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Hoe schrijf je een ijzersterk essay? | Essay-template & checklist

In een betogend essay geef je je geïnformeerde en beargumenteerde mening over een verschijnsel, probleem of ontwikkeling op basis van je eigen veldonderzoek of literatuuronderzoek . Het doel van een betogend essay is om je lezers van jouw stelling te overtuigen.

Je presenteert de lezer argumenten voor je standpunt en je weerlegt tegenargumenten met bewijzen, zoals logische redenaties, statistieken of onderzoeksresultaten. Op basis van je argumenten schrijf je een conclusie .

Essay-onderdelen

• Onderwerp en stelling voor je essay

Inleiding van je essay

Argumentatie in je essay, conclusie van je essay.

• Structuur en opbouw van een essay
• Stappenplan voor een essay
• Schrijfstijl in je essay
• Soorten essays
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Inhoudsopgave

Essay-template scribbr, beginnen met je essay, titel en paragraaftitels in je essay, schrijfstijl, verwijzingen en bronvermeldingen in je essay, veelgestelde vragen.

Om je te helpen met je essay, hebben we een template voor je gemaakt. Hierin staan alle onderdelen in de goede volgorde en wordt steeds uitgelegd wat je moet schrijven. De vragen in de template helpen je om de juiste informatie op te nemen in je essay.

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• Verboden woorden

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Eerst moet je een goed onderwerp kiezen waarover een (sterke) mening hebt. Het helpt als je gepassioneerd bent over een onderwerp. Vervolgens baken je dit onderwerp af , zodat je essay niet te lang of te algemeen wordt. Hierna bedenk je jouw stelling waarvoor je argumenten gaat aandragen.

Voordat je begint met schrijven, creëer je een outline om de structuur van je essay vast te stellen. Je schrijft vervolgens eerst een kladversie en daarna pas de eindversie op basis van wat je al geschreven hebt. Bij de eindversie let je ook op de juiste structuur, correct gebruik van paragrafen en alinea’s , eventuele paragraaftitels, de schrijfstijl, en correct taalgebruik .

Je begint de inleiding van je essay met een pakkende beginzin om je lezer te prikkelen om verder te lezen. Hierna geef je de nodige achtergrondinformatie , waardoor je lezer snapt waarover je het hebt en je redeneringen kan volgen.

Je sluit de inleiding af met je stelling , oftewel het standpunt waarvan je je lezers in je essay wilt overtuigen. De stelling vormt de rode draad van jouw essay.

Met een argument verdedig je je standpunt tegen kritiek. De argumentatie is het belangrijkste deel van je essay. Je overtuigt je lezers van jouw standpunt met argumenten die je stelling ondersteunen en weerleggingen van tegenargumenten . Je doet dit door argumenten naar voren te brengen en deze te bewijzen op basis van feiten, literatuuronderzoek, eigen onderzoek of waterdichte redeneringen.

Zet je argumenten in een logische volgorde , presenteer voldoende argumenten en schrijf per argument een kernzin .

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In je conclusie toon je aan dat je stelling klopt. Je doet dit door aan te geven waarom alle argumenten leiden tot de enige conclusie, namelijk jouw standpunt.

Je eindigt je conclusie met een krachtige slotzin die jouw lezer nog meer overtuigt van je stelling, aan het denken zet of aanspoort tot actie. Controleer daarna met behulp van onze checklist of alle onderdelen aanwezig zijn.

De titel van je essay moet lezers niet alleen informeren over het onderwerp, maar ze ook aansporen om je essay te lezen. Paragraaftitels doen hetzelfde, maar deze zijn ongebruikelijk in essays (tenzij je essay langer is dan 5 pagina’s).

De schrijfstijl in een essay is minder formeel dan andere wetenschappelijke genres, zoals een scriptie, maar is nog steeds serieus. Wees origineel, maar pas op met humor, vermijd vaag taalgebruik en de lijdende vorm , en gebruik de juiste verbindingswoorden en werkwoordstijden .

