total value of the degree and how it improves your career prospects, both now and in the long term when choosing a program.

But is it too difficult to go back to school? There are many myths about adults continuing their education , so we want you to understand the full picture when it comes to earning a degree.

When it comes to paying for school, grants are among your best options. But do you know how to find them? Remove the guesswork by downloading this free guide

Dispelling myths about getting your degree as an adult.

Pursuing a degree may not be as difficult as you think. While it’s true you’ll need to be focused and dedicated, no matter what program you pursue, we don’t want you to believe common misconceptions about completing a degree as an adult. Let’s clear up these myths with the realities of returning to school.

Myth 1: You have to start from scratch.

The Truth: If you choose the right program, you can get transfer credit for your previous experience. Not only can you get credit for previously completed college coursework and associate degrees or certificate programs, with transfer-friendly institutions like Franklin University, you can get credit for your professional experience as well.

Explore Franklin University’s wide range of transfer credit opportunities to see how you can save on tuition and complete your degree faster.

Myth 2: You won’t qualify for financial aid.

The Truth: You don’t have to be a first-time college student to apply for financial aid. Not only can you qualify for financial aid , you may actually qualify for more aid.

When you apply for financial aid as a dependent student, your parents’ income is what’s taken into consideration. As an adult, your income (and your spouse’s income if you’re married) is what determines your eligibility and amount of aid. You may also qualify for better loans as an adult or have the opportunity for tuition reimbursement through an employer. No matter what, you should always complete a FAFSA when going back to school.

Myth 3: You have to take standardized tests again.

Truth: Many institutions waive standardized test requirements for people over age 25. For many adults, you won’t need to complete any additional tests to apply for a program. When looking for programs, make sure you understand their admission requirements . Many programs designed for adults make the application process as simple as possible.

Don’t Believe These Myths About Master’s Degrees

Now let’s look at master’s degree programs and some of the unfounded reasons people may question completing their master’s degree.

Myth 1: You can only complete my master’s degree in the same field as your bachelor’s degree.

The Truth: As long as you have a bachelor’s degree and have completed the prerequisite coursework, you can get any master’s degree you want.

If you’re looking to change careers or gain new skills, don’t assume you need to start over. Many master’s programs are structured so that courses build on one another. In other cases, necessary prerequisite knowledge can be acquired through a bridge course taken prior to beginning master’s-level study.

From english majors to engineers, MBA programs arm you with the business skills to excel in any industry. For professional degrees or specialized programs, like the sciences, you may need to take prerequisite courses, but that doesn’t necessarily mean you need to complete another undergraduate degree.

Myth 2: Getting your master’s degree is too expensive, it’s not really worth it.

The Truth: Yes, there’s a monetary investment in getting your master’s. But when looking at cost you should consider your return on investment, not just the dollar amount for the degree.

We won’t pretend that a master’s degree is inexpensive, but what you pay now will pay off in the future. If your master’s degree program requires 36 hours of coursework, and the cost per credit hour is $670, as it is at Franklin University , you would spend $24,120 on your degree. That’s less than the average new car. And unlike a car, your education will serve you for a lifetime.

Even more importantly, take your earning potential into account. On average, master’s degree holders make $228 more a week, which is $11,856 more per year, than the average bachelor’s degree holder. In the long run, a master’s degree can more than pay for itself.

Myth 3: Going back to school is inconvenient.

The Truth: If you choose the right program, you won’t have to jump through hoops to apply. If you’re worried about your past academic performance, or taking entrance exams, many online degree programs take more of a big-picture approach in accepting students. These types of programs also make it easier to balance your coursework with your other obligations.

For example, Franklin University master’s programs take a complete look at your experience, not just your undergraduate grades or test scores to admit students. And once you’re admitted, online courses make it easier to dedicate time to be successful because you can work around your schedule.

What’s the Value—Comparing Bachelor’s Degrees and Master’s Degrees?

If you’re planning to go back to school, you want to understand the true value of earning your degree. Let’s look at common professions to see the earning potential for professionals with a bachelor’s degree and master’s degree.

As you can see, the more advanced your education, the higher your earning potential. While it’s a significant amount year over year, let’s look at how higher education can impact your lifetime earning potential according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

The value of a higher education degree is indisputable. But how do you choose the right program to make sure you’re maximizing your return on investment?

Choosing a Degree Program—What You Should Look For

If you’re a working professional and don’t want to quit your job to return to school, there are key elements to look for in programs to not only make it easier to get your degree, but add educational value as well.

• Transfer credit friendly institutions: Make sure you get credit for all of your previous experience to help reduce time to degree and cost of your education.
• Flexible degree programs: Online programs make it easy to fit earning your degree into your schedule.
• Interactive coursework: Even if your program is online, cutting-edge interactive learning tools can create a community with your classmates and give you useful experience.
• Faculty with real-world experience: Learning from faculty who understand your industry’s landscape can help you take theory and put it into practice.
• Networking opportunities: Take your experience beyond the coursework by connecting with other professionals in your field who can help advance your career.

Whether you’re pursuing your bachelor’s degree or master’s degree, you want to make sure you’re getting the most out of your program.

Explore Franklin University’s bachelor’s programs to see what degrees and majors we offer that will give you these benefits and more. If you’re ready to pursue your master’s degree, explore Franklin University’s master’s programs to take your education to the next level and advance your career.

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Home > Blog > Getting Into College > Master’s Degree vs Bachelor’s Degree: Which Has Better Career Opportunities? 

Getting Into College , Going Back to College

Master’s Degree vs Bachelor’s Degree: Which Has Better Career Opportunities? 

Updated: June 19, 2024

Published: June 13, 2024

Both Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees open doors to numerous career opportunities, but they do so in different ways and at different career stages. A Bachelor’s degree offers a foundational education, providing graduates with a broad understanding of various disciplines and serving as a stepping stone for further education or an entry point into the workforce. A Master’s degree builds on this foundation with specialized knowledge, targeting those who seek to deepen their expertise in a particular field and enhance their professional trajectory. 

Choosing between a Master’s degree or stopping at a Bachelor’s degree involves considering several factors, including career goals, the financial and time investments required, and the potential return on investment for career advancement and salary increases. While a Bachelor’s degree may be sufficient for entering many professional fields, a Master’s degree can be a transformative asset, offering advanced career opportunities not accessible with a Bachelor’s alone. Understanding the differences between these educational paths is crucial in making an informed decision that aligns with one’s career aspirations and personal goals in today’s evolving job landscape. 

What Is a Master’s Degree? 

A Master’s degree is an advanced academic credential that follows completing a bachelor’s program. It is designed to provide specialized knowledge and expertise within a particular field, allowing students to focus intensely on a specific study area. The typical duration of a Master’s program is one to two years, depending on the field and the program’s structure.  

Students engage in more complex and in-depth coursework than the undergraduate level during this time, often including rigorous classes and independent research. A thesis or capstone project is usually required, demonstrating the student’s ability to apply their specialized knowledge to real-world problems.  

Master’s programs are geared towards preparing individuals for advanced career opportunities, significantly enhancing their professional growth and enabling them to qualify for higher-level positions that are not typically accessible to those with only a bachelor’s degree. 

What is a Bachelor’s Degree? 

A Bachelor’s degree is an essential academic qualification that lays the groundwork for professional success and further education. Typically earned after completing secondary education, this degree spans about four years of full-time study. Bachelor’s programs provide a comprehensive education across various disciplines, allowing students to explore different fields before choosing a major.  

The curriculum includes general education courses and more focused classes in the selected study area. Skills such as critical thinking, communication, and problem-solving are emphasized, preparing graduates for a diverse range of career paths or for continuing their education at the graduate level.  

The Bachelor’s degree is often seen as the minimum requirement for entry-level positions in many industries, serving as a crucial stepping stone for both professional entry and future educational pursuits. 

How Do Master’s and Bachelor’s Degrees Differ? 

Understanding the fundamental differences between a Master’s and a Bachelor’s degree can guide prospective students in making informed decisions that align with their educational and career goals. 

Educational Level 

The most basic distinction is the academic level; a Bachelor’s degree is an undergraduate credential that provides a broad knowledge base and skills across multiple disciplines. A Master’s degree is a graduate-level qualification that builds on the undergraduate experience with a deeper focus on a specific field, offering advanced insights and specialized skills. 

Depth of Study 

Bachelor’s programs offer a comprehensive overview of a field, including general education requirements that foster a well-rounded educational experience. Master’s programs, however, dive much deeper into a subject with a curriculum that involves advanced coursework, more rigorous assessments, and often a thesis or comprehensive project that requires substantial independent research. 

Entry Requirements 

To enter a Bachelor’s program, students generally need a high school diploma or equivalent and satisfactory scores on entrance exams such as the SAT or ACT. For a Master’s program, candidates must typically hold a Bachelor’s degree. They may need to meet more specific prerequisites such as relevant undergraduate coursework, professional experience, and higher standardized test scores (e.g., GRE, GMAT). 

Professional Development 

Master’s programs frequently offer enhanced opportunities for professional development, including networking with peers, leaders, and academics deeply embedded in a specific industry. This can lead to mentorship opportunities and career advancement that are less commonly available through Bachelor’s programs. 

Focus and Specialization 

While Bachelor’s degrees provide foundational knowledge and allow for some specialization in a major, Master’s degrees are inherently specialized. Students choose a Master’s program to gain expert-level knowledge and skills in a particular area, which can be crucial for pursuing specific career paths that require such expertise. 

Salary Potential 

Generally, earning a Master’s degree can lead to higher salary potential than holding only a Bachelor’s degree. The advanced expertise and skills gained through a Master’s program often qualify graduates for higher-level, higher-paying roles that demand specialized knowledge. 

Master’s vs Bachelor’s Degree: Best Career Options 

The type of degree one pursues can significantly influence the range of career opportunities available. Master’s and Bachelor’s degrees open doors to various professional paths, but the nature and level of these opportunities can differ significantly. 

Career Opportunities with a Master’s Degree 

Obtaining a Master’s degree often positions individuals for advanced career prospects that are typically out of reach for those with only a Bachelor’s degree. Graduates with a Master’s degree are considered for higher-level positions, such as managerial, senior technical, and other leadership positions across industries.  

For example, in fields like business administration, engineering, and data science, a Master’s degree can qualify individuals for executive roles or specialized positions that demand a deep understanding of the subject and advanced problem-solving skills.  