De bronnen in je bronnenlijst mogen variëren van wetenschappelijke literatuur en populairwetenschappelijke teksten tot teksten van websites en uit actuele mediaberichten. Pas bij de bronvermelding altijd de juiste referentiestijl toe, bijvoorbeeld met behulp van de gratis Bronnengenerator . Het is belangrijk dat je je bronnen in de tekst op de juiste manier citeert en parafraseert om plagiaat te voorkomen.

Checklist: Essay

De titel staat boven de tekst, gevolgd door een eventuele ondertitel, je naam en je studentnummer.

De titel en eventuele paragraaftitels informeren en stimuleren de lezer om verder te lezen.

De inleiding is prikkelend, vanwege een pakkende beginzin, de nodige achtergrondinformatie en jouw stelling (standpunt).

De stelling is onderbouwd met argumenten.

De argumenten voor het standpunt worden onderbouwd met bewijs.

De tegenargumenten zijn gepresenteerd en weerlegd op basis van bewijs.

Voor ieder argument gebruik je een nieuwe paragraaf of alinea.

Per alinea wordt een kernzin gebruikt, bewijs gegeven en een slotzin of overgangszin geschreven, waardoor alinea’s logisch op elkaar aansluiten.

De conclusie bevestigt de stelling op basis van je argumenten.

De conclusie beantwoordt de “en dus?”-vraag.

De conclusie bevat geen nieuwe argumenten.

De conclusie eindigt met een krachtige slotzin.

De schrijfstijl is boeiend en duidelijk zonder onnodig gecompliceerde formuleringen.

Werkwoordstijden zijn correct gebruikt.

De bronnen zijn gepresenteerd in de juiste referentiestijl, zoals APA .

Gefeliciteerd!

Je essay zit nu goed in elkaar. Twijfel je nog over de taal? Zorg er met onze nakijkdienst voor dat je het document zonder taalfouten kunt inleveren.

Behandel je argumenten voor je essay in een logische volgorde. Je kunt je argumenten (voor en tegen) op verschillende manieren in een logische volgorde presenteren:

• Thematisch : bespreek voor- en tegenargumenten per deelthema.
• Chronologisch : bespreek voor- en tegenargumenten in chronologische volgorde.
• Argumentatief : bespreek eerst de argumenten voor het standpunt en daarna de argumenten tegen het standpunt.

De conclusie van je essay eindig je met een krachtige slotzin om je lezer nog meer te overtuigen, aan het denken te zetten of aan te sporen tot actie. Je slotzin kan zijn:

• Blik op de toekomst
• Samenvattend statement
• Aansporing tot actie

Een essay dat je schrijft voor de universiteit is meestal tussen de 3 en 9 pagina’s lang. Ga na bij jouw begeleider en opleiding hoe lang jouw essay moet worden.

Liever niet. Het risico is dan te groot dat je te zeer uitwijdt over nevenzaken en dat het essay te lang en onduidelijk wordt. Je kunt dit wel doen als bijvoorbeeld twee standpunten leiden tot je uiteindelijke stelling.

Zo kun je aangeven dat je stelen verkeerd vindt, maar dat je ook vindt dat extreme armoede niet de schuld is van de mensen die in extreme armoede zijn geboren. Op basis van deze standpunten kun je vervolgens als stelling aangeven dat je vindt dat stelen in het geval van extreme armoede niet moet worden bestraft.

Met een goed opgebouwd en onderbouwd essay toon je aan dat je kritisch kunt nadenken en over de juiste kennis bezit om je stelling te verdedigen. Je kunt je begeleider laten zien dat je voldoende hebt geleerd over een bepaald onderwerp en de verschillende aspecten goed begrijpt.

Je schrijft hierbij in een academische stijl . Let op: Als je een betoog schrijft, is dit meer dan slechts een samenvatting van wat je gelezen hebt.

Nee, je stelling hoeft niet per se origineel te zijn, maar moet ook niet zo voor zich spreken dat je eigenlijk geen onderbouwing nodig hebt. Een standpunt als: ‘Stelen is verkeerd’ spreekt bijvoorbeeld zo voor zich dat je geen persoon hoeft over te halen met argumenten om iemand van deze stelling te overtuigen.

Een standpunt als: ‘Stelen moet in het geval van extreme armoede niet worden bestraft’ daarentegen is een stelling waarover meningen kunnen verschillen. Deze stelling kun je daarom onderbouwen met argumenten om twijfelaars te overtuigen en bij medestanders aan te geven waarom de stelling klopt.

Wat vind jij van dit artikel?

Andere studenten bekeken ook.

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• Een krachtige essay-conclusie schrijven

Meer interessante artikelen

• De kern van je essay: de argumentatie
• De structuur en opbouw van een essay
• Een pakkende essay inleiding schrijven
• Essay voorbeelden
• Essay-onderwerp en stelling kiezen
• Hoe je paragrafen en alinea’s gebruikt
• Hoe schrijf je een betoog? | Betekenis & Voorbeelden
• Verschillende soorten essays

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Essay Generator

Embark on your essay writing journey with our comprehensive guide, rich in diverse essay examples. This guide is crafted to assist students, educators, and writing enthusiasts in mastering the art of essay composition. From structure to style, it covers all facets of essay writing, supplemented with illustrative essay examples for clear understanding. Whether for academic, professional, or personal purposes, this guide is an invaluable resource for anyone looking to enhance their essay writing skills with precision and creativity.

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Most of us are probably familiar about what essays are. I would also have to assume that most of us have already  written essays  one even when we were younger. We were either tasked by our teacher to write one as a part of an examination or as a take-home project to be presented in the next session. Some consider essay writing a burden while others see it as an opportunity to express their thoughts and opinions. Because through writing, you get to write about things that you want others to know about and share a reflection through reflective essay . Your imagination becomes boundless and your ideas are limitless.

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What Is the Format of an Essay?

Essays, whichever type they come in, have a similar format. This serves as a guide for a writer to express his/her thoughts and ideas in a structured manner.

• Introduction. This is the opening part of the essay . It provides a brief overview and a preface of what the topic is all about. It is usually short but has to be interesting.
• Body. This is where the writer places his/her arguments and supporting statements for the topic. It can contain two to three paragraphs or depending on the length and scope of the subject.
• Conclusion. The summary writing of the whole essay is contained in the conclusion. It is a short recap of the main point presented in the essay.

How to Structure an Essay

To structure an essay, you need to simply follow the above format. Every essay, whether it be an informative essay or an analysis essay , has to contain the essential elements common among all essays. By following this format, the writer will have a guide to follow throughout the entire writing course.

It is a difficult process in essay writing when you do not have a structure to follow. You will have throw all of your ideas from here and there with no direction at all. Your paragraphs do not connect each other’s meaning as well as the entire thought of your essay could be incomprehensible.

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Different Kinds of Essay

Writing an essay is a crucial part in academe life. You need to know how to write an effective essay as it is a common basis for a student’s grade. It is given as a common school assignment and a critical part in an examination set. To write an impressive short essay , especially during an examination, you need to be able to hit the question and provide a straightforward answer while at the same time observing the right structure of an essay.

Writing an essay could be difficult especially if you do not know the different kinds of essays which for sure, your teacher will be obliging you to write.

The easiest way to determine the type of an essay is to understand the writer’s point of view. Ask yourself what is the writer trying to tell and that by itself should provide a definite answer as to what type of essay it is. But to provide you a more comprehensible answer, here are the most common kinds of essay.

• Descriptive essay. A descriptive essay is aimed at portraying a picture through the use of words. The writer describes in great details a character, a place or a certain scenario which is directed at calling up the reader’s emotions.
• Reflective essay. In a reflective essay , the writer stirs the emotions of the readers by sharing a specific experience in life which is rather more important to him/her and which has a special place in his heart. It narrates a story and tells of the lessons and life-changing realizations drawn out from that experience.
• Expository essay. While a reflective essay deals on the emotions of the writer, an expository essay presents facts and verifiable data which presents a fair and unbiased analysis of a topic.
• Persuasive essay. The goal of persuasive essay is to present ideas and thoughts to readers and to convince them to believe or accept these. The writer aims at demonstrating his/her statements in a logical manner while at the same time appealing to the judgment of the readers.

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Importance of Essay

Essay writing is commonly practiced is schools. Students have to write essays depending on the teacher’s instructions or their desired style in writing.