Master’s degree holders also often see a significant salary premium. They are more likely to be considered for promotions and career advancement due to their specialized skills and higher level of education. 

Career Opportunities with a Bachelor’s Degree 

A Bachelor’s degree provides a comprehensive foundation that equips graduates for entry-level positions across various industries. Typical roles might include management trainees, junior analysts, or administrative roles where broad knowledge and versatile skills are valuable.  

While the starting positions for Bachelor’s degree holders might be more generalized, the degree provides a crucial launching pad for professional growth. It is often sufficient for progressing into mid-level management. It also remains a minimum requirement for many traditional professional jobs.  

It is essential for those looking to establish a solid professional base to potentially pursue further education or specialized training later in their careers. 

Do You Need a Bachelor’s to Get a Master’s Degree? 

Typically, a Bachelor’s degree is required to enroll in a Master’s program as it provides the foundational knowledge and academic preparation essential for success at the graduate level. The Bachelor’s degree introduces students to the basic principles and theories that will be further developed in a Master’s program.  

However, there are exceptions and alternative pathways in certain fields. For instance, some integrated programs may allow students to enter a Master’s track directly after high school or after an associate degree, condensing the educational timeline.  

Additionally, some programs might consider professional experience equivalent to a bachelor’s degree, especially in fields like business, where practical experience is highly valued. 

How Long are Master’s and Bachelor’s Degree Programs? 

Understanding the time commitment required for Master’s and Bachelor’s degrees is crucial for prospective students planning their educational and professional paths. 

Duration of Bachelor’s Degree Programs 

Bachelor’s degree programs typically require four years of full-time study, although this can vary depending on the country, educational system, and the student’s pace. For example, in some European countries, a Bachelor’s degree might be completed in three years. These programs are designed to provide a broad foundation across multiple disciplines, with the later years focusing more on specialization within the student’s chosen major. 

Duration of Master’s Degree Programs 

Master’s degree programs generally take one to two years to complete, depending on the field of study, the program’s structure, and whether the student is attending full-time or part-time. Some fields, especially those involving significant research components or professional accreditation (such as social work, psychology, or engineering), might require longer periods, sometimes up to three years. The duration also depends on the student’s background preparation and the program’s specific requirements, such as a thesis or capstone project. 

Choosing the Best Degree for Your Own Academic Journey 

When considering whether to pursue a Master’s or a Bachelor’s degree, the decision should be influenced by a combination of personal, professional, and financial factors. A Bachelor’s degree typically takes about four years to complete. It offers a broad educational foundation that prepares graduates for various entry-level careers and provides the necessary qualifications for further academic pursuits.  

A Master’s degree generally requires one to two additional years of study beyond the Bachelor’s. It focuses on providing in-depth knowledge and specialized skills in a specific field. This advanced degree can open doors to higher-level career opportunities, often leading to greater earning potential and more significant professional advancement. 

Choosing the right degree depends heavily on your long-term career goals and personal aspirations. If your desired career path requires specialized knowledge or you aim for high-level managerial or technical positions, a Master’s degree may be necessary. If you want to enter the workforce sooner and start building experience in a broad range of fields, a Bachelor’s degree might be the most suitable option.  

Financial considerations also play a crucial role; while a Master’s degree generally involves a higher initial investment, the potential long-term financial benefits can outweigh the costs. It is also important to consider your current life circumstances and future commitments, as these can influence your ability to dedicate time to extended studies. 

What are the key differences between Master’s and Bachelor’s degrees? 

Master’s degrees typically involve one to two years of study beyond the Bachelor’s level, focusing on specialized knowledge and skills within a particular field. Bachelor’s degrees provide a broader, more generalized education and are usually the minimum requirement for entry-level positions in many industries. 

Do Master’s degrees offer better career prospects than Bachelor’s degrees? 

Yes, generally, Master’s degrees can lead to higher-level positions and greater earning potential. They are often required for advanced roles in fields such as academia, engineering, and specialized sectors of business. 

Do Master’s degrees lead to higher salary potential? 

Typically, yes. Completing a Master’s degree can significantly enhance your salary potential, as the specialized skills and advanced knowledge acquired are valued highly in many industries. 

What should you consider when deciding between a Master’s and a Bachelor’s degree? 

Consider your career goals, the field you want to enter, your financial situation, and your current life commitments. A Master’s degree is more suitable for those looking for specialization and advancement in certain careers, while a Bachelor’s degree is essential for entering the workforce and provides a foundation for diverse career paths. 

Are there industries favoring Master’s over Bachelor’s degree holders? 

Yes, industries such as academia, scientific research, advanced technology, and specialized healthcare roles often require or favor candidates with master’s degrees due to the advanced expertise needed. 

How do entry requirements differ between Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees? 

Entry into Bachelor’s programs typically requires a high school diploma and standardized test scores. Master’s programs require a Bachelor’s degree, possibly specific prerequisite courses, professional experience, and additional standardized tests like the GRE or GMAT, depending on the field. 

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Comparing Education Master's Degrees

Ready to level up in your teaching career get started on an education-focused master's program of your choice from wgu., which education master's degree is right for you.

If you’re ready to expand your impact as a teacher or become qualified for additional roles in the education world, it’s likely you’ve thought about a master’s degree program. But with all the options out there, which one is right for you?  

WGU offers three education master’s degree programs:

• Education Technology & Instructional Design – M.Ed.

This guide reviews these degree programs, their coursework, and their job outcomes so you can make an informed decision about which one is right for you.

An online master's degree for those who have educational experience and...

An online master's degree for those who have educational experience and are looking to further their careers with a graduate program focused on curriculum development and design.

• Time: 62% of students earn this degree within 12 months.
• Tuition:  $3,975 per 6-month term.
• Courses: 10 total courses in this program.

Skills for your résumé included in this program:

• Differentiated Instruction
• Curriculum and Instruction Design
• Educational Research

Help schools create engaging, meaningful, and memorable learning experiences to improve learning outcomes for all students with this M.S. degree.

An online master's degree for current teachers looking to move into a...

An online master's degree for current teachers looking to move into a school or district leadership position, like principal, vice principal, or administrator.

• Time:  60% of grads earned this degree within 23 months.
• Tuition: $3,975 per 6-month term.
• Courses: 13 total courses in this program.

This program is for licensed teachers who are ready to take the next step in their education career.

• School Financial Leadership
• People & Talent
• School Operations and Management
• Leadership Ethics

Put your leadership skills to good use—in the service of America's children—with this education master's degree. 

States that do not accept this program: Alabama, Connecticut, Georgia, Hawaii, Iowa, Kansas, and Minnesota.

The M.Ed. in Education Technology and Instructional Design from WGU is for...

The M.Ed. in Education Technology and Instructional Design from WGU is for instructional designers tasked with creating engaging and immersive virtual learning experiences that can substitute for on-ground instruction.

No teaching license required.

• Time: 62% of students finish this program in 10 months.
• Tuition:  $3,975 per 6-month term
• Courses:  12 total courses in this program.

This program includes two tracks for students to choose from:

• The K-12 pathway
• The Adult Learner pathway
• Learning Experience Design
• Assessment and Learning Analytics
• Learning Technology
• Research Methodology

Develop training and instruction expertise to help you in the classroom, in educational settings, or in corporate world.

Master of Science in Curriculum and Instruction

Who Should Apply for this Program?

If you already have a bachelor's degree in education and are interested in enhancing your career by building strong learning opportunities for students, then a master's degree in curriculum and instruction is one to consider.

You’ll play an integral part in impacting the future for students and teachers alike with a master's degree in curriculum and instruction. This program provides you a direct path to become a leader in education, impacting individual students in classrooms, and shaping the future of your community.

What Will I Learn in the M.S. in Curriculum and Instruction Program?

You’ll cover topics including: 

• Curriculum Theory  
• Learning Theories 
• Educational Psychology  
• Curriculum Design
• Curriculum Evaluation 
• Assessment for Student Learning 
• Differentiated Instruction 
• Instructional Theory
• Research Foundations
• Research Design and Analysis
• Research Questions and Literature

What Careers Can I Pursue with an M.S. in Curriculum and Instruction?

With a master’s degree in curriculum and instruction, you’ll be prepared for the following career paths: 

• Private Learning Center Instructor
• Instructional Coach
• Area Superintendent
• Curriculum Director
• Academic Advisor
• Learning and Development Coordinator
• Private Tutor
• Corporate Trainer
• Board of Education Member
• Educational Consultant 
• Professional Curriculum Designer
• Assistant Superintendent

"Coming back to get my master's degree after obtaining my bachelor's degree from WGU was the absolute best thing I could have done. I never dreamed before obtaining my bachelor's that I would get a master's degree, but WGU was such an amazing experience I was excited to continue."

Tammie Montgomery M.S. Curriculum and Instruction

Master of Science in Educational Leadership

Who Should Apply for This Program?

If you’re an experienced, licensed teacher who’s ready to take the next step in your career and move into an administrative or leadership role, a master’s degree in educational leadership can help you do just that. 

This program will give you the skills you need to manage educational institutions, including overseeing teachers, developing and implementing curriculum standards, and improving how your staff helps students achieve their academic goals. You'll also be positioned to manage budgets, ensure proper security, and better interact with parents, the public, and district administrators.

What Will I Learn in the M.S. in Educational Leadership Program?

You’ll cover topics such as: 

• Leadership Foundations and Ethics
• Leadership of Curriculum Design and Instruction
• People and Talent in Educational Leadership
• Practicum in Educational Leadership–Focus on Professional Practices
• Practicum in Educational Leadership–Focus on Instruction and Operations
• Educational Leadership Capstone
• Systems Management and School Operations
• Leading Inclusive Schools
• Data Literacy and Evidence-Based Practices
• Cultural Competency and Social-Emotional Learning

What Careers Can I Pursue with an M.S. in Educational Leadership?

As a graduate of this degree program, you’ll be ready to explore the following career paths:

• Vice Principal 
• Director of Admissions 
• Instructional Coach 
• Area Superintendent 
• High School Principal 
• Grant Writer 
• Sheltered Workshop Specialist 
• Correctional Assistant 
• Preschool Director 
• Professional Curriculum Designer 
• Assistant Superintendent 
• College Professor

Master of Education, Education Technology & Instructional Design

This master’s degree in educational technology and instructional design does not require students to be a licensed teacher or even to have any background in education. Thus, this program is well suited for two groups: educators and administrators working in academic environments, and trainers working in a corporate environment. The program is split into two tracks providing actionable knowledge either for traditional educators looking to improve learning experiences, or individuals in corporate environments looking to enhance their organization’s design and delivery of workforce development and training. Applicants to this program should hold a bachelor’s degree in any field. An undergraduate degree in teaching is not required.