Since there are different types of analysis essays , students can be creative and choose any style they want for as long as they can express their thoughts and of course, as long it as it is appropriate to what their teachers ask them to do.

However, essays have a very good importance not just to get good grades but also in expressing one’s emotions. An essay could be a channel for a student to workout his/her creative imagination and put it into writing.

Purpose of an Essay

We have all been through the struggles of having to think seriously of what to write about a topic that our teachers wanted us to write. I understand because I myself was at one time pressured because my classmates were all enthusiastic to write while I was sitting blank unsure of what I was supposed to do.

However, I realized that writing an content winning essay made me a better person. I was able to put into writing my thoughts which I have always kept in myself afraid of being laughed at. The purpose of an essay is to convey those emotions through words which we cannot do through actions.

Informative Essay

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Scholarship Essay

Guidelines for Essay Writing

Although we have to admit that writing an essay is not an easy task, being able to finish one is such a rewarding experience especially if it is an assignment you have to pass the next day. There is no perfect solution on how to write an effective essay .

However, there are certain guideline which you can use in order for you to make that outstanding essay.

• Choose your topic. Deciding what essay to write starts with choosing the right topic. Don’t just write something that everybody is interested to write about. Rather, pick a topic that you are most excited to write about so it would be easier for you to express your thoughts.
• Create a mind map . A mind map is a sketch of form or an essay outline used to organize information. This is best in order for you to logically express your thoughts and to present it in a coherent manner. Write your ideas in a draft paper and choose which ones to come first and which ones to use as your supporting arguments.
• Compose yourself. Having the right disposition is important in writing an essay. You need to have focus so that while you are writing, you are not distracted by outside thoughts which could ruin your momentum.

Our exploration of essay examples offers invaluable insights for effective essay writing. This guide has provided practical strategies and illustrative examples, empowering writers to craft compelling essays with confidence. Whether for academic achievement or personal expression, these tools and techniques are essential in navigating the diverse landscape of essay writing, ensuring your work is not only well-structured but also engaging and impactful.

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10 Short Argumentative Essay Examples + Downloadable PDF

Argumentative essays usually require that you make some points on a topic and then argue, giving reasons why people should agree with your points.

Fredrick Eghosa

Jul 20, 2024

Table of Contents

Key Takeaways

What an argumentative essay is all about, how to structure an argumentative essay, 1. introduction, 2. body paragraph 1: the first main argument, 3. body paragraph 2: the second main argument, 4. body paragraph 3: the third main argument, 5. counterargument and rebuttal, 6. conclusion, types and examples of argument claims, 1. claim of fact, 2. claim of definition, 3. claim of value, 4. claim of cause and effect, claim of policy, argumentative essay writing tips, how to write an argumentative essay with cowriter, brainstorm topic ideas., get research assistance, creation of outline, improvement of thesis, generating your counterarguments, language improvement, download 10 free argumentative essay examples pdf.

• While it may interest you to choose a topic very personal to you, ensure that you choose one on which you have the capacity to write constructively.
• A good thesis for an argumentative essay alone should be able to provide supporting clues as to what to expect in your essay.
• Research and collect sufficient knowledge from credible sources that would help to support your argument.
• Citation is just one part of the argumentative essay that should not be forgotten.
• A good argumentative essay will organize your thoughts and points in a very simple, logical way.
• These claims are valid and have been proven not to be misleading.
• The claims are clearly stated so that the reader can understand the reasons.
• There is sufficient evidence to prove the claims.
• It attends to counterarguments holistically, without bias, but with respect for the opposition.
• A strong rebuttal shows that your point is stronger and should be agreed to.
• Begin your line with an attention-grabbing statement.
• Write a very short summary of your topic.
• Write your thesis statement, which gets you into the body of the essay itself.
• Define the specific topic sentence you want to discuss in body paragraph 1.
• Provide examples and evidence for the same topic.
• Explain and provide an analysis of the point you write about. This is because analysis helps make understanding the points easier.
• Transition with a strong transitive phrase that will carry the readers into the next topic sentence so they don't get lost or left behind.
• Define what specific topic sentence you are going to talk about in body paragraph 2.
• For the same topic, provide examples and evidence to back up your claims.
• Explain and give an analysis of the point you are writing on; this is because analysis helps make the understanding of the point easier.
• Cradle your next topic sentence in a strong transitive phrase so that your readers do not become lost or left behind.
• Begin with a topic sentence, as usual.
• Provide evidence and examples that prove the truth of your topic sentence.
• Elucidate with analysis so that the audience may understand and relate better to your points.
• Transition to the counterarguments.
• Present the standpoint that counters yours.
• Acknowledge the standpoint.
• Using enough evidence and analysis, argue the opposing claim.
• Restate your thesis.
• Summary of arguments made above in paragraphs 1, 2, and 3.
• End with a call to action. One that will raise arguments in your favor from the audience.
• Example : "Democratic policies caused the rise of terrorism."
• Example : "The use of artificial intelligence should be considered a form of life."
• Example : "Snowboarding is the greatest way to spend a vacation."
• Example: “A crude oil spill into a water body can cause many plants and animals in the water to die.”
• Example: "All professional athletes should be randomly drug-tested.”
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• Submit your prompt and get a response.