This degree program will teach you how to design engaging learning experiences with a focus on the modern online learning environment. It includes an in-depth focus on assessment and learning analytics, learning technology, and e-learning course design for either K–12 students or adults, depending on the track you select. 

What Will I Learn in the M.Ed., Education Technology & Instructional Design Program?

Some areas of study in this master’s degree include:

• Learning Experience Design Foundations
• Learning Experience Design Lab
• Identifying Learner Needs and a Research Problem
• Developing an E-Learning Solution and Research Methodology
• Implementing and Evaluating E-Learning Solutions
• Designing and Facilitating E-Learning Experiences for K–12 Students or Adult Learners

What Careers Can I Pursue with an M.Ed., Education Technology & Instructional Design?

A master’s degree in educational technology and instructional design prepares you for numerous jobs in education and other sectors. Popular roles include:

• Instructional Coordinator 
• Instructional Technologist 
• Instructional Designer
• Learning Experience Designer 
• Educational Technology Specialist 
• Online Course Designer 
• Learning Architect 
• Distance Education Administrator 
• Chief Learning Officer 
• Training and Development Specialist

What Are the Differences between These Programs?

The biggest differenc between these programs is the enrollment requirements and career outcomes. For example, to be considered for the M.S. in Educational Leadership, you must be a current, licensed teacher. If you’re looking for an M.S. in Curriculum and Instruction, you should also have work experience in education. However, this isn’t the case for the M.Ed., Education Technology & Instructional Design, which requires a bachelor’s degree in any discipline, but not a teaching license.

On top of the eligibility differences, each degree will prepare you for vastly different education careers. Here is a quick recap of how the programs differ in who they cater to:

• The M.S. in Curriculum and Instruction is best for those with educational experience who want to move into curriculum design roles and change what and how students learn.
• The M.S. in Educational Leadership is best for licensed teachers who want to move out of the classroom and into administrative roles.
• The M.Ed., Education Technology & Instructional Design  is best for K–12 teachers, higher education instructors, or corporate trainers who are set on solving problems related to learner experience, particularly in online learning environments.

Explore all of WGU’s online, accredited education programs and get started today!

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2: 2023  Harris Poll  of 1,655 WGU grads.

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3: National rates reported by the  Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System in 2022 . WGU average rate does not include rates for WGU Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Prelicensure program.

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From Associate to Doctorate: A Complete Guide to College Degree Levels

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Are you ready to discover your college program?

Considering a college degree? First, you’ll have to understand the types of degrees and college degree levels.

Different degrees prepare you for different career paths. For example, you can’t become a psychologist with just a bachelor’s degree — you’d need a master’s or doctorate in psychology. And you usually can’t become an engineer without at least a bachelor’s degree.

Typically, as your university degree level rises, your earning potential increases, and the unemployment rate decreases. That’s one more reason it’s important to understand the different types of degrees.

What Types of Degrees Are There in College?

There are many types of degrees you can earn in college. College degree levels can be broken down into two categories: undergraduate degrees and graduate degrees.

Here are the college degrees in order, from lowest ranking to highest:

• Associate degree (undergraduate)
• Bachelor’s degree (undergraduate)
• Master’s degree (graduate)
• Doctoral degree (graduate)

While a doctorate is the highest education level, some fields may stop at a master’s. The phrase “terminal degree” refers to the highest degree in a field.

A professional degree is a type of graduate degree — often a doctorate — that prepares you for a professional career in fields like law and medicine.

Popular Online Programs

Learn about start dates, transferring credits, availability of financial aid, and more by contacting the universities below.

Associate Degree

• Typical Program Length: 1-2 years
• Typical Number of Credits: 60

Most associate degrees prepare you to enter the workforce immediately upon graduation. These programs can be found at community and technical colleges and typically last 1-2 years.

An associate degree can also serve as the foundation for a bachelor’s program. You may even be able to transfer some of the credits you earned for your associate degree toward a four-year degree.

Some associate degrees require you to complete an internship or practicum in addition to taking classes. This is particularly common among healthcare and tech degrees.

To apply for an associate degree program , you’ll need a high school diploma or equivalent, like a GED certificate. Some schools may require you to submit standardized test scores, such as the ACT or the SAT, as well.

Featured Associate Programs

What can you do with an associate degree.

An associate degree prepares you for vocational, allied health, and support roles. For example, you can become a medical assistant , paralegal , or vet tech with an associate degree.

The highest-paying careers with an associate degree pay over $80,000 per year. See the table below for salary information on other popular associate degree jobs.

Source: BLS

Types of Associate Degrees

Colleges can offer three kinds of associate degrees:

• Associate of Arts (AA)
• Associate of Science (AS)
• Associate of Applied Science (AAS)

Arts, humanities, and creative fields typically offer an AA, whereas social sciences and natural sciences fields often award an AS. Many applied and vocational programs offer an AAS degree.

The type of degree matters if you’re planning to transfer into a bachelor’s program. Colleges normally offer fewer transfer credits for an AAS degree.

Popular Associate Degrees

• Business Administration
• Business Management
• Computer Science
• Criminal Justice
• Cybersecurity
• Early Childhood Education
• Graphic Design
• Healthcare Management
• Information Technology
• Medical Assisting
• Medical Billing and Coding
• Pre-Nursing
• Social Work

Bachelor’s Degree

• Typical Program Length: 4 years
• Typical Number of Credits: 120

A bachelor’s degree prepares you for many career paths. You’ll generally spend four years earning a bachelor’s degree at a college or university. You’ll take general education classes and courses in your major . You can also choose a minor.

Some colleges offer accelerated bachelor’s programs , which take less time — often 2-3 years. Degree-completion programs can also speed up the timeline by awarding you credit for previous college coursework.

You can earn your bachelor’s degree online as well. An online degree from an accredited college meets the same standards as that of an in-person degree.

You’ll need a high school diploma for admission and may also need to submit SAT or ACT scores.

Featured Bachelor’s Programs

What can you do with a bachelor’s degree.

In diverse industries like business, tech, and education, a bachelor’s degree can prepare you for many entry-level careers. Some of the highest-paying jobs with a bachelor’s degree include roles in finance, management, and tech.

Graduates with a four-year degree can also benefit from high demand in many lucrative fields, like software development and engineering. The table below introduces some popular jobs with a bachelor’s degree.

Types of Bachelor’s Degrees

You can earn a bachelor’s degree in many fields. Some of the most common types of bachelor’s degrees you’ll see include:

• Bachelor of Arts (BA)
• Bachelor of Science (BS)
• Bachelor of Applied Arts (BAA)
• Bachelor of Applied Science (BAS)
• Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch.)
• Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)
• Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA)
• Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)

The two most popular degrees are a BA and a BS. These degrees cover all arts and sciences majors and some education and engineering degrees.

Popular Bachelor’s Degrees

• Civil Engineering
• Communication
• Computer Programming
• Health Informatics
• Health Sciences
• Human Resources
• Mathematics
• Organizational Psychology
• Political Science
• Public Policy
• Supply Chain and Logistics

Master’s Degree

• Typical Program Length: 1-3 years
• Typical Number of Credits: 30

A master’s degree can help you gain specialized skills and qualify for higher-paying roles. As a graduate student, you’ll work closely with experts in your field to explore advanced topics.

While a master’s degree typically takes two years, some universities offer accelerated one-year master’s programs. You can also enroll in a bachelor’s-to-master’s program to earn both a bachelor’s and master’s degree in less time.

Most master’s programs require a minimum of 30 credits. Admission and graduation requirements vary depending on the program. For example, many arts and sciences master’s programs require GRE scores , while business programs typically require GMAT scores .

Featured Master’s Programs

What can you do with a master’s degree.

With a master’s degree, you can qualify for management-level careers and specialized roles in industries like healthcare, research, and social services. The highest-paying master’s degrees include MBAs and nurse practitioner degrees.

Learn more about the earning potential and demand for popular master’s degree jobs below.

Types of Master’s Degrees

Here are some of the most common types of master’s degrees you can earn:

• Master of Arts (MA)
• Master of Science (MS)
• Master of Business Administration (MBA)
• Master of Education (M.Ed.)
• Master of Fine Arts (MFA)
• Master of Laws (LL.M.)
• Master of Public Administration (MPA)
• Master of Public Health (MPH)
• Master of Public Policy (MPP)
• Master of Science in Nursing (MSN)
• Master of Social Work (MSW)

An MA and an MS are among the most popular master’s degrees. Humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences fields typically award an MA or an MS. Other popular options include an MBA and an M.Ed.

Popular Master’s Degrees

• Creative Writing
• Data Science
• Engineering
• Healthcare Administration
• Library and Information Science
• Network Security
• Public Health
• Supply Chain Management

Doctoral Degrees

• Typical Program Length: 2-10 years
• Typical Number of Credits: Varies

A doctorate represents the highest degree you can get in academia. There are a few types of doctoral degrees you can get.

Professional doctorates train you for a professional career. For example, law school and med school are two common professional paths. A Ph.D., on the other hand — by far one of the most common types of doctorates — emphasizes theory and research.

In a doctoral program, you’ll take graduate-level seminars and courses, take comprehensive exams, conduct original research, and defend a dissertation in front of a faculty committee.

Most applied doctorates take 3-5 years, while a Ph.D. typically requires 4-6 years of coursework. In certain fields, you can earn your doctorate online.

Some doctoral programs require a master’s degree for admission, whereas others admit applicants with just a bachelor’s degree. You may need to submit standardized test scores depending on the program.

Featured Doctoral Programs

What can you do with a doctorate.

If you want to become a physician , professor , or lawyer, you’ll need a doctorate. In many fields, a doctorate translates into higher salaries. Lawyers, pharmacists , and physicists all report median salaries of over $125,000 per year, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

The following table shows the earning potential and demand for popular doctoral degree jobs.

Types of Doctoral Degrees

A doctorate is the highest education level, but there are still several types of doctoral degrees. Here are some of the most common you can get:

• Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
• Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)
• Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)
• Doctor of Medicine (MD)
• Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)
• Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.)
• Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.)
• Juris Doctor (JD)

A Ph.D. is the most popular doctorate. You can earn a Ph.D. in many arts and sciences fields. Other doctorates take their names from the career path associated with the degree.