• The first option is to prompt CoWriter with your written thesis and have it change the thesis for you.
• Another way to go about it is to provide it with your topic and ask for it to generate a thesis statement for your essay.

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• How to write an essay outline | Guidelines & examples

How to Write an Essay Outline | Guidelines & Examples

Published on August 14, 2020 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on July 23, 2023.

An essay outline is a way of planning the structure of your essay before you start writing. It involves writing quick summary sentences or phrases for every point you will cover in each paragraph , giving you a picture of how your argument will unfold.

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Table of contents

Organizing your material, presentation of the outline, examples of essay outlines, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about essay outlines.

At the stage where you’re writing an essay outline, your ideas are probably still not fully formed. You should know your topic  and have already done some preliminary research to find relevant sources , but now you need to shape your ideas into a structured argument.

Creating categories

Look over any information, quotes and ideas you’ve noted down from your research and consider the central point you want to make in the essay—this will be the basis of your thesis statement . Once you have an idea of your overall argument, you can begin to organize your material in a way that serves that argument.

Try to arrange your material into categories related to different aspects of your argument. If you’re writing about a literary text, you might group your ideas into themes; in a history essay, it might be several key trends or turning points from the period you’re discussing.

Three main themes or subjects is a common structure for essays. Depending on the length of the essay, you could split the themes into three body paragraphs, or three longer sections with several paragraphs covering each theme.

As you create the outline, look critically at your categories and points: Are any of them irrelevant or redundant? Make sure every topic you cover is clearly related to your thesis statement.

Order of information

When you have your material organized into several categories, consider what order they should appear in.

Your essay will always begin and end with an introduction and conclusion , but the organization of the body is up to you.

Consider these questions to order your material:

• Is there an obvious starting point for your argument?
• Is there one subject that provides an easy transition into another?
• Do some points need to be set up by discussing other points first?

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Within each paragraph, you’ll discuss a single idea related to your overall topic or argument, using several points of evidence or analysis to do so.

In your outline, you present these points as a few short numbered sentences or phrases.They can be split into sub-points when more detail is needed.

The template below shows how you might structure an outline for a five-paragraph essay.

• Thesis statement
• First piece of evidence
• Second piece of evidence
• Summary/synthesis
• Importance of topic
• Strong closing statement

You can choose whether to write your outline in full sentences or short phrases. Be consistent in your choice; don’t randomly write some points as full sentences and others as short phrases.

Examples of outlines for different types of essays are presented below: an argumentative, expository, and literary analysis essay.

Argumentative essay outline

This outline is for a short argumentative essay evaluating the internet’s impact on education. It uses short phrases to summarize each point.

Its body is split into three paragraphs, each presenting arguments about a different aspect of the internet’s effects on education.