Popular Doctoral Degrees

• Curriculum and Instruction
• Educational Administration
• Educational Leadership
• Human Services
• Legal Studies
• Organizational Leadership
• Public Administration

Frequently Asked Questions About College Degree Levels

What are the four types of college degrees.

The four types of college degrees are associate degrees, bachelor’s degrees, master’s degrees, and doctoral degrees. Colleges classify associate and bachelor’s degrees as undergraduate degrees and master’s and doctoral degrees as graduate degrees.

Within those categories, you can earn many types of degrees. For instance, at the bachelor’s level, you could earn a bachelor of arts (BA), a bachelor of science (BS), or a bachelor of fine arts (BFA) degree.

What is a four-year college degree called?

A four-year college degree is called a bachelor’s degree. Another term for this degree type is a baccalaureate degree.

Many careers require a bachelor’s degree for entry-level roles. For example, most careers in business require you to hold a bachelor’s degree. Many roles in tech, education, the public sector, and engineering also require you to have a four-year degree.

Some career paths require a specific major. In many states, you’ll need a bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) to become a registered nurse . In other fields, your specific major matters less than the quality of your skills.

What is the highest degree?

The highest degree is a doctorate, also called a doctoral degree. In terms of university degree levels, both master’s and bachelor’s degrees rank below doctorates.

You can earn a doctorate in a wide array of fields, including the social sciences, business, the humanities, education, engineering, and healthcare.

In some fields, however, a master’s degree represents the terminal, or highest, degree. For instance, a master of fine arts (MFA) is the terminal degree for creative writing.

What is the hardest college degree?

Most would agree that the hardest college degree is a doctorate. As the highest education level, a doctorate requires significant expertise in the field.

Many Ph.D. programs take six years or more and require you to write a book-length dissertation based on original research.

Because a doctorate represents the top of the university degree levels, it’s a relatively uncommon degree. Only around 2% of U.S. adults held a doctorate in 2022, according to the U.S. Census Bureau .

What is the quickest degree?

The fastest degree you can get is either a one-year associate degree or a one-year master’s degree. While other types of degrees typically take a minimum of two years, you can earn a master’s degree in one year with an accelerated or fast-track program.

You can sometimes add a master’s degree to your bachelor’s through a 4+1 program, also known as a bachelor’s-to-master’s program. In this case, some of your coursework counts toward both your undergraduate and graduate degrees, meaning you’ll spend an additional year in college to leave with a master’s degree.

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Early Childhood Education vs. Elementary Education: Choosing the Right Specialization for your Teaching Career

When planning a career in education, many prospective teachers consider pursuing either early childhood education or elementary education. Educators in both areas play crucial roles in the development and education of young children, yet they differ significantly in focus, required skills, educational pathways, and career outlooks.

Comparing these two specializations, early childhood education versus elementary education, reveals distinct responsibilities, competencies, and opportunities for each role. Understanding these variations and the education requirements for each role can help aspiring teachers prepare to support the next generation effectively. 

Early Childhood Education vs. Elementary Education: Career Descriptions

Here we will take a look at the key differences in the job responsibilities and work environments of teachers who specialize in early childhood education and elementary education.

Early Childhood Educators

Early childhood educators work with young children, ranging from infants to those who are around 8 years old, typically in preschool and early elementary settings. Educators in both areas play crucial roles in the development and education of young children, yet they differ significantly in focus, required skills, educational pathways, and career outlooks.

Early childhood educators work in a variety of settings, including public and private preschools, child care centers, Head Start programs, and elementary schools. The role often involves creating a safe and nurturing environment for young children, assessing their developmental progress, and collaborating with their parents and other educators to support each child’s growth.

Elementary Education

Elementary educators teach children in kindergarten through fifth or sixth grade. Elementary school teachers play a pivotal role in shaping the educational experiences of the children in their classroom, who are typically between the ages of 5 and 11. Their work encompasses a range of responsibilities that extend beyond classroom instruction, such as school administrative duties and extracurricular involvement.

These teachers are responsible for developing children’s foundational skills in various subjects, including math, reading, science, and social studies, while also supporting their social and emotional development.

Elementary school teachers primarily work in public or private elementary schools. Public schools are funded by the government and are free for students to attend, while private schools are funded through tuition paid by families and sometimes other private sources. Some elementary teachers may also work in charter schools, which are publicly funded but operate independently of the public school system.

Early Childhood Education vs. Elementary Education: Skill Requirements

While there is some overlap in the skills required for early childhood educators and elementary educators, certain abilities stand out as especially important in each role. Here are some highlights:

Key Skills of Early Childhood Educators

• Patience and Nurturing . Early childhood educators should be able to create a safe, comforting learning environment and take a gentle, patient approach that accommodates the developmental pace of young children. 
• Creativity . Early childhood educators must be able to develop imaginative and engaging teaching methods to capture the interest of young learners. Much of their day-to-day work involves planning and doing creative activities that promote learning through play.
• Strong Communication Across Generations . Being able to clearly and effectively interact with young children to facilitate understanding and learning is a must, but so is the capability to regularly and openly communicate with the children’s parents to provide them with updates on their child’s progress and to address any concerns.  
• Knowledge of Child Development . Early childhood educators must have comprehensive knowledge of developmental milestones to plan age-appropriate activities for the children in their classroom. They also must have the ability to recognize and respond to the individual needs of each child.
• Ethical decision-making is the process of striving to resolve issues using moral principles as a guide. This involves evaluating the options, considering the moral ramifications of each, and making choices based on one’s values and standards. 