• Importance of the internet
• Concerns about internet use
• Thesis statement: Internet use a net positive
• Data exploring this effect
• Analysis indicating it is overstated
• Students’ reading levels over time
• Why this data is questionable
• Video media
• Interactive media
• Speed and simplicity of online research
• Questions about reliability (transitioning into next topic)
• Evidence indicating its ubiquity
• Claims that it discourages engagement with academic writing
• Evidence that Wikipedia warns students not to cite it
• Argument that it introduces students to citation
• Summary of key points
• Value of digital education for students
• Need for optimism to embrace advantages of the internet

Expository essay outline

This is the outline for an expository essay describing how the invention of the printing press affected life and politics in Europe.

The paragraphs are still summarized in short phrases here, but individual points are described with full sentences.

• Claim that the printing press marks the end of the Middle Ages.
• Provide background on the low levels of literacy before the printing press.
• Present the thesis statement: The invention of the printing press increased circulation of information in Europe, paving the way for the Reformation.
• Discuss the very high levels of illiteracy in medieval Europe.
• Describe how literacy and thus knowledge and education were mainly the domain of religious and political elites.
• Indicate how this discouraged political and religious change.
• Describe the invention of the printing press in 1440 by Johannes Gutenberg.
• Show the implications of the new technology for book production.
• Describe the rapid spread of the technology and the printing of the Gutenberg Bible.
• Link to the Reformation.
• Discuss the trend for translating the Bible into vernacular languages during the years following the printing press’s invention.
• Describe Luther’s own translation of the Bible during the Reformation.
• Sketch out the large-scale effects the Reformation would have on religion and politics.
• Summarize the history described.
• Stress the significance of the printing press to the events of this period.

Literary analysis essay outline

The literary analysis essay outlined below discusses the role of theater in Jane Austen’s novel Mansfield Park .

The body of the essay is divided into three different themes, each of which is explored through examples from the book.

• Describe the theatricality of Austen’s works
• Outline the role theater plays in Mansfield Park
• Introduce the research question : How does Austen use theater to express the characters’ morality in Mansfield Park ?
• Discuss Austen’s depiction of the performance at the end of the first volume
• Discuss how Sir Bertram reacts to the acting scheme
• Introduce Austen’s use of stage direction–like details during dialogue
• Explore how these are deployed to show the characters’ self-absorption
• Discuss Austen’s description of Maria and Julia’s relationship as polite but affectionless
• Compare Mrs. Norris’s self-conceit as charitable despite her idleness
• Summarize the three themes: The acting scheme, stage directions, and the performance of morals
• Answer the research question
• Indicate areas for further study

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

• Ad hominem fallacy
• Post hoc fallacy
• Appeal to authority fallacy
• False cause fallacy
• Sunk cost fallacy

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You will sometimes be asked to hand in an essay outline before you start writing your essay . Your supervisor wants to see that you have a clear idea of your structure so that writing will go smoothly.

Even when you do not have to hand it in, writing an essay outline is an important part of the writing process . It’s a good idea to write one (as informally as you like) to clarify your structure for yourself whenever you are working on an essay.

If you have to hand in your essay outline , you may be given specific guidelines stating whether you have to use full sentences. If you’re not sure, ask your supervisor.

When writing an essay outline for yourself, the choice is yours. Some students find it helpful to write out their ideas in full sentences, while others prefer to summarize them in short phrases.

You should try to follow your outline as you write your essay . However, if your ideas change or it becomes clear that your structure could be better, it’s okay to depart from your essay outline . Just make sure you know why you’re doing so.

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Sample Essays

The breadth of Georgetown’s core curriculum means that students are required to write for a wide variety of academic disciplines. Below, we provide some student samples that exhibit the key features the most popular genres. When reading through these essays, we recommend paying attention to their 

1. Structure (How many paragraphs are there? Does the author use headers?) 

2. Argument (Is the author pointing out a problem, and/or proposing a solution?) 

3. Content (Does the argument principally rely on facts, theory, or logic?) and 

4. Style (Does the writer use first person? What is the relationship with the audience?)

Philosophy Paper

• Singer on the Moral Status of Animals

Theology Paper

• Problem of God
• Jewish Civilization
• Sacred Space and Time
• Phenolphthalein in Alkaline Solution

History Paper

• World History

Literature Review

Comparative Analysis 

Policy Brief

• Vaccine Manufacturing

White Paper

Critical Analysis

• Ignatius Seminar

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