Key Skills of Elementary Educators

• Classroom Management . Elementary educators need strong organizational skills to maintain an orderly classroom environment. They also must have effective disciplinary strategies to address behavioral issues and promote positive behavior.
• Subject Matter Expertise . Educators teaching in elementary schools need to have both proficiency in a broad range of subjects, including math, reading, science, and social studies, and the ability to teach these subjects in an engaging and comprehensible manner.
• Adaptability . Elementary educators must be flexible, adjusting their lessons and teaching methods to meet the diverse learning needs of their students, ensuring that every child can succeed.
• Communication Skills. Like early childhood educators, elementary educators need to be able to communicate effectively and in a developmentally appropriate way with their students and the students’ families.

Early Childhood Education vs. Elementary Education: Education Requirements

Both early childhood educators and elementary educators must earn a relevant degree. How long it takes to become a teacher can vary depending on each individual’s educational path and mode of study. 

Education Requirements for Early Childhood Education

The education and training requirements for preschool teachers vary by setting and state regulations, with most positions requiring at least an associate degree.

To enter the field of early childhood education within a public school system, a bachelor’s degree, such as a Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Early Childhood Education is typically required. This degree provides a comprehensive understanding of child development, curriculum planning, and effective teaching strategies for young learners. 

Coursework often includes subjects such as child psychology, early literacy, classroom management, and creative arts.

Hands-on experience through student teaching or internships is often a focal point of the program, providing practical skills and real-world experience.

In addition to earning a degree, obtaining state-specific certification or licensure is often necessary to work as an early childhood educator, and is required for those working in a public school system. The requirements for certification vary by state, but they generally include passing exams that assess knowledge of teaching practices and child development. Many states also require continuing education credits to maintain certification.

Education Requirements for Elementary Education

Teaching jobs in elementary education usually require a bachelor’s degree, such as a BA in Elementary Education . State-specific certification or licensure is also required to teach at the elementary level. 

Most elementary education degree programs are teacher preparation programs. These programs combine academic coursework with practical teaching experience. Students typically complete a series of education courses that cover teaching methods, curriculum design, and assessment techniques. Individuals who have earned an undergraduate degree in a field outside of education can often prepare for licensure by participating in a graduate-level teacher preparation program.

Practical experience through student teaching or internships is an essential part of elementary education programs as well, offering prospective teachers the opportunity to apply their theoretical knowledge in a classroom setting and develop effective teaching strategies.

After completing their degree program, aspiring elementary school teachers must obtain state certification or licensure to teach in public schools. 

Once certified, elementary school teachers are usually required to stay current on their continuing education and professional development to maintain their certification and keep up with the latest educational best practices. 

Early Childhood Education vs. Elementary Education: Salary and Job Outlook

Understanding the job outlook for early childhood and elementary education can help prospective teachers make an informed career decision. 

Job Outlook: Early Childhood Educators

Preschool teachers usually work in child care centers or in public or private schools. Many follow the traditional 10-month school year, but some positions are year-round.

As of May 2023, the median annual salary for preschool teachers was $37,130, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The BLS projects that employment of preschool teachers will grow by 3% from 2022 to 2032, which matches the average growth rate projected for all occupations. There are projected to be about 56,300 job openings annually, mainly due to workers transferring to other occupations or leaving the workforce, such as for retirement.

Job Outlook: Elementary Educators

Kindergarten and elementary school teachers typically work in public or private schools. They generally teach during school hours when students are present, and they may prepare lessons and grade assignments on evenings or weekends. Most of these teachers have summers off and do not work during that time.

As of May 2023, the median annual salary for elementary school teachers, excluding special education teachers, was $63,680, according to the BLS. For kindergarten teachers, excluding special education, the median annual salary was $62,690.

The BLS estimates that employment of kindergarten and elementary school teachers will remain relatively stable from 2022 to 2032. Despite minimal growth in employment, the agency projects that there will be about 109,000 job openings each year, on average. 

Start Your Career in Education

Deciding whether to pursue a career in early childhood education or elementary education depends on the interests, skills, and career goals of the aspiring teacher. Both roles offer rewarding opportunities to make a significant impact on children’s lives. If you enjoy working with very young children and have a nurturing personality, early childhood education might be the right fit for you. If you prefer teaching a broad range of subjects to slightly older children, elementary education could be your calling.

At Mid-America Christian University, we offer comprehensive BA in Early Childhood Education and BA in Elementary Education programs, as well as graduate-level degree and certificate programs. Our programs are designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills you’ll need to excel in either of these rewarding careers. 

To learn more about how a degree from Mid-America Christian University can prepare you for a career as a teacher, please explore our education degree programs .

Recommended Readings:

Careers in Education: Teaching and Beyond   How to Become a Therapist Types of Ministry Degrees  

Forbes , “Earning an Elementary Education Degree: Everything You Need to Know” Forbes , “Guide to Early Childhood Education Careers: 7 Roles to Consider” UNESCO, “What You Need to Know About Early Childhood Care and Education” U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Kindergarten and Elementary School Teachers   U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Preschool Teachers

